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CN101932486A - 长度可调轴 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN101932486A
CN101932486A CN2009801035147A CN200980103514A CN101932486A CN 101932486 A CN101932486 A CN 101932486A CN 2009801035147 A CN2009801035147 A CN 2009801035147A CN 200980103514 A CN200980103514 A CN 200980103514A CN 101932486 A CN101932486 A CN 101932486A
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hole
axial region
axle
length
adjustable shaft
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CN2009801035147A
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CN101932486B (zh
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F·斯塔巴蒂
H·里希特
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
    • B61C9/08—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with IC reciprocating piston engines
    • B61C9/26—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with IC reciprocating piston engines with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
    • B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
    • B61C9/52—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F17/00—Lubrication specially adapted for axle-boxes of rail vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/03—Shafts; Axles telescopic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/10—Railway vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/02—Overheat protection, i.e. means for protection against overheating
    • F16D2300/021—Cooling features not provided for in group F16D13/72 or F16D25/123, e.g. heat transfer details
    • F16D2300/0212—Air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/06—Lubrication details not provided for in group F16D13/74

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种长度可调轴，包括：外套筒状轴部；可以以伸缩方式推进到外轴部中并且展开到外轴部外并且封闭缓冲腔的内轴部；具有布置在两个轴部之间并且可以使用润滑剂进行润滑的轴承；可以推入外轴部内的内轴部的端部具有端壁；设置了以导通方式将缓冲腔室连接到由外轴部封闭的空腔的通风开口。本发明的特征在于下列特征：通风开口包括至少一个相对于轴的旋转轴线偏移的孔。

Description

长度可调轴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种长度可调轴，它包括以伸缩方式彼此合作的外轴部和内轴部。这种轴是用在轧钢机中用于驱动辊子的万向轴。该种轴还用在车辆的结构中，例如在轨道车辆的轮组中(参见SE 0702642)。本发明基于该现有技术。
背景技术
轴包括两个部分，即外套筒状轴部和内轴部。内轴部在外轴部内以有限的方式可伸缩地移动。因此整个轴的长度可以在特定限度内变化。
轴承设置在两个轴部之间。它可以包括例如三个或更多滚柱轴承。轴承布置成它们的纵轴相对于辊子的旋转轴线垂直。每个轴承均由内轴部支承并且接合在套筒状外轴部的纵向槽中。轴承使用润滑剂例如油进行润滑。内轴部具有膨胀室和浸入由套筒状外轴部封闭的空间中的面壁。
通风开口设置在面壁中。它生成两个所提到的空腔之间的导通连接。当轴通过将内轴部推动到外轴部而缩短时，空气移动到空腔中。空气被压缩并因此施加阻尼效应。
一个问题是润滑剂将随着时间的过去而在通风开口中沉积并且将密封该开口。这是由下列事实导致的，即在操作期间，润滑剂蒸汽将在由外轴部封闭的空间中积聚，且该蒸汽将沉积在通风开口中。
发明内容
本发明基于提供如权利要求1的前序部分所述的长度可调轴的目的，其方式为通风开口完全不会堵塞或者将比此前较长时间地保持开口。
该目的是由权利要求1的特征实现的。
因此，通风开口包括至少一个孔，其纵轴相对于轴的旋转轴线偏心地延伸或者沿径向相对于它偏移。孔的纵轴将大体上平行于轴的旋转轴线延伸。
这导致在轴的操作期间的下列结果：
润滑剂仍然从载有润滑剂雾的空气沉积在孔中。由于孔的纵轴相对于轴的旋转轴线的偏心，润滑剂将仅仅沉积在孔的径向外部区域中，这样孔的径向内部区域就保持自由。因此就不会在孔中生成闭合的润滑剂环。而是在垂直于孔的纵轴的剖视图中查看时，润滑剂的沉积就形成为类似于新月形。已经看到，在依照本发明的实施例中沉积的润滑剂将从孔流入其中它不能导致任何损坏的内轴部的空间中。
代替单个孔，可以提供围绕轴的旋转轴线分组的两个或更多孔。
附图说明
现在将通过参见附图更详细地说明现有技术和本发明，其中详细显示了下列内容：
图1显示了用于包括两个长度可调轴的轨道车辆的已知转向架；
图2部分地以轴向剖视图显示了一段轴；
图3显示了依照切断面III-III穿过图2的主题的径向剖视图；
图4显示了依照本发明的轴的轴向剖视图；
图5显示了通风嵌入件的放大图，参见图4中的X部分；
图6以透视图显示了通风嵌入件。
具体实施方式
用于如图1中所示轨道车辆的轮组包括两个轴，在此仅仅讨论其中的轴1。轴1的长度是可调节的。轴在其两个端部处分别支承轮2、3。轮可以在导轨4、5上滚动。
万向接头6设置在每个轮2、3之前。轴1包括外轴部7和内轴部8。轴部7是套筒状的。它经由三个轴承倚靠在内轴部8上。图3以剖视图显示了三个轴承(三脚架)。内轴部8包括盲孔。轴承销9嵌入每个盲孔中。它支承滚柱轴承10。滚柱轴承10接合在外轴部7的纵向槽中。
因此在外轴部7和内轴部8的伸缩运动期间，三个滚柱轴承10在纵向槽中滚动。
图4显示了整个轴的配置，如下所述：
轴包括外轴部7和内轴部8。万向接头6均布置在轴的端部。
内轴部8伸出为相当大的部分进入由外轴部7封闭的空间，这样就仅仅保留残留的空腔7.1。内轴部8封闭缓冲空间8.1。空腔7.1和缓冲空间8.1彼此导通连接，即通过通风开口11。孔嵌入件12拧紧到通风开口11上。
可以看到具有相关联滚柱轴承10的三个轴颈9之一，且滚柱轴承使用油进行润滑。
空腔7.1包含空气和润滑剂雾的混合物。
在图5和6中可以看到孔嵌入件12的配置。孔嵌入件12包括利用它来拧紧到通风开口11上的螺纹12.1。它设置有径向孔12.2和两个轴向孔12.3与12.4。轴向孔12.3和12.4与轴1的旋转轴线13垂直地延伸。它们沿径向与旋转轴线13偏移。
在轴1的操作期间，润滑剂从所提到的润滑剂雾沉积到孔12.2、12.3和12.4的表面上。因为两个轴向孔12.3和12.4与旋转轴13偏移，所以润滑剂由于离心力而仅仅沉积在孔12.3和12.4的径向外表面区域中。因此孔的逐渐堵塞就被阻止或至少被延迟。
两个轴向孔12.3、12.4可以相对于轴1的旋转轴线13倾斜，其意义为它们远离旋转轴线13且朝向缓冲空间8.1移动。这促进了沉积的润滑剂朝缓冲空间8.1的流动。

Claims (5)

1.一种长度可调轴，包括
1.1外套筒状轴部(7)；
1.2内轴部(8)，能够以伸缩方式滑动进入外轴部(7)并且从外轴部(7)延伸，并且它包围了缓冲空间(8.1)；
1.3轴承(9，10)，布置在所述两个轴部(7，8)之间并且能够使用润滑剂进行润滑；
1.4能够滑动到外轴部(7)中的内轴部(8)的端部具有面壁；
1.5设置了通风开口(11)，它导通连接缓冲空间(7.1)与由外轴部(7)封闭的空腔(7.1)；
其特征在于下列特征：
1.6通风开口(11)包括与轴(1)的旋转轴线(13)偏移的至少一个孔(12.3，12.4)。
2.如权利要求1所述的长度可调轴，其特征在于，设置了包括至少一个轴向孔(12.3，12.4)的孔嵌入件(12)。
3.如权利要求1或2之一所述的长度可调轴，其特征在于，径向孔(12.2)设置在所述一个轴向孔或多个轴向孔(12.3，12.4)的上游。
4.如权利要求2或3之一所述的长度可调轴，其特征在于，孔嵌入件(12)能够拧紧到通风开口中。
5.如权利要求1至4之一所述的长度可调轴，其特征在于，至少一个轴向孔(12.3，12.4)相对于轴(1)的旋转轴线(13)倾斜并且沿朝向缓冲空间(8.1)的方向远离旋转轴线(13)移动。
CN2009801035147A 2008-01-31 2009-01-10 长度可调轴 Expired - Fee Related CN101932486B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008007153A DE102008007153B4 (de) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 Längenverstellbare Welle
DE102008007153.6 2008-01-31
PCT/EP2009/000099 WO2009095150A1 (de) 2008-01-31 2009-01-10 Längenverstellbare welle

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CN101932486A true CN101932486A (zh) 2010-12-29
CN101932486B CN101932486B (zh) 2013-09-18

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US (1) US8556733B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2238010B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101529256B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101932486B (zh)
AT (1) ATE510743T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102008007153B4 (zh)
ES (1) ES2362980T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2009095150A1 (zh)

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CN105811650A (zh) * 2014-12-31 2016-07-27 博斯特（上海）有限公司 一种驱动马达与连接器连接的装置
CN110402216A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2019-11-01 庞巴迪运输有限公司 尤其用于轨道车辆的驱动系的传动装置
CN113306344A (zh) * 2021-07-12 2021-08-27 湖南三一华源机械有限公司 驱动轮总成和轮胎压路机

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CN110402216A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2019-11-01 庞巴迪运输有限公司 尤其用于轨道车辆的驱动系的传动装置
CN110402216B (zh) * 2017-03-16 2021-09-14 庞巴迪运输有限公司 尤其用于轨道车辆的驱动系的传动装置
CN113306344A (zh) * 2021-07-12 2021-08-27 湖南三一华源机械有限公司 驱动轮总成和轮胎压路机

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Publication number Publication date
EP2238010B1 (de) 2011-05-25
US20110028222A1 (en) 2011-02-03
ATE510743T1 (de) 2011-06-15
KR20100107050A (ko) 2010-10-04
DE102008007153A1 (de) 2009-08-13
KR101529256B1 (ko) 2015-06-16
US8556733B2 (en) 2013-10-15
DE102008007153B4 (de) 2010-06-02
ES2362980T3 (es) 2011-07-18
WO2009095150A1 (de) 2009-08-06
EP2238010A1 (de) 2010-10-13
CN101932486B (zh) 2013-09-18

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