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CN101984024B - 复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备 - Google Patents

复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备 Download PDF

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CN101984024B
CN101984024B CN2010105347528A CN201010534752A CN101984024B CN 101984024 B CN101984024 B CN 101984024B CN 2010105347528 A CN2010105347528 A CN 2010105347528A CN 201010534752 A CN201010534752 A CN 201010534752A CN 101984024 B CN101984024 B CN 101984024B
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coal
storehouse
material decomposition
gas
kiln body
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CN101984024A (zh
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朱书成
王希彬
曹国超
李金峰
李仿
李文生
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Henan Dragon into Coal Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Xixia Longcheng Special Material Co Ltd
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Priority to US13/814,103 priority patent/US8834682B2/en
Priority to AU2010363909A priority patent/AU2010363909B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/078998 priority patent/WO2012062003A1/zh
Priority to CA2806969A priority patent/CA2806969C/en
Priority to EA201300511A priority patent/EA025539B1/ru
Priority to EP10859544.8A priority patent/EP2639285A4/en
Priority to UAA201301293A priority patent/UA103583C2/ru
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，包括一个设置进煤口、出煤口的密封回转窑体，所述窑体内设置煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管上设置两道并行螺旋，所述两道并行螺旋将窑体内空间分为加热气仓和煤物质分解仓，所述煤分解气收集管通过设置在煤物质分解仓内的导气孔与煤物质分解仓连通。由于本发明将窑体内分为彼此隔离的加热气仓和煤物质分解仓，加热气内大量的高热气体将热量传导、辐射到煤物质分解仓内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，并在煤物质分解仓内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤。

Description

复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备
技术领域
本发明属于煤物质综合利用、节能减排技术领域，具体涉及一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备。
背景技术
在公知技术中，有利用煤制煤气的，有利用煤制天然气的，还有利用煤进行高温、中温、低温炼焦、制气的，但上述工艺方法不是将煤粉团成块的，就是要筛选块料，原料成本增加，或所产气热值不高，附加值不大，经济效益和社会效益不显著。炉的加热方式可分为外热式、内热式及内热外热混合式。外热式炉的加热介质与原料不直接接触，热量由炉壁传入；内热式炉的加热介质与原料直接接触，因加热介质的不同而有固体热载体法和气体热载体法两种。
当前，常用的煤分解设备主要是有两种，有一种是竖窑结构，该结构燃烧烟气和煤产生的可燃性气体，使得可燃气的纯度低，附加值低，还有部分排出，造成资源的大量浪费和环境的污染。另一种立窑是煤块放置在带孔的隔板上，煤块上方有加热器，因隔板上的煤块有一定的堆积厚度，不能被均匀加热、分解，需要用被分解的气体循环加热、分解，更为重要的是，因为煤隔板上循环通气孔的大量存在，煤粉会从通气孔漏下来，所以煤粉需要进入立窑时先需要将煤粉加工成煤团，所以煤粉不能直接用于窑体分离，这就相应地增加了煤粉分解的成本，降低了经济效益。
有一种煤物质分解设备，包括一个带有进料口和出料口的密闭窑体，所述窑体内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道，所述窑体上设置与煤物质推进分解通道连通的煤分解气收集管，在实际工艺中，这种密排管道在工艺十分复杂，而且因为是热辐射为主的形式，热传递的效果欠佳。另一种情况，在窑体内部设置密排煤物质分解管道，管道外部设置高温加热仓，这种方式首先的推进煤的管道工艺也很复杂，另外推进结构与管道不容易密封衔接，热交换也难以充分。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述工艺及方法中存在的问题，提出了一种更为快速地将煤粉物质分离、更为安全、工艺更简单、热交换率更高的复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备。
一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，包括一个设置进煤口、出煤口的密封回转窑体，所述窑体内设置煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管上设置两道并行螺旋，所述螺旋的内沿与煤分解气收集管紧密连接，外沿与窑体内壁紧密连接，所述两道并行螺旋将窑体内空间分为加热气仓和煤物质分解仓，所述加热气仓与加热机构连接，并设置加热气导出口，所述煤物质分解仓与进煤口连接，另一端设置出煤口，所述煤分解气收集管通过设置在煤物质分解仓内的导气孔与煤物质分解仓连通。
所述加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧室。
所述气体加热机构为电加热机构。
所述螺旋上设置导热片。
由于本发明在窑体内设置煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管上设置两道并行螺旋，将窑体内分为彼此隔离的加热气仓和煤物质分解仓，加热气内大量的高热气体与煤物质分解仓交错复合并通过螺旋面接触，将热量传导、辐射到煤物质分解仓内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，并在煤物质分解仓内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，煤分解气通过带孔的煤分解气收集管有效快速收集，并在导出窑体后，进入后处理程序。本发明窑体通过转动，带动两道螺旋，并使煤物质分解仓内的煤物质向前推进，高利用率的窑内螺旋分布方式，提高了投料量和出料速率。通过双螺旋复合分割窑内空间的方式，提高了煤物质在高温加热气体氛围内的活动路径，提高了加热气仓和煤物质分解仓的接触面积和热吸收的效率，带来了更为充分的分解效果。对煤物质进行加热的气体，以气体的形式循环对窑体内的煤进行加热，一方面热能进一步充分利用，提高了热量的利用率，降低了热损耗，另外也降低了废气的排放量。本发明公开的装置将粉煤快速高效地分解分离，充分节约和利用了能源，大大地提高了煤资源的利用率和利用水平，将为整个社会带来了大量的经济效益和社会效益。
附图说明：
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明：
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明窑体进料端给料和给高热气结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
实施例一：
如图1所示：一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，包括一个设置进煤口2、出煤口3的密封回转窑体1，所述窑体1内设置煤分解气收集管10，所述煤分解气收集管10上设置两道并行螺旋11，所述螺旋11的内沿与煤分解气收集管10紧密连接，外沿与窑体1内壁紧密连接，所述两道并行螺旋11将窑体1内空间分为加热气仓5和煤物质分解仓4，所述加热气仓5与加热机构连接，并设置加热气导出口9，所述煤物质分解仓4与进煤口2连接，另一端设置出煤口3，所述煤分解气收集管10通过设置在煤物质分解仓4内的导气孔12与煤物质分解仓4连通。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管6、空气供应管7和燃烧室8。所述螺旋上设置导热片以提高两仓间的导热性能。
实施例二：
一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，包括一个设置进煤口2、出煤口3的密封回转窑体1，所述窑体1内设置煤分解气收集管10，所述煤分解气收集管10上设置两道并行螺旋11，所述螺旋11的内沿与煤分解气收集管10紧密连接，外沿与窑体1内壁紧密连接，所述两道并行螺旋11将窑体1内空间分为加热气仓5和煤物质分解仓4，所述加热气仓5与加热机构连接，并设置加热气导出口9，所述煤物质分解仓4与进煤口2连接，另一端设置出煤口3，所述煤分解气收集管10通过设置在煤物质分解仓4内的导气孔12与煤物质分解仓4连通。所述气体加热机构为电加热机构。所述螺旋上设置导热片以提高两仓的导热性能。
该窑体内密封进料、进热气的方式有很多种，可以如图2所示：窑体1的端面上设置密封配煤口40，所述密封配煤口40与煤物质分解仓4连通，进煤口2与密封配煤口40密封配合；窑体1的端面上设置密封配气口50，所述密封配气口50与加热气仓5连通，燃烧室8与密封配气口50密封配合。密封配煤口40、密封配气口50不再同一个圆周上。

Claims (4)

1.一种复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，包括一个设置进煤口、出煤口的密封回转窑体，其特征在于：所述窑体内设置煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管上设置两道并行螺旋，所述螺旋的内沿与煤分解气收集管紧密连接，外沿与窑体内壁紧密连接，所述两道并行螺旋将窑体内空间分为加热气仓和煤物质分解仓，所述加热气仓与加热机构连接，并设置加热气导出口，所述煤物质分解仓与进煤口连接，另一端设置出煤口，所述煤分解气收集管通过设置在煤物质分解仓内的导气孔与煤物质分解仓连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧室。
3.如权利要求1所述的复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述气体加热机构为电加热机构。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的复合螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述螺旋上设置导热片。
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AU2010363909A AU2010363909B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 Coal material decomposing device with screw-type cabin
PCT/CN2010/078998 WO2012062003A1 (zh) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 螺旋仓式煤物质分解设备
CA2806969A CA2806969C (en) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 Coal material decomposing device with screw-type cabin
US13/814,103 US8834682B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 Coal material decomposition apparatus with combined screw-type bins
EA201300511A EA025539B1 (ru) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 Устройство для разложения угля с комбинированными шнековыми бункерами
EP10859544.8A EP2639285A4 (en) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 DEVICE FOR DECOMPOSING CHARCOAL MATERIAL USING SCREW CAB
UAA201301293A UA103583C2 (ru) 2010-11-08 2010-11-23 Устройство для расщепления с комбинированными шнековыми бункерами
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