CN101962204A - Low energy consumption method for producing fertilizer by sludge granulation-biological drying - Google Patents
Low energy consumption method for producing fertilizer by sludge granulation-biological drying Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009278 biodrying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法，先采用污泥混合机，将100份的脱水污泥和30~50份的生物干化污泥进行混合造粒，制作成初始含水率为55~65%、粒径10~20mm污泥颗粒；通过输送装置输送至布料机，将污泥颗粒均匀布料于生物干化仓内；接着对堆体进行通风，使物料发生生物干化反应，通风量为0.05~0.10m3/(m3·min)；物料进行4~8d的生化升温反应后，含水率可降至35%以下；最后将生物干化后的污泥与无机肥混合，调配营养后进行造粒烘干，制成有机-无机复混肥。本方法在启动初期添加木屑、秸秆等外源辅料，正常运营时，采用生物干化后污泥作为辅料，降低了对外源添加剂的依赖。将发酵物料制作为颗粒状后进行生物干化，物料结构疏松，利于通风和生化反应，生化反应时间不到堆肥发酵时间的1/3，臭气产生量小，运行成本低廉，经济效益十分明显。
The invention relates to a low-energy sludge granulation-biological drying method for making fertilizer. First, a sludge mixer is used to mix and granulate 100 parts of dewatered sludge and 30 to 50 parts of biological drying sludge. Made into sludge particles with an initial moisture content of 55-65% and a particle size of 10-20mm; transported to the distributor through a conveying device, and evenly distribute the sludge particles in the biological drying bin; then ventilate the pile to make the material The biological drying reaction occurs, and the ventilation rate is 0.05~0.10m 3 /(m 3 ·min); after 4~8 days of biochemical heating reaction of the material, the moisture content can be reduced to below 35%; finally, the biologically dried sewage The mud is mixed with inorganic fertilizers, granulated and dried after nutrient deployment to make organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. In this method, exogenous auxiliary materials such as sawdust and straw are added at the initial stage of start-up, and biologically dried sludge is used as auxiliary materials during normal operation, which reduces the dependence on exogenous additives. The fermentation material is made into granules and then biologically dried. The material structure is loose, which is conducive to ventilation and biochemical reactions. The biochemical reaction time is less than 1/3 of the composting fermentation time. The amount of odor is small, the operating cost is low, and the economic benefits are very obvious. .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明为一种低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法，属于环保领域中污泥处理技术领域。The invention relates to a method for producing fertilizer through sludge granulation and biological drying with low energy consumption, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment in the field of environmental protection.
背景技术 Background technique
近年来，随着城市化进程的加快和人们生活水平的提高，城市污水排放量不断增加，污水处理厂数量不断增长，污水处理厂的污泥的产量也随之快速增长。据“十一五”规划，到2010年，我国城市污水处理率不低于70%，污水处理能力将达1×108 m3/d，城市干污泥的产量将会超过1×106 t/d。城市污水厂污泥含水率高、易腐烂、有恶臭，并含有寄生虫、病原微生物和重金属等有害物质，如处理不善，将会成为新的污染源，使人们费尽心机进行的污水处理前功尽弃。In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, the discharge of urban sewage has continued to increase, the number of sewage treatment plants has continued to increase, and the output of sludge from sewage treatment plants has also increased rapidly. According to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", by 2010, the urban sewage treatment rate in China will not be lower than 70%, the sewage treatment capacity will reach 1×10 8 m 3 /d, and the output of urban dry sludge will exceed 1×10 6 t/d. Sludge from urban sewage plants has a high moisture content, is perishable, has a stench, and contains harmful substances such as parasites, pathogenic microorganisms, and heavy metals. If it is not handled properly, it will become a new source of pollution, and the sewage treatment that people have worked hard to do is in vain.
目前，国内外污泥处理的主要方式为填埋、焚烧、热干化、堆肥以及建材生产。在很多发达国家，污泥填埋已经被法律禁止，其处理的主要方式逐渐转移以资源化利用为目标特征。其中堆肥发酵法，具有稳定化、无害化及资源化的优势，但需要近30天的处理时间，导致占地面积大，处理效率较低。另外，脱水污泥含水率高，C/N比较低，结构粘稠致密不透气，直接进行堆肥发酵处理效果极差。At present, the main methods of sludge treatment at home and abroad are landfill, incineration, thermal drying, composting and building material production. In many developed countries, sludge landfilling has been banned by law, and the main method of its treatment has gradually shifted to resource utilization. Among them, the composting fermentation method has the advantages of stabilization, harmlessness and resource utilization, but requires nearly 30 days of processing time, resulting in a large footprint and low processing efficiency. In addition, dewatered sludge has high moisture content, low C/N ratio, thick and dense structure and airtight structure, and the effect of direct composting and fermentation treatment is extremely poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服以上存在的技术问题，本发明旨在提供一种低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法，通过将污泥和辅料颗粒化后进行生物干化，有效改善了堆体物料的供氧状况，大大缩短了污泥类有机质的腐熟时间；除启动初期加入外源添加剂外，正常运营时，采用生物干化后污泥作为辅料，降低了对外源添加剂的依赖；将生物干化后的污泥制成无害化有机-无机复混肥，实现污泥的资源化。In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a low-energy sludge granulation-biological drying method for making fertilizers. By granulating sludge and auxiliary materials and then performing biological drying, the heap material is effectively improved. Oxygen supply conditions, greatly shortening the sludge organic matter decomposition time; In addition to adding exogenous additives in the initial stage of start-up, during normal operation, biologically dried sludge is used as an auxiliary material, which reduces the dependence on exogenous additives; The treated sludge is made into harmless organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to realize the resource utilization of sludge.
本发明提出的一种低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法，具体步骤如下：A kind of low energy consumption sludge granulation-biological drying method for making fertilizer proposed by the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:
（1）污泥造粒(1) Sludge granulation
采用污泥混合机，将100份的脱水污泥和30~50份的辅料按比例进行混合造粒，制作成初始含水率为60~65%的污泥颗粒；Using a sludge mixer, 100 parts of dewatered sludge and 30-50 parts of auxiliary materials are mixed and granulated in proportion to make sludge granules with an initial moisture content of 60-65%;
（2）生物干化堆体构建(2) Construction of biological dry pile
将步骤(1)所得污泥颗粒通过输送装置输送至布料机，均匀布料于生物干化仓内，形成生物干化堆体；The sludge particles obtained in step (1) are transported to the distributing machine through the conveying device, and evenly distributed in the biological drying bin to form a biological drying pile;
（3）通风生物干化(3) Ventilated biological drying
将步骤(2)所得生物干化堆体从物料堆体底部自下而上通风，进行生物反应，将步骤(2)所得生物干化堆体从物料堆体底部自下而上通风，进行生物反应；The biological drying pile obtained in step (2) is ventilated from the bottom of the material pile to carry out the biological reaction, and the biological drying pile obtained in step (2) is ventilated from the bottom of the material pile to carry out biological reaction. reaction;
(4) 将生物干化后的污泥与无机肥混合，调配营养后进行造粒烘干，制成有机-无机复混肥。(4) Mix the biologically dried sludge with inorganic fertilizers, prepare nutrients and then granulate and dry to make organic-inorganic compound fertilizers.
本发明中，秸秆或木屑与脱水污泥按1：1的体积比加入，正常运营时，采用生物干化后污泥，100份的脱水污泥中加入30~50份的生物干化后污泥，污泥颗粒的粒径为10~20mm。In the present invention, straw or sawdust and dewatered sludge are added at a volume ratio of 1:1. During normal operation, biologically dried sludge is used, and 30 to 50 parts of biologically dried sludge is added to 100 parts of dewatered sludge. Sludge, the particle size of sludge particles is 10~20mm.
本发明中，步骤(2)中采用布料机将污泥颗粒均匀布料于生物干化仓，仓体三面为砖砌墙体，底部布有通风沟槽；形成的物料堆高为1.0~2.0m。In the present invention, in the step (2), the sludge particles are evenly distributed in the biological drying bin by using a distributing machine. The three sides of the bin body are brick walls, and the bottom is equipped with ventilation grooves; the height of the formed material pile is 1.0~2.0m .
本发明中，步骤(3)中所述生物反应中，干化时间为4~8天，通风量为0.05~0.10 m3/(m3·min)。In the present invention, in the biological reaction described in step (3), the drying time is 4-8 days, and the ventilation rate is 0.05-0.10 m 3 /(m 3 ·min).
本发明有益的效果：Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. 本发明中将脱水污泥和生物干化污泥进行混合造粒后进行生物干化，堆体空隙率可达20~30%，有效改善了发酵堆体的供氧状况，污泥类有机质在4~8d内便可稳定，生物干化反应速率得到提高，干化时间大大缩短，不及堆肥发酵时间的1/3。1. In the present invention, the dewatered sludge and the biologically dried sludge are mixed and granulated, and then biologically dried. The porosity of the pile can reach 20-30%, which effectively improves the oxygen supply of the fermentation pile. The organic matter can be stabilized within 4-8 days, the biological drying reaction rate is improved, and the drying time is greatly shortened, which is less than 1/3 of the compost fermentation time.
2. 将生物干化后的污泥制成无害化全营养复混肥，既能解决常规污泥处置过程中成本高以及可能的二次污染等问题，又能解决无机化肥营养不全，造成土壤板结、碱化、营养失调及农作物变异等问题，实现了污泥无害化、资源化处置。2. The biologically dried sludge is made into a harmless full-nutrient compound fertilizer, which can not only solve the problems of high cost and possible secondary pollution in the conventional sludge disposal process, but also solve the problem of nutritional insufficiency of inorganic fertilizers, resulting in Solve problems such as soil compaction, alkalization, nutritional imbalance and crop variation, and realize the harmless and resourceful disposal of sludge.
3. 本发明中，除工艺启动初期采用秸秆、木屑等作为辅料外，在正常运营时，则以生物干化污泥为辅料。生物干化后污泥作为辅料，其结构蓬松，吸水能力强，同时含有大量的微生物，是良好的膨松剂、水分调节剂和接种剂，且其简单易得，供应充足。将其作为污泥生物干化的辅料，能有效缩短堆肥周期，减少臭气的产生，降低对外源添加剂的依赖，1吨污泥可节省1吨的木屑外源添加剂。3. In the present invention, in addition to using straw, sawdust, etc. as auxiliary materials at the initial stage of process start-up, biologically dried sludge is used as auxiliary materials during normal operation. The sludge after biological drying is used as an auxiliary material. It has a fluffy structure, strong water absorption capacity, and contains a large number of microorganisms. It is a good leavening agent, moisture regulator and inoculant. Using it as an auxiliary material for sludge biological drying can effectively shorten the composting cycle, reduce the generation of odor, and reduce the dependence on external additives. 1 ton of sludge can save 1 ton of wood chip external additives.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明中的低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法工艺流程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the low-energy sludge granulation-biological drying method for making fertilizer in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。The present invention is further illustrated below by way of examples.
实施例1Example 1
表1 某地污水处理厂脱水污泥性质分析Table 1 Analysis of the properties of dewatered sludge from a sewage treatment plant in a certain place
采用一种低能耗的污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料方法处理该厂的脱水污泥，具体工艺流程图请看图1，具体步骤如下：（1）制备初次回料：先采用污泥混合机，将脱水污泥和木屑按体积比1:1进行混合造粒，制作成初始含水率为60~65%、粒径10~20mm污泥颗粒；然后通过输送装置输送至布料机，将污泥颗粒均匀布料于生物发酵仓内，发酵仓三面为砖砌墙体，底部布有三道通风沟槽，物料堆高为1.0~2.0m；接着对堆体进行通风，使物料发生生物干化反应，通风量为0.05~0.10 m3/(m3·min)；物料进行6d生化升温反应后，含水率可降至35%以下，即得初次回料。（2）污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料的正式运营：先采用污泥混合机，将100份的脱水污泥和30~50份的以上所得的生物干化后污泥回料进行混合造粒，制作成初始含水率为55~65%、粒径10~20mm污泥颗粒；然后通过输送装置输送至布料机，将污泥颗粒均匀布料于生物干化仓内，生物干化仓三面为砖砌墙体，底部布有通风沟槽，物料堆高为1.0~2.0m；接着对堆体进行通风，使物料发生生物干化反应，通风量为0.05~0.10 m3/(m3·min)；物料进行6d的生化升温反应后，物料含水率可降至35%以下；最后将生物干化后的污泥与无机肥混合，调配营养后进行造粒烘干，制成有机-无机复混肥。脱水污泥与以上所得部分生物干化成品按步骤（2）进行再次颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料。该运营厂共设有6个生物干化仓，依次堆放1~6d的生物干化物料，保证了脱水污泥颗粒化-生物干化制作肥料工艺的连续运行。A low-energy sludge granulation-biological drying fertilizer method is used to treat the dewatered sludge in this plant. Please refer to Figure 1 for the specific process flow chart. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Prepare the initial return material: first use the sludge Mixer, the dewatered sludge and wood chips are mixed and granulated according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the initial moisture content is 60~65%, and the particle size is 10~20mm. Sludge particles are evenly distributed in the biological fermentation bin. The three sides of the fermentation bin are brick walls, and there are three ventilation grooves at the bottom. The height of the material pile is 1.0~2.0m; then the pile is ventilated to make the material dry biologically For the reaction, the ventilation rate is 0.05~0.10 m 3 /(m 3 ·min); after the material undergoes 6 days of biochemical heating reaction, the moisture content can be reduced to below 35%, that is, the first return material is obtained. (2) Formal operation of sludge granulation-biological drying to make fertilizer: first use a sludge mixer to mix 100 parts of dewatered sludge and 30-50 parts of the above-mentioned biologically dried sludge return material Granulation, made into sludge particles with an initial moisture content of 55-65% and a particle size of 10-20mm; then transported to the distribution machine through a conveying device, and evenly distribute the sludge particles in the biological drying bin, and the three sides of the biological drying bin It is a brick wall with ventilation grooves on the bottom, and the material pile height is 1.0~2.0m; then the pile is ventilated to make the materials undergo biological drying reaction, and the ventilation volume is 0.05~0.10 m 3 /(m 3 · min); after the material undergoes 6 days of biochemical heating reaction, the moisture content of the material can be reduced to less than 35%; finally, the biologically dried sludge is mixed with inorganic fertilizer, and after the nutrition is prepared, it is granulated and dried to make an organic-inorganic Compound fertilizer. The dewatered sludge and part of the bio-drying products obtained above are re-granulated according to step (2)-biological drying to make fertilizer. The operating plant has a total of 6 biological drying warehouses, which stack 1~6d biological drying materials in sequence, ensuring the continuous operation of the dewatered sludge granulation-biological drying fertilizer production process.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102531319A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 宜兴能达环保科技有限公司 | Organic water-containing material dewatering and drying method and device |
| CN102887616A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Low strength continuous aeration quick biological drying method |
| CN103496834A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-08 | 河南金谷实业发展有限公司 | Dehydration method for reducing water content of sludge in microbial fermentation way |
| CN103864274A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 同济大学 | Biological drying treatment method for high-solid-content sludge obtained by anaerobic digestion |
| CN105000776A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-28 | 天津霍普环保科技有限公司 | Sludge deep-dewatering bio-drying integrated treatment method |
| CN106008106A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 兰州交通大学 | Sludge-based charcoal loessal soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503239A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆渝水环保科技有限公司 | A kind of dewatered sludge prepares the method for organic fertilizer and the gardens compound fertilizer containing the organic fertilizer |
| GB2616335A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-06 | Jacobs Eng Group Inc | Methods for increasing biosolids cake dryness through a forced ventilation aerated static pile biological drying process |
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| CN102887616A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Low strength continuous aeration quick biological drying method |
| CN102531319A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 宜兴能达环保科技有限公司 | Organic water-containing material dewatering and drying method and device |
| CN103496834A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-08 | 河南金谷实业发展有限公司 | Dehydration method for reducing water content of sludge in microbial fermentation way |
| CN103496834B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-09-09 | 河南金谷实业发展有限公司 | A kind of fermentable that utilizes is to reduce the dewatering of moisture percentage in sewage sludge |
| CN103864274A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 同济大学 | Biological drying treatment method for high-solid-content sludge obtained by anaerobic digestion |
| CN105000776A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-28 | 天津霍普环保科技有限公司 | Sludge deep-dewatering bio-drying integrated treatment method |
| CN106008106A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 兰州交通大学 | Sludge-based charcoal loessal soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503239A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆渝水环保科技有限公司 | A kind of dewatered sludge prepares the method for organic fertilizer and the gardens compound fertilizer containing the organic fertilizer |
| GB2616335A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-06 | Jacobs Eng Group Inc | Methods for increasing biosolids cake dryness through a forced ventilation aerated static pile biological drying process |
| GB2616335B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2025-02-12 | Jacobs Eng Group Inc | Methods for increasing biosolids cake dryness through a forced ventilation aerated static pile biological drying process |
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