CN101975801B - Novel multi-mode adaptive sensor system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种新型的多模态自适应传感器系统，在气/固两相流和气/液两相流环境下均能使用。对于不同的测量环境，只需对多模态融合传感器进行不同方式的电缆连接和模式选择就可实现测量，这对成像传感器系统的集成统一和不同工况的测量带来了诸多方便。
The invention provides a novel multi-mode self-adaptive sensor system, which can be used in both gas/solid two-phase flow and gas/liquid two-phase flow environments. For different measurement environments, it is only necessary to perform different cable connections and mode selections for multi-modal fusion sensors to achieve measurement, which brings a lot of convenience to the integration and unification of imaging sensor systems and the measurement of different working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the two-phase flow measurement technical field, particularly relate to a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system.
Background technology
The diphasic flow system extensively exists in nature and industrial processes.For example, sand is raised in natural desert, fluviatic silt particle all down, and aerial flue dust disperse, rain hail are handed over, and to soak etc. all be the two-phase flow phenomenon relevant with the human lives.In commercial production, common two-phase flow mainly contains several kinds of gas/liquid, gas/solid, liquid/solid, liquid/liquid two-phase.Is exactly typical gas/fixed double phase flow like burning in industrial generation, the smelting process with the conveying and the winding-up of coal dust; Oil/gas in the oil exploitation process/current are exactly gas/liquid two-phase, are also referred to as three component stream; Milk and water are known as liquid/liquid two-phase in the milk process; Mud and water are known as liquid/fixed double phase flow in the potting process; Also all there is gas/gas-liquid two-phase liquid in many chemical processes simultaneously.Two-phase flow system is the nonlinear dynamic system of a complicacy; The difficulty of its parameter detecting is bigger; Under many circumstances; The diphasic stream parameter detection technique has become a conditionality factor of two-phase flow research, and therefore, the research of relevant two-phase flow has become the front subject that gives very big concern both at home and abroad at present.
Describe the diphasic flow parameter remove describe that single-phase mobile parameter such as speed, pressure fall, flow, temperature etc., also to increase some new parameters.Diphasic stream parameter commonly used mainly comprises: (1) flow pattern, claim fluidised form again, i.e. mobile form or the structure of fluid; (2) divide phase content, in biphase gas and liquid flow, divide phase content to be called voidage or void fraction again; In Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, divide phase content to claim voidage, solid content or concentration again; (3) speed is because there is relative velocity in the space in the diphasic flow, so except describing with the average velocity of mixed fluid, also must adopt the phase-splitting flow velocity to represent; (4) flow, different according to adopting system of units, can represent with volume flow or mass rate etc.For each phase flow rate, available phase-splitting volume flow, phase-splitting mass rate are described.For the flow of two-phase mixture, available average volume flow and the various parameters of mean mass flux are described; (5) density, in diphasic flow, the average density of potpourri also is a parameter commonly used, can be calculated with the branch phase content by each phase density and try to achieve; (6) pressure falls, and it also is a basic parameter in the diphasic flow that pressure falls.It is the factor that the two-phase flow system practical applications must be considered that the mobile pressure that produces of two-phase flow amalgam falls, and its Theoretical Calculation and on-line measurement play an important role to the application and the parameter detecting of polyphasic flow system.In the above-mentioned major parameter, flow pattern, branch phase content and flow are that three most important whiles also are the parameters that is difficult to measure.Therefore, the measurement of these three parameters is the emphasis of two-phase flow detection technique research always.
The technical route that two-phase flow detection is both at home and abroad at present adopted is broadly divided into three major types: 1) traditional single-phase flow detection technique and the instrument of utilization realizes two-phase flow measurement.For example, multiple single-phase flowmeters such as differential pressure, turbine, vortex street, target formula, volume, ultrasound wave, electromagnetism, Coriolis force are applied to the measurement of two-phase flow or polyphasic flow.Measure form to different combinations, need set up corresponding test model, when using, must consider service condition and measuring accuracy simultaneously.As reaching 50% air water system when void fraction, use the error of turbo flow meter can reach 20%, but when void fraction less than 5% the time, then error is little of can not need revising and direct application.In the slurry flow measurement, when solid concentration reaches 8%, still can satisfy accuracy requirement, but when reining in flowmeter survey with ultrasound wave is multispectral, precision is just very poor with repeatability with electromagnetic flowmeter.Reach 10% gas/water system and oil content at void fraction and reach 30% oil-water system, use the vortex shedding flow meter still can stable operation.Reach 15% gas or water system when coriolis flow meter is used for void fraction, its measuring error can reach 20%.2) flexible measurement method that combines with new signal processing technology and existing detection means solves the two-phase flow measurement problem.So-called flexible measurement method (Soft Sensor) is to utilize supporting process variable that is prone to on-line measurement and the method that off-line analysis information provides the On-line Estimation of main procedure parameter.It mainly is incorporated into the diphasic stream parameter field tests, the two-phase flow test problem that solution has complicacy, uncertainty and is difficult to accurately describe with mathematical model with fuzzy mathematics, state estimation, procedure parameter identification, artificial neural network, wavelet transformation, pattern-recognition, spectrum estimation in modern age scheduling theory problem.Auxiliary variable was selected in the middle of soft-measuring technique mainly comprised, data processing, and soft-sensing model is set up and soft-sensing model on-line correction several links, and wherein, it is the soft-measuring technique most important component that soft-sensing model is set up.3) employing emerging technology in modern age is carried out measuring two-phase flow parameter.Nearly decades, people with modern age many emerging technologies as: radiant rays technology, laser technology, optical fiber technology, nuclear magnetic resonance technique, ultrasonic technology, microwave technology, spectral technique, novel tracer technique, correlation technique and process chromatographic imaging technology etc. are applied to measuring two-phase flow parameter.For example: abroad; Gamma-radiation, beta rays and X-ray, the industrial instrument of neutron ray type commercialization based on radiant rays absorption or scattering principle are the important means that two-phase flow or polyphasic flow concentration of component are measured, and wherein use the most extensive with the gamma-radiation densitometer.
Process chromatographic imaging technology (Process Tomography; Be abbreviated as PT) be that the formal formation and development of twentieth century the mid-80 is got up, a kind of is the procedure parameter two dimension of main object or the online in real time detection technique of distributed in three dimensions situation with two-phase flow or polyphasic flow.It adopts non-intruding or non-contact mode measuring; Can on-line continuous two dimension or three-dimensional visual information be provided; And can pass through the characteristic parameter that some relevant tested two-phase fluids are extracted in further processing; As carry out feature extraction and flow pattern identification, divide the measurement of phase content or concentration parameter, speed etc.Therefore recent two decades comes, and the PT technology has received domestic and international scientific worker's common concern.The PT technology has huge applications to be worth at the aspects such as monitoring, environmental monitoring and control that flowing of two-phase fluid reaches reaction, detachment process.
Important branch-electricity imaging (Electrical Tomography as the PT technology; ET) be based on the novel measuring technique of Theory of Electromagnetic Field; Have radiationless, non-intruding, response speed is fast, with low cost and advantage such as visualization measurement, in commercial measurement and medical monitoring, has tempting development prospect.The variation of characteristics such as its ultimate principle is that the electricity that utilizes the thing field is led, electric capacity or electromagnetism is obtained the thing field information and the tomography that carries out.ERT (Electrical Resistance Tomography; Abbreviation ERT), capacitance chromatography imaging (Electrical Capacitance Tomography; Be called for short ECT) through the development of recent two decades, entered into the industrial applied research stage at present.
The physical basis of ERT technology is based on different mediums and has different electrical conductivity, judges the object distribution of conductivity that is in responsive and just can learn the medium distribution situation of thing field.When the distribution of conductivity then and there changes; The distribution of current field also can change thereupon; The variation that causes a built-in potential to distribute, thus the borderline measuring voltage of field domain also will change, that is the boundary survey change in voltage has comprised the information that field domain internal conductance rate changes.The contrast of correspondence position measuring voltage under boundary survey voltage through practical object and the barnyard state, utilization respective imaging algorithm just can reconstruct the distribution of conductivity of practical object, realizes visualization measurement.Because ERT requires the external phase of measurand to conduct electricity, so its application generally is gas/liquid two-phase, liquid/liquid two-phase or liquid/fixed double phase flow etc.It is immeasurable for gas/fixed double phase flow.
ECT is that utilization is positioned over pipeline or process vessel capacitance sensor array on every side detects the subtle change of the two-phase medium specific inductive capacity distribution that causes when two-phase fluid flows, thereby reconstructs the distributed image in pipeline or process vessel cross section.ECT is the electricity tomography that grows up the earliest, existing online application instrument system.Aspect the wind-force conveying of granule materials; Utilization ECT system can carry out visualization measurement to the operating condition of the wind-force induction system of granular material and lump material (close operate mutually); Can obtain concentration information preferably; If utilize electrostatic transducer to pick up the mobile electric charge random noise signal line correlation analyzing and processing of going forward side by side again, can realize fluid-velocity survey, so just can realize the mass flow measurement of gas/fixed double phase flow.Utilize ECT also can measure, but ECT can not survey gas/liquid two-phase, liquid/liquid two-phase or the liquid/fixed double phase flow of external phase conduction to low moisture oil/water two-phase flow.
At present; Both at home and abroad aspect gas/fixed double phase flow measurement; Utilize capacitance chromatography imaging (ECT) technology to survey the close concentration of operation mutually, utilize electrostatic methods to survey the speed that solid particle flows again, the existing scholar of method of merging the measurement of discharge that gets up then is engaged in research in this respect.As: there are the W.Q.Yang of Univ Manchester UK, Chinese University Of Tianjin kingization auspicious what be in a leading position aspect the ECT research; Electrostatic method test the speed be in a leading position aspect the research the Y.Yan of British Kent university etc. arranged, but they just have the sensing system that is in a leading position in separately research field.Aspect gas/liquid two-phase or oil/gas/water gaging; Utilize the sensing system that capacitance chromatography imaging (ECT) and ERT (ERT) are merged mutually that scholar's research is also arranged both at home and abroad, like the Chinese Wang Huaxiang of University Of Tianjin professor, the W.Q.Yang of Univ Manchester UK professor, professor M.Wang of Leeds, England university etc.
Yet in the above-mentioned solution, Sensor section especially, otherwise can only be used for gas/fixed double phase flow measures; Can only be used for gas/liquid two-phase measures; Also just say and use the different sensor system according to different measurand needs, obviously, existing many inconvenience in the application of these measurements; Simultaneously, make that also the cost of whole measurement is higher.
Therefore, need the urgent technical matters that solves of those skilled in the art to be exactly at present: how can propose a kind of method or system with innovating, to have the inconvenience that exists in the measurement now to solve, thereby can accomplish the measurement of two-phase flow kinetoplast fast and effectively.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system, in order to solving the inconvenience that exists in existing the measurement, thereby can accomplish the measurement of two-phase flow kinetoplast fast and effectively.
In order to address the above problem, the invention discloses a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system, comprising:
12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies are used for the concentration information of the close phase of Measurement of Two-phase;
Electronic box is obtained and handled to data; It links to each other with 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, is used to obtain the metrical information of 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, Gu by measurand be gas/or gas/liquid two-phase select electrostatic transducer or ERT (ERT) sensor to connect respectively; Data with obtaining are carried out image reconstruction; Dynamically show cross section information, the line speed of going forward side by side is measured, and obtains the mass rate of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box and comprise following submodule:
Signal obtains submodule, is gas/or the flow pattern of gas/liquid admittedly be used to obtain two-phase flow;
The electrostatic transducer submodule is used for the moving speed of measurement of gas/fixed double phase flow;
ERT (ERT) sensor submodule is used for the distribution of conductivity of measurement of gas/liquid two-phase.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box and also comprise following submodule:
The charge amplifier submodule is used to carry out amplification, filtering and the data acquisition of signal, obtains the performance speed of two-phase fluid.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box and also comprise following submodule:
The syndrome module is used for performance speed is demarcated and revised, and obtains the speed of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
Preferably, the metering system of said 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensors employing is a non-cpntact measurement.
Preferably, said concentration information comprises CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and solid holdup.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention provides a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system, gas/fixed double phase flow gentle/all can use under the liquid two-phase environment.For different measurement environment, the cable connection and the model selection that only need multi-modal fusion sensor to be carried out different modes just can realize measuring, and this has brought many convenience to the integrated unification of imaging sensor system and the measurement of different operating modes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the described a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor of embodiment of the invention system;
Fig. 2 is under the described gas of the embodiment of the invention/fixed double phase flow state, the structure function of a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system and the synoptic diagram of electrode connection mode;
Fig. 3 is under the described gas of the embodiment of the invention/liquid two-phase state, the structure function of a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system and the synoptic diagram of electrode connection mode;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the described oil/gas of the embodiment of the invention/water (low moisture) three component stream situation lower section flow patterns;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram after the said sectional view of Fig. 4 is rebuild in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of the described oil-in-water situation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram after situation described in Fig. 6 is rebuild in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For make above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention done further detailed explanation.
In nature and industrial processes, the diphasic flow system all is extensively to exist.For example, sand is raised in natural desert, and fluviatic silt particle all down; And aerial flue dust disperse, rain hail are handed over, and to soak etc. all be the two-phase flow phenomenon relevant with the human lives; In the practical application, the two-phase flow measurement object has complicated and various characteristic, and this has also proposed the necessity of the measuring system of research and invention multi-usage and function to people; Core of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system; It can be that gas/fixed double phase flow or gas/liquid two-phase are selected different measurement patterns according to test environment, through electrode connection mode and the screen layer that changes this sensing system, accomplishes the measurement under the different mode.
Embodiment:
With reference to Fig. 1, show the structural drawing of a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor of the present invention system, said system comprises:
12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies 101 are used for the concentration information of the close phase of Measurement of Two-phase;
Preferably, the metering system of said 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensors employing is a non-cpntact measurement.
Electronic box 102 is obtained and handled to data; It links to each other with 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, is used to obtain the metrical information of 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, Gu by measurand be gas/or gas/liquid (oil/gas/water) two-phase flow select electrostatic transducer or ERT (ERT) sensor to connect respectively; Data with obtaining are carried out image reconstruction; Dynamically show cross section information, the line speed of going forward side by side is measured, and obtains the mass rate of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
Preferably, said concentration information comprises CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and solid holdup.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box 102 and comprise following submodule:
Signal obtains submodule 1021, is gas/or the flow pattern of gas/liquid (oil/gas/water) admittedly be used to obtain two-phase flow;
Electrostatic transducer submodule 1022 is used for the moving speed of measurement of gas/fixed double phase flow;
ERT (ERT) sensor 1023 is used for the distribution of conductivity of measurement of gas/liquid two-phase.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box 102 and also comprise following submodule:
Charge amplifier submodule 1024 is used to carry out amplification, filtering and the data acquisition of signal, obtains the performance speed of two-phase fluid.
Preferably, said data are obtained and are handled electronic box 102 and also comprise following submodule:
Syndrome module 1025 is used for performance speed is demarcated and revised, and obtains the speed of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
Referring to Fig. 2; When showing the flow pattern when tested two-phase flow of the present invention and be gas/fixed double phase flow state; The structure function and the synoptic diagram of electrode connection mode of a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system when selecting electrostatic transducer to connect, 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies connect data and obtain and handle electronic box, and data are obtained and are handled the electronic box selection and connected electrostatic transducer; Said electrostatic transducer is by in two 16 electrod-array planes; Become 4 electrodes of surveying static charges of vertical distribution to be joined together to form in 16 electrodes on each plane, connect behind the electrostatic transducer data and obtain and handle electronic box and use the data of being obtained to carry out image reconstruction, dynamically show cross section information; The line speed of going forward side by side is measured; Obtain the mass rate of the close phase of two-phase fluid, the remaining electrode in two 16 electrod-array planes except that constituting electrostatic transducer all interconnects and connects shielding ground, and rightmost side part is the electrode connection side view in each plane among Fig. 2.Electrostatic transducer links to each other with the charge amplifier submodule; Carry out signal amplification, filtering and data acquisition by point and amplifier submodule, two-way electric charge noise signal at random carries out computing cross-correlation, and records the superficial velocity of two-phase fluid; Then through syndrome module experimental calibration and correction; Obtain the objective speed of two-phase fluid at last, finally record the mass rate of the close phase of two-phase fluid under the situation of concentration signal learning.
Fig. 3 shows the flow pattern when tested two-phase flow of the present invention when being gas/liquid two-phase state; The structure function of a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system and the synoptic diagram of electrode connection mode when selecting ERT (ERT) sensor to connect; The sensor left-half is 12 electrode ECT (capacitance chromatography imaging) sensors among the figure, and right half part is two 16 electrode ERT (ERT) sensors.
Concerning crude oil/gas/water, relative dielectric constant is respectively 2.2,1.0 and 80.Because the capacitive transducer of ECT system is responsive to the relative dielectric constant of heterogeneous fluid; Theoretically; Can differentiate fuel-displaced gentle two phases preferably on the one hand, also can distinguish water on the other hand, therefore under oil/gas/water (low moisture) three component stream situation; It can differentiate oil gas and water, to the cross section flow pattern shown in Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) reconstruct as Fig. 5 a) with 5 (b) shown in image.
For resistance process imaging ERT system, situation relative complex.Because common ERT imaging requirements external phase must be conducted electricity, therefore just be suitable for for the water percentage condition with higher.That is to say under the water percentage condition with higher, oil-in-water situation often to occur, as Fig. 6 a), shown in 6 (b).Because the little oily group of oil-in-water of this moment can be similar to and regard external phase as, so the ERT system can distinguish gas, liquid, the cross section flow pattern shown in Fig. 6 (a), 6 (b) is reconstructed the image shown in Fig. 7 (a), 7 (b).
For ECT and image graph that ERT becomes 5 and Fig. 7; Can merge through sensing data and just can obtain the image distribution of oil/gas/water, thereby obtain oil content, will must satisfy the prerequisite that ECT and ERT can both operate as normal certainly; So water percentage can not be too low, can not be too high.
For ERT imaging sensor submodule, imaging data also capable of using carries out the pixel related operation, thereby obtains velocity distribution.
More than a kind of novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor provided by the present invention system has been carried out detailed introduction; Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a novel multi-modal self-adapted sensor system is characterized in that, comprising:
12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies are used for the concentration information of the close phase of Measurement of Two-phase;
Electronic box is obtained and handled to data; It links to each other with 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, is used to obtain the metrical information of 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor assemblies, Gu by measurand be gas/or gas/liquid two-phase select electrostatic transducer or ERT (ERT) sensor to connect respectively; Data with obtaining are carried out image reconstruction; Dynamically show cross section information, the line speed of going forward side by side is measured, and obtains the mass rate of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said data are obtained and handled electronic box and comprise following submodule:
Signal obtains submodule, is gas/or the flow pattern of gas/liquid admittedly be used to obtain two-phase flow;
The electrostatic transducer submodule is used for the moving speed of measurement of gas/fixed double phase flow;
ERT (ERT) sensor submodule is used for the distribution of conductivity of measurement of gas/liquid two-phase.
3. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said data are obtained and handled electronic box and also comprise following submodule:
The charge amplifier submodule is used to carry out amplification, filtering and the data acquisition of signal, obtains the performance speed of two-phase fluid.
4. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said data are obtained and handled electronic box and also comprise following submodule:
The syndrome module is used for performance speed is demarcated and revised, and obtains the speed of the close phase of two-phase fluid.
5. control system according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
The metering system that said 12 electrode capacitance tomography (ECT) sensors adopt is a non-cpntact measurement.
6. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
Said concentration information comprises CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and solid holdup.
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| CN102654473A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Device and method for measuring contents of three phases in slurry reactor online |
| US9562797B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2017-02-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Flow rate measuring apparatus |
| CN103604843B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2017-01-25 | 华北电力大学 | Electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in submerged environment |
| DE102014010238A1 (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-09-03 | Krohne Ag | Flowmeter with a measuring device implementing a tomographic measuring principle |
| CN106153130A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-23 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of pressure dual-purpose electricity imaging sensing system and data acquisition imaging method thereof |
| CN107807155B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | An ECT/MWT dual-modality imaging sensor |
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