CN101922064A - A kind of bacterial cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of bacterial cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101922064A CN101922064A CN2010102442569A CN201010244256A CN101922064A CN 101922064 A CN101922064 A CN 101922064A CN 2010102442569 A CN2010102442569 A CN 2010102442569A CN 201010244256 A CN201010244256 A CN 201010244256A CN 101922064 A CN101922064 A CN 101922064A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类细菌纤维素与天然多糖共混纤维及其制备方法。共混纤维中细菌纤维素的质量百分含量为5％-95％，余量为天然多糖。制备方法包括细菌纤维素与天然多糖混合物的溶解、过滤、脱泡、喷丝、牵伸、水洗、上油、烘干等步骤。本发明细菌纤维素与天然多糖共混纤维具有优异的物理-机械性能、染色性能、吸湿性、生物相容性、抑菌性以及其它生物活性，对人体皮肤有消炎、止痒、美容等功效，可用于医疗、美容以及纺织等领域。The invention relates to a kind of bacterial cellulose and natural polysaccharide blended fiber and a preparation method thereof. The mass percent content of bacterial cellulose in the blended fiber is 5%-95%, and the balance is natural polysaccharide. The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving the bacterial cellulose and natural polysaccharide mixture, filtering, defoaming, spinning, drawing, washing, oiling, drying and the like. The blended fiber of bacterial cellulose and natural polysaccharide of the present invention has excellent physical-mechanical properties, dyeing properties, hygroscopicity, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties and other biological activities, and has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and cosmetic effects on human skin , can be used in medical, cosmetic and textile fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-tech fiber art, relate in particular to the preparation method of a kind of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber and such blended fiber.
Background technology
Along with the continuous expansion of progress, Increase of population and the textile fabric Application Areas of the development of society, science and technology, the demand of textile fabric presents the trend that increases year by year.Because world's cultivated area reduces gradually, cultivated area of the mulberry treies of many countries beginning compressed cotton, various fiber crops, sericulture etc. and grassland sheep raising utilize area, this will directly have influence on the production and supply amount of traditional natural fabric.The supply of the regeneration chemical fibre of support cotton linter, wood pulp etc. etc. has been tending towards the limit, and the supply of fast growing wood also can't continue to increase.The oil that synthetic fiber rely on is petered out, and can't regenerate in a short time, and petroleum resources is the main channel of the current energy that synthetic fiber from now on are difficult to continue to rely on this resource hierarchy again again.Therefore, the supply breach of textile fiber material is more and more big.
Bacteria cellulose (Bacterial cellulose is called for short BC) is by the bacteriogenic family macromolecule compound of polysaccharide of part.The chemical composition of bacteria cellulose is identical with plant cellulose with chemical constitution, but its aggregate velocity is faster than plant cellulose, and has the characteristic of following excellence:
(1) high-purity, the degree of polymerization and degree of crystallinity.Compare with plant cellulose, bacteria cellulose does not contain lignin, pectin, hemicellulose and other cell wall constituents, and molecularly oriented is good, the structure homogeneous, and exist with single fibers form, content of cellulose reaches more than 99%.In addition, the degree of crystallinity of bacteria cellulose is about 95%, and the degree of polymerization is about 16000, all is higher than plant celluloses such as high quality cotton fiber, cotton linter and wood pulp cellulose.
(2) hyperfine network structure.Bacteria cellulose is the fiber silk ribbon that the microfiber bundle by diameter 3～4nm is interconnected to form by hydrogen bond action, and its width is approximately 30～100nm, and thickness is 3～8nm, is intertwined to form flourishing hyperfine network structure.
(3) high-tensile and elastic modelling quantity.Under static culture conditions, the elastic modelling quantity of bacteria cellulose film is that the anti-tear ability of drawing is the polyethylene of same thickness and 6 times of polychloroethylene film more than the several times to ten times of general fiber.After washing, drying, Young's modulus can reach 10MPa, and after hot-pressing processing, Young's modulus can reach 30MPa, and is higher 4 times than the intensity of organic synthetic fibers.
(4) moisture holding capacity is strong.Because the superfine nano structure of bacteria cellulose and molecular memory are at a large amount of hydrophilic radicals, cellulose inside has a lot " duct ", surface area is 300 times of plant cellulose, make it have strong suction and water holding moisture-retaining capacity, generally can absorb 60～700 times of moisture content to its dry weight.
(5) higher biocompatibility, adaptability and good biodegradability.Bacteria cellulose is made up of the synthetic pure cellulose nanofiber of acetobacter xylinum, causes foreign matter and inflammatory reaction hardly, has good intensity under hygrometric state, and formed in situ, biocompatibility.Under conditions such as acidity, microorganism and cellulase catalysis, can directly degrade at nature, free from environmental pollution, environmentally friendly.
(6) Modulatory character during biosynthesis.By regulating condition of culture, can obtain the different bacteria cellulose of chemical property.Can utilize glucose and the synthetic N-acetylglucosamine of acetyl grape amine as acetobacter xylinum, and the N-acetylglucosamine is connected on the bacteria cellulose with 4% ratio.In addition, take different cultural methods,, also can obtain different higher structures and cellulose of different nature as static culture and dynamically cultivation.
The natural macromolecular that aldose that polysaccharide is linked by glycoside bond or ketose are formed, the polysaccharide of being made up of a kind of monose is called same glycan, and the polysaccharide of being made up of more than one monose is called heteroglycan.Polysaccharide is widely distributed at occurring in nature, and aboundresources all has polysaccharide to exist in higher plant, algae, bacterium class and animal body.According to forming different with structure, the kind of polysaccharide is countless, and up to the present, people just have a hundreds of kind from what occurring in nature extracted.In addition, people discover that polysaccharose substance has some special biologically actives.Have effects such as anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, beauty treatment, skin care such as, algal polysaccharides; Chitin has natural antibiotic property, and can promote the growth of SF and epidermal keratinocytes; Hyaluronic acid have eliminate scar, beauty treatment, skin care, preserve moisture, effect such as smoothing wrinkle; SKGM has effect such as delay senility.
Therefore, utilize bacteria cellulose and abundant polysaccharide resource to produce textile fabric, not only, be of great practical significance for alleviating following textile fiber material supply pressure; And, be that the blended fiber of feedstock production has the multiple functional of bacteria cellulose and polysaccharide concurrently with bacteria cellulose and several polysaccharide, can satisfy people's consumption demand, improve people's quality of life.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN 101492837A, disclose a kind of production method of bacteria cellulose fibre with high degree of polymerization: (1) is dissolved in bacteria cellulose in the solvent, is made into mass fraction and is 1～30% bacterial cellulose solution, filters, standing and defoaming gets spinning solution; (2) with step (1) spinning solution curing molding after the spinneret orifice ejection, stretched again, washing is made finished product after the conventional operation of typing and dry these several roads.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production; The gained bacteria cellulose fibre is compared with other cellulose fibre, and fracture strength and modulus height reach the level of high strength industrial filament; And biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophily and good with the cohesiveness of rubber.
The patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of ZL 200710014403.1, disclose a kind of preparation method of common and functional alginic acid fibre: with the water-soluble mass percent of producing of an amount of sodium alginate is 3%～8% sodium alginate soln, and can add suitable functional material in solution; With an amount of calcium chloride mass percent of producing soluble in water is 2%～5% calcium chloride solution, produces coagulating bath; The sodium alginate soln of producing is produced calcium alginate fibre with wet spinning in the capacity coagulating bath, the extensibility of fiber is 30%～50%.The fiber that said method obtains can be used for making medical adhesive-bonded fabric, also can be used for pure spin or with cotton, viscose glue, bamboo pulp, hair, flax fiber blending manufacturing clothes usefulness and FURNISHING FABRIC.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN 101613893A, disclosing with bacteria cellulose and sodium alginate is the method for feedstock production blended fiber, its technical scheme is that the sodium alginate micro-nano powder is added in the spinning solution of bacteria cellulose, obtains bacteria cellulose and sodium alginate blended fiber by wet spinning technology.
With bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide is that the technological difficulties of feedstock production blended fiber are: the common dissolving technology of bacteria cellulose and multiple natural polysaccharide and supporting blended fiber forming technique, therefore employing wet method or dry-wet spinning technology are not seen in literature search up to the present as yet, the report of preparation bacteria cellulose and polysaccharide blend fiber.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts a class ion-type solvent, makes bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide reach well common dissolving, adopts wet method or dry-wet spinning technology, has prepared bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber.
The used bacteria cellulose of the present invention is 1000～16000 self-control or commercially available industrialization product for the degree of polymerization static or that dynamically cultivate, used natural polysaccharide is a kind of in plant cellulose, alginic acid, chitin, shitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, SKGM and the hyaluronic acid, also can be two or more mixtures with arbitrary proportion.
One of purpose of the present invention, being to provide a class is the blended fiber of raw material with bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber.
For realizing one of purpose of the present invention, its technical solution is:
Bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber, wherein the quality percentage composition of bacteria cellulose in blended fiber is 5%-95%, surplus is a natural polysaccharide.
For realizing two of purpose of the present invention, its technical solution is:
The preparation method of a kind of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber comprises the steps:
A is dissolved in the mixture of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide in the ion-type solvent, obtains the quality percentage composition and be 3%～10% the bacteria cellulose and the mixed solution of natural polysaccharide;
After the solution that b produces step a filtered, vacuum deaerator 16～24h or standing and defoaming 24～32h obtained being used to prepare the spinning solution of blended fiber;
The spinning solution that c step b produces enters coagulating bath or enters in the coagulating bath through spinning head and after by one section air layer through spinning head under pressure, then through drawing-off, obtain bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber after washing, oil, drying.
Above-mentioned steps a may further comprise the steps:
A1 takes by weighing a certain amount of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide respectively, dries 0.5～5h in vacuum drying oven under 60～100 ℃, obtains dry spinning material;
A2 is heated to 50～90 ℃ with the ion-type solvent, adds the dry bacteria cellulose and the mixture of natural polysaccharide, mechanical agitation 1～5h, the solution that obtains mixing then;
Above-mentioned ion-type solvent is 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazole tosilate, 1-butyl-2,3-methylimidazole villaumite, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole mesylate, N-octyl group pyridine villaumite, N-hexyl-3-picoline tetrafluoroborate or N-methyl, the butyl pyrrolidine mesylate, tributyl-methyl phosphonium ammonium tetrafluoroborate, N-methyl butyl morpholine bromine salt, ethyl tributylphosphine tetrafluoroborate, in 1-ethoxy-3-methylimidazole villaumite one or more are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion mixing gained.
Among the above-mentioned steps c, gas length is 0～10cm; Coagulating bath is 30～80 ℃ a distilled water, and setting time is 1～4min; Be stretched as the syllogic drawing process, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times; Bake out temperature is 70～90 ℃.
Bacteria cellulose of the present invention and natural polysaccharide blend fiber have excellent physical-mechanical property, dyeability, hygroscopicity, biocompatibility, biocidal property and other biologically active, human body skin are had effects such as anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, beauty treatment.Can be used for medical dressing, hemostatic gauze and the operation suture thread of production high added value, and be used to the facial treatment mask of improving looks and keeping healthy; Also can be used for pure spin or with fiber blends such as cotton, viscose glue, bamboo pulp, hair, fiber crops exploitation high-grade fabric and fabrics for industrial use etc.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: bacteria cellulose and alginic acid are dried 0.5h under 100 ℃ in vacuum drying oven; With 970 gram-ion type solvents (1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 600 grams; 1-butyl-2,3-methylimidazole villaumite 220 grams; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole mesylate 150 grams) be heated to 90 ℃ in oil bath, add dry bacteria celluloses of 28.5 grams and the dry alginic acid of 1.5 grams then, mechanical agitation 1h obtains mass percent concentration and is 3% spinning solution; Standing and defoaming 24h, then with spinning solution in spinning head is squeezed into 30 ℃ distilled water coagulating bath, solidify 4min, adopt the syllogic drawing process then, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times, and the back 70 ℃ of dryings of washing, oil obtain bacteria cellulose/alginic acid blended fiber.
Embodiment 2: 90 ℃ of oven dry 2h in vacuum drying oven with bacteria cellulose and shitosan; With 950 gram-ion type solvents (1-vinyl-3-methylimidazole tosilate 500 grams; 1-ethoxy-3-methylimidazole villaumite 280 grams; N-methyl, butyl pyrrolidine mesylate 170 gram) be heated to 80 ℃ in oil bath, add dry bacteria celluloses of 45 grams and the dry shitosan of 5 grams then, mechanical agitation 2h obtains mass percent concentration and is 5% spinning solution; Vacuum deaerator 16h, then with spinning solution in spinning head is squeezed into 50 ℃ distilled water coagulating bath, solidify 3min, adopt the syllogic drawing process then, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times, and the back 90 ℃ of dryings of washing, oil obtain bacteria cellulose/chitosan blend fiber.
Embodiment 3: bacteria cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose are dried 3h under 80 ℃ in vacuum drying oven; With 930 gram-ion type solvents (1-butyl-3-methylimidazole mesylate 530 grams; Tributyl-methyl phosphonium ammonium tetrafluoroborate 200 grams; Ethyl tributylphosphine tetrafluoroborate 200 gram) be heated to 70 ℃ in oil bath, add dry bacteria celluloses of 35 grams and the dry carboxymethyl cellulose of 35 grams then, mechanical agitation 3h obtains mass percent concentration and is 7% spinning solution; Vacuum deaerator 20h, then spinning solution is extruded through spinning head, enter into 60 ℃ distilled water coagulating bath through behind the air layer of 4cm, solidify 3min, adopt the syllogic drawing process then, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times, and the back 80 ℃ of dryings of washing, oil obtain bacteria cellulose/carboxymethyl cellulose blended fiber.
Embodiment 4: bacteria cellulose, alginic acid and shitosan are dried 4h under 70 ℃ in vacuum drying oven; With 920 gram-ion type solvents (1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 420 grams; The N-methyl, butyl morpholine bromine salt 200 grams; The N-methyl, butyl pyrrolidine mesylate 200 grams; Ethyl tributylphosphine tetrafluoroborate 100 gram) be heated to 60 ℃ in oil bath, add the dry bacteria celluloses of 24 grams, dry alginic acids and the dry shitosan of 23 grams of 33 grams then, mechanical agitation 4h obtains mass percent concentration and is 8% spinning solution; Standing and defoaming 32h, then spinning solution is extruded through spinning head, enter into 60 ℃ distilled water coagulating bath through behind the air layer of 8cm, solidify 3min, adopt the syllogic drawing process then, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times, and the back 80 ℃ of dryings of washing, oil obtain bacteria cellulose/alginic acid/chitosan blend fiber.
Embodiment 5: bacteria cellulose, hyaluronic acid and SKGM are dried 5h under 60 ℃ in vacuum drying oven; With 900 gram-ion type solvents (1-butyl-2,3-methylimidazole villaumite 300 grams; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole mesylate 200 grams; N-hexyl-3-picoline tetrafluoroborate 150 grams; N-octyl group pyridine villaumite 150 grams; 1-ethoxy-3-methylimidazole villaumite 100 grams) in oil bath, is heated to 50 ℃, add the dry bacteria cellulose of 5 grams, dry hyaluronic acid and the dry SKGM of 25 grams of 70 grams then, mechanical agitation 5h obtains mass percent concentration and is 10% spinning solution; Vacuum deaerator 24h, then spinning solution is extruded through spinning head, enter into 80 ℃ distilled water coagulating bath through behind the air layer of 10cm, solidify 1min, adopt the syllogic drawing process then, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times, and the back 90 ℃ of dryings of washing, oil obtain bacteria cellulose/hyaluronic acid/SKGM blended fiber.
The physical-mechanical property of embodiment 1,2,3,4,5 gained bacteria celluloses and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is as shown in table 1.With reference to the line density of " GB/T 14335-2008 chemical fibre staple line density test method " test fiber, with reference to the fracture strength and the fracture elongation of " GB/T14337-2008 chemical fibre staple fibre Erichsen test method " test fiber.
The physical-mechanical property of table 1 bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber
It is important to point out; the foregoing description only is used for that the present invention is further illustrated; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; be engaged in the guidance of person skilled in art, to the improvement of some non-intrinsically safes that the present invention made with adjust and still belong to protection scope of the present invention according to the foregoing invention content.
Claims (8)
1. bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that the quality percentage composition of bacteria cellulose in blended fiber is 5%-95%, and surplus is a natural polysaccharide.
2. bacteria cellulose according to claim 1 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that, described natural polysaccharide is a kind of in plant cellulose, alginic acid, chitin, shitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, SKGM or the hyaluronic acid.
3. bacteria cellulose according to claim 1 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber, it is characterized in that described natural polysaccharide is two or more mixtures with arbitrary proportion in plant cellulose, alginic acid, chitin, shitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, SKGM and the hyaluronic acid.
4. the preparation method of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A is dissolved in the mixture of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide in the ion-type solvent, obtains the quality percentage composition and be 3%～10% the bacteria cellulose and the mixed solution of natural polysaccharide;
After the solution that b produces step a filtered, vacuum deaerator or standing and defoaming obtained being used to prepare the spinning solution of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber;
The spinning solution that c step b produces under pressure, enter coagulating bath or enter in the coagulating bath through spinning head ejection, then through drawing-off, obtain bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide blend fiber after washing, oil, drying through the spinning head ejection and after by one section air gap.
5. the preparation method of bacteria cellulose according to claim 4 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that step a comprises the following steps:
A1 takes by weighing a certain amount of bacteria cellulose and natural polysaccharide respectively, dries 0.5～5h in vacuum drying oven under 60～100 ℃, obtains dry spinning material;
A2 is heated to 50～90 ℃ with the ion-type solvent, adds the dry bacteria cellulose and the mixture of natural polysaccharide, mechanical agitation 1～5h, the solution that obtains mixing then;
6. the preparation method of bacteria cellulose according to claim 4 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber, it is characterized in that, ion-type solvent described in the step a is 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazole tosilate, 1-butyl-2,3-methylimidazole villaumite, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole mesylate, N-octyl group pyridine villaumite, N-hexyl-3-picoline tetrafluoroborate or N-methyl, the butyl pyrrolidine mesylate, tributyl-methyl phosphonium ammonium tetrafluoroborate, N-methyl butyl morpholine bromine salt, ethyl tributylphosphine tetrafluoroborate, in 1-ethoxy-3-methylimidazole villaumite one or more are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion mixing gained.
7. the preparation method of bacteria cellulose according to claim 4 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that, the vacuum deaerator time among the step b is 16～24h, and the standing and defoaming time is 24～32h.
8. the preparation method of bacteria cellulose according to claim 4 and natural polysaccharide blend fiber is characterized in that, the gas length among the step c is 0～10cm; Coagulating bath is 30～80 ℃ a distilled water, and setting time is 1～4min; Be stretched as the syllogic drawing process, every section draw ratio is 1.5～2.5 times; Bake out temperature is 70～90 ℃.
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