CN101951135B - Flyback switching power supply and over-current protection method thereof - Google Patents
Flyback switching power supply and over-current protection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a flyback switching power supply and an over-current protection method thereof. The over-current protection method of the flyback switching power supply comprises the following steps of: starting a current close loop control circuit to output a first error voltage when an output current is more than a rated current; starting a voltage close loop control circuit to output a second error voltage when the output current is more than the rated current; converting the first error voltage into a first error current or the second error voltage into a second error current through an optocoupler; and controlling the output current based on the first error current or controlling the output voltage based on the second error current through a control chip. The over-current protection method is characterized in that the power is supplied to the current close loop control circuit, the voltage close loop control circuit and the optocoupler through a voltage stabilization chip so that the switching power supply outputs the constant output current when the output current is more than the rated current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and over-current protection method thereof, realize inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and the constant current mode over-current protection method thereof of constant current output when relating in particular to a kind of overcurrent.
Background technology
Inverse-excitation type switch power-supply has been widely used in every field, and Fig. 1 shows the overcurrent protection schematic diagram of conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, and it has current closed-loop control circuit and voltage close loop control circuit.Wherein, consisted of the current closed-loop control circuit by operational amplifier 1 and the diode that is connected in series at operational amplifier 1 output; Consisted of the voltage close loop control circuit by the diode that is connected in series on operational amplifier 2 and operational amplifier 2 outputs.During less than rated current, realize constant voltage work by the voltage close loop control circuit at the output current of output loop.When output voltage during greater than rated voltage, the voltage close loop control circuit is exported the second error voltage, and optocoupler is transformed into the second error current with the second error voltage, is coupled to the error input of control chip, control chip regulation output duty ratio realizes the constant voltage output of Switching Power Supply; At the output current of output loop during greater than rated current, the work of current closed-loop control circuit, when output current during greater than rated current, the current closed-loop control circuit is exported the first error voltage, optocoupler is transformed into the first error current with the first error voltage, be coupled to the error input of control chip, control chip regulation output duty ratio, the constant current output of realization Switching Power Supply.
In conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply shown in Figure 1, the supply power voltage of operational amplifier 1, optocoupler and reference voltage source U2 is all provided by the output voltage of output loop.In this case, when output current during greater than rated current, the output voltage of output loop will descend, when output voltage drops to the voltage of operational amplifier 1, optocoupler and reference voltage source U2 cisco unity malfunction, operational amplifier 1, optocoupler and reference voltage source U2 cisco unity malfunction are then exported feedback control loop with cisco unity malfunction.
Therefore, during greater than rated current (that is, overcurrent), can only bring in the control overcurrent at output current by input, namely only have the protected mode that adopts the restriction maximum output current to make the normal operation of output feedback control loop.Generally speaking, the set point of overcurrent is at the 110%-130% of rated current.
Fig. 2 shows the output voltage of conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and the relation between the output current.In Fig. 2, Ue represents rated output voltage, and Ig represents the overcurrent protection electric current, and it is generally the 110%-130% of rated current.As shown in Figure 2, at output current not during overcurrent, Switching Power Supply is with the constant voltage output of rated voltage, when output current increases above rated current, along with the increase of output current, output voltage reduces, and output voltage values is reduced to 0, because output loop resistance exists, output voltage values can not be 0 under actual conditions.
Therefore, can find out constant current overcurrent protection when conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply can not be realized overload or short circuit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and over-current protection method thereof; output current not during overcurrent Switching Power Supply export in the constant voltage mode; Switching Power Supply is exported with current constant mode when the output current overcurrent; therefore; this Switching Power Supply not only can be operated in constant voltage mode but also can be operated in constant current mode, thus Switching Power Supply constant current overcurrent protection in the time of can realizing overload or short circuit.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, inverse-excitation type switch power-supply over-current protection method of the present invention comprises: during greater than rated current, the starting current closed control circuit is exported the first error voltage at output current; During greater than rated voltage, the starting resistor closed control circuit is exported the second error voltage at output voltage; By optocoupler the first error voltage is transformed into the first error current or the second error voltage is transformed into the second error current; And by control chip, control output current or control output voltage based on the second error current based on the first error current; It is characterized in that, come to current closed-loop control circuit, voltage close loop control circuit and optocoupler power supply by a voltage stabilizing chip, so that described Switching Power Supply is at output current output constant output current during greater than rated current.
Preferably, give described voltage stabilizing chip power supply by the output loop of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply.
The size of the constant output current of described Switching Power Supply output when preferably, changing output current greater than rated current by the size that changes the sampling resistor on the output loop.
The present invention also provides a kind of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, and it comprises: output loop provides output voltage and output current; The current closed-loop control circuit, it exports the first error voltage during greater than rated current at output current; The voltage close loop control circuit, it exports the second error voltage during greater than rated voltage at output voltage; Optocoupler, it is transformed into the first error voltage the first error current or the second error voltage is transformed into the second error current; And control chip, it is controlled output current or controls output voltage based on the second error current based on the first error current; It is characterized in that, also comprise the voltage stabilizing chip, be used for to current closed-loop control circuit, voltage close loop control circuit and optocoupler power supply, so that described Switching Power Supply is at output current output constant output current during greater than rated current.
Preferably, described output loop comprises for the sampling resistor that output current is sampled.
Preferably, the resistance of described sampling resistor is the milliohm level.
Preferably, described current closed-loop control circuit comprises the first operational amplifier, have first input end and the second input, first input end is inverting input, be provided the voltage of expression output current, the second input is in-phase input end, is provided the first reference voltage, and its first output end voltage is the first error voltage; With the first diode, itself and the first operational amplifier collaborative work are when output current during greater than rated current, so that optocoupler transforms the first error voltage.
Preferably, described voltage stabilizing chip is given the power supply of the first operational amplifier, and the first reference voltage is provided by described voltage stabilizing chip.
Preferably, described voltage close loop control circuit, comprise the second operational amplifier, have the 3rd input and four-input terminal, the 3rd input is in-phase input end, is provided the second reference voltage, and four-input terminal is inverting input, be provided output voltage, its second output end voltage is the second error voltage; With the second diode, itself and the second operational amplifier collaborative work are when output voltage during greater than rated voltage, so that optocoupler transforms the second error voltage.
Preferably, the second reference voltage is provided by described voltage stabilizing chip.
In the present invention, the voltage stabilizing chip is provided, in order to give each assembly power supply in the Switching Power Supply, thereby when the output current of output loop causes output voltage to descend greater than rated current, the supply power voltage of each assembly in the Switching Power Supply can not descend along with the decline of output voltage, but the burning voltage that is provided by the voltage stabilizing chip is provided.Like this, each assembly of Switching Power Supply can work, thereby voltage close loop control circuit and current closed-loop control circuit can work.Therefore, according to the present invention, realize constant voltage output during greater than rated voltage at output voltage, realize constant current output at output current during greater than rated current, can when Switching Power Supply overcurrent and short circuit, realize the constant current overcurrent protection.
The advantages such as it is fast that this voltage and current double circle controling mode makes system have transient response, and the stability of a system is strong have improved the performance of Switching Power Supply simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Below with reference to accompanying drawings exemplary embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply;
Fig. 2 shows the output current of conventional inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and the relation between the output voltage;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 4 shows according to the output current of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply of the present invention and the relation between the output voltage.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, provide with reference to the accompanying drawings the description of exemplary embodiment of the present.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams that inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and wherein, this inverse-excitation type switch power-supply adopts double circle controling mode to realize the constant current mode overcurrent protection.
Inverse-excitation type switch power-supply shown in Figure 3 comprises transformer, output voltage is that Vo and output current are Io on its secondary winding side output loop, be connected in series a sampling resistor R1 that output current Io is sampled on the output loop, the end CGND ground connection of sampling resistor R1 wherein, other end GNDO is connected with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier 1.
In the inverse-excitation type switch power-supply as shown in Figure 3, used two operational amplifiers to realize two closed-loop controls, one is the voltage close loop control circuit, and another is the current closed-loop control circuit.The voltage close loop control circuit comprises the second operational amplifier 2 and the second diode D2, and wherein the second operational amplifier 2 is the Voltage Feedback error amplifier; And the current closed-loop control circuit comprises the first operational amplifier 1 and the first diode D1, and wherein the first operational amplifier 1 is the current feedback error amplifier.U2 provides reference voltage for a reference voltage source to operational amplifier 1 and 2.This inverse-excitation type switch power-supply also comprises a 5V voltage stabilizing chip U1, its input terminal IN is connected with the terminal 8 of transformer secondary output winding side output loop by diode D5, its lead-out terminal OUT provides the constant voltage of 5V, is used for to the first operational amplifier 1, optocoupler L and reference voltage U2 power supply.
Switching Power Supply as shown in Figure 3, overcurrent is not (namely when Switching Power Supply, the output current Io of transformer is less than rated current) time voltage close loop control output, the pressure sampling circuit that output voltage V o forms by resistance R 5, R6 is input to the inverting input 6 of the second operational amplifier 2, thereby and with the in-phase input end 5 of the second operational amplifier 2 on the output 7 that compares at the second operational amplifier 2 of the second reference voltage of providing of voltage stabilizing didoe U2 produce corresponding the second error voltage.With manner known in the art, the second reference voltage is arranged (namely, U2 is selected), so that at output voltage during greater than rated voltage, input voltage on the inverting input 6 of the second operational amplifier 2 is greater than the input voltage on the in-phase input end 5, then the second operational amplifier 2 output error voltages at this moment, are converted into error current by optocoupler with error voltage.
At this moment, because the transformer output current is less, so the voltage at R1 two ends is less, the current feedback error amplifier (namely, the first operational amplifier 1) input voltage on the inverting input 2 is less, this moment is for the first operational amplifier 1, with manner known in the art, input voltage on the in-phase input end 3 is arranged, so that the input voltage on the in-phase input end 3 is greater than the input voltage on the inverting input 2, the output voltage of the output 1 of the first operational amplifier 1 is high potential, diode D1 cut-off this moment.
At this moment, the second error voltage is transformed into error current by the optocoupler of optocoupler L, is coupled to the error input of control chip, and as its input, control chip is realized the constant voltage output of Switching Power Supply by this error input regulation output duty ratio.
When the Switching Power Supply overcurrent (namely, output current is greater than rated current) time current closed-loop control output, output current is sampled by sampling resistor R1, when electric current passes through R1, produces voltage drop as the input voltage on the inverting input 2 of the first operational amplifier 1 at R1.The reference voltage that U2 produces is by R2, R3 dividing potential drop the first reference voltage as the first operational amplifier 1, as the input voltage on the in-phase input end 3 of the first operational amplifier 1.Input voltage and the input voltage on the in-phase input end 3 on the inverting input 2 of the first operational amplifier 1 relatively produce corresponding the first error voltage mutually, output voltage as the output 1 of the first operational amplifier 1, increase along with output current, input voltage on the inverting input 2 rises, and the second reference voltage is arranged (namely, to resistance R 2, R3 and U2 select), so that at output current during greater than rated current, input voltage on the in-phase input end 3 of the first operational amplifier 1 is less than the input voltage on the inverting input 2, the output error voltage of the output 1 of the first operational amplifier 1 is converted into error current by optocoupler at this moment.
At this moment, because the transformer output current is excessive, so output voltage V o diminishes, this moment is for the second operational amplifier 2, input voltage on the in-phase input end 5 is greater than the input voltage on the inverting input 6, the output 7 of the second operational amplifier 2 is output as high potential, diode D2 cut-off this moment.
Compare with the inverse-excitation type switch power-supply overcurrent protection mode of prior art shown in Figure 1; as shown in Figure 3 according to inverse-excitation type switch power-supply of the present invention in; when causing output voltage V o to descend when Switching Power Supply overcurrent and short circuit; because the first operational amplifier 1, optocoupler L and reference power supply U2 are powered by voltage stabilizing chip U1; so each assembly in the inverse-excitation type switch power-supply can both work, namely exporting feedback loop can work.
At this moment, the first error voltage is transformed into the first error current by the optocoupler of optocoupler L, is coupled to input, and as the error input of control chip, control chip is by this error input, and the regulation output duty ratio realizes constant current output.
That is to say, during greater than rated current, current feedback loop and voltage feedback loop can both work at output current, thereby realize constant current output.Therefore, Switching Power Supply is more stable.
Wherein, can change the size of Switching Power Supply constant current output electric current by the size that changes sampling resistor R1, the resistance of general employing resistance R 1 is the milliohm level.
Fig. 4 shows according to output voltage of the present invention and output current relation.In Fig. 4, abscissa represents output current Io, and ordinate represents output voltage U o, and Ue represents rated output voltage, and Ie represents specified output current.Power supply output rated voltage Ue when output open circuit, output current is 0.When output termination load, and when reduce the resistance of load, the output current increase, when output current during less than rated current, output voltage is constant, and Switching Power Supply is with constant voltage mode work.When output current was increased to rated current, constant output current was Ie when continuing to reduce the resistance of load, and output voltage values is reduced to 0, because output loop resistance exists, output voltage values can not be 0 under actual conditions.The size of output-current rating can change by the resistance of sampling electricity group R1.
Table 1 and table 2 show according to two examples when output-current rating is respectively 1A and 2A of the present invention.
Table 1: the relation of output voltage and output current when rated current is 1A
| Output voltage (V) | 5.002 | 5.001 | 5.001 | 4.503 | 3.650 | 0.956 |
| Output current (A) | 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Table 2: the relation of output voltage and output current when rated current is 2A
| Output voltage (V) | 5.002 | 5.000 | 5.000 | 4.380 | 3.360 | 1.123 |
| Output current (A) | 0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Wherein, by changing the sampling resistor R1 of output loop series connection, output-current rating is set.
From table 1 and table 2, can find out, adopt this constant current mode over-current protection method can play good overcurrent protection, realize simultaneously constant current output.Circuit design is simple, cost is low, dynamic response is fast, control precision is high.
The present invention can be used in the design of output feedback control loop on Switching Power Supply, DC/DC and the charger, realizes two closed-loop controls of output voltage output current, and Switching Power Supply not only can be operated in constant voltage mode but also can be operated in constant current mode like this.Do not work in the constant voltage mode during overcurrent at switch power supply output current, during overcurrent with constant current mode operation.Employing resistance by output loop series connection can arrange output-current rating, when output current works in constant voltage mode during less than output-current rating, when output overcurrent with the rated current constant current output.
Claims (10)
1. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply over-current protection method comprises:
During greater than rated current, the starting current closed control circuit is exported the first error voltage at output current;
During greater than rated voltage, the starting resistor closed control circuit is exported the second error voltage at output voltage;
By optocoupler the first error voltage is transformed into the first error current or the second error voltage is transformed into the second error current; And
By control chip, control output current or control output voltage based on the second error current based on the first error current;
It is characterized in that, come to current closed-loop control circuit, voltage close loop control circuit and optocoupler power supply by a voltage stabilizing chip, so that described Switching Power Supply is at output current output constant output current during greater than rated current.
2. method according to claim 1 wherein, is given described voltage stabilizing chip power supply by the output loop of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, the size of the constant output current of described Switching Power Supply output when changing output current greater than rated current by the size that changes the sampling resistor on the output loop.
4. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply comprises:
Output loop provides output voltage and output current;
The current closed-loop control circuit, it exports the first error voltage during greater than rated current at output current;
The voltage close loop control circuit, it exports the second error voltage during greater than rated voltage at output voltage;
Optocoupler, it is transformed into the first error voltage the first error current or the second error voltage is transformed into the second error current; And
Control chip, it is controlled output current or controls output voltage based on the second error current based on the first error current;
It is characterized in that, also comprise the voltage stabilizing chip, be used for to current closed-loop control circuit, voltage close loop control circuit and optocoupler power supply, so that described Switching Power Supply is at output current output constant output current during greater than rated current.
5. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 4, described output loop comprises sampling resistor, it is used for output current is sampled.
6. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 5, the resistance of described sampling resistor is the milliohm level.
7. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 4, described current closed-loop control circuit comprises the first operational amplifier, have first input end, the second input and the first output, first input end is inverting input, be provided the voltage of expression output current, the second input is in-phase input end, is provided the first reference voltage, and the voltage on the first output is the first error voltage; With the first diode, itself and the first operational amplifier collaborative work are when output current during greater than rated current, so that optocoupler transforms the first error voltage.
8. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 7, described voltage stabilizing chip are given the power supply of the first operational amplifier, and the first reference voltage is provided by described voltage stabilizing chip.
9. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 4, described voltage close loop control circuit, comprise the second operational amplifier, have the 3rd input, four-input terminal and the second output, the 3rd input is in-phase input end, is provided the second reference voltage, and four-input terminal is inverting input, be provided output voltage, the voltage on the second output is the second error voltage; With the second diode, itself and the second operational amplifier collaborative work are when output voltage during greater than rated voltage, so that optocoupler transforms the second error voltage.
10. inverse-excitation type switch power-supply according to claim 9, wherein the second reference voltage is provided by described voltage stabilizing chip.
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| JP2013186721A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Power supply circuit and electronic control device using the same |
| CN103474963A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Output over-voltage protection circuit of switching power supply |
| CN106849660B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2023-06-23 | 杰华特微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit and control method thereof |
| CN108594059B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广州柴油机厂股份有限公司 | Method for detecting short-circuit fault by using switching power supply |
| CN110572046A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | DC/DC converter |
| CN112072903A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Load protection device and method of flyback transformer switching power supply and electrical equipment |
| CN112533331B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-04-07 | 广东新昇电业科技股份有限公司 | Automatic following constant power circuit of LED constant current source |
| CN112533330B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-04-07 | 广东新昇电业科技股份有限公司 | LED constant current driving power supply |
| CN117996928B (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-07-05 | 上海迈相电源技术有限公司 | Multi-port output charger and control method thereof |
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| WO2009119617A1 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-01 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Electric power device, and lighting fixture |
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| JP2003333836A (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Dc-dc converter |
| CN2938554Y (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2007-08-22 | Bcd半导体制造有限公司 | Switch mode power supply and its overvoltage protection circuit |
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