CN101982251B - Multidirectional load bearing prestressed wire winding pre-tightening frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a prestressed steel wire winding pretensioning frame bearing multi-directional loads, which belongs to the technical field of heavy pressure processing equipment. The pre-tensioning frame includes at least three sections of circular arc beams equal in number and opposite to the pressing reaction force, and at least three straight section beams. The outer circular arc contours of the two circular arc beams are tangent to form a frame, and the prestressed steel wire is wound on the outer peripheral contour of the frame. The present invention rationally arranges a structure composed of circular arc beams and straight beams on the outer peripheral contour of the load-bearing frame, so that prestressed steel wires are wound to generate pre-tightening forces in multiple directions, so as to balance the multi-directional pressing reaction force, so that the frame can Bear multi-directional loads without the need for tension members through the structure, thereby avoiding structural interference problems.

Description

A kind of compressor wire that bears multi-load twines preloaded housing

Technical field

The invention belongs to employed bearing structure in the heavy pressworking equipment field, particularly a kind of compressor wire that can bear multi-load twines frame.

Background technology

Indication of the present invention can bear the frame of multi-load, be heavy pressworking equipment, refer in particular to by more than 2 directions simultaneously or substep workpiece is applied the equipment of press power.

Pressworking equipment acts on workpiece with certain press power or mould is finished processing, such as various forging equipments, pressing equipment, rolling equipment and die casting equipment etc.The wirking pressure process equipment have two be parallel to each other, the press power of opposite direction acts on simultaneously, (as: with hydraulic jack, toggle or forging hammer strike etc.) that one of them normally initiatively applies, and another counter-force of the passive generation of workbench (initiatively apply but also have, as counter-blow hammer etc.) normally.These two power are active force and reaction force each other, and by the mutual balance (but the strike counter-force of flat-die hammer is to be delivered on the ground by frame) of bearing structure (frame).

Some processing technology requires the compacting of two above directions in addition, such as radial forging, the forging of multi-ram forging peace etc., these press powers also need by bearing structure (frame) balance, when particularly press power is larger, more need heavy framework for support to come balance, and the reaction force of press power is limited in inside configuration, be not applied to surrounding environment (such as ground).

The structure of bearing multi-load has two kinds of principal modes usually: a kind of is the effect that single bearing structure bears multi-load simultaneously, structure can be non-pretension, it also can be pretension, but pretightning force is only in a pair of main direction, and other direction does not have pretightning force, and this structure is when the multi-load synergy, each load will superpose at the stress that bearing structure produces, cause the local stress of structure to increase sharply, so claimed structure has very large bearing capacity, otherwise destroy easily.For large-scale, heavy multidirectional pressworking equipment, such as multi-ram forging hydraulic press, radial forging etc., its Design and manufacture difficulty is larger.

Another kind is to have several absolute construction (frame) to carry respectively the compacting counter-force of a pair of opposite direction, for example: for the multi-ram forging hydraulic press, a Vertical Rack bears a pair of compacting counter-force of vertical direction, and another horizontal type level frame is born a pair of compacting counter-force of horizontal direction.Be independent of each other when two of vertical direction and horizontal direction frames are carried like this, do not have stress stack problem, can manufacture and design according to the requirement of common frame.But the structure of these independent rack will converge and run through machining area, and structure be very easy to be interfered in limited space, or surround around, structure increases; Or staggered running through, mutually weaken.Therefore, no matter the Design and manufacture of large-scale multidirectional press device is to adopt single bearing structure or adopt several independent bearing structures, and the Design and manufacture difficulty is all very large.

The thinking that solves this engineering roadblock is to avoid under the prerequisite of constructive interference, apply the multidirectional pretightning force corresponding with multi-load, by the stress of change structure, the harmful effect that the stress stack that elimination load produces causes structure, the bearing capacity of raising single structure.But produce multidirectional pretightning force for avoiding constructive interference occurring or weaken phenomenon, can not adopt mutually to run through method.

Common compressor wire twine frame only bear two be parallel to each other, the load of opposite direction, the circular arc of its outline concentrates on the lower and upper cross-member, and the column outline is the straight line that is parallel to loading direction.Most typical lower and upper cross-member structure is semicircle ellbeam, arched girder or inner concave beam etc., and the outline of beam all is 180 ° semicircle; And some deformed beam, such as triangular beam etc., the profile of beam by two sections or three sections circular arcs and between rectilinear(-al), the circular arc radian sum that steel wire is walked around on each crossbeam is 180 °, equals two times steel wire tension after its pretightning force is cumulative along each arc section integration.Above-mentioned feature shows that the pretightning force that common compressor wire twines frame all concentrates on the lower and upper cross-member, is parallel to a pair of compacting counter-force of column direction with balance, and does not possess the pretightning force that produces on a plurality of directions, the feature of the multidirectional compacting counter-force of balance.

Need to prove, the outline that some compressor wire twines the lower and upper cross-member of frame is comprised of multi-section circular arc or elliptic arc, because the total angle that steel wire is walked around is 180 °, the pretightning force that steel wire produces also equals 2 times steel wire tension, do not possess equally the pretightning force that produces on a plurality of directions, the feature of the multidirectional compacting counter-force of balance.

Also the column outline of some compressor wire winding frame is comprised of one section radius circular arc large, that central angle is very little, its objective is that the steel wire that makes pillar segment possesses a very little lateral pressure, to prevent steel wire torsion, guarantees that steel wire arranging is neat.This frame is because the circular arc radian of pillar segment is less, and circular arc is distributed on the whole column, and steel wire is little and disperse to the pressure of profile, does not therefore also possess on a plurality of directions of generation, the pretightning force of mutually perpendicular direction particularly is with the feature of balance compacting counter-force.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compressor wire that can bear multi-load and twine frame, can produce the pretightning force on a plurality of directions, to have the characteristics of the multidirectional compacting counter-force of balance.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

A kind of compressor wire that bears multi-load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing, it is characterized in that: the circumferential profile that described compressor wire twines multidirectional preloaded housing comprises at least three sections equal with compacting counter-force quantity, that direction is relative arc beams and at least three sections straight section beams, the alternate layout with the straight section beam of described arc beams, and the external arc profile of the outline of described straight section beam and adjacent two arc beams is tangent, form frame, and twine compressor wire in the circumferential profile of described frame.

In the technique scheme, be further characterized in that: the interior profile of described straight section beam contains one section straightway parallel with the direction of motion of compacting counter-force at least.

The compressor wire that another kind provided by the invention bears multi-load twines preloaded housing, it is characterized in that: the circumferential profile that described compressor wire twines multidirectional preloaded housing comprises four sections equal with compacting counter-force quantity, that direction is relative arc beams and four sections straight section beams, these four arc beams adopt offset orthogonal to arrange, the circular arc symmetry axis that is adjacent arc beams is mutually vertical, and the circular arc symmetry axis of relative arc beams overlaps and central angle equates; The alternate layout with the straight section beam of described arc beams, and the external arc profile of the outline of described straight section beam and adjacent two arc beams is tangent, forms frame, and twine compressor wire in the circumferential profile of described frame; Sine and the steel wire of each arc beams center of circle half-angle are proportional in the pretightning force that arc beams produces.

Technical characterictic of the present invention also is: independent when processing the composition preloaded housing when adopting arc beams and straight section beam separate, the arc radius of the arc beams by the point of contact is as the boundary line of cutting apart of arc beams and straight section beam.

The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: the present invention is by reasonably arranging the structure of arc beams and linear beam combination on the preloaded housing circumferential profile, make compressor wire twine the pretightning force that produces on a plurality of directions, with the multidirectional compacting counter-force of balance, make frame can bear multi-load and without the need for the strain component that runs through structure, thereby avoided the structure interference problem.

Can produce the pretightning force on a plurality of directions, thereby have the characteristics of the multidirectional compacting counter-force of balance.Steel wire does not change direction at the straight line portion of outline, profile is not produced pressure, does not produce pretightning force; And at the circular arc portion of outline, steel wire has changed direction, will produce surface pressure to profile, and size and the steel wire tension of surface pressure are proportional, are inverse ratio with arc radius.This surface pressure is along the pretightning force that to be exactly steel wire winding produce at this section circular arc of making a concerted effort of arc section integration, and direction then is parallel to the symmetry axis (being the angular bisector of this section circular arc central angle) of this section circular arc.Like this as long as at ad-hoc location arc profile and outline of straight line are set, pretightning force size and the multidirectional pre-pressing structure of azimuth design that just can be as required, improve structure and born the ability of multidirectional compacting load, and do not needed to run through the strain component of structure, avoided the structure interference problem.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear four direction load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear three direction load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear five direction load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear offset orthogonal load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing.

Among the figure: the 1-arc beams; 2-straight section beam; The 3-compressor wire; The 4-straightway; 5-crosses the arc radius at point of contact; The upper arc beams of 6-; The left arc beams of 7-; Arc beams under the 8-; The right arc beams of 9-; The 10-horizontal axis; The 11-vertical axis.

The specific embodiment

A kind of compressor wire that bears multi-load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing, its circumferential profile comprises at least three sections equal with compacting counter-force quantity, that direction is relative arc beams 1 and at least three sections straight section beams 2, the external arc profile of the outline of straight section beam and adjacent two arc beams is tangent, the alternate layout with the straight section beam of described arc beams, form frame, and twine compressor wire 3 in the circumferential profile of described frame.Namely the counter-force direction at each press power arranges one section arc beams, and the radian of arc beams can big or small or corresponding press power and the pretension coefficient magnitude of pretightning force as requested be determined.The radian sum of all circular arcs should equal 360 ° or 2 π.

And contain at least one section straightway parallel with the direction of motion of compacting counter-force on the interior profile of straight section beam, as guiding or support guide structure.

According to the processing and manufacturing ability, this preloaded housing can be that whole continuous material processes, and also can be that the polylith combination of materials forms.Independent when processing the composition preloaded housing when adopting arc beams and straight section beam separate, the arc radius of the arc beams by the point of contact is as the boundary line of cutting apart of arc beams and straight section beam.Make like this pretension shearing force minimum on the faying face between each beam, the processing of arc beams and straight section beam is all than being easier to simultaneously.

Below by several specific embodiments principle of the present invention and structure are described further.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear four direction load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing, the circumferential profile that this compressor wire twines multidirectional preloaded housing comprises that four equate with compacting counter-force quantity, the arc beams 1 that direction is relative, be that the straight section beam 2 of straight line connects by outline between two arc beams, the external arc profile of the outline of described straight section beam and adjacent two arc beams is tangent, namely by four arcs beam 1 and four sections straight section beam 2 alternate combining, their faying face is by the arc radius 5 through the point of contact, form frame, and twine compressor wire 3 in the circumferential profile of frame, and the interior profile of straight section beam contains one section straightway 4 parallel with the direction of motion of compacting counter-force, as guiding or support guide structure.

For structure shown in Figure 1, four pretightning force directions that produce are passed through respectively the center of circle of four arcs, and the symmetry axis (being the angular bisector of this section circular arc central angle) of section circular arc overlaps therewith, i.e. P among Fig. 1 _C1, P _C2, P _C3, P _C4Twine principle according to prestressing force, the pretightning force size P that winding steel wire produces at arc section _CiWith this section circular arc radian α _iThe pass be:

Wherein T is total tension force of steel wire floor.And pretightning force P _CiWith corresponding compacting counter-force F _iThe pass be: P _Ci=η _iF _i, η wherein _iIt is the pretension coefficient of i direction.Then have:

$T=\frac{{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_i{F}_i}{2\sin \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i}{2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P\; ci"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{2\sin \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i}{2}}---\left(1\right)$

Because the total tension force of steel wire floor equates at whole profile, so have:

$\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; c"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png,HSA00000262827400021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_c}{\sin \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1}{2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P\; c"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_c}{\sin \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2}{2}}=...=\frac{P_{\mathrm{ci}}}{\sin \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i}{2}}---\left(2\right)$

In addition, establish the angle theta of adjacent two pretightning forces (or compacting counter-force) direction _{I, i+1}Radian α with adjacent two sections circular arcs _iAnd α _I+1Following relation is arranged:

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i,i+1}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{i+1}}{2}---\left(3\right)$

Just can by known multidirectional compacting counter-force size, direction and the pretension coefficient that needs, calculate the central angle of each arc section and total tension force of winding steel wire layer according to formula (1), (2) and (3) like this.

Shown in Figure 2 is the structural representation that can bear the compressor wire winding preloaded housing of three direction compacting counter-forces, and compressor wire 3 is wrapped on three sections arc beams 1, produces respectively the pretightning force of three directions, that is: P _C1, P _C2, P _C3Its structure is that their faying face is by the arc radius 5 through the point of contact by three sections arc beams 1 and three sections straight section beam 2 alternate combining.The interior profile of straight section beam has at least a straightway 4 parallel with the direction of motion of compacting counter-force, as guiding or the support guide structure of compacting motion.The radian of its each section circular arc and steel wire tension can be by formula (1), (2) and (3), and the pretension coefficient calculations of suppressing size, direction and the needs of counter-force according to known three-dimensional obtains.

Shown in Figure 3 is the structural representation that can bear the compressor wire winding preloaded housing of five direction compacting counter-forces, and compressor wire 3 is wrapped on five sections arc beams 1, produces respectively five direction pretightning forces, that is: P _C1, P _C2, P _C3, P _C4, P _C5Its architectural feature is that their faying face is by the arc radius 5 through the point of contact by five sections arc beams 1 and five sections straight section beam 2 alternate combining.The interior profile of straight section beam has the direction of motion parallel (among Fig. 3 4) of a straightway and compacting counter-force at least, as compacting motion guide or support guide structure.The radian of its each section circular arc and steel wire tension can by formula (1), (2) and (3), go out to obtain according to the five known pretension coefficient calculations to size, direction and the needs of suppressing counter-force.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation that a kind of compressor wire that can bear offset orthogonal load provided by the invention twines preloaded housing, the circumferential profile of this preloaded housing comprises four sections equal with compacting counter-force quantity, that direction is relative arc beams (comprising upper arc beams 6, left arc beams 7, lower arc beams 8 and right arc beams 9) and four sections straight section beams 2, these four arc beams adopt offset orthogonal to arrange, the circular arc symmetry axis that is adjacent arc beams is mutually vertical, and the circular arc symmetry axis of relative arc beams overlaps and central angle equates; The alternate layout with the straight section beam of described arc beams, and the external arc profile of the outline of described straight section beam and adjacent two arc beams is tangent, forms frame, and twine compressor wire 3 in the circumferential profile of described frame; Sine and the steel wire of each arc beams center of circle half-angle are proportional in the pretightning force that arc beams produces.This embodiment can bear simultaneously compressor wire vertical and four non-centrosymmetry direction compactings of level counter-force and twine preloaded housing, is characterized in wherein a pair of compacting counter-force (level compacting counter-force: F ₂And F ₄) and pretightning force (P _C2And P _C4) axis (level compacting axis 10) perpendicular to another compacting counter-force (is vertically suppressed counter-force: F ₁And F ₃) and pretightning force (P _C1And P _C3) axis (vertical axis 11), and near one of them (F ₃).For guaranteeing prestressed balance, that the central angle of the arc beams that direction is relative still keeps is equal (that is: α ₁=α ₃, α ₂=α ₄), and the arc radius of arc beams is larger near lower arc beams 8 arc radius of horizontal axis 10 owing to the compacting axis bias, and less away from upper arc beams 6 arc radius of horizontal axis 10; All equate with central angle and the radius of vertical axis 11 equidistant left arc beams 7 and right arc beams 9 simultaneously.Straight section beam 2 length that are connected with upper arc beams 6 are longer, and the straight section beam length that is connected with lower arc beams 8 is shorter.The circular arc symmetry axis of upper arc beams 6 and lower arc beams 8 overlaps with vertical compacting axis 11, and the circular arc symmetry axis of left arc beams 7 and right arc beams 9 and level compacting axis 10 overlaps, and vertical with vertical compacting axis 11.That is:

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{1,2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2}{2}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2},$ Get for people's formula (2):

$\tan \frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1}{2}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="F"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png,HSA00000262827400021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="F"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_2}=\frac{P_{c1}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P\; c"\; filenames="HSA00000262827400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_c}$

Then according to known vertical direction and the ratio of horizontal direction compacting counter-force and the ratio of vertical direction and horizontal direction pretension coefficient, just can calculate the radian of each circular arc.

Claims (4)

1. A prestressed steel wire winding pretensioning frame bearing multi-directional loads, characterized in that: the outer peripheral profile of the prestressing steel wire winding pretensioning frame includes at least three circles equal in number to the pressing reaction force and opposite in direction An arc beam (1) and at least three straight section beams (2), the arc beams and straight section beams are arranged alternately, and the outer contour of the straight section beams is the same as the outer circle of two adjacent arc beams. The arc profile is tangent to form a frame, and the prestressed steel wire (3) is wound on the outer peripheral profile of the frame. 2. A prestressed steel wire winding pretensioning frame bearing multi-directional loads according to claim 1, wherein the inner profile of the straight beam at least includes a straight section parallel to the movement direction of the pressing reaction force. 3. A prestressed steel wire winding pretensioning frame bearing multidirectional loads, characterized in that: the outer peripheral profile of the prestressing steel wire winding pretensioning frame includes four sections of circular arcs that are equal in number to the pressing reaction force and opposite in direction Beam (1) and four straight beams (2), the four arc beams are arranged in an offset orthogonal manner, that is, the arc symmetry axes of adjacent arc beams are perpendicular to each other, and the arc symmetry of the relative arc beam The axes are coincident and the central angles are equal; the arc beams and the straight beams are alternately arranged, and the outer contour of the straight beams is tangent to the outer arc contours of two adjacent arc beams to form a frame, And the prestressed steel wire (3) is wound on the outer peripheral contour of the frame; the sine of the half-angle of the center of each arc beam is in direct proportion to the pretightening force produced by the steel wire on the arc beam. 4. According to claim 1 or 3, a prestressed steel wire winding pretensioning frame bearing multi-directional loads is characterized in that: when the arc beam and the straight beam are separately processed to form the pretensioning frame, The arc radius of the arc beam passing through the tangent point is used as the dividing line between the arc beam and the straight beam.

Images