A kind of diesel vehicle road discharging remote real time monitoring system and monitoring method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring system and monitoring method, particularly about a kind of diesel vehicle road discharging remote real time monitoring system and monitoring method.
Background technology
The emission of diesel engine standard is to weigh the leading indicator that emission of diesel engine pollutes all the time, but with rules specified standard test operating mode, tests emission of diesel engine, can only limit the discharging of type newly developed or vehicle; And the standard testing operating mode is the engine bench test result, not exclusively equals the discharging of diesel vehicle under the real road working condition.With the diesel SCR technology, in a certain test under the real road operating mode of North America, the conversion ratio of oxides of nitrogen only is about 60%, far below in the rules tests up to 85% transformation efficiency of the oxides of nitrogen.Therefore, pollute in order more fully to control emission of diesel engine, on-board emission test more and more comes into one's own.
On-board emission test is installed in portable emission test instrument on the diesel vehicle of real road operating mode use, thus the actual road discharging of test.Though on-board emission test with a little less than or approach the precision of engine bench test, realized the emission test under the real road working condition, this method has following problem: 1) on-board emission test equipment price height is unfavorable for large-scale popularization.2) if simultaneously at the diesel vehicle of different automobile types, type, road discharging under monitoring varying environment, the operating mode uses the on-board emission test method to test one by one fully in real time, will be the work of a high cost of poor efficiency, therefore, it is applicable to the single test vehicle.3) most equipment volume in the on-board emission test equipment and power consumption are bigger, and difficulty is installed on diesel vehicle, and because of its bigger quality and power, have also increased the diesel vehicle load under the real road condition simultaneously, have influenced road emission test result.4) on-board emission test equipment needs artificial the treatment, can not realize continuous long-time discharge measuring.5) the on-board emission test method is just measured emission result, environmental parameter, diesel vehicle operating mode, dynamic property parameter and the economy parameter relevant have been ignored with discharging, and during the discharging under estimating diesel vehicle real road operating mode, need combining environmental parameter, actual condition, dynamic property parameter and economy parameter to analyze and calculate.Therefore, need the shortcoming that new test macro of research and method overcome existing on-board emission test badly.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of system and install simply, can improve convenience, the real-time of discharge measuring, save human cost in a large number, the diesel vehicle road discharging remote real time monitoring system and the monitoring method of raising the efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of diesel vehicle road discharging remote real time monitoring system, and it comprises original diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) and after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) that is arranged in the electric generator of vehicle; It is characterized in that: it also comprises automobile-used emission sensor, car-mounted terminal, GPRS communication network and Surveillance center; Described car-mounted terminal comprises GPS, data acquisition unit, discharging computation model, data storage cell and the GPRS that connects successively; The input end of described data acquisition unit also be connected in parallel described diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit), after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) and automobile-used emission sensor, the output terminal of described data acquisition unit also connects the input end of described data storage cell; The output terminal of described GPRS connects described GPRS communication network; The output terminal of described GPRS communication network connects described Surveillance center; Described Surveillance center is provided with database and monitoring interface.
Described discharging computation model comprises basis discharging model and aftertreatment discharging model, the input end of described basis discharging model connects described data acquisition unit, the output terminal of described basis discharging model connects described aftertreatment discharging model, and the output terminal of described aftertreatment discharging model connects described data storage cell.
Described automobile-used emission sensor adopts NOx sensor.
Described automobile-used emission sensor adopts particle drip catcher differential pressure pickup.
A kind of diesel vehicle road discharging remote real time monitoring method of said system, it may further comprise the steps: 1) GPS gathers vehicle operation data and positional information, and sends the information that collects to data acquisition unit; Simultaneously, data acquisition unit carries out communication to diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit), after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) and automobile-used emission sensor, obtains diesel engine state parameter, the discharging needed data of computation model and after-treatment system transformation efficiency; 2) data acquisition unit is the data that obtain in the step 1), carry out corresponding data processing after, be transferred to discharging computation model and data storage cell; 3) the discharging computation model is according to the data of data acquisition unit transmission, calculate the original discharging of power performance data, economic performance data and the pollutant of diesel engine, and original discharging be multiply by the after-treatment system transformation efficiency, calculate the actual discharge data, and send the gained data to data storage cell; 4) data storage cell stores total data, and GPRS and the GPRS communication network of critical data by car-mounted terminal sent to Surveillance center; 5) Surveillance center constantly obtains the emissions data of power performance data, economic performance data and pollutant that car-mounted terminal sends from the GPRS communication network, and after corresponding data are handled, store in the database, monitoring interface shows according to data of database, finishes remote real time monitoring.
In the described step 3), calculate in the original basis discharging model that is emitted in the discharging computation model of diesel engine; In the aftertreatment discharging model of the actual discharge data of diesel engine in the discharging computation model, by original emissions data is calculated in conjunction with the after-treatment system transformation efficiency.
In the described step 4), described power performance data comprise rotating speed, throttle, torque; Described economic performance data comprise instantaneous oil consumption, accumulation oil consumption, fuel consumption per hundred kilometers.
In the described step 5), described critical data comprises pollutant emission, license number, carbon dioxide, oil consumption, the speed of a motor vehicle, mileage.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the used car-mounted terminal volume of system of the present invention is little, low in energy consumption, can under the situation that does not change the tested vehicle structure, install, make system cost low, for test fleet, test the situation of vehicle in a large number, have very big economic advantages.2, the present invention is owing to monitor simultaneously data such as the dynamic property parameter beyond the emission of diesel engine data, economy parameter, road condition parameters, and not only estimate the emission of diesel engine performance from emissions data, therefore, can realize integrality monitoring, help systematicness ground vehicular discharge is analyzed data.3, the present invention is because after being installed in car-mounted terminal on the tested vehicle, by the wireless transmitting system unit, the data that in real time measurement calculated send to Surveillance center, automatically the emissions data and other relevant data that show tested vehicle by Surveillance center in real time, and do not need artificial treatment, therefore, save human cost in a large number, improved monitoring efficient.4, the present invention adopts discharging computation model and automobile-used emission sensor such as NOx sensor, particle drip catcher differential pressure pickup, the method that combines is measured the emissions data of vehicle, and the volume of discharging computation model and automobile-used emission sensor is all smaller, can be directly installed on the diesel vehicle, and not need to take vehicle space or vehicle is reequiped.5, data acquisition unit of the present invention and data storage cell; can in for a long time, carry out real-time monitoring automatically continuously to the emission of diesel engine data; therefore; system of the present invention not only can be used for the emission monitoring in the full cycle in serviceable life of diesel vehicle; also can be used for the emission monitoring of new model during the construction cycle; it is as motor vehicle supervision department, environmental protection department, and the emission monitoring instrument in the diesel engine, diesel vehicle development, has very big popularizing application prospect.System of the present invention installs simple, and cost is low, can realize discharge measuring by remote mode, has improved convenience, the real-time of discharge measuring, can be widely used in the monitor procedure of vehicle in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is that the present invention discharges the model synoptic diagram
Fig. 5 is a specific embodiment of the invention synoptic diagram
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
The diesel emission pollutant has particle, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide etc., and wherein major pollutants are particle and oxides of nitrogen.Measurement to the diesel emission pollutant has two kinds of methods, and a kind of is directly to measure by testing tool or onboard sensor, and another kind is to calculate by setting up the discharging model.Automatically monitor emission of diesel engine in order to realize remote live, the present invention adopts the method that combines with automobile-used emission sensor of discharging model to carry out emission test, mainly finishes to main exhaust contaminant particle of diesel engine (PM) and oxides of nitrogen (N0x) discharging under the real road service condition and carries out remote real time monitoring.
Shown in Fig. 1~3, monitoring system of the present invention comprises original diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (EECU) 1 and the after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (DECU) 2 that is arranged in the vehicle after-treatment system that is arranged in the electric generator of vehicle, and be arranged on automobile-used emission sensor 3 in the vehicle after-treatment system, be arranged on the car-mounted terminal 4 on the vehicle, GPRS communication network 5, and the Surveillance center 6 that is arranged on monitoring department.
Diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 of the present invention sends the diesel engine state parameter to car-mounted terminal 4.
After-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 2 of the present invention sends transformation efficiency and other parameters of after-treatment system to car-mounted terminal 4.
Automobile-used emission sensor 3 of the present invention sends the data that collect to car-mounted terminal 4.
Car-mounted terminal 4 of the present invention comprises GPS (global positioning system unit) 41, data acquisition unit (TECU) 42, discharging computation model 43, data storage cell 44 and GPRS (wireless transmission unit) 45.
GPS41 is used for vehicle operation data (as the speed of a motor vehicle and acceleration), position information such as (as longitudes and latitudes) are gathered.
Data acquisition unit 42 is used to finish the data acquisition to diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1, after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 2 and GPS41, and the data that collect are handled, and is input to discharging computation model 43.
Discharging computation model 43 comprises basis discharging model 46 and aftertreatment discharging model 47 (as shown in Figure 4), discharging model 46 in basis is according to the data of data acquisition unit 42 inputs, calculate dynamic original emissions data in real time, aftertreatment discharging model 47 calculates related datas such as actual discharge data according to original emissions data.
Data storage cell 44 is used to store the emissions data of discharging computation model 43 outputs, and the total data of data acquisition unit 42 outputs.
GPRS45 sends to Surveillance center 6 with the critical data in the data storage cell 44 (as emissions data etc.).
Surveillance center 6 of the present invention is provided with database (not shown) and monitoring interface (not shown), Surveillance center 6 receives data storage that car-mounted terminals 4 transmit by GPRS communication network 5 in database, and it is presented on the monitoring interface, realize diesel engine road discharging remote real time monitoring.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, monitoring method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) GPS41 gathers information such as vehicle operation data, positions, and sends the information that collects to data acquisition unit 42; Simultaneously, 42 pairs of diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 of data acquisition unit, after-treatment system ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 2 and automobile-used emission sensor 3 carry out communication, obtain diesel engine state parameter, discharging computation model 43 needed data and after-treatment system transformation efficiency etc.
2) data acquisition unit 42 is the data that obtain in the step 1), carry out corresponding data processing after, be transferred to discharging computation model 43 and data storage cell 44.
3) discharging computation model 43 is according to the data of data acquisition unit 42 transmission, calculate the original discharging of power performance data (as rotating speed, throttle, torque etc.), economic performance data (as instantaneous oil consumption, accumulation oil consumption, fuel consumption per hundred kilometers etc.) and the pollutant of diesel engine, and with original discharging in conjunction with the after-treatment system transformation efficiency, calculate the actual discharge data, and send data storage cell 44 to.
4) because the GPRS45 transmitted data rates is limited, (part is that data acquisition unit directly collects to data storage cell 44 with total data, a part is to calculate through the discharging computation model) store, and GPRS45 and the GPRS communication network 5 of critical data (as pollutant emission, license number, carbon dioxide, oil consumption, the speed of a motor vehicle, mileage etc.) by car-mounted terminal 4 sent to Surveillance center 6.
5) Surveillance center 6 constantly obtains the related datas such as power performance data, economic performance data, vehicle operation data and vehicular discharge data that car-mounted terminal sends from GPRS communication network 5, and after corresponding data are handled, store in the database, monitoring interface shows according to data of database, finishes remote real time monitoring.
As shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned steps 3) in, discharging computation model 43 concrete calculation procedures are as follows:
Diesel motor ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is discharged model 46 with the basis that the diesel engine state parameter that obtains sends in the discharging computation model 43, discharging model 46 in basis calculates the basis discharging of the major pollutants oxides of nitrogen and the particle of diesel motor, and dynamic property parameter, economy parameter etc.
Aftertreatment discharging model 47 discharges the oxides of nitrogen that model 46 calculates and the basis discharging of particle with the basis, multiply by the after-treatment system transformation efficiency respectively, draw the actual emission of oxides of nitrogen and particle, and finally send actual discharge to Surveillance center 6 by GPRS communication network 5.
In the said method, in order to satisfy higher emission regulation demands, the data in the car-mounted terminal 4 obtain by the mode that discharging computation model 43 and automobile-used emission sensor 3 combine.The difference of the discharging post-processing technology that adopts according to diesel vehicle, automobile-used emission sensor 3 can adopt NOx sensor or particle drip catcher differential pressure pickup.For example adopt urea-selection catalytic reduction technology, the after-treatment system of this technology generally adds automobile-used NOx sensor, and nitrous oxides concentration behind the catalyst converter is monitored; Perhaps adopt particulate Trap Technology, the after-treatment system of this technology installs particle drip catcher differential pressure pickup additional generally in the front and back of particle trapper, and the particle trapper state is monitored.
Enumerate a specific embodiment below:
As shown in Figure 5, at the emission monitoring of using the state IV diesel oil of selecting the catalytic reduction technology, car-mounted terminal 4 is by obtaining diesel engine state parameter and automobile-used NOx sensor measurement data to the vehicle-mounted CAN network communication, by GPS 41 serial communications being obtained data such as the diesel vehicle speed of a motor vehicle, position and road conditions, calculate the diesel vehicle actual discharge by discharging computation model 43, critical data is sent to Surveillance center 6 by GPRS communication network 5.
The various embodiments described above only are used to illustrate the present invention, and wherein the structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.