CN101965079A - Method for operating lighting devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating lighting devices (1,13,19). At least one light (9,10,11,25) of the lighting device is electrified by respective power supplies (3,210 and the power supply feeds the power for a power module and the power module comprises at least one controllable semiconductor element (5,6,7,23) and the controllable semiconductor element is controlled by a control module (4,22) and the control module comprises a process unit and a storage. In order to adjust the lightness of the lighting device (1,13,19), a controller (17) is provided and connected with a phase line (L) of an AC supply (15) and the phase line (L) generates a rectification phase line (L') by the controller and the rectification phase line leads to the lighting devices (1,13,19).

Description

Method for controlling a lighting device

technical field

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a lighting device, and the present invention can especially be used for RGB-LEDs (R=red LED/G=green LED/B=blue LED) to realize controlling RGB-LED lighting devices, however that It can also be used with white LEDs to realize the control of white LED lighting devices.

Background technique

Document EP 1575341B1 discloses a dimmer with operating parts, which controls at least one power module, so as to adjust the required brightness of the luminaire in this way, wherein

- a control lever is provided as the operating element, which can be swiveled and/or rotated and/or pushed into different positions, thereby actuating the switching connection of the switching device, which controls a A controller whereby, by means of a power module that separates each color channel, in addition to adjusting the required brightness of the luminaire, additionally adjusts the desired light color of the luminaire;

- during rotation, said lever supplies power to an inductive synchronizer connected to said controller, thereby adjusting the brightness of the luminaire;

- the control lever can be moved from an intermediate position used as a rest position to six different positions - "upper left", "upper center", "upper right", "lower left", "lower center", "lower right" - - swing, whereby the intensities of the three different color channels can be predetermined on the controller and adjusted by the power module; and

- the controller is provided with a time planning element (Zeiterfassungsglied), which controls the time used to supply power to the switch connection according to the pressure of the control lever, whereby it is achieved by a short-term pressure of the control lever Switching the dimmer on or off, and once the lever is pressed in its neutral position for a predetermined length of time, achieves preservation of a predetermined minimum brightness.

It is therefore advantageous that the brightness and light color of modern lighting fixtures based on LEDs, for example, can be adjusted in the desired manner and independently of each other depending on correct use. Of course, it is also disclosed whether the operating part and the lamp are arranged in one unit, or are connected to each other through wiring lines. In the case of separate operating parts and luminaires, multiple (at least four) wiring lines are required, which results in relatively high installation outlay. Furthermore, the pulse width modulation (Pulweitenmodulation, PWM) usually used in LED brightness control produces an unreliable radio interference spectrum when wiring lines of several meters are used.

Contents of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide an optimized method for controlling a lighting device.

The object of the invention is solved by a method for controlling a lighting device, at least one luminaire of which is powered by a respective power supply, which feeds a power module comprising at least one controllable semiconductor component , the control of the semiconductor element is implemented by a control module, the control module includes a processing unit and a memory,

-wherein, in order to adjust the brightness of the lighting device, a controller is provided, the controller is connected with the phase line of the AC power supply (Wechsel spannungsnetz), and the phase line passes through the controller to generate a rectified phase line, and the The rectified phase line leads to the lighting device;

-wherein, the controller first makes the rectification phase line have a synchronous signal in the process of making the desired change to the brightness;

- wherein, next, the controller generates an information grid wave of the rectified phase line through the influence of the full wave, thereby causing the required brightness information signal to be performed in the form of a voltage characteristic curve of the information grid wave over time transfer;

- Wherein, the control module of the connected lighting device starts to start a processing program after receiving the synchronization signal, so that the required brightness information signal to be transmitted is extracted from the information grid wave of the rectified phase line;

-wherein, the control module saves the detected brightness information signal, and uses it to control the lamp until the next synchronization signal is generated; and

- wherein the control module controls the power module depending on the stored brightness information signal.

The advantage of the invention is in particular that the full wave of the supply voltage is used to some extent as a communication time period for the information signal. The installation outlay required by additional components or by additionally provided wiring lines is very small and considerably reduced compared to the prior art, in particular that the controller does not necessarily have to be connected to neutral. Furthermore, the method is suitable for lighting devices with white light as well as for lighting devices with colored light consisting of red/green/blue light each having the desired brightness.

The transmission of information from the controller to the lighting device does not require DC power, that is, the AC voltage supply is maintained at all times, especially so that the wiring line does not need pulsed DC power supply. For example, due to the control method that the direct current part supplied to the phase line is strongly blocked, the normal operation of the fault current protection switch provided in the installation is guaranteed. During the generation of information grid waves, the lighting device power supply is continuously supplied with a complete power supply voltage, and the lighting device power supply is individually interrupted in a very short time, thereby changing the brightness and/or light color of the lighting device. Correspondingly, a higher efficiency is obtained. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMV) loading is very small. The operation process is simple and clear through the use of the controller. The power supply, control module and power module of the lighting device are formed on the one hand with a spatially separate controller and on the other hand can be formed as built-in component sockets (built-in components).

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

In this way, the controller for generating the information grid wave can have an influence on the phase angle of the supply voltage in this wave. The control module is capable of determining the time at which a current is generated in a certain information grid wave and using the time as a criterion for the phase angle of the waveform.

The controller is capable of locking to the full full wave of the supply voltage for generating a synchronization signal. The three full waves of the mains voltage generated following the synchronization signal can be used as information network waves for transmitting separate brightness information signals for red or green or blue light.

To increase redundancy, the information network waves can be transmitted repeatedly. Between the synchronization signal and the information grid wave, and/or between two information grid waves, at least one additional full wave can be inserted, thereby forming a recharging of the capacitor of the power supply.

Description of drawings

Next, the present invention will be described in detail according to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The figure shows:

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a lighting device connected to a controller and provided with a plurality of LEDs of different colors;

Figure 2 is a circuit with multiple lighting devices;

Fig. 3 is the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 50% control/blue LED output" in a control embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 50% control/blue LED 100% control" in a control embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 100% control/blue LED 100% control" in a control embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 50% control/blue LED output" in an optional control embodiment for Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a lighting device connected to the controller and only provided with one LED;

Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a lighting device provided with a zero-potential phase line detector.

Explanation of reference signs

1 lighting device (RGB-LED lighting device)

2 built-in parts

3 Power supply including charging capacitor (AC/DC inverter)

4 control module including processing unit and memory

5 Transistors (semiconductor switches) for red light fixtures (LEDs)

6 Transistors (semiconductor switches) for green lamps (LEDs)

7 Transistors (semiconductor switches) for blue light fixtures (LEDs)

8LED module (pluggable via plug-in connector)

9 red lamps (LED)

10 green lamps (LED)

11 blue lamps (LED)

12-

13 lighting device (RGB-LED)

14-

15 AC power

16-

17 controllers

18-

19 lighting device

20 built-in parts

21 Power supply including charging capacitor (AC/DC inverter)

22 control module including processing unit and memory

23 Transistors (semiconductor switches) for white lamps (LEDs)

24LED module (pluggable via plug-in connector)

25 white lamps (LED)

26 ballast resistor

27 optocoupler

L phase line

L' rectified phase line = output voltage of controller = input voltage of lighting device

N neutral line

T _R communication time period for information signal of red light or red LED

R is used for the brightness information signal of red light or red LED

T _G Communication time period for information signal of green light or green LED

G is used for the brightness information signal of green light or green LED

T _B Communication time period for information signal of blue light or blue LED

B brightness information signal for blue light or blue LED

T _sync synchronization signal

t time

U supply voltage

W additional full wave

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a lighting device, which is preferably connected to a controller through at least one wiring line, and which is provided with a plurality of lamps (preferably LEDs) of different colors. The input end of the controller 17 (manipulator, operating element) is connected to the phase line L and the neutral line N of the AC power supply 15 (230V AC voltage). The output voltage obtained at the output of the controller 17 is denoted below as rectified phase L′ and corresponds to the input voltage of the lighting device 1 . Furthermore, the lighting device 1 is also connected to the neutral line N. As shown in FIG.

A lighting device 1 consisting of an RGB-LED lighting device (R=red/G=green/B=blue) comprises two main components or functional units assembled together, namely a built-in part 2 and a plurality of lamps, preferably LED ) 9, 10, 11, wherein the two main components are detachably connected to each other through plug-in connectors corresponding to each other.

The built-in component 2 is provided with a power supply 3 (AC/DC converter) including a charging capacitor at the input end, which is powered by the rectified phase line L' and the neutral line N, and the positive output terminal of the power supply (DC current or DC voltage) Connect the emitter terminals of the transistors 5, 6, 7, the transistor 5 is used for the feed of the red lamp especially the red LED 9, the transistor 6 is used for the feed of the green lamp especially the green LED 10, and the transistor 7 is used for the blue lamp especially is the feed for the blue LED 11. The collector terminal of transistor 5 or 6 or 7 is connected to the anode terminal of LED 9 or 10 or 11. The cathode terminals of the three LEDs 9, 10, 11 are connected to the negative output of the power supply 3 (DC current or DC voltage).

The lighting device 1 and here the built-in components 2 are provided with a control module 4 comprising a processing unit and a memory, which is connected to the two outputs of the power supply 3 and whose input is additionally connected by a rectified phase line L' power supply. The output of the control module 4 is connected to the base terminals of the transistors 5 , 6 , 7 .

Of course, other controllable semiconductor elements or semiconductor switches can also be used, for example in the place of the transistors shown.

For the operation of the controller 17 with a joystick, the possibilities described in the document EP 1575341 B1 mentioned at the beginning can be realized by swinging/rotating/pushing of said joystick, for example,

- Rotate the joystick, thus changing the brightness;

- Swing the lever to different positions to adjust the intensity of different color channels;

- Pushing the lever quickly, or holding it in a fixed position for a long time, thereby determining the required value for closing/opening/holding.

Figure 2 shows a circuit with multiple lighting devices. The figure shows two lighting devices 1 and 13 composed of RGB-LED lighting devices. These two lighting devices are connected to the rectified phase line L' and the neutral line N of the controller 17 through a wiring line. Of course, other lighting devices can also be connected. The parallel connection of multiple lighting devices can reach the maximum load capacity of the controller 17, for example, the total power is 400W. The controller 17 is then connected to the phase line L of the AC power supply 15, preferably also connected to the neutral line N of the AC power supply.

Essentially, each lighting device 1, 13 is provided with a single power supply 3, the power of which is sufficient to supply at least three lamps (LEDs) 9, 10, 11, for example 1W each. The three lamps (LEDs) 9 or 10 or 11 are activated via transistors 5 or 6 or 7 by pulse width modulation with a constant current. Different powers can be supplied to the lamps (LEDs) 9 , 10 , 11 by means of pulse width modulation. This makes it possible to produce brightness variations with a constant light color.

In addition, the adjustment of the required brightness and/or the required light color of the lighting devices 1, 13 can be realized by means of the controller 17 by means of the influence of the phase line control on time, so that the controller 17 can also be called "special adjustment". optical device". During the change of brightness and light color by the operator as required, the controller 17 influences the supply voltage U on the output line of the controller (denoted L') for a short time in such a way that the voltage from the voltage characteristic curve Information about the desired brightness is transmitted to the connected lighting device 1 , 13 in the form of a rectified phase line L′, the voltage characteristic curve being temporal and driven by the controller 17 .

Before approaching the generation and calculation of the arrival voltage characteristic curve, the basic concept of the proposed information transfer should first be explained. A generally known dimmer generally supplies the connected consumers with a phase cross-section voltage or a phase interruption voltage at its output. Depending on the phase line angle, the brightness of the connected lighting device is adjusted to be greater or lesser. In contrast to this, the proposed "special dimmer", ie the controller 17, generates a sinusoidal voltage most of the time completely unaffected. Only to change the brightness and/or light color of the lighting device, that is to say, when the operator operates the controller 17, the controller 17 affects the voltage at its output terminal in a rapidly defined period of time, thereby producing a rectification phase Line L'. The connected lighting devices 1 , 13 can detect these influences via their own control module 4 and can convert them into the correspondingly required brightness and/or light color via correspondingly controlled power modules.

In order to achieve synchronization (note: from here on not only transfer of energy is meant, but additionally transfer of information), the controller 17 locks on to a complete full wave of the supply voltage U - see the following in Figs. 3-6 Synchronization signal T _sync . The charging capacitors of the power sources 3 in the connected lighting devices 1 , 13 are advantageous in that they can compensate for voltage fluctuations over time without the user being aware of disturbances due to the voltage fluctuations. However, the control module 4 detects the synchronization signal T _sync and starts a processing program which calculates the three next full waves of the supply voltage U, referred to below as information network waves.

It is in these information grid waves that the controller 17 provides the brightness for the three light colors by means of a short-term influence on the phase angle, and for example in such a way that

The phase angle of the first information grid wave after the synchronization signal T _sync indicates the desired brightness of the red light or red light fixture (LED) 9;

The phase angle of the second information grid wave after the synchronization signal T _sync indicates the desired brightness of the green light or green light fixture (LED) 10;

• The phase angle of the third information grid wave after the synchronization signal T _sync represents the desired brightness of the blue light or blue light fixture (LED) 11 .

The calculation of the phase angle detected by the control module 4 can be obtained, for example, by calculating the time during which the current is generated during the formation of the information network wave, which is defined, for example, as follows:

The 1ms current time corresponds to the output (AUS) state of the relevant transistor or 0% control;

The 10ms current time corresponds to the input (EIN) state or 100% control of the relevant transistor;

● When the current time is between 1 ms and 10 ms, select the linear intermediate value corresponding to the control, that is, 5 ms, correspondingly expressed as 50% control.

Of course, in this relationship, alternatively adopting other schemes is also feasible. What is important is that the required brightness detected by the phase line angle or current time is stored in the control module for each lamp (LEDs) respectively, as long as the control of each lamp (LEDs) is generated, it is until one of the controller 17 update operation, and thus generate an updated information grid wave. In order to increase redundancy it is also possible to implement a repetition of the information transfer, since the information network wave can be repeated one or more times. Accordingly, the voltage is again unaffected until the controller predetermines the next desired change in brightness and/or light color of the lighting device.

To switch off the lighting device, the controller 17 completely blocks its output voltage L', which has the advantage that no standby losses are generated in the lighting device when the lighting device is switched off.

During the switching-on process of the lighting device, the corresponding control unit 17 is activated (switching on the supply voltage L', N) to purposely make the output generated during the last switching-off operation for the lighting device brightness and/or The value of the light color is received by the control module and adjusted by the power switch.

For further explanation, it is shown in FIG. 3 that in one control embodiment "red LED output/green LED 50% control/blue LED output", the upper part represents no rectification and the lower part represents the controller 17 Phase characteristic curves of the rectifier, where the following representation applies for all figures:

U(L) = Power supply voltage based on phase line L

U(L') = Mains voltage based on phase line L'

t = time

T _R = communication time period for red light or red LED

T _G = communication time period for green light or green LED

T _B = communication time period for blue light or blue LED

R = Brightness information signal for red light or red LED

G = Brightness information signal for green light or green LED

B = Brightness information signal for blue light or blue LED

T _sync = synchronization signal

Fig. 4 shows the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 50% control/blue LED 100% control" in a control embodiment. The arrangement described in FIG. 3 also applies here.

Fig. 5 shows the phase line characteristic curve of "red LED output/green LED 100% control/blue LED 100% control" in a control embodiment. Here again the arrangement described in FIG. 3 applies.

In order to avoid a sharp drop in the voltage of the charging capacitor of the power supply 3 during the passage of each communication period T _R , T _G , _TB , in the optional control of the controller 17, between the synchronous signal T _sync and the first An additional full wave W is inserted between one information network wave and/or between two information network waves in each case, which can be considered by the processing unit of the control module 4 respectively. This method is especially recommended in the case of high LED power or when using a power supply with relatively small charging capacitors.

FIG. 6 shows the phase line characteristic curve for "Red LED output/Green LED 50% control/Blue LED output" in an alternative control embodiment to that of FIG. 3 . Here again the arrangement described in FIG. 3 applies, wherein it can be seen that between the synchronization signal T _sync and the communication period _TR , between the two communication periods T _R and T _G and the two communication periods T _G and T There is an additional full wave W between _B respectively. These inserted full-wave Ws facilitate the recharging of the charging capacitors of the power supply.

The foregoing always presupposes that the lighting device 1 , 13 is provided with a plurality of LEDs of different colors. However, the invention is not limited to these special cases of use, but can also be applied in lighting installations of one color provided with one lamp or several lamps (one LED or multiple lamps) of one color. LEDs), especially white. A circuit diagram for such an application is shown in Figure 7, where there is a lighting device 19 connected to a controller 17 provided with only one (white) LED 25, the lighting device comprises two main components,

a built-in part 20 with a power supply 21 (AC/DC converter) comprising a charging capacitor, a control module 22 and a transistor 23 (semiconductor switch), the control module comprising a processing unit and a memory; and

- LED module 24 with LED 25,

Here, the two main components are detachably connected to each other via corresponding plug-in connectors. This installation, that is to say the electrical connection between the controller 17 and the lighting device 19, does not change with respect to the structure described above.

The control module 22 connected to the base of the transistor 23 again obtains the rectified phase line L'. In addition, the controller 17 provided in FIGS. 1-6 can also be applied in this embodiment, and its advantage is that by means of the controller 17, the lighting device of one color can be controlled, and it can also be controlled by (multiple The lighting device composed of RGB-LED lighting device of different colors is controlled.

In the case of a lighting fixture having more than one light fixture (LED) 25 (each of the same colour), the light fixtures are preferably connected in series so that the power supply 21 requires only one transistor output. The control module 22 only monitors the first information grid wave after the synchronization signal T _sync is generated, ie the communication time period T _R , while ignoring the information of the next information grid wave. Therefore, the phase angle of the first information grid wave following the synchronization signal T _sync provides the brightness information signal required by the lamp (LED) 25 . Accordingly, the control of transistor 23 takes place by means of pulse width modulation, as described above.

FIG. 8 shows a circuit diagram of a lighting device with a zero-potential phase line detector. In all embodiments, this solution can be adapted to the applications of FIGS. 1 , 2 and 7 . An optocoupler 27 is provided as an additional component, which is connected in series with the ballast resistor 26 and whose primary side is connected between the rectified phase line L′ and the neutral line. The secondary side of the optocoupler 27 is connected between the negative output of the power supply 3 or 21 and the input of the control module 4 or 22 for the determination of the phase conductor detector.

In the above embodiments, the controller 17 is connected to the neutral line N. However this is not required. The power supply of the lighting device 1 can also take place via an electrical circuit in the built-in component 2 . This is very advantageous in the retrofitting of existing lighting installations, since conventional lighting switches can be replaced in a simple manner relative to the control unit 17 . In most cases, no neutral wire is provided in the "Up-Geraetedose" of conventional light switches.

As mentioned above, the adjustable power is dependent on the controller, not the lighting device.

Claims (8)

1. A method for controlling a lighting installation (1, 13, 19), at least one luminaire (9, 10, 11, 25) of said lighting installation being powered by a respective power supply (3, 21), said power supply feeding a power module comprising at least one controllable semiconductor element (5, 6, 7, 23), the control of said semiconductor element being realized by a control module (4, 22), said control module including processing unit and memory, -wherein, in order to adjust the brightness of the lighting device (1, 13, 19), a controller (17) is provided, the controller is connected to the phase line (L) of the AC power supply (15), and the phase line ( L) a rectified phase line (L') is generated via said controller and said rectified phase line leads to said lighting device (1, 13, 19), - wherein said controller (17) first causes said rectified phase line (L') to have a synchronization signal (T _sync ) during the required change in brightness, -wherein, next, said controller (17) generates an information network wave of a rectified phase line (L') by the influence of a full wave, thereby thereby making the desired brightness information signal (R, G, B) in said The form of the voltage characteristic curve on the time of the information grid wave is transmitted; - wherein said control module (4, 22) of said lighting device (1, 13) connected starts a process procedure after receiving a synchronization signal (T _sync ), whereby from said rectified phase line (L') Extract the required brightness information signal (R, G, B) to be transmitted from the information grid wave; -wherein, _the control module (4, 22) saves the detected brightness information signal (R, G, B), and uses it to control the lamp (9, 10, 11, 25); and - wherein said control module (4, 22) controls said power module by means of said stored brightness information signal (R, G, B). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (17) for generating the information grid wave has an influence on the phase angle of the supply voltage (U) during the generation of the waveform. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the control module (4, 22) measures the time at which an electric current is generated during the formation of a certain information grid wave, and uses the time as the time for the waveform The standard of the phase line angle. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controller (17) for generating the synchronization signal (T _sync ) locks the complete full range of the supply voltage (U) Wave. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that three full waves of the supply voltage (U) following the synchronization signal (T _sync ) are used as information network waves to transmit separate, used Brightness information signal (R, G, B) for red or green or blue light. 6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the information grid waves are transmitted repeatedly in order to increase redundancy. 7. Method according to _any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one additional Full wave (W). 8. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that, when the supply voltage (L', N) is disconnected, the control module (4, 22) stores the brightness information signal; when the supply voltage When switched on, the control module controls the power module by means of the stored brightness information signal (R, G, B).

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