CN101942140A - Wood plastic composite foaming material and forming process and equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wood plastic composite foaming material and a forming process and forming equipment thereof. The diameters of foam holes of the wood plastic composite foaming material are 0.01 to 5 millimeters; and the main component of the material is a mixture of thermoplastic plastic and plant fiber powder, or a mixture of thermoplastic plastic, starch and plant fiber powder, or a mixture of thermoplastic plastic, rubber powder and plant fiber powder. The invention also relates to the forming process and the forming equipment for the wood plastic composite foaming material. The wood plastic composite foaming material has the advantages of low density, high strength and low production cost, is suitable to be used as a packing material for various commodities, a buffering member for various devices, an elastic member of a product such as a sofa, a mattress, a sole and the like and a structural component of a household electric appliance, and is used for replacing wood for manufacturing floors, handrails, doors and windows, resting chairs used in gardens and the like.

Description

A wood-plastic composite foam material and its molding process and equipment

technical field

The invention relates to a foaming material and its molding process and equipment, in particular to a wood-plastic composite foaming material and its molding process and equipment.

Background technique

Wood-plastic composite foaming material is a new generation of green and environmentally friendly materials that has developed very rapidly in the world recently. Its raw materials are mainly natural plant fibers, thermoplastics (including various recycled plastics, plastic raw materials) or starch, and related modifications. agents and processing aids. It is a lightweight, highly cushioned and resilient material. Compared with pure plastic, this material has higher natural degradation rate, lower material cost, and enhanced performance. It has become a widely concerned new material for replacing wood and plastic, and has been widely used in the world.

In the extrusion molding technology of wood-plastic composite foam materials, according to the molding method, it is divided into hot runner traction method and cold runner ejection method. The composite material processed by the hot runner traction method has low wood fiber content, relatively low material viscosity, high parison strength, often accompanied by foaming, similar to thermoplastic processing, and can be divided into one-step method and two-step method. The cold runner method is to extrude the fully plasticized material from the extruder, and after quenching and solidifying in the forming area of the flow channel of the head, the melt pressure increases, and a relatively dense material is formed in the flow channel in front of the screw. Stacking, the embryonic form is like a solid plug, and is finally ejected into shape in a positive displacement manner.

Compared with other pure plastic materials and other plastic composite materials, wood-plastic composite materials have very different properties. First of all, wood (plant) fibers usually contain a lot of water and are difficult to dry completely, and are prone to agglomeration, decomposition and carbonization at high temperatures; Melting will occur, and this state brings great difficulties to the orientation and dispersion of plant fibers in the melt. This requires: first, there must be a forced feeding device to ensure the consistency of the mixing ratio between the plant fiber and the plastic melt, and to ensure the uniformity of the material's macroscopic structure and physical and chemical properties; second, there must be a good temperature control system to make the plant The fiber does not decompose and carbonize during the processing and molding process; thirdly, a good exhaust system is required to ensure that there are no pores inside the material; fourthly, a large length-to-diameter ratio between the screw and the barrel is required to ensure sufficient time for the fibers to be in contact with the material. The plastic melt is fully mixed and oriented.

Therefore, at present, the extrusion molding equipment used for wood-plastic composite materials at home and abroad, the popular conical screw extruder, is not very suitable for wood-plastic composite materials because it is mainly designed for extrusion molding of PVC plastics. extrusion molding.

CN101545300A discloses a wood-plastic board filled with foam material and its preparation method. It uses the wood-plastic board whose inner space is sealed as the shell, and pours general-purpose foam material into it to form a new foam structure. This material is not easy to process. Convenient, foaming is unreliable, the force generated by foaming can easily deform the material as a whole, and the dimensional stability is difficult to control, and it is difficult to realize fully automated high-speed production. At the same time, the material cannot Fully biodegradable.

CN101015951A discloses an extrusion molding device specially used for the production of wood-plastic composite materials by two extruders in a stepped arrangement, wherein the first-stage extruder is a parallel co-rotating twin-screw extruder, which is used to discharge Gas, the second stage is a conical reverse twin-screw extruder, its role is to pressurize extrusion. This method improves the product quality of wood-plastic composites to a certain extent, but the wood fibers are mixed when the plastic is still solid, and the flow of wood fibers in the melt is limited by the initial state during the further melting of the plastic. , it is difficult to be fully dispersed, and at the same time, the wood fiber feed is unreliable, the time of wood fiber in the extrusion process is too long, the temperature is too high, it is easy to carbonize and degrade, the product does not foam, and the product cannot be fully biodegraded.

CN100563999C discloses a special conical twin-screw extruder for wood-plastic composite materials. The conical twin-screw used in it has a mixing section, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the barrel and the screw is greater than 30, and only A vent hole, the device makes the molten plastic wrap the heated wood flour and mix evenly before the vent port, but the device only loads a vertically downward screw at the position of the feeding bin, and does not improve the difficulty of fiber At the same time, the extruder cannot guarantee the uniform dispersion of fibers in the melt. The wood fiber stays in the equipment for too long, the temperature is too high, and it is easy to carbonize. The product has no foaming and is not environmentally friendly. The equipment can High consumption and complex operation.

CN2650971Y discloses a wood-plastic extruder, which adopts two horizontal and vertical screws, and the horizontal screw plays a plasticizing role. However, the problem of stable blending ratio between wood fiber feeding and plastic-wood composite system has not been fundamentally solved, the fiber feeding is difficult, the fiber stays in the equipment for too long, it is easy to carbonize, and the fiber dispersion effect is poor. The equipment has no foaming unit.

The Chinese utility model patent of CN201399887Y discloses a wood-plastic composite molding machine arranged at an angle of 20-100 degrees between the horizontal screw and the vertical screw, wherein the horizontal screw is a single screw for plasticizing thermoplastics, and the vertical screw is The conical twin-screw is responsible for the blending and mastication of wood-plastic composite materials. It can be seen from the drawings in the description that it does not take into account the connection position between the horizontal and vertical extruders, but for the blending of wood fiber and thermoplastics, the influence of the molten state of the polymer on its blending timing It is very large, and also does not solve the problems of difficult fiber feeding and easy carbonization of fibers. The equipment does not have a foaming unit, and the product cannot be fully biodegraded.

CN2925844Y discloses a twin-screw extruder of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics, which sets the feeding position of the fiber in the first half of the plasticizing section of the twin-screw to optimize the mixing effect of the fiber and the plastic matrix, but because there is no feeding of the fiber way, it is difficult to determine its optimization effect. Because in the plasticizing section of the plastic, the internal pressure of the polymer material is quite large, it is difficult for the fiber material to enter the plastic melt, the blending effect of the fiber and the plastic is poor, the fiber is easy to carbonize, and the equipment has no foaming unit.

During the feeding process of plant fibers and thermoplastics, if they are added from the hopper and then extruded by the screw, the fibers will often disperse and form coils due to strong mechanical action during the mixing process, which will cause uneven mixing of raw materials and affect the product. Quality; at the same time, this feeding method is also easy to cause blockage or even jamming of the feeding system, which affects the entire process of product processing.

CN201419503 discloses a hopper device of an extruder device, which is loaded with a variable-diameter spiral agitator in the hopper, and the main function of the variable-diameter spiral agitator is to carry out screw conveying for bulky materials that are difficult to discharge , its disadvantage is that it is difficult to feed such materials (mainly fibers) under the action of gravity at the feeding port.

CN201049512 discloses a short glass fiber feeding device, which adds periodic vibration during the feeding process of the silo to achieve uniform feeding, but for plant fibers with low density, this feeding method still cannot solve the problem of uniform feeding.

CN1064059C discloses a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic structure, manufacturing method and production equipment thereof. Fibers mainly adopt glass fibers, carbon fibers and mixtures thereof. one or more platens installed at least in the form of a network and partially wedge-shaped in cross-section between the front end of the screw and the die to control the degree of combing of the reinforcing fibers in the thermoplastic resin masterbatch, the fiber length and the helical flow of the mixed melt, This method of controlling the fiber size and the uniformity of fiber and thermoplastic resin mixing has too high technical requirements, especially the processing of the surface structure of the barrel and screw, and the equipment processing cost is too high. Foam unit.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the existing wood-plastic composite materials and their production, processing and molding equipment, and to provide a wood-plastic composite material with a wide range of applications, high product quality, good biodegradability, and reliable operation of production, processing and molding equipment. Foam materials and their production process and molding equipment.

The wood-plastic composite foaming material of the present invention has a cell diameter of 0.01mm~5mm (preferably 0.2~1mm), and the thickness is determined by actual use requirements, generally 1~10mm; the main components of the material are thermoplastics and plant fiber powder A blend of thermoplastics, starch and plant fiber powder, or a blend of thermoplastics, rubber powder, plant fiber powder, the content of the plant fiber powder is 10wt%-95wt%, The particle size of the plant fiber powder is 10-1000 mesh; the starch content is 0-80 wt%, the particle size is 100-2000 mesh; the rubber powder content is 0wt%-80wt%, and the rest is thermoplastic.

The thermoplastics can be polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), nylon (PA), styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer (SBS) and other general-purpose thermoplastics or recycled above-mentioned plastics.

The plant fiber can be various pulps, wood flour, natural orange stalks and other natural plants or crushed waste paper;

The rubber powder can be powder or rubber granules made from waste rubber tires recovered from fields.

The starch is natural starch, mainly corn starch, wheat starch, sweet potato starch or sorghum starch.

The wood-plastic composite foamed material of the present invention can be used directly, or pasted with paper or other films, sheets and plates on the surface of the foamed material to improve the aesthetics, printability, applicability, and other aspects of the product. physical and chemical properties. It can be combined with other paper or other films, sheets and boards in two or more layers, and the specific number of composite layers is determined according to actual needs.

The wood-plastic composite foaming material of the present invention is prepared by blending and modifying thermoplastics, plant fiber powder and related modification additives, adding a foaming agent, and extruding; or it is made of thermoplastics, starch, plant Fiber powder and related modifying additives are prepared by blending and modifying, adding foaming agent, and extruding; or it is prepared by blending thermoplastics, rubber powder, plant fiber powder and related modifying additives , adding foaming agent, prepared by extrusion molding;

Described relevant modified auxiliary agent comprises antioxidant, coupling agent, compatibilizer, secondary coupling agent and modified initiator;

The antioxidant can be antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 3114, antioxidant 1076 or type 215 and type 225 high-efficiency composite antioxidant, etc.; its dosage is 0.5-2wt% of the total weight of the wood-plastic composite material;

Described coupling agent can be maleic anhydride, isocyanate, benzoyl chloride or silane coupling agent; The consumption of coupling agent is the 0.5-10 wt% of plant fiber content;

The compatibilizer is mainly a non-reactive compatibilizer, mainly including stearic acid, SEBS, SBS or various MAH grafted copolymers, and the dosage is 1-8wt% of the total weight of the wood-plastic composite material.

The auxiliary coupling agent can be borate coupling agent (SB-618, SB-618T) or titanate coupling agent (TTS, TTOP-12), and the dosage is 0.5-30% of the coupling agent dosage

The modified initiator can be ZnO or Pb ₂ O _{3 ,} etc., and the amount of the modified initiator is 0.1-3% of the total amount of each modifier.

Described blowing agent can be low-boiling liquid blowing agent such as butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane etc., gas blowing agent such as CO ₂ , water vapor or air etc.; The solid blowing agent that adds when necessary can be (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ , NaHCO ₃ , azodicarbonamide or azobisisobutyronitrile, etc.;

The specific preparation and molding process includes the following steps:

(1) The mixture of antioxidant, compatibilizer, modified initiator and thermoplastic is melted and plasticized in the screw extrusion equipment to form a melt or liquid, or other similar colloids; (2) Step (1) obtained The melt or liquid of thermoplastics, antioxidants, compatibilizers, and modified initiators, or similar colloids, are input into the blending and extrusion screw section, and at the same time, the coupling agent and co-coupling agent are used for surface soaking treatment The processed plant fibers are input into the blending extrusion screw section through the forced feeding device, so that the thermoplastics and plant fibers are fully mixed and evenly mixed in the blending extrusion screw section, and are conveyed forward under the action of the screw extrusion. The end of the screw section is mixed with the delivered solid foaming agent (solid foaming agent may not be added) to obtain the wood-plastic composite material; (3) The wood-plastic composite material obtained in step (2) is transported into the pre-foaming cylinder , in the pre-foaming cylinder, the wood-plastic composite material is mixed with the input foaming gas or liquid (gas such as CO ₂ , water vapor or air, low boiling point liquid such as butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane, etc.) to form Pre-foamed body; (4) The pre-foamed body is extruded through a foaming die to obtain the wood-plastic composite foamed material of the present invention.

The wood-plastic composite foaming material forming equipment of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device, a plant fiber forced feeding device, a composite material blending device, a gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device, a pre-foaming cylinder and an extruder. Foaming die head.

According to the needs of the production process, it may also include a solid foaming agent delivery device and/or a veneer device.

The thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device is connected to the front end of the composite material blending device, and on a line to form a "line-shaped first-stage extrusion foam molding equipment", or thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion The device and the composite material blending device form a certain angle to form a "T-shaped second-stage extrusion and foaming molding equipment". Connection; solid foaming agent delivery device is installed at 1 to 10 pitches from the end of the composite material blending device. The solid foaming agent delivery device is connected to the composite material blending device through the solid foaming agent delivery pipe. The solid foaming agent delivery device There is a vent hole at the front end, the end of the composite material blending device is connected to one end of the pre-foaming cylinder through a flange, and a gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device is installed above the pre-foaming cylinder, and the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device passes through the gas Or the liquid foaming agent delivery pipe communicates with the inside of the pre-foaming cylinder, the pre-foaming cylinder is equipped with a stirring device, the other end of the pre-foaming cylinder is connected to the extrusion foaming die, and the veneer device is located at the end of the whole set of equipment.

The included angle between the thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device and the composite material blending device of the T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment is 10-180 degrees, preferably 90 degrees.

The thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device includes a thermoplastic or starch feeding device, and the thermoplastic or starch feeding device adopts a screw metering and conveying device, and the thermoplastic or starch feeding device includes a plastic feeding device for driving a quantitative conveying screw Drive motor, reducer, stirring support and quantitative conveying screw, the quantitative conveying screw is connected with the plastic feeding drive motor through the reducer, the reducer is connected with the stirring support through the transmission device, and the right end of the quantitative conveying screw extends into the material receiving head.

The quantitative conveying screw can be 1-5, preferably 2-3.

The thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device of the in-line first-stage extrusion foam molding equipment also includes the front section of the multifunctional screw and the front section of the barrel equipped with the multifunctional screw, and the quantitative delivery of the thermoplastic or starch feeding device The screw communicates with the inside of the barrel equipped with a multifunctional screw through the material connection head. The multifunctional screw can rotate freely in the barrel. The multifunctional screw is connected with the motor through a reduction box. The thermoplastic or starch feeding device is installed in the reduction box. On, the reduction box is located on the base of the extruder.

The multifunctional screw is preferably a tapered screw, and the number of the screws is 1 to 5, preferably 2 to 3.

The thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device of the T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment also includes a plasticizing screw and a barrel I equipped with a plasticizing screw, and the right end of the quantitative conveying screw of the thermoplastic or starch feeding device extends The feeding head, the thermoplastic or starch feeding device communicates with the inside of the barrel I equipped with the plasticizing screw through the receiving hopper, and the plasticizing screw is connected with the motor I through the reduction box I, and the thermoplastic or starch feeding device is set at the speed reduction On the box Ⅰ, the reduction box Ⅰ is set on the base of the extruder.

The plant fiber forced feeding device adopts a screw-pump body forced feeding device, and the plant fiber forced feeding device includes a drive motor, a gearbox, a hopper, an agitator, a feeding screw, a feeding pump and a feeding pump housing, The drive motor is set on the support, the support is set on the barrel, the feeding screw is set in the hopper, the driving motor is connected with the feeding screw through the gearbox, the agitator is connected with the feeding screw through a square head, and the stirring The rotation direction of the mixer is consistent with the rotation direction of the feeding screw. The number of blades of the agitator is 1-16 pieces. Conveyor screw with variable groove depth, variable depth and variable diameter conveying screw or equal diameter conveying screw with equal groove depth, the depth of the groove is 0.5~10cm, the pitch is 1-10cm, and the thread can be designed with equal distance. Variable pitch design can also be used, the ratio of adjacent pitches is 0.5-1.5, the feed pump includes gears or cams, the gears or cams are placed in the feed pump casing, the tooth root of the gear and the bottom of the screw groove of the feed screw The number of teeth of the gear is 1-40. The feeding pump casing adopts a "6" shape structure. The small diameter of the cam is the same as the bottom diameter of the feeding screw, and the large diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the feeding screw. The minor diameter is at the same position as the end point of the conveying screw groove. In this way, the plant fiber can be forced out under the double action of the agitator, the feeding screw and the pump body structure, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of feeding and realize the accurate quantitative of forced feeding of plant fiber.

The screw groove depth of the feeding screw is preferably 0.6-3 cm, the screw pitch is preferably 2-5 cm, and the ratio of adjacent screw pitches is preferably 0.6-1.2.

The number of blades of the stirrer is preferably 2 to 3.

The number of teeth of the feeding pump gear is preferably 3-9.

The composite material blending device of the in-line first-stage extrusion foaming molding equipment includes the middle part and the back section of the multifunctional screw, the middle part and the back section of the barrel, and the solid foaming agent delivery device is installed at a distance from the multifunctional screw. At 1 to 10 screw pitches at the end of the barrel, the solid foaming agent conveying device communicates with the inside of the barrel equipped with a multifunctional screw through the solid foaming agent conveying pipe, and the plant fiber forced feeding device is located in the material barrel equipped with a multifunctional screw. In the middle of the barrel, and perpendicular to the barrel and the multifunctional screw, the discharge port of the feed pump of the plant fiber forced feeding device is connected to the barrel equipped with the multifunctional screw through the flange, and the end of the barrel equipped with the multifunctional screw It is connected to one end of the pre-foaming cylinder through a flange.

The composite material blending device of the T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment includes a blending screw and a barrel II equipped with a blending screw. The blending screw rotates freely in the barrel II, and the number of blending screws is It can be 1~5. The blending screw is connected with the motor II through the reduction box II. The reduction box II is set on the base of the extruder. The barrel II of the mixing screw is connected, and the solid foaming agent conveying device communicates with the inside of the barrel II equipped with the blending screw through the solid foaming agent conveying pipe. At 1 to 10 screw pitches at the end of the barrel II, the plant fiber forced feeding device is set in the middle of the barrel II, and is perpendicular to the barrel II and the blending screw, and the discharge port of the plant fiber forced feeding device feed pump passes through the flange It is connected with barrel II equipped with a blending screw, and the end of barrel II equipped with a blending screw is connected to one end of the pre-foaming barrel through a flange;

The blending screw is preferably a conical screw, and the number of the blending screws is preferably 2 to 3.

The pre-foaming cylinder can be in the shape of an ellipsoid, a sphere, or a cylinder-like shape. A gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe is provided in the middle of the pre-foaming cylinder, and the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device is located at the gas or liquid foaming Above the agent delivery pipe, the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe extends into the pre-foaming cylinder through the wall of the pre-foaming cylinder, and the length of the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe extending into the pre-foaming cylinder is the length of the pre-foaming 0-50% (preferably 37.5%) of the inner diameter of the barrel, the stirring device set in the pre-foaming barrel includes an even number of stirrer shafts, and each stirrer axis is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe, each There are 1-10 agitators symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the agitator shaft, preferably 2 agitators. The lower end of the agitator shaft extends out of the pre-foaming cylinder, and the bottom end of the agitator shaft is provided with a stirring motor to drive it to rotate.

The center of the extrusion foaming die is provided with a runner, the cross section at the inlet of the runner is a straight rectangle with chamfers, the angle of the chamfer is 0-80 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, and the cross section at the outlet of the runner is The horn-shaped cone structure has a cone angle of 0-80 degrees, preferably 30 degrees. the

A heating device is provided on the outer wall of the die head corresponding to the flow channel inlet of the extrusion foaming die head, and a cooling device is embedded between the inner wall and the outer wall of the die head corresponding to the flow channel outlet of the extrusion foaming die head.

The heating device can adopt an aluminum heater, and the cooling device can adopt a traditional water cooling method.

The veneering device includes a guide roller, a material (such as film, paper, sheet) that is in contact with the guide roller and attached to the surface of the foamed product, and a calendering device. The upper and lower sides of the extrusion groove, the front end of the extrusion groove communicates with the outlet of the flow channel of the extrusion foaming die head, the material attached to the surface of the foamed product is placed between the calendering device and the extrusion groove, and the front of the veneer device is installed Adhesive application rollers placed on both sides of the extrusion trough, and a post-processing device placed on the extrusion trough behind the laminating device.

Working process: The thermoplastic or starch is fed into the front end of the screw of the thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device by the thermoplastic or starch feeding device. Under the action of screw rotating shear and barrel heating, the thermoplastic or starch is melted and plasticized into a melt , the melt is conveyed forward under the rotation of the screw, enters the composite material blending device, and mixes evenly with the fibers conveyed from the plant fiber forced feeding device, and then mixes with the solids conveyed from the solid foaming agent conveying device The foaming agent is blended (it can also be without solid foaming agent, depending on actual needs), and then it is transported into the pre-foaming cylinder and mixed with the gas or liquid foaming agent input from the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device. Mixing, the fluid flow direction of the composite material blend is perpendicular to the axis of the agitator to form a pre-foamed body, and finally form a foamed product through an extrusion foaming die. , paste film, paper, sheet, etc. on its surface, or perform surface treatment to obtain the desired product.

When the raw materials used include rubber powder, a rubber powder feeding device should also be provided, and the rubber powder feeding device has the same structure as the thermoplastic or starch feeding device.

The wood-plastic composite foam material of the present invention has low density and high strength, especially the composite material produced by pre-foaming method, continuous molding method and composite molding method with other sheets, and has low production cost and wider application. A new energy-saving and environmentally friendly material. Applicable to the packaging of electrical appliances, machinery, toys, clothing, and food, and can replace traditional corrugated cardboard, honeycomb cardboard, wooden boxes, wooden pallets, EPE, EPS, foam rubber and other materials; suitable for automobiles, rails Buffering and vibration-reducing components of transportation equipment and aerospace; suitable for elastic materials such as sofas, tables and chairs, mattresses, shoe soles, etc.; suitable for structural parts such as refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, computers, etc., replacing traditional plastic parts, reducing Material consumption; suitable for rest chairs, floors, railings, doors and windows, etc. in gardens and house decoration, etc., instead of wood; and other extrusion, injection molding and blow molding products such as various pipes, plates, sheets, profiles, films, etc.

The wood-plastic composite foaming material molding equipment of the present invention has reliable operation, smooth fiber feeding, and is not easy to be blocked, which is beneficial to improve the problem of difficult fiber feeding, and can fundamentally solve the problem of stable blending ratio of fiber feeding and plastic-wood composite system The problem is to ensure that the fibers are evenly dispersed in the melt, the time for the fibers to be extruded is short, the temperature is suitable, it is not easy to be carbonized, it is environmentally friendly, the energy consumption of the equipment is low, the operation is convenient, and the work efficiency is high. The wood-plastic composite produced by it Foam material, high product quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 a is the structural representation of foamed wood-plastic composite material of the present invention and composite embodiment with other sheets;

Fig. 1 b is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the foamed wood-plastic composite material of the present invention and its composite with other sheets;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-line first-stage extrusion foam molding equipment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment;

Fig. 4 is a left view of the T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment shown in Fig. 3;

Figure 5 T-shaped second-stage extrusion foam molding equipment top view;

Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw groove depth variable diameter feeding screw such as the plant fiber forced feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant fiber forced feeding device of the present invention with variable screw groove depth and variable diameter feeding screw;

Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant fiber forced feeding device and other screw groove depths and equal diameter feeding screws of the present invention;

Fig. 7a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pump body using a cam in an embodiment of the plant fiber forced feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pump body using gears in the embodiment of the plant fiber forced feeding device of the present invention;

Figure 8a is a schematic structural view of the ellipsoidal pre-foaming cylinder of the present invention;

Fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spherical pre-foaming cylinder of the present invention;

Fig. 8c is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylinder-like pre-foaming cylinder according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these embodiments should not be used to explain the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

With reference to Fig. 2, the present embodiment is a kind of inline first-order wood-plastic composite foaming material molding equipment, comprises thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51, plant fiber forced feeding device 3, composite material blending device, solid Foaming agent delivery device 25, gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device 28, pre-foaming cylinder 26, extrusion foaming die 52, veneering device 53;

The thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 is connected to the front end of the composite material blending device, and is on a line, called "inline first-stage extrusion foam molding equipment", and the plant fiber forced feeding device 3 It is also connected with the composite material blending device; a solid foaming agent delivery device 25 is installed at 5 screw pitches from the end of the composite material blending device, and the solid foaming agent delivery device 25 passes through the solid foaming agent delivery pipe 24 and the composite material blending device Connected, the front end of the solid foaming agent delivery device has a vent hole 23, the end of the composite material blending device is connected to one end of the pre-foaming cylinder 26 through a flange, and a gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device is installed above the pre-foaming cylinder 26 28. The gas or liquid foaming agent delivery device 28 communicates with the inside of the pre-foaming cylinder 26 through the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe 27. The pre-foaming cylinder 26 is provided with a stirring device, and the other end of the pre-foaming cylinder is connected to the extruder. The foaming die head 52 is connected, and the veneer device 53 is located at the end of the whole set of equipment;

Described thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extruder 51 comprise thermoplastics or the front section of starch feeder 20, multifunctional screw 15 and the front section of the barrel 16 that multifunctional screw 15 is housed, described thermoplastics or starch feeder 20 adopts Screw metering conveying device, thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 comprises the plastic feeding drive motor 18, speed reducer 19, stirring support 21 and quantitative conveying screw rod 22 for driving quantitative conveying screw rod 22, and quantitative conveying screw rod 22 passes speed reducer 19 and The plastic feeding drive motor 18 is connected, the reducer 19 is connected with the stirring support 21 through the transmission device, the right end of the quantitative conveying screw 22 extends into the material connecting head 43, and the thermoplastic or starch feeding device 20 is connected with the multifunctional screw through the material connecting head 43. The barrel 16 of 15 is connected, the multifunctional screw 15 is placed in the barrel 16, the multifunctional screw 15 can rotate freely in the barrel 16, the rotating speed of the multifunctional screw 15 is 80r/min, and the multifunctional screw 15 is a conical screw. , the multifunctional screw 15 is connected with the motor 17 through the reduction box 2, the thermoplastic or starch feeding device 20 is arranged on the reduction box 2, and the reduction box 2 is arranged on the base 1 of the extruder.

Described composite material blending device comprises multifunctional screw rod 15 middle part and back section, barrel 16 middle part and back section, and solid foaming agent conveying device 25 is installed at 5 screw pitches away from the barrel 16 ends of composite material blending device, Solid foaming agent conveying device 25 is communicated with the barrel 16 inside that multifunctional screw rod 15 is housed by solid foaming agent conveying pipe 24, and plant fiber forced feeding device 3 is located at barrel 16 middle part, and is perpendicular to barrel 16 and Multifunctional screw rod 15, the end of the barrel equipped with multifunctional screw rod is connected with one end of pre-foaming cylinder through flange.

Referring to Fig. 2, 6a, 7b, described plant fiber forced feeding device 3 adopts specially designed screw-pump body forced feeding device, and plant fiber forced feeding device 3 includes driving motor 11, gearbox 12, hopper 7, Stirrer 5, feeding screw 6, feeding pump and feeding pump housing 10, the drive motor 11 is arranged on the support 13, the support 13 is arranged on the barrel 16, and the feeding screw 6 is arranged on the feeding hopper 7 Inside, the drive motor 11 is connected to the feeding screw 6 through the gearbox 12 and provides power for it. The agitator 5 is connected to the feeding screw 6 through the square head 4, and the rotation direction of the agitator 5 is consistent with the rotation direction of the feeding screw 6. The number of blades of the stirrer 5 is 2 pieces, and the included angle between the normal direction of the stirrer 5 and the tangential direction of the edge when it rotates is 15 degrees. Described feeding screw rod 6 is equal screw groove depth variable diameter feeding screw rod, and screw groove depth is 2 cm, and screw pitch is 4 cm, and screw thread adopts equidistant design, and described feeding pump comprises gear 46, and gear 46 is placed in feeding pump In the shell 10, the tooth root of the gear 46 is flush with the bottom of the screw groove of the feeding screw 6, and the number of teeth of the gear 46 is four. In this way, the plant fiber can be forcibly extruded under the double action of the agitator 5, the feeding screw 6 and the pump body structure, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the feeding and realize the accurate quantitative of the forced feeding of the plant fiber. The material delivery pump casing 10 adopts a "6" shape structure, and the material outlet is connected to the material cylinder 16 through a flange 14 .

With reference to Fig. 8 a, described pre-foaming cylinder 26 is ellipsoidal, and the middle position of pre-foaming cylinder 26 is provided with gas or liquid foaming agent conveying pipe 27, and gas or liquid foaming agent conveying device 28 is arranged at gas or liquid foaming agent. Above the foaming agent delivery pipe 27, the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe 27 passes through the wall of the pre-foaming cylinder 26 and extends into the inside of the pre-foaming cylinder 26, and the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe 27 extends into the pre-foaming cylinder 26 The internal length is 37.5% of the inner diameter of the pre-foaming cylinder 26, and the stirring device arranged in the pre-foaming cylinder 26 includes an agitator shaft 29, and two agitator shafts 29 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gas or liquid foaming agent delivery pipe 27 Each stirrer shaft 29 top and bottom are symmetrically provided with 2 stirrers 30, the lower end of the stirrer shaft 29 stretches out of the pre-foaming cylinder 26, and the bottom end of the stirrer shaft 29 is provided with a stirring motor 49 that drives its rotation.

The center of the extrusion foaming die 52 is provided with a flow channel, the cross section at the entrance of the flow channel is a straight rectangle 33 with a chamfer 31, and the chamfer angle is 45 degrees; the cross section at the exit of the flow channel is trumpet-shaped The conical structure 35, the cone angle is 30 degrees;

The outer wall of the die head corresponding to the flow channel inlet of the extrusion foaming die head 52 is provided with a heating device 32, and a cooling device is buried between the inner wall and the outer wall of the die head corresponding to the flow channel outlet of the extrusion foaming die head 52 34.

Described veneer device 53 comprises guide roller 38, the material 39 (such as film, paper, sheet material) that contacts with guide roller 38 and is pasted on the foam product surface, calendering device 40, and two calendering devices 40 are located at On both sides of the extrusion groove 36 with foamed products, the front end of the extrusion groove 36 communicates with the outlet of the flow channel of the extrusion foaming die 52, and the material 39 attached to the surface of the foamed product is placed in the calendering device 40 and extruded Between the grooves 36 , adhesive application rollers 37 placed on both sides of the extrusion groove 36 are arranged in front of the laminating device 53 , and a post-processing device 41 placed on the extrusion groove 36 is arranged behind the laminating device 53 .

The heating device 32 adopts an aluminum heater, and the cooling device 34 adopts a traditional water cooling method.

The extrusion molding equipment of this embodiment adopts a straight-line first-stage extrusion structure.

During work, the thermoplastic or starch is fed into the front end of the multifunctional screw 15 by the thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extruder 51, and under the action of the rotation and shear of the multifunctional screw 15 and the heating of the barrel 16, the thermoplastic or starch is melted and plasticized into a molten The melt is conveyed forward under the rotation of the multifunctional screw 15, and mixed evenly with the fibers conveyed by the plant fiber forced feeding device 3, and then conveyed at the end of the multifunctional screw 12 with the solid foaming agent conveying device 25 The coming solid blowing agent is blended (it can also be without solid blowing agent, determined according to actual needs), then sent into the pre-foaming cylinder 26, and mixed with the gas or liquid blowing agent input from the gas or liquid blowing agent delivery device 28 or The liquid foaming agent is blended, and the fluid flow direction of the composite material blend is perpendicular to the agitator shaft 29 to form a pre-foamed body, and finally a foamed product is formed by extruding a foaming die 52. If necessary, the foamed product Under the action of the pasting device 53, film, paper, sheet, etc. can be pasted on the surface, or surface treatment can be carried out to obtain the desired product.

The working process of the veneering device 53 is as follows: the foamed product flows into the extrusion groove 36 from the outlet of the extrusion foaming die 52, the cardboard 39 is introduced under the action of the guide roller 38, and is coated by the adhesive The roller 37 coats the adhesive between the foamed product and the cardboard 39, and finally the desired product is obtained under the action of the calendering device 40 and the post-processing device 41.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 6b, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the conveying screw 6 is a conveying screw with variable groove depth and variable diameter.

Referring to Fig. 8b, the pre-foaming cylinder 26 is spherical.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Example 3

Referring to Fig. 6c, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the conveying screw 6 is a conveying screw with equal groove depth and equal diameter.

Referring to Fig. 8c, the pre-foaming cylinder 26 is in the shape of a cylinder.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Example 4

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that referring to Fig. 7a, the feeding pump includes a cam 8, the minor diameter of the cam 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the feeding screw 6, and the major diameter of the cam 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the feeding pump casing 10, so The material delivery pump casing 10 adopts a "6" shape structure, and its discharge port is consistent with the tangent direction of the rotation at the apex of the large diameter of the cam 8, and the discharge port is connected to the barrel 16 through the flange 14. The rest is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

Example 5

Referring to Figures 3, 4, and 5, this embodiment is a T-shaped second-stage wood-plastic composite foaming material molding equipment. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 Connected to the front end of the composite material blending device, the thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 forms an angle of 90 degrees with the composite material blending device;

Described thermoplastic or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 comprises thermoplastic or starch feeding device 20, plasticizing screw 44 and the barrel I16-1 that plasticizing screw 44 is housed, and described thermoplastic or starch feeding device 20 adopts screw Metering and conveying device, thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 comprises the plastic feeding drive motor 18, speed reducer 19, stirring support 21 and quantitative conveying screw rod 22 for driving quantitative conveying screw rod 22, drives quantitative conveying screw rod 22 through speed reducer 19 and The plastic feeding drive motor 18 is connected, the reducer 19 is connected with the stirring support 21 through the transmission device, the right end of the quantitative conveying screw 22 extends into the material connecting head 43, and the thermoplastic (or starch) feeding device 20 is connected with the plasticizer through the receiving hopper 43. The barrel I16-1 of the screw 44 is internally connected, and the plasticizing screw 44 is connected to the motor I17-1 through the reduction box I2-1. The thermoplastic or starch feeding device 20 is arranged on the reduction box I2-1, and the reduction box I2-1 1 is set on the extruder base 1;

The composite material blending device includes a blending screw 42, a barrel II16-2 equipped with a blending screw 42, the blending screw 42 rotates freely in the barrel II16-2, and the number of blending screws 42 is 2. The rotating speed is 90r/min, the blending screw 42 is a conical screw, the blending screw 42 is connected with the motor II 17-2 through the reduction box II2-2, the reduction box II2-2 is arranged on the extruder base 1, thermoplastic (or Starch) barrel I16-1 of the plasticizing extrusion device is connected with barrel II16-2 equipped with blending screw 42 through flange 45, and the solid foaming agent delivery device 25 is installed at a distance from the material barrel equipped with blending screw 42. At 5 screw pitches at the end of the barrel II16-2, the plant fiber forced feeding device 3 is arranged in the middle of the barrel II16-2, and is perpendicular to the barrel II16-2 and the blending screw 42, and the barrel II16 equipped with the blending screw 42 The -2 end is connected to one end of the pre-foaming cylinder 26 through a flange;

The feeding pump casing 10 of the plant fiber forced feeding device 3 adopts a "6"-shaped structure, and the discharge port is connected to the barrel II 16-2 equipped with a blending screw 42 through a flange 14 .

All the other are with embodiment 1.

During work, thermoplastics (starch) is fed into section 44 of the plasticizing screw by the thermoplastic or starch feeder 20, and under the action of the plasticizing screw 44 rotating and shearing and the heating of the barrel, the thermoplastic or starch material is melted and plasticized into a melt. The plasticizing screw 44 is rotated and conveyed forward, and mixed with the fiber plants in the blending screw 42 delivered by the plant fiber forced feeding device 3, the two are mixed uniformly under the action of the blending screw 42, and then The end of the blending screw 42 is blended with the solid foaming agent delivered from the solid foaming agent delivery device 25 (it can also be without solid foaming agent, determined according to actual needs), then it is transported into the pre-foaming cylinder 26, and mixed with The gas or liquid foaming agent is blended to form a pre-foamed body, and finally a foamed product is formed by extruding the foaming die 52. If necessary, the foamed product can be pasted on its surface under the action of a laminating device. , paper, sheet, etc., or surface treatment, and finally get the desired product.

Example 6

The structure and material formula of the wood-plastic composite foam material in this example: dry waste paper fiber powder (50 mesh) 75wt%, polypropylene 12wt%, SBS 4wt%, maleic anhydride (MAH-g-PP) 7wt%, Sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5wt%.

Composite process with other sheets:

At the end of the die of the extruder, a kind of cardboard 39 is introduced by a guide roller 38, and an adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating roller 37 between the extrudate and the introduced cardboard 39, so that the above-mentioned cardboard and the extruded Under the action of the subsequent calendering device 40 and the post-processing device 41, the wood-plastic composite material can be formed in one step to form a two-layer or multi-layer composite structural material in which the foam composite material 1' and the sheet 2' are superimposed.

The obtained wood-plastic composite material has a density of 0.8 kgm ^-3 , a tensile strength of 29 MPa, a bending strength of 20 MPa, and an elongation at break of 160%. The peel strength of the obtained composite layered material is as high as 9.5 MPa.

Embodiment 7:

The formulation of the wood-plastic composite material in this embodiment: the cell diameter is 0.01mm~5mm, and the thickness is determined by the actual demand. The main component of the material is a blend of thermoplastic, plant fiber powder, and antioxidant, or thermoplastic, starch and A blend of plant fiber powder and antioxidant; the content of the plant fiber powder is 10wt%-95wt%, and the particle size of the plant fiber powder is 10-1000 mesh; the content of antioxidant is the total weight of the wood-plastic composite foam material 1%; dry waste paper fiber (about 50 mesh) 70wt%, starch 20wt%, glycerin 8wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5wt%.

Composite process with other sheets:

At the end of the die of the extruder, a kind of cardboard 39 is introduced by a guide roller 38, and an adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating roller 37 between the extrudate and the introduced cardboard 39, so that the above-mentioned cardboard and the extruded Under the action of the subsequent calendering device 40 and the post-processing device 41, the wood-plastic composite material can be formed in one step to form a two-layer or multi-layer composite structural material in which the foam composite material 1' and the sheet 2' are superimposed.

The obtained wood-plastic composite material has a density of 0.9 kgm ^-3 , a tensile strength of 20 MPa, a bending strength of 18 MPa, and an elongation at break of 150%. The peel strength of the obtained composite layered material is as high as 8 MPa.

Embodiment 8:

The formula of the wood-plastic composite material in this embodiment: dry waste paper fiber (about 50 mesh) 50wt%, polypropylene 12wt%, rubber powder 28wt%, MAH-g-PP 8wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5wt%.

Composite process with other sheets:

At the end of the die of the extruder, a kind of cardboard 39 is introduced by a guide roller 38, and an adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating roller 37 between the extrudate and the introduced cardboard 39, so that the above-mentioned cardboard and the extruded Under the action of the subsequent calendering device 40 and the post-processing device 41, the wood-plastic composite material can be formed in one step to form a two-layer or multi-layer composite structural material in which the foam composite material 1' and the sheet 2' are superimposed.

The obtained wood-plastic composite material has a density of 0.75 kgm ^-3 , a tensile strength of 32 MPa, a bending strength of 28 MPa, and an elongation at break of 210%. The peel strength of the obtained composite layered material is as high as 10 MPa.

Example 9

With reference to Example 1, on the basis of the above formula, a solid chemical foaming agent is added to prepare a foaming material. The specific formula is: dry bamboo pulp fiber (100 orders) 65wt%, high-density polyethylene 12wt%, rubber powder 9wt% , MAH-g-PP 7wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5wt%, (NH ₊ ) ₂ CO ₃ 5wt%.

Its molding process is:

Using the principle of screw extrusion to form and process the wood-plastic composite foam material, first, the density polyolefin 12 wt%, rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt% Mix evenly and put it into thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20, melt and plasticize in screw extrusion equipment, form melt or liquid, or other similar colloids, and then be input into multifunctional screw 15 blending extrusion section, at the same time, The surface-treated dry bamboo pulp fiber is also input into the multifunctional screw 15 blending extrusion section through the forced feeding device 5. At this time, the thermoplastic or starch material is fully mixed with the fiber at the multifunctional screw 15, and is extruded in the screw. forward under the action of the multi-functional screw 15, mixed with the delivered solid foaming agent (NH ₊ ) ₂ CO ₃ at the end of the blending extrusion section of the multifunctional screw 15, and then sent into the pre-expansion cylinder 26 together, and then in the pre-expansion Under the action of the agitator shaft 29 and the agitator 30 in the foam tube, a pre-foamed body is formed, and finally it passes through an extrusion foaming die to form a foamed product.

The composite foam material has a density of 0.5 kgm ^-3 , a tensile strength of 20 MPa, a bending strength of 24 MPa, a compressive strength of 26 MPa, and an average cell diameter of 0.8 mm.

Example 10:

With reference to Example 1, on the basis of the above formula, introduce a supercritical gas blowing agent to prepare a foaming material. The specific formula is: dry bamboo pulp fiber (about 100 orders) 70wt%, high density polyethylene 12wt%, rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5wt%.

Its molding process is:

Using the principle of screw extrusion to form and process the wood-plastic composite foam material, first, the density polyethylene 12 wt%, rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%, sodium stearate 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt% Mix evenly and place in the material head, melt and plasticize in the screw extrusion equipment to form a melt or liquid, or other similar colloids, and then enter the multifunctional screw 15 blending extrusion section, at the same time, the surface-treated fibers It is also input into the multifunctional screw 15 blending extrusion section through the forced feeding device 3. At this time, thermoplastics or starch materials and fibers are fully mixed in the multifunctional screw 15 blending extrusion section, and are extruded under the action of the screw. It is transported forward, and then it is transported into the pre-foaming cylinder 26 together, and with the introduced supercritical CO ₂ , the pre-foaming body is formed under the action of the agitator shaft 29 and the agitator 30 in the pre-foaming cylinder, and finally Through a foaming die, extrude to form a foamed article.

The composite foam material has a density of 0.4 kgm ^-3 , a tensile strength of 22 MPa, a bending strength of 25 MPa, a compressive strength of 28 MPa, and an average cell diameter of 0.7 mm.

Claims (10)

1. a wood is moulded composite foam material, it is characterized in that, its cell diameter is 0.01mm ~ 5mm, the material main component is the blend of thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder, or the blend of thermoplastics and starch and vegetable fibre powder, or the blend of thermoplastics and rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder, the perhaps blend of starch and vegetable fibre, the content of described vegetable fibre powder is 10wt%-95wt%, and vegetable fibre powder particle diameter is the 10-1000 order; Starch content is 0-80 wt%, and particle diameter is the 100-2000 order; Rubber powder content is 0wt%-80wt%, and all the other are thermoplastics.

2. wood as claimed in claim 1 is moulded composite foam material, it is characterized in that, described cell diameter is 0.2 ~ 1mm, and its thickness is 1 ~ 10mm.

3. wood as claimed in claim 1 is moulded composite foam material, it is characterized in that described thermoplastics is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, nylon or styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers; Described vegetable fibre powder is the crushed material of paper pulp, wood powder, natural tangerine bar or waste paper; Starch is W-Gum, wheat starch, sweet potato starch or sorghum starch; Described rubber powder is powder or the rubber grain of being made by the junked tire that reclaims.

4. mould the preparation method of composite foam material as wood as described in one of claim 1-3 for one kind, it is characterized in that, by blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from by extrusion moulding by thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive; Or by thermoplastics, starch, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive by blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from by extrusion molding; Or by thermoplastics, rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive by blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from by extrusion moulding;

Described relevant modified additive comprises antioxidant, coupling agent, expanding material, helps coupling agent and modification initiator;

Described antioxidant consumption is the 0.5-2wt% of described wood plastic composite gross weight;

The consumption that described coupling agent is is 0.5-10 wt% of vegetable fibre content;

Described expanding material consumption is the 1-8wt% of wood plastic composite gross weight;

The described coupling agent consumption that helps is the 0.5-30% of coupling agent consumption;

Described modification initiator amount is properties-correcting agent antioxidant, coupling agent, expanding material and the 0.1-3 wt % that helps the total consumption of coupling agent;

Described foaming agent consumption is 0.1 ~ 5% of a wood plastic composite gross weight;

Concrete preparation moulding process may further comprise the steps:

(1) with mixture fusion plastification in screw extruder of antioxidant, expanding material, modification initiator and thermoplastics, forms melt or liquid, perhaps other similar colloids; (2) the mixture melt or the liquid of thermoplastics that step (1) is obtained and antioxidant, expanding material, modification initiator, perhaps similar colloid input blend extrusion screw rod section, simultaneously, to carry out vegetable fibre that surperficial immersion treatment crosses by forcing feeding device input blend extrusion screw rod section with helping coupling agent with coupling agent, make thermoplastics and vegetable fibre in blend extrusion screw rod section, thorough mixing is even, gets wood plastic composite; (3) step (2) gained wood plastic composite is delivered to the pre-frothing tube, in the pre-frothing tube, wood plastic composite mixes with the gas or the liquid blowing agent of input, forms the pre-frothing body; (4) the pre-frothing body is extruded by blown foam die, the wood that promptly gets the present invention is moulded composite foam material.

5. mould the preparation method of composite foam material as wood as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that described antioxidant is the efficient composite antioxidant of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 3114, antioxidant 1076 or 215 types and 225 types;

Described coupling agent is maleic anhydride, isocyanic ester, benzoyl chloride or silane coupling agent;

Described expanding material is the hard ester acid of non-reactive compatibilizer, SEBS, SBS or various MAH grafting analog copolymer;

Described help coupling agent be boric acid ester coupler (SB-618, SB-618T), titanate coupling agent (TTS, TTOP-12);

Described modification initiator is ZnO or Pb ₂O ₃

Described whipping agent is low-boiling point liquid whipping agent butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane, gas foaming agent CO ₂, water vapor or air; Solid blowing agent is (NH ₄) ₂CO ₃, NaHCO ₃, Cellmic C 121 or Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.

6. a wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device, it is characterized in that, comprise thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device, vegetable fibre positive feed device, matrix material intermingling apparatus, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage, pre-frothing tube and extrusion foaming die head;

Described thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device link to each other with matrix material intermingling apparatus front end, and on a line, constitute " yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment ", perhaps thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device and matrix material intermingling apparatus are in a certain angle, constitute " tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment ", described angle angle is 10 ~ 180 degree; Vegetable fibre positive feed device also is connected with the matrix material intermingling apparatus; Matrix material intermingling apparatus end is connected with pre-frothing tube one end by flange, pre-frothing tube top is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicate with pre-frothing tube inside by gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime, be provided with whipping appts in the pre-frothing tube, the other end of pre-frothing tube is connected with the extrusion foaming die head.

7. wood as claimed in claim 6 is moulded the composite foam material molding device, it is characterized in that, also be provided with solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage and/or facing device, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from 1 ~ 10 pitch place of matrix material intermingling apparatus end, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage links to each other with the matrix material intermingling apparatus by the solid blowing agent transfer lime, and solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage front end has venting hole; Facing device is positioned at the end of whole plant.

8. mould the composite foam material molding device as claim 6 or 7 described wood, it is characterized in that, the angle angle between the thermoplastics of described tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device and the matrix material intermingling apparatus is 90 degree.

9. mould the composite foam material molding device as claim 6 or 7 described wood, it is characterized in that, described thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device comprise thermoplastics or starch feeding device, described thermoplastics or starch feeding device adopt the screw rod metering and conveying device, thermoplastics or starch feeding device comprise the plastics feeding drive-motor that is used to drive quantitative conveying screw rod, speed reduction unit, stir support and quantitative conveying screw rod, quantitatively conveying screw rod links to each other with plastics feeding drive-motor by speed reduction unit, speed reduction unit links to each other with the stirring support by transmission mechanism, and quantitatively the conveying screw rod right-hand member stretches into the head that connects material;

The thermoplastics of described yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device also comprise the leading portion of multi-functional screw rod and the leading portion of the barrel of multi-functional screw rod are housed, the quantitative conveying screw rod of thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed by the head that connects material, multi-functional screw rod can freely rotate in barrel, multi-functional screw rod links to each other with motor by reduction box, described thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box, and reduction box is located on the forcing machine base;

The thermoplastics of described tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device comprise plasticized screw and the barrel I of plasticized screw are housed, the quantitative conveying screw rod right-hand member of thermoplastics or starch feeding device stretches into the head that connects material, thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicate with the barrel I inside that plasticized screw is housed by receiving hopper, plasticized screw links to each other with the motor I by the reduction box I, described thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box I, and the reduction box I is located on the forcing machine base;

Described vegetable fibre positive feed device adopts screw rod-pump housing positive feed device, vegetable fibre positive feed device comprises drive-motor, wheel box, loading hopper, agitator, feeding spiro rod, dehvery pump and dehvery pump shell, described drive-motor is located on the bearing, bearing is located on the barrel, feeding spiro rod is located in the loading hopper, drive-motor links to each other with feeding spiro rod by wheel box, agitator links to each other with feeding spiro rod by square spigot, the agitator sense of rotation is consistent with the feeding spiro rod sense of rotation, the lobe numbers of agitator is 1 ~ 16, the angle of edge tangential direction is 3 ~ 45 degree when the normal orientation of agitator and its rotation, described feeding spiro rod is for waiting spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod, become spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod or etc. the isometrical feeding spiro rod of spiral groove depth, spiral groove depth is 0.5 ~ 10cm, pitch is 1-10cm, screw thread is equidistant or varying pitch, the ratio of adjacent pitch is 0.5-1.5, described dehvery pump comprises gear or cam, gear or cam place in the dehvery pump shell, the tooth root of gear is concordant with the screw channel of feeding spiro rod bottom, the number of teeth of gear is 1-40, the path of cam is identical with footpath at the bottom of the feeding spiro rod, and big footpath is identical with the external diameter of feeding spiro rod, and cam path and feeding spiro rod screw channel end point are in same position, and described dehvery pump shell adopts the figure six structure;

The matrix material intermingling apparatus of described yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises multi-functional screw rod middle part and back segment, barrel middle part and back segment, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from 1 ~ 10 pitch place of barrel end that multi-functional screw rod is housed, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed by the solid blowing agent transfer lime, vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at the barrel middle part that multi-functional screw rod is housed, and perpendicular to barrel and multi-functional screw rod, the discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel that multi-functional screw rod is housed by flange, and the end that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end by flange;

The matrix material intermingling apparatus of described tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises the blend screw rod, the barrel II of blend screw rod is housed, the blend screw rod freely rotates in the barrel II, blend screw rod bar number is for can be 1 ~ 5, the blend screw rod links to each other with the motor II by the reduction box II, the reduction box II is located on the forcing machine base, thermoplastics or starch plastify the barrel I of extrusion device and link to each other with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed by flange, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel II inside that the blend screw rod is housed by the solid blowing agent transfer lime, the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from 1～10 pitch place of barrel II end that the blend screw rod is housed, vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at barrel II middle part, and perpendicular to barrel II and blend screw rod, the discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed by flange, and the barrel II end that the blend screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end by flange;

Described pre-frothing tube is elliposoidal, the sphere or the class cylinder bodily form, the mid-way of pre-frothing tube is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage are located at gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime top, gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime pass pre-frothing tube barrel and stretch into pre-frothing tube inside, the length that gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime stretch into pre-frothing tube inside is the 0-50% of pre-frothing tube internal diameter, the whipping appts of being located in the pre-frothing tube comprises the even number set stirrer shaft, each stirrer shaft is symmetrically distributed in gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime both sides, every stirrer shaft upper and lower is arranged with 1-10 agitator, stretch out outside the pre-frothing tube stirrer shaft lower end, and the stirrer shaft bottom is provided with the agitator motor that drives its rotation;

Described extrusion foaming die head center is provided with runner, and the cross section of flow passage entry is the straight rectangle that has chamfering, and chamfer angle is the 0-80 degree, and the cross section at runner exit place is for being trumpet-shaped pyramidal structure, and cone angle is the 0-80 degree.

10. wood as claimed in claim 9 is moulded the composite foam material molding device, it is characterized in that, described quantitative conveying screw rod is 2 ~ 3, spiral groove depth 0.6 ~ 3cm, and pitch 2 ~ 5cm, the ratio of adjacent pitch is 0.6 ~ 1.2;

Described multi-functional screw rod is 2 ~ 3 of conical screws;

The number of blade of the agitator of described feeding spiro rod is 2 ~ 3;

The number of teeth of described dehvery pump gear is 3 ~ 9;

Be provided with heating unit with the runner of the extrusion foaming die head corresponding die head outer wall that enters the mouth, and be embedded with refrigerating unit between the corresponding die head inner and outer wall of the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head.

Images