CN101920245A - On-line detection and sorting production line of fruit sugar acidity based on visible and near-infrared spectroscopy - Google Patents
On-line detection and sorting production line of fruit sugar acidity based on visible and near-infrared spectroscopy Download PDFInfo
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- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 title abstract 4
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Abstract
一种基于可见近红外光谱的水果糖酸度在线检测与分选生产线，由机械输送装置(III)，可见近红外光谱检测装置(I)和分选控制装置(II)所组成。其工作流程为，水果由生产线的机械输送装置输送，进入可见近红外光谱检测装置工位；由安装在链轮轴上的编码盘(2)和接近开关(1)检测水果运动的位置信息，传递给光谱仪(24)；光谱仪经接近开关触发后，采集水果吸收反射后的可见近红外光谱，并将光谱信号传送至计算机软件的水果糖酸度模型中，计算出水果糖酸度的含量，分段划分水果糖酸度等级；计算机通过接口与可编程控制器PLC(10)通信，把等级信号赋值给PLC，控制各分选口的执行元件，实现不同等级水果的分选。本发明适用于水果内部糖酸度在线检测与分选。
A production line for on-line detection and sorting of fruit sugar acidity based on visible-near-infrared spectroscopy is composed of a mechanical conveying device (III), a visible-near-infrared spectrum detection device (I) and a sorting control device (II). The working process is as follows: the fruit is conveyed by the mechanical conveying device of the production line, and enters the station of the visible-near-infrared spectrum detection device; the position information of the fruit movement is detected by the code disc (2) and the proximity switch (1) installed on the sprocket shaft, and transmitted. Give the spectrometer (24); after the spectrometer is triggered by the proximity switch, gather the visible near-infrared spectrum after the absorption and reflection of the fruit, and transmit the spectral signal to the fruit sugar acidity model of the computer software, calculate the content of the fruit sugar acidity, and divide the fruit into sections Sugar acidity grade; the computer communicates with the programmable controller PLC (10) through the interface, and assigns the grade signal to the PLC to control the actuators of each sorting port to realize the sorting of fruits of different grades. The invention is suitable for on-line detection and sorting of sugar acidity in fruit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to online detection of fruit internal sugar and acid degree and sorting, belong to online Non-Destructive Testing of fruit and sorting technology field.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, the consumer not only pays attention to external sorts such as size, color and face shaping when choosing fruit, and more pays attention to inside quality, as indexs such as mouthfeel, pol and acidity.Exotic fruit is plucked the back sorting at present, beginning detects the full product quality of moving towards to take into account the inside and outside by external sort and detects, as Japan, some fruit production companies such as the U.S. brag about its brand fruit one after another except that tool size, outward appearance etc. are best in quality, have more the assurance of inner nutritional quality.The near infrared spectrum Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement is to detect the new technology that fruit internal quality does not destroy fruit again, at present abroad as: Japan, the U.S., Belgium, New Zealand, states such as Israel have put into this technology in agricultural product processing in postpartum and the process, and have researched and developed relevant checkout gear.Developed the sensor that visible and near infrared spectrum detects pears, apple maturity as Japan, developed the choosing fruit device of quick differentiation cedra fruits maturity and color and luster again, and this technology is used for automation choosing fruit line, maturity and color sensor and automation sorting, baling line integrates, and takes the lead in having realized that cedra fruits detects in real time.Belgium utilizes the visible and near infrared spectrum technology, has developed the online detection of inside qualities such as being used for apple sugar content, acidity and Vit C contents.
United States Patent (USP) NO.4883953, NO.5089701 has introduced respectively for different detection fruit, as: "Hami" melon, citrus, apple etc., use different spectral bands to carry out the exploitation of fruit internal quality checkout gear, do not detect external signal and the interference of logical device controlling but take into full account fruit.The Chinese patent of publication number CN2779390 discloses a kind of near-infrared acidity of fruit confection analysis checkout gear, but does not relate to the sorting of fruit in postpartum.The Chinese patent of notification number 2553907, notification number 2555109, publication number 1394699, notification number 2555110 discloses the sorting unit based on fruit machine vision production line, utilize image to handle to fruit shape, size, color and luster, external sorts such as surface smoothness carry out sorting, but all adopt chip microcontroller to control automatically, be subjected to the interference of logical device easily, cause the disorder of control.The Chinese patent of notification number 100449301 discloses the light characteristic fruit internal quality sorting unit of multistage conveying and sorting, but the production line complexity, limited reliability is in the influence of peripheral sorting logical device.
Report from domestic research, domestic use visible and near infrared spectrum is aspect the quality of agricultural product analysis, mainly concentrate in cereal and the lab analysis of part fruits and vegetables inside quality, and the cannot-harm-detection device of the inner index of quality (pol, acidity, hardness and VC content etc.) be yet there are no report so far.Analyze the relevant quality of agricultural product non-destructive detecting device of present domestic introduction, major part is the laboratory spectrometric instrument of high precision, removes and detects the cost height, outside detection time is long, more is not suitable for the production line of real time high-speed operation.In addition, along with the continuous propelling of IT application to agriculture technology, production has proposed requirements at the higher level to fruit, judges the nutritional quality of fruit in good time, and the scale of in time optimizing fruit production chain is to guarantee the committed step of fruit quality large-scale commercial.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, according to the online detection of existing fruit internal sugar and acid degree and the deficiency in the sorting technology, integrated application near infrared spectrum of the present invention, mechano-electronic, multidisciplinary technology such as automatic control and Chemical Measurement, utilize the visible near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum of fruit that the fruit internal sugar and acid degree is carried out online detection and classification, and carry out the dynamic registration of fruit formation in conjunction with the PLC of good reliability, adopt side turn over fruit tray and sorting executing agency, realize fast intelligent dynamic online detection of fruit internal sugar and acid degree and sorting.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of online detection of acidity of fruit confection and separation production line of being used for is provided, by the visible near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum that collects fruit in the 300-2500nm wavelength band, and utilize the acidity of fruit confection forecast model of setting up in advance, calculate the sugar and acid degree content of fruit internal, in conjunction with automatic control technology, realize the online detection and sorting automatically of fruit internal sugar and acid degree.
Online detection of acidity of fruit confection of the present invention and separation production line comprise: mechanical transmission device, visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear and sorting control device.Mechanical transmission device carries fruit to enter the visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear, and the visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear passes to the sorting control device to the result who detects and realizes sorting.
Structural representation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.(I) is the visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear among the figure, (II) is (III) to be mechanical transmission device by the sorting control device.
Mechanical transmission device (III) comprising: side turn over fruit tray (5), sorting executing agency (13), motor (56), decelerator (17), drive sprocket (18), sprocket wheel (3), chain (4), sorting mouth (12,14,16), supporting guide (11) and fixed support (19).Motor is connected with decelerator, and decelerator is connected with drive sprocket, and sprocket wheel and chain carry the side turn over fruit tray to constitute circulating conveyor.Three sorting executing agencies are installed in three sorting mouth places respectively, carry out sort instruction.
Visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear (I) comprising: lighting box (6), light illuminating unit (7), fiber spectrometer (24).Light illuminating unit is installed in the lighting box, and light illuminating unit is connected with fiber spectrometer; Spectrometer is connected with computer by the USB mouth.
Sorting control device (II) comprising: Programmable Logic Controller PLC (10), photoelectricity be near switch (1), coding disk (2), sorting mouth (12,14,16), rotary magnet (15); Photoelectricity is installed in the coding disk front end near switch; Three rotary magnets are installed in the executing agency at sorting mouth place.
The present invention finishes the online detection and sorting automatically of fruit internal sugar and acid degree by following program:
1. production line operation, fruit detects station by the production line mechanical transmission device to visible and near infrared spectrum and carries, and fruit enters visible and near infrared spectrum and detects station;
2. by the positional information that is installed in the coding disk on the sprocket shaft and moves, pass to fiber spectrometer near switch detection fruit;
3. fiber spectrometer is after near switch triggering, the visible and near infrared spectrum of collection after complete fruit absorbs reflection, be sent to spectral signal in the fruit internal sugar and acid degree forecast model of computer software by USB interface, calculate the content of fruit internal sugar and acid degree, fruit internal sugar and acid degree grade is divided in segmentation;
4. computer is communicated by letter with the PLC Programmable Logic Controller by the RS232 interface, gives slave computer PLC fruit internal sugar and acid degree level signal assignment;
5. PLC detects or null signals by level signal that obtains and the fruit of catching in real time, carries out continuous accurate dynamic formation registration, and control sorting executing agency, finishes the automation sorting of many grades acidity of fruit confection.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with the prior art is, online detection of described acidity of fruit confection and separation production line can be in the visible near-infrared wave-length coverages of 300-2500nm, obtain the visible near-infrared absorption spectrum information of fruit, quick nondestructive finish the online detection of dynamic of fruit internal quality sugar and acid degree, and by the automatic sorting that realizes fruit of sorting control device, the detection of dynamic of fruit internal quality and the automatization level of sorting have been improved, when the present invention has overcome the damaged check fee of fruit tradition, efficient is low, the expense height, shortcomings such as low precision have satisfied the demand that fruit large-scale commercial in postpartum is handled.After being applied to sorted fruits production, can improve the competitiveness of China's fruit in the international market.
The present invention is applicable to online detection of fruit internal sugar and acid degree and sorting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a side turn over fruit tray structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a sorting of the present invention executing agency schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the measured value of Nanfeng orange sample soluble solid and the dependency relation figure of predicted value;
Fig. 5 is a course of work flow chart of the present invention;
Picture in picture number is expressed as:
I, near-infrared spectrum detection device; II, sorting control device; III, mechanical transmission device;
(1) photoelectricity is near switch; (2) coding disk; (3) sprocket wheel; (4) chain; (5) side turn over fruit tray; (6) lighting box; (7) light illuminating unit; (8) fruit; (9) computer and software; (10) PLC (FX2N) Programmable Logic Controller; (11) guide rail; (12) the sorting mouth one; (1 3) sorting executing agency; (1 4) sorting mouth two; (1 5) rotary magnet; (1 6) sorting mouth three; (1 7) decelerator; (1 8) drive sprocket; (1 9) fixed support; (24) USB4000 fiber spectrometer; (30) guide wheel; (31) guide wheel bracing frame; (32) fruit carriage; (33) bearing pin; (34) sorting lever; (35) action executing location; (36) move not executing location; (40) guide plate; (41) pivoted arm; (42) gripper shoe; (56) motor.
The specific embodiment
The general structure of online detection of embodiment of the invention acidity of fruit confection and separation production line as shown in Figure 1, mechanical transmission device (III) comprising: sorting executing agency (13), motor (56), decelerator (17), drive sprocket (18), sprocket wheel (3), chain (4), supporting guide (11) and fixed support (1 9).Motor is connected with decelerator, and decelerator is connected with drive sprocket, and sprocket wheel and chain constitute circulating conveyor.Visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear (I) comprising: lighting box (6), light illuminating unit (7), fiber spectrometer (24).Light illuminating unit is connected with fiber spectrometer; Spectrometer is connected with computer by the USB mouth.Sorting control device (II) comprising: Programmable Logic Controller PLC (10), photoelectricity be near switch (1), coding disk (2), sorting mouth (12,14,16), rotary magnet (15); Photoelectricity is installed in the coding disk front end near switch; Three rotary magnets are installed in respectively in the executing agency of three sorting mouths.
The side turn over fruit tray structure of online detection of embodiment of the invention acidity of fruit confection and separation production line as shown in Figure 2, the side turn over fruit tray comprises guide wheel (30), guide wheel bracing frame (31), fruit carriage (32), bearing pin (33) and sorting lever (34).Guide wheel is connected with the guide wheel bracing frame and is fixed on the chain; The fruit carriage is connected by groove with the guide wheel bracing frame, guarantees that the fruit carriage can stretch freely at sprocket wheel and chain engages place; Sorting lever (34) is connected with the bearing pin that is fixed on the guide wheel bracing frame, and the sorting lever is rotated around bearing pin.
The sorting executing agency of online detection of embodiment of the invention acidity of fruit confection and separation production line as shown in Figure 3, sorting executing agency (13) comprises rotary magnet (15), guide plate (40), pivoted arm (41), gripper shoe (42); Rotary magnet is fixed on the gripper shoe; Guide plate is fixed on the gripper shoe upper end.
The dependency relation that being used to of online detection of embodiment of the invention acidity of fruit confection and separation production line detected Nanfeng orange soluble solid (pol) measured value and predicted value as shown in Figure 4, forecast set sample measured value (point looses) according to Nanfeng orange soluble solid (pol), can set up the Mathematical Modeling of predicted value (oblique line), and pol can be predicted the content classification.
The workflow of online detection of embodiment of the invention acidity of fruit confection and separation production line as shown in Figure 5, mechanical transmission device detects station near infrared spectrum and carries fruit; The visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear is gathered signal, and calculates and divide the acidity of fruit confection grade; By communicating by letter of computer and PLC, carry out continuously dynamically registration by the PLC program, the class information of extract real-time sorting mouth, executing agency's action of control sorting mouth.
Introduce the course of work below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5:
1. press start button/stop button, motor (56) starts/stops, and regulates speed-regulating potentiometer, controls the speed of service of online detection and separation production line, opens light illuminating unit (7), and online detection and separation production line normally move;
2. work as fruit (8) and enter visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear (I) station with mechanical conveying device (III), the light that light illuminating unit (7) penetrates shines fruit (8) surface, absorb reflection through interior tissue, reverberation is through probe, by near switch (1) to fiber spectrometer (24) external trigger after, enter fiber spectrometer (24), after beam split and A/D conversion, enter computer (9), computer software is brought the fruit absorbance spectrum into the acidity of fruit confection forecast model of having set up automatically, calculate and demonstrate the size of acidity of fruit confection content, the acidity of fruit confection grade is divided in segmentation;
3. computer (9) passes to cyclelog PLC (10) to the acidity of fruit confection level signal by port RS232, reach by detecting or null signals by the level signal that obtains by PLC (10), carry out continuous accurate dynamic formation registration near the real-time fruit (8) of catching of switch (1);
4. computer (9) communications triggered PLC (10) utilizes transfer instruction, the data of bridge in the middle of making up, passes to the data deposit unit and is pressed into the formation right-hand member of being made up of 24 data deposit units, moves to left one; Fruit (8) whenever moves a station, is triggered once near switch (1), and formation moves to left one, and so far, fruit (8) is followed the tracks of and effectively is transplanted in PLC (10) program;
5. calculate three corresponding respectively data memory unit addresses of three sorting mouths, adopt compare instruction, relatively represent Three Estate and by the number of these three data memory cell of the number of assignment and sensing, if equate, rotary magnet (15) is powered on, if do not wait, fruit (8) is transferred to next sorting mouth with production line and is judged;
6. when fruit (8) sugar and acid degree information synchronization when fruit puts in place, the action if rotary magnet powers on, pivoted arm (41) rotation alpha angle then, be in action and carry out (36) position, make the oblique wave face motion of sorting lever (34) along guide plate (40), force sorting lever (34) to promote, the bearing pin (33) that connects sorting lever (34) rotates, make the rollover of side turn over fruit tray, fruit is pushed to sorting mouth (12); If rotary magnet (11) dead electricity, then pivoted arm (41) is in action and does not carry out (35) state, and sorting lever (34) is along the lower edge motion of guide plate (40), and fruit is along with mechanical induction system is transported to next sorting mouth.
Claims (5)
1. online detection of the acidity of fruit confection based on visible and near infrared spectrum and separation production line is characterized in that the detection and the process of separation of described online detection and separation production line are:
Fruit is carried by the mechanical transmission device of online detection and separation production line, enters visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear station;
Positional information by being installed in the coding disk on the sprocket shaft and moving near switch detection fruit passes to spectrometer;
Spectrometer is after near switch triggering, the visible and near infrared spectrum of collection after complete fruit absorbs reflection, and spectral signal is sent in the acidity of fruit confection model of computer software by USB interface, calculating the content of acidity of fruit confection, the acidity of fruit confection grade is divided in segmentation;
Computer is communicated by letter with the PLC Programmable Logic Controller by the RS232 interface, gives PLC the level signal assignment;
PLC controls the executive component of each sorting mouth, realizes the sorting of different brackets fruit.
2. online detection of the acidity of fruit confection based on visible and near infrared spectrum according to claim 1 and separation production line is characterized in that described online detection and separation production line comprise visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear (I), sorting control device (II), mechanical transmission device (III).
3. online detection of the acidity of fruit confection based on visible and near infrared spectrum according to claim 2 and separation production line, it is characterized in that described visible and near infrared spectrum checkout gear (I) comprising: lighting box (6), light illuminating unit (7), fiber spectrometer (24); Light illuminating unit is installed in the lighting box, and light illuminating unit is connected with fiber spectrometer; Spectrometer is connected with computer by the USB mouth.
4. online detection of the acidity of fruit confection based on visible and near infrared spectrum according to claim 2 and separation production line, it is characterized in that described mechanical transmission device (III) comprising: side turn over fruit tray (5), sorting executing agency (13), motor (56), decelerator (17), drive sprocket (18), sprocket wheel (3), chain (4), sorting mouth (12,14,16), supporting guide (11) and fixed support (19); Motor is connected with decelerator, and decelerator is connected with drive sprocket, and sprocket wheel and chain carry the side turn over fruit tray to constitute circulating conveyor, and three sorting executing agencies are installed in three sorting mouth places respectively, carry out sort instruction.
5. according to claim 2 online detection of described acidity of fruit confection and separation production line based on visible and near infrared spectrum, it is characterized in that described sorting control device (II) comprising: Programmable Logic Controller PLC (10), photoelectricity is near switch (1), coding disk (2), sorting mouth (12,14,16), rotary magnet (15); Photoelectricity is installed in the coding disk front end near switch; Three rotary magnets are installed in the executing agency at sorting mouth place.
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