A kind of method of efficient fermentative production L-Isoleucine
[technical field]: the present invention relates to a kind of method of efficient fermentative production L-Isoleucine, belong to technical field of producing amino acid by fermentation.
[background technology]: the L-Isoleucine is one of eight kinds of indispensable amino acids of human body, is again one of three kinds of branched chain amino acids simultaneously, can treat neurological disorder, appetite stimulator and anaemia, occupies the status of particularly important in human life's metabolism.But because at present the L-Isoleucine costs an arm and a leg, therefore be mainly used in the preparation mixed amino acid, be applied to high branched-chain amino acid transfusion (as the 3H transfusion etc.) and oral liquid (liver peace dry syrup etc.) especially.So Isoleucine is all having a wide range of applications aspect medicine, the food.Japan adds up to annual production 400-500 ton accounting for monopoly position aspect the production L-Isoleucine in the world at present.In view of the L-Isoleucine produce highly difficult, the L-Isoleucine is a high price amino acid always, world market pharmaceutical grade price is up to 60-80 dollar/kg.Domestic because bacterial classification produces sour poor performance, technology falls behind, and the L-Isoleucine yields poorly, and the overwhelming majority relies on import, especially pharmaceutical grade Isoleucine, consume a large amount of foreign exchanges every year.Compare with Japan, the L-Isoleucine production level of China is also very low, and the throughput of Isoleucine is also very unbecoming with China's great demand.Isoleucine fermentation is typical metabolic control fermentation, and L-Isoleucine production method has extraction method, chemical synthesis and fermentation method three classes, but on industrial production, implement at present have only fermentation method.Because L-Isoleucine and other isomer separation difficulty that chemical synthesis is produced, thereby fail to realize suitability for industrialized production.Fermentation method is exactly a metabolism of utilizing microorganism, and biosynthesizing and excess accumulation L-Isoleucine comprise and add precursor fermentation method and direct fermentation two classes.At present, that is that all right is ripe for the production technology of isoleucine fermentation.People are doing effort aspect raising Isoleucine output and transformation efficiency, mainly concentrate on aspects such as genetic engineering means directive breeding Isoleucine superior strain, fermenting process control and optimization.
In the isoleucine fermentation process, fermentation condition such as vitamin H, carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt, pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen etc. all have material impact to synthesizing of Isoleucine.Wherein, substrate (as glucose) concentration is an important parameter of control bacterial metabolism process, the main pathways metabolism of passing through the synthetic or activity influence thalline of control relevant enzyme.Glucose can check, suppress the synthetic of plurality of enzymes by " glucose effect ", and as amino acid synthetase etc., this to check effect mainly be that its catabolite causes.Be in the isoleucine fermentation of carbon source with glucose, the catabolite repression of glucose can cause the accumulation of multiple by product such as lactic acid, thereby influences glucose acid invert ratio.In addition, dissolved oxygen also is a vital factor, and the generation of heteroacid and the waste of carbon skeleton and dissolved oxygen concentration are closely related.Therefore must control suitable dissolved oxygen during the fermentation,, increase L-Isoleucine productive rate, reduce the generation of heteroacid to change the metabolism distributions.
At present, China's isoleucine fermentation industry mainly adopts the fed-batch fermentation pattern.In this production model, it is extremely important for the fermentation of Isoleucine to keep certain substrate (as glucose) concentration.For reaching the requirement of economic technology, improve glutamic acid yield in the single batch of fermenting process and will improve substrate (as glucose) concentration in the initial medium, but substrate (as glucose) excessive concentration causes that osmotic pressure is excessive, influences the output of the eubolism and the Isoleucine of thalline.Otherwise, the low growth that helps thalline of initial glucose concentration, but the residual sugar in the later stage fermentation liquid exhausts rapidly, and its throughput can not be brought into play to greatest extent.Meanwhile, in present production model, oxyty often can not be well controlled, and is not that the oxygen supply deficiency is exactly that oxygen supply is excessive, and dissolved oxygen level float very big, can not be for a long time stable maintain on the appropriate level.Under the low excessively condition of dissolved oxygen, TCA cyclic metabolism flow reduces, and is not enough to balance glucose glycolysis speed, thereby has stimulated the enzyme of serum lactic dehydrogenase to live, and the metabolism circulation is generated to lactic acid, causes the lactic acid accumulation; And dissolved oxygen is when too high, and the TCA circular flow strengthens, and generates a large amount of CO
2, causing the carbon source loss, two kinds of situations are unfavorable for that all Isoleucine generates.In addition, existing a lot of L-isoleucine fermentation culture medium prescription all can not well remove to satisfy the growth metabolism of its corresponding production bacterial strain to greatest extent and produce sour requirement.
[summary of the invention]: the objective of the invention is to overcome defectives such as existing Isoleucine production method fermentation and acid amount is lower, glucose acid invert ratio is low, a kind of method of efficient fermentative production L-Isoleucine is provided.Under the situation that does not increase extras and human input, the shortening of whole fermentation period and the raising of L-Isoleucine output and transformation efficiency have been realized.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method of a kind of efficient fermentative production L-Isoleucine provided by the invention, comprise seed culture and carry out aerobic fermentation, it is characterized in that: in the fermenting process, by regulating fermentor tank mixing speed and air quantity dissolved oxygen is controlled on the proper level, make whole fermentation process neither produce more lactic acid, also do not cause generating a large amount of CO because the TCA circular flow strengthens
2And cause carbon source to run off in a large number, and add liquefied ammonia control pH by stream, add an amount of bubble enemy froth breaking by stream, and add certain density glucose solution by stream residual sugar is controlled at certain level, make neither to produce glucose in the whole fermentation process and suppress, also do not constitute the substrate restriction, fermenting to 60h stops.
The concrete steps of this method are as follows:
(1) cultivates seed: preparation seed culture medium [glucose 3%, yeast powder 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.5% soya-bean cake hydrolyzed solution 2.5%, corn steep liquor 3%, KH
2PO
43H
2O 0.2%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.08%], 121 ℃ of sterilization 15min; Bacterial classification is inserted in the seed culture medium, and inoculum size is generally 5%; Under suitable temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen condition, control automatically and be cultured to logarithmic phase in the fermentor tank in 5L.
(2) aerobic fermentation: the kind liquid that step (1) is made is with 10%~20% inoculum size inoculation fermentation, and segmentation control fermented liquid temperature: 0~45h is 31 ℃, and 46~60h is 28 ℃; Feed suitable air, regulate the agitation as appropriate rotating speed, adopting the control of oxygen supply pattern stage by stage dissolved oxygen: 0~20h is that 25%, 20~60h is 15%; Control pH 7.0~7.2 by auto-feeding liquefied ammonia; Add an amount of bubble enemy froth breaking by stream; And to add concentration by stream be that the glucose solution of 500~800g/L is controlled at 0.8~2.0% with residual sugar, ferments to 60h to stop.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect:
Compare with existing technology, method of the present invention has following characteristics:
1, the present invention's glucose solution of adding higher concentration by proper flow is controlled at appropriate level with remaining sugar concentration, make and cause because of glucose concn is too high neither in the whole fermentation process that osmotic pressure is excessive and produce " glucose effect " and check catabolite, do not cross the low substrate restriction that constitutes because of glucose concn yet, residual sugar in the fermented liquid is exhausted rapidly, cause bacterial classification throughput not brought into play to greatest extent;
2, the present invention is controlled at oxyty on the appropriate level by suitable adjusting fermentor tank mixing speed and air quantity, making in the whole fermentation process neither causes TCA cyclic metabolism flow to reduce because of oxyty is low excessively, be not enough to balance glucose glycolysis speed, thereby stimulated the enzyme of serum lactic dehydrogenase to live, the metabolism circulation is generated to lactic acid, cause the lactic acid accumulation, also do not generate a large amount of losses that a large amount of CO2 cause carbon source because of the too high TCA of the causing circular flow of oxyty strengthens;
3, the present invention is comparing under the situation that does not increase any extras and human input with existing production technique, shortened whole fermentation period, fermentation period is cultivated and is foreshortened to 56~60h, and the output (more than the 28g/L) and the transformation efficiency (more than 18%) of L-Isoleucine have significantly been improved, whole simple operation of process, production cost is lower, and remarkable in economical benefits very is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
[embodiment]:
Embodiment 1:
The microbial strains of using produces bacterium for existing Isoleucine.Bacterial classification is inserted seed culture medium [glucose 3%, yeast powder 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.5%, soya-bean cake hydrolyzed solution 2.5%, corn steep liquor 3%, KH
2PO
43H
2O 0.2%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.08%.Transfer pH to 7.0~7.2,121 ℃ sterilization 15min with NaOH and hydrochloric acid] in, inoculum size is 5%; 31 ℃, pH be 7.0 and dissolved oxygen be to control automatically in 5L under 20% condition to cultivate 15h in the fermentor tank to the logarithmic growth middle and later periods, the inoculum size by 10% inserts and contains fermention medium [glucose 8%, ammonium sulfate 0.4%, corn steep liquor 1%, soya-bean cake hydrolyzed solution 3%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.1%, FeSO
47H
2O 0.002%, MnSO
4H
2O 0.002%, KH
2PO
40.1%, V
B10.00001%, V
H0.00001%.Transfer pH to 7.0~7.2 with NaOH and hydrochloric acid, 115 ℃ the sterilization 15min] 5L control in the fermentor tank automatically, segmentation control fermented liquid temperature 0~45h is 31 ℃, 46~60h is 28 ℃, feed suitable air, regulate the agitation as appropriate rotating speed, adopting the control of oxygen supply pattern stage by stage dissolved oxygen: 0~20h is 25%, 20~60h is 15%, control pH 7.0~7.2 by auto-feeding liquefied ammonia, add an amount of bubble enemy froth breaking by stream, and to add concentration by stream be that the glucose solution of 500g/L is controlled at 0.8% with residual sugar, fermenting to 60h stops.The output of L-Isoleucine is 28.9g/L, and glucose acid invert ratio is 18.3%.
Embodiment 2:
The microbial strains of using produces bacterium for existing Isoleucine.Bacterial classification is inserted in the seed culture medium (with embodiment 1), and inoculum size is 5%; 31 ℃, pH be 7.0 and dissolved oxygen be to control automatically in 5L under 20% condition to cultivate 15h in the fermentor tank to the logarithmic growth middle and later periods, the inoculum size by 15% inserts and contains fermention medium [glucose 10%, ammonium sulfate 0.6%, corn steep liquor 1.2%, soya-bean cake hydrolyzed solution 3.3%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.15%, FeSO
47H
2O 0.0025%, MnSO
4H
2O 0.0025%, KH
2PO
40.15%, V
B10.000015%, V
H0.000015%.Transfer pH to 7.0~7.2 with NaOH and hydrochloric acid, 115 ℃ the sterilization 15min] 5L control in the fermentor tank automatically, 31 ℃ of control fermented liquid temperature feed suitable air, regulate the agitation as appropriate rotating speed, adopting the control of oxygen supply pattern stage by stage dissolved oxygen: 0~20h is 25%, 20~60h is 15%, 7.0~7.2, adds an amount of bubble enemy froth breaking by stream by auto-feeding liquefied ammonia control pH, and to add concentration by stream be that the glucose solution of 800g/L is controlled at 0.8~2.0% with residual sugar, ferments to 60h to stop.The output of L-Isoleucine is 29.6g/L, and glucose acid invert ratio is 19.4%.
Embodiment 3:
The microbial strains of using produces bacterium for existing Isoleucine.Bacterial classification is inserted in the seed culture medium (with embodiment 1), and inoculum size is 5%; 31 ℃, pH be 7.0 and dissolved oxygen be to control automatically in 5L under 20% condition to cultivate 15h in the fermentor tank to the logarithmic growth middle and later periods, the inoculum size by 20% inserts and contains fermention medium [glucose 12%, ammonium sulfate 0.8%, corn steep liquor 1.5%, soya-bean cake hydrolyzed solution 3.5%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.2%, FeSO
47H
2O 0.003%, MnSO
4H
2O 0.003%, KH
2PO
40.2%, V
B10.00002%, V
H0.00002%.Transfer pH to 7.0~7.2 with NaOH and hydrochloric acid, 115 ℃ the sterilization 15min] 5L control in the fermentor tank automatically, segmentation control leavening temperature: 0~45h is 31 ℃, 46~60h is 28 ℃, feed suitable air, regulate the agitation as appropriate rotating speed, adopting the control of oxygen supply pattern stage by stage dissolved oxygen: 0~20h is 25%, 20~60h is 15%, control pH 7.0~7.2 by auto-feeding liquefied ammonia, add an amount of bubble enemy froth breaking by stream, and to add concentration by stream be that the glucose solution of 800g/L is controlled at 2.0% with residual sugar, fermenting to 60h stops.The output of L-Isoleucine is 31.8g/L, and glucose acid invert ratio is 20.5%.