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CN101993755A - Methods for removing impurities from coal including neutralization of leaching solution - Google Patents

Methods for removing impurities from coal including neutralization of leaching solution Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101993755A
CN101993755A CN2010102605693A CN201010260569A CN101993755A CN 101993755 A CN101993755 A CN 101993755A CN 2010102605693 A CN2010102605693 A CN 2010102605693A CN 201010260569 A CN201010260569 A CN 201010260569A CN 101993755 A CN101993755 A CN 101993755A
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leaching vat
coal
leaching
vat
impurity
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C·森万
S·D·德雷珀
L·B·库尔
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General Electric Co
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B37/00Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B37/00Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
    • C01B37/02Crystalline silica-polymorphs, e.g. silicalites dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolites

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Abstract

A method for removing at least one impurity from coal is provided. The method comprises providing coal having a plurality of impurities and contacting the coal with a first leaching solution. The first leaching solution reacts with at least one of the impurities to produce one or more first products soluble in the first leaching solution. The method further comprises adding a neutralizing composition to the first leaching solution. The neutralizing composition reacts with the first leaching solution to form a precipitate. The method further comprises separating at least a portion of the first leaching solution from the coal and the precipitate and contacting the coal and the precipitate with a second leaching solution. The second leaching solution reacts with at least one of the impurities and the precipitate to form one or more second products and one or more third products, respectively, the second products and the third products being soluble in the second leaching solution. The method further comprises separating at least a portion of the second leaching solution from the coal.

Description

In comprising and the method for removing impurity from coal of leaching vat
Technical field
Say that briefly the disclosure relates to the method for removing impurity from coal, more particularly, relate in comprising and the method for removing impurity from coal of leaching vat.
Background technology
Clean coal as ultra-clean coal, can provide to remove impurity by handling impure coal.For example, can handle impure coal with first leaching vat (as hydrofluoric acid (" HF ")) at first reactor, to produce first reaction paste.First reaction paste can be transported to strainer (for example, filter drum), to produce filtered wet coal.Then, filtered wet coal can be transported to second reactor, be used for handling, to produce second reaction paste with second leaching vat (as nitrate solution).Second reaction paste can be transported to strainer then filters.Then, the ultra-clean coal that obtains can and be transported to the moisture eliminator drying through washing.
Usually, the mole number of the required HF of first reaction significantly is lower than the mole number of used HF.Therefore, unreacted HF is retained in the liquid, and can even be retained in the coal (for example, existing originally in the hole that is etched in the zone of moisture and the coal by HF and grey impurity reaction generation) after coal filters.
Known HF is poison extremely, and etching glass.HF has the occupational exposure level of 2ppm usually.Required PPO comprises rubber gloves, mask or protective glasses, apron and good ventilation.If suck or the HF that ingests, then consequence may be fatal.By skin absorption, skin contact also may be fatal to HF easily.HF causes serious burning also as the whole body poisonous substance, also is a kind of possible mutagenic compound (mutigen).In addition, can postpone reaction with HF.Therefore, any and HF contact, even in a small amount, also need the medical science first aid.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure provides a kind of method of removing at least a impurity from coal.Described method comprises provides the coal with plurality of impurities, and coal is contacted with first leaching vat.First leaching vat and at least a impurity react, and dissolve in one or more first products of first leaching vat with generation.Described method also comprises neutralization composition is joined first leaching vat.Neutralization composition and the reaction of first leaching vat generate precipitation.Described method also comprises makes at least a portion first leaching vat from coal and precipitate and separate, and coal is contacted with second leaching vat with precipitation.Second leaching vat and at least a impurity and precipitin reaction, to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively, second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat.Described method also comprises makes at least a portion second leaching vat separate from coal.
The disclosure also provides the another kind of method of removing at least a impurity from coal.Described method comprises provides the coal with plurality of impurities, and coal is contacted with first leaching vat.First leaching vat and at least a impurity react, and dissolve in one or more first products of first leaching vat with generation.Described method also comprises makes at least a portion first leaching vat separate from coal as unreacted first leaching vat.Described method also comprises neutralization composition is joined described unreacted first leaching vat.Described neutralization composition and described unreacted first leaching vat reaction generate precipitation.Described method also comprises makes unreacted first leaching vat of at least a portion from precipitate and separate, and coal is contacted with second leaching vat with precipitation.Second leaching vat and at least a impurity and precipitin reaction, to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively, second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat.Described method also comprises makes at least a portion second leaching vat separate from coal.
By following detailed description, accompanying drawing and claim, other aspects of the present invention, feature and advantage will be apparent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the method 10 of removing at least a impurity according to one embodiment of the invention from coal.
Fig. 2 shows the method 50 of removing at least a impurity according to another embodiment of the invention from coal.
Embodiment
As above general introduction, the disclosure comprises the method for removing at least a impurity from coal.Therefore, method of the present disclosure can be used for preparing ultra-clean coal.Term used herein " ultra-clean coal " is meant that ash oontent that coal has a reduction (for example, be lower than about 0.2%) and/or the sulphur content that reduces of essence, make coal can directly send into for example process of gas turbine process, and a plurality of advantages are provided, for example the thermo-efficiency of Ti Gaoing.Term used herein " ash content " is meant incombustible composition in the preceding coal of burning and the incombustible by product that is produced by coal combustion.The embodiment of method of removing at least a impurity from coal is in following description, and is illustrated among Fig. 1 and 2.Should be appreciated that, any system (for example, gas turbine system, as coal burning and gas burning turbine system, fine coal power station and integrate the gasification combined cycle system) coal (for example, ultra-clean coal) that all can use the embodiment by method of the present disclosure to provide.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment removing the method 10 of impurity from coal of the present disclosure.Method 10 at first provides the coal 12 that comprises plurality of impurities.The embodiment of method 10 can provide the coal 12 of hard coal, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, brown coal or its array configuration.
In some embodiments, impurity includes but not limited to oxide compound, mineral, inorganic and organosulfur compound, alkali (alkalis), ash content or its combination of aluminium, iron, potassium, calcium, sodium and other metals.In certain embodiments, impurity can about 2% weight be present in the coal 12 to the amount of about 50% weight.In other embodiments, impurity can about 3% weight be present in the coal 12 to the amount of about 8% weight.In another other embodiments, impurity can about 5% weight be present in the coal 12 to the amount of about 7% weight.
Table 1. is by the example of the scope of the chemical constitution of the flying dust of dissimilar coal generations
(representing) by % weight
Source: http://www.tfhrc.gov
Method 10 contacts coal 12 with first leaching vat 14 in first reactor 16.At least a impurity and first leaching vat 14 react, and dissolve in one or more first products of first leaching vat with generation.In certain embodiments, first leaching vat 14 can comprise acid solution.In some embodiments, first leaching vat 14 can be including but not limited to first reagent, as other strong acid of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, silicofluoric acid, its combination or dissolved oxygen thing.
First leaching vat 14 provides in following formula (I) with the example of at least a impurity reaction:
SiO 2+4HF→SiF 4+2H 2O (I)
In certain embodiments, first leaching vat 14 has first reactant density of about 3M to about 10M.In other embodiments, first leaching vat 14 has first reactant density of about 3M to about 6M.In another other embodiments, first leaching vat 14 has first reactant density of about 4M to about 6M.
In specific embodiments, joining first leaching vat 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 1 to about 10: 5.Except as otherwise noted, all are than being weight: weight ratio.In other particular, joining first leaching vat 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 2 to about 10: 4.In another other particular, joining first leaching vat 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 2.5 to about 10: 3.5.
In certain embodiments, first leaching vat 14 comprises and has about 3M to the hydrofluoric acid solution of about 10M hydrofluoric acid concentration.In other embodiments, first leaching vat 14 comprises and has about 3M to the hydrofluoric acid solution of about 6M hydrofluoric acid concentration.In another other embodiments, first leaching vat 14 comprises and has about 4M to the hydrofluoric acid solution of about 6M hydrofluoric acid concentration.In specific embodiments, joining the hydrofluoric acid solution 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 1 to about 10: 5.In other particular, joining the hydrofluoric acid solution 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 2 to about 10: 4.In another other particular, joining the hydrofluoric acid solution 14 of first reactor 16 and the weight ratio of coal 12 is about 10: 2.5 to about 10: 3.5.
In specific embodiments, coal 12 contacts about 1 hour to about 10 hours with first leaching vat 14 in first reactor 16.In other particular, coal 12 contacts about 3 hours to about 5 hours with first leaching vat 14 in first reactor 16.In another other particular, coal 12 contacts about 4 hours to about 5 hours with first leaching vat 14 in first reactor 16.
In specific embodiments, coal 12 contacts to about 200 ℉ temperature at about 70 ℉ at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.In other particular, coal 12 contacts to about 170 ℉ temperature at about 110 ℉ at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.In another other particular, coal 12 contacts to about 160 ℉ temperature at about 140 ℉ at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.
In specific embodiments, coal 12 contacts to about 1000psia pressure at about 14psia at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.In other particular, coal 12 contacts to about 42psia pressure at about 14psia at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.In another other particular, coal 12 contacts to about 20psia pressure at about 14psia at first reactor 16 with first leaching vat 14.
In certain embodiments, described one or more first products comprise one or more fluorochemicals, hydroxyfluoride, oxyhydroxide or its combination.Comprise in the embodiment of one or more fluorochemicals at first product, fluorochemical can be selected from silicon fluoride, aluminum fluoride, ferric fluoride, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), Potassium monofluoride or its combination.
Method 10 also comprises neutralization composition 18 is joined first leaching vat 14, makes the reaction of the neutralization composition and first leaching vat generate precipitation.By neutralization composition 18 being joined first leaching vat 14 any unreacted first reagent in first leaching vat (that is, not with excessive first reagent of at least a impurity reaction) that neutralizes.
In some embodiments, neutralization composition 18 comprises the neutralization reaction agent, and described neutralization reaction agent comprises calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, any other alkali or its combination.In certain embodiments, first leaching vat comprises hydrofluoric acid solution, and neutralization composition comprises calcium hydroxide, and precipitation comprises Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), and described one or more third products comprise calcium ion, nitrate ion or its combination.
In certain embodiments, with first leaching vat contacts about 1 hour to about 10 hours in first reactor 16 after, neutralization composition 18 is joined first leaching vat 14 at coal 12.In other particular, with first leaching vat contacts about 3 hours to about 5 hours in first reactor 16 after, neutralization composition 18 is joined first leaching vat 14 at coal 12.In another other particular, with first leaching vat contacts about 4 hours to about 5 hours in first reactor 16 after, neutralization composition 18 is joined first leaching vat 14 at coal 12.
In certain embodiments, neutralization composition 18 has the neutralization reaction agent concentration of about 1M to about 10M.In other embodiments, neutralization composition 18 has the neutralization reaction agent concentration of about 1M to about 4M.In another other embodiments, neutralization composition 18 has the neutralization reaction agent concentration of about 2M to about 3M.
Method 10 also comprises makes at least a portion first leaching vat 14 from coal 12 and precipitate and separate.By at least a portion first leaching vat 14 is separated from coal 12, at least a portion first product also separates from coal, because they dissolve in first leaching vat.Therefore, in specific embodiments, comprise all first products basically all first leaching vats 14 can be from coal 12 and precipitate and separate basically.In method shown in Figure 1 10, first leaching vat 14, coal 12 and precipitation are transported to filter drum 22 from first reactor 16 as slurry 20.Filter drum 22 filters slurry 20, so that coal separates from first leaching vat 24 as wet coal 26 with precipitation.
The coal 26 that will wet is then delivered to second reactor 30, contacts with second leaching vat 28 with precipitation at this coal 12.Second leaching vat 28 and at least a impurity and precipitin reaction are to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively.Second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat 28.In certain embodiments, second leaching vat 28 can comprise nitrate solution.
Second leaching vat 28 provides at following formula (II) with (III) with the example of at least a impurity reaction:
FeS 2+14Fe(NO 3) 3+8H 2O→(II)
2SO 4 2-+16H ++15Fe 2++42NO 3-
Figure BSA00000240603800072
In certain embodiments, second leaching vat 28 comprises second reagent, includes but not limited to nitric acid, aluminum nitrate, iron nitrate, fluorine nitrate, other nitrate, oxyhydroxide, hydroxyfluoride, subnitrate, its ion or its combination.In some embodiments of described method, described one or more second products comprise nitrate ion, sulfate ion, iron ion, hydroxyfluoride, oxide compound, fluorine nitrate or its combination.In specific embodiments, described one or more third products comprise calcium ion or its combination.
In specific embodiments, second leaching vat 28 has second reactant density of about 0.1M to about 5M.In other particular, second leaching vat 28 has second reactant density of about 0.1M to about 0.4M.In another other particular, second leaching vat 28 has second reactant density of about 0.3M to about 0.4M.
In certain embodiments, joining second leaching vat 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 1 to about 10: 5.In other embodiments, joining second leaching vat 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 2 to about 10: 4.In another other embodiments, joining second leaching vat 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 2.5 to about 10: 3.5.
In specific embodiments, second leaching vat 28 comprises and has about 0.1M to the salpeter solution of about 5M concentration of nitric acid.In other particular, second leaching vat 28 comprises and has about 0.1M to the salpeter solution of about 0.4M concentration of nitric acid.In another other particular, second leaching vat 28 comprises and has about 0.2M to the salpeter solution of about 0.3M concentration of nitric acid.In certain embodiments, joining the salpeter solution 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 1 to about 10: 5.In other embodiments, joining the salpeter solution 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 2 to about 10: 4.In another other embodiments, joining the salpeter solution 28 of second reactor 30 and the weight ratio of wet coal 26 is about 10: 2.5 to about 10: 3.5.
According to some embodiment of the present disclosure, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact about 20 hours to about 30 hours.In other particular, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact about 22 hours to about 26 hours.
In specific embodiments, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 190 ℉ temperature at about 70 ℉.In other particular, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 190 ℉ temperature at about 150 ℉.In another other particular, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 160 ℉ temperature at about 140 ℉.
In specific embodiments, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 100psia pressure at about 14.4psia.In other particular, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 43psia pressure at about 14.4psia.In another other particular, second leaching vat 28 and coal be deposited in second reactor 30 in contact to about 28psia pressure at about 14.4psia.
Method 10 also comprises makes at least a portion second leaching vat 28 separate from coal.By at least a portion second leaching vat 28 is separated from coal, at least a portion second product also separates from coal with at least a portion third product, because they dissolve in second leaching vat.Therefore, in specific embodiments, comprise basically all second products and can separate from coal with all second leaching vats 28 basically of all third products basically.In method shown in Figure 1 10, second leaching vat 28 and coal are transported to filter drum 34 from second reactor 30 as slurry 32.Filter drum 34 filters slurry 32, so that wet coal 38 separates from second leaching vat 36.
Method 10 can further be included in and wash wet coal 38 in the water washing device 40 with water, to remove any residual reaction agent or product from coal.Washing coal 42 can be transferred to the coal dryer (not shown) by the conveying belt (not shown), and coal dryer is further used as strainer and removes water from coal.
In the particular of washing coal 42, ash content can exist less than the amount of about 0.2% weight.In some embodiment of method 10, ash content is present in the washing coal 42 with the amount of about 0.01% weight to about 0.5% weight.In other embodiments of method 10, ash content is present in the washing coal 42 with the amount of about 0.01% weight to about 0.2% weight.
In specific embodiments, described method also is included in and stirs first leaching vat in first reactor, stirs second leaching vat or both in second reactor.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of removing the method 50 of impurity from coal.The similar numeral number of analogous element among Fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in Figure 2, neutralization composition 18 joins unreacted first leaching vat 54, rather than joins first reactor 16 in the method as shown in Figure 1 10 like that.Therefore, in this embodiment, first leaching vat 12 and coal 14 are transported to filter drum 22 from first reactor 16 as slurry 52.Filter drum 22 filters slurry 52, so that unreacted first leaching vat 54 separates from wet coal 56.Neutralization composition 18 joins unreacted first leaching vat 54, and neutralization composition and unreacted first leaching vat reaction generation precipitation.
Unreacted first leaching vat 54 of at least a portion is separated into through neutral first leaching vat 62 from precipitating 60 by filtration unit 58.Precipitating 60 then contacts in the nitrate reaction device together with wet coal 56 with second leaching vat 28.Second leaching vat 28 and at least a impurity and precipitation 60 reactions are to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively.Second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat 28.
(not shown) in for the embodiment of choosing, described method can be carried out in intermittent process in a reaction chamber, to avoid using a plurality of reactors, a plurality of strainer and handling equipment (for example pump and conveying belt) relevant cost and space requirement.In addition, reduce the outer coal of reactor and expose, therefore reduce coal losses and avoid the danger relevant with the conveying of chemical substance.
By neutralization composition being joined first leaching vat in first reactor, or add from isolating unreacted first leaching vat of coal, the precipitation of generation is contacted with second leaching vat, reduce or remove excessive unreacted reagent from the coal of all the other processes and generation, as hydrofluoric acid.Therefore, reduce the possibility be exposed to hazardous chemical,,, rather than be transported to second reactor with coal because it is neutralized as other acid of hydrofluoric acid or use.In addition, reactor volume can reduce, and this process can in a continuous manner rather than intermittently or in the semi-batch process carried out.
Should be clearly, aforementioned preferred embodiment that relates to the application, those skilled in the art can carry out a lot of changes and improvements under the of the present invention common spirit and scope that do not break away from following claim and quite limit.
Component list
10 methods
12 coals
14 first leaching vats
16 first reactors
18 neutralization composition
20 slurries
22 filter drums
24 first leaching vats
26 wet coals
28 second leaching vats
30 second reactors
32 slurries
34 filter drums
36 second leaching vats
38 wet coals
40 water washing devices
42 washing coals
50 methods
52 slurries
54 unreacted first leaching vats
56 wet coals
58 filtration units
60 precipitations
62 through neutral first leaching vat

Claims (10)

1. remove the method (10) of at least a impurity from coal (12) for one kind, described method (10) comprising:
Coal with plurality of impurities (12) is provided;
Coal (12) is contacted with first leaching vat (14), and wherein first leaching vat (14) reacts with at least a impurity, dissolves in one or more first products of first leaching vat (14) with generation;
Neutralization composition (18) is joined first leaching vat (14), and wherein neutralization composition (18) generates precipitation with first leaching vat (14) reaction;
Make at least a portion first leaching vat (24) from coal (26) and precipitate and separate; And
Coal (26) is contacted with second leaching vat (28) with precipitation, wherein second leaching vat (28) and at least a impurity and precipitin reaction, to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively, second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat (28); And
At least a portion second leaching vat (36) is separated from coal (38).
2. the method for claim 1 (10), wherein neutralization composition (18) comprises calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or its combination.
3. the method for claim 1 (10), wherein neutralization composition (18) has the neutralization reaction agent concentration of about 1M to about 10M.
4. the method for claim 1 (10), wherein first leaching vat (14) comprises hydrofluoric acid solution, salpeter solution, hydrochloric acid soln, silicate fluoride solution or its combination.
5. the method for claim 1 (10), wherein second leaching vat (28) comprises nitric acid, aluminum nitrate, iron nitrate, fluorine nitrate, oxyhydroxide, hydroxyfluoride, subnitrate, its ion or its combination.
6. remove the method (50) of at least a impurity from coal (12) for one kind, described method (50) comprising:
Coal with plurality of impurities (12) is provided;
Coal (12) is contacted with first leaching vat (14), and wherein first leaching vat (14) reacts with at least a impurity, dissolves in one or more first products of first leaching vat (14) with generation;
At least a portion first leaching vat (14) is separated from coal (26) as unreacted first leaching vat (54);
Neutralization composition (18) is joined unreacted first leaching vat (54), and wherein neutralization composition (18) generates precipitation with unreacted first leaching vat (54) reaction;
Make unreacted first leaching vat of at least a portion (62) from precipitate and separate;
Coal (26) is contacted with second leaching vat (18) with precipitation, wherein second leaching vat (18) and at least a impurity and precipitin reaction, to generate one or more second products and one or more third products respectively, second product and third product dissolve in second leaching vat (18); And
At least a portion second leaching vat (18) is separated from coal (26).
7. the method for claim 6 (50), wherein neutralization composition (18) comprises calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or its combination.
8. the method for claim 6 (50), wherein first leaching vat (14) comprises hydrofluoric acid solution, and neutralization composition (18) comprises calcium hydroxide, and described precipitation comprises Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), and described one or more third products comprise calcium ion, nitrate ion or its combination.
9. the method for claim 6 (50), wherein first leaching vat (14) comprises hydrofluoric acid solution, salpeter solution, hydrochloric acid soln, silicate fluoride solution or its combination.
10. the method for claim 6 (50), wherein second leaching vat (28) comprises nitric acid, aluminum nitrate, iron nitrate, fluorine nitrate, oxyhydroxide, hydroxyfluoride, subnitrate, its ion or its combination.
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Application publication date: 20110330