CN101905375A - Magnetic pulse connection method and joint structure of thin-walled metal pipelines - Google Patents
Magnetic pulse connection method and joint structure of thin-walled metal pipelines Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种薄壁金属管路磁脉冲连接方法及其接头结构，为同、异种薄壁金属管路结构提供一种安全、高效的磁脉冲连接方法和磁脉冲连接接头结构。本发明是采用线圈-集磁器复合型感应器或线圈感应器与电磁脉冲成形设备连接，可以对多种金属材料及各种结构形状的管路进行磁脉冲连接。接头连接界面的过渡区小，几乎不产生脆性相或金属间化合物，接头几无热影响区和扭曲变形，强度和耐蚀性高，抗拉强度和抗扭强度均至少高于较弱母材；无须后续清理工序及焊后热处理；被连接管件满足一定刚度要求，保证在磁脉冲连接过程中不发生塑性变形，工艺灵活性高。
The invention discloses a thin-walled metal pipeline magnetic pulse connection method and a joint structure thereof, and provides a safe and efficient magnetic pulse connection method and a magnetic pulse connection joint structure for homogeneous and dissimilar thin-walled metal pipeline structures. The invention uses a coil-magnetizer composite inductor or a coil inductor to connect with an electromagnetic pulse forming device, and can perform magnetic pulse connection to pipelines of various metal materials and various structural shapes. The transition zone of the joint connection interface is small, almost no brittle phase or intermetallic compound is produced, the joint has almost no heat-affected zone and distortion, high strength and corrosion resistance, and the tensile strength and torsional strength are at least higher than the weaker base metal ; There is no need for subsequent cleaning procedures and post-weld heat treatment; the connected pipes meet a certain rigidity requirement, ensuring that no plastic deformation occurs during the magnetic pulse connection process, and the process flexibility is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal tubes interconnection technique, particularly a kind of apply pulse magnetic pressure load connects the method for thin-wall metal pipelines.
Background technology
No matter any metal tubes structure is the supply line in the daily life, or all kinds of pipeline structures in the aerospace flight vehicle, all must relate to the jointing structure and to the selection problem of method of attachment.Usually, the pipe joint position is the link that the easiest generation destroys in the whole pipe-line system.
Along with people's quality of life improves, resource-conserving, environmentally friendly thin-wall stainless steel, the application of copper pipe in water supply industry obtain fast development, leak, ensure that to improving water supply quality, prevent secondary pollution and reducing water pipe the healthy and conserve water resource of resident has important economy and social effect.
The connected mode of stainless steel, copper feed pipe is roughly divided machinery to connect (as compression, clamp-press type etc.) and is connected (welding and bonding) two big classes with on-mechanical both at home and abroad at present.Connected modes such as above-mentioned clamp-press type, compression connection and argon arc welding respectively have its characteristics, and are widely used in the actual installation engineering.But exist problems in actual applications, as the rubber washer problem of aging in the mechanical connection; Present stage also is not suitable for the fluid sealant of plumbing environment preferably, so adhesive technology can't be widely used on the actual engineering; Because unavoidably there are defectives such as heat affected area, weld crack, crystal grain be thick in melting welding head, the joint corrosion resistance is low simultaneously, for the stable operation of supply line stays hidden danger.And the soldering connection procedure generally needs heating, and the uniformity of bell and spigot joint circular gap is difficult for guaranteeing the very difficult fusion penetration of uniformity and the joint design of switching performance homogeneous of obtaining.
In the thin metallic tubd line structure of aircraft engine, consider the needs of structure loss of weight and expanded function, usually need to realize the connection of dissimilar metal thin-wall pipe, as the syndeton of aluminium-alloy pipe and stainless steel straight tube, corrugated stainless steel tubing, being connected etc. of aluminium-alloy pipe and copper alloy tube.Owing to very crisp intermetallic compound easily on linkage interface, occurs, and the very big stress gradient of generation, so, be difficult to obtain the jointing of high strength and high corrosion-resistant by methods such as diffusion welding (DW), explosive welding (EW), roll extrusion connection and friction welding (FW)s, limited of the application of these dissimilar metal connectors thus in fields such as weaponry, Aero-Space and automobile makings.Though advanced Laser Welding, electron beam welding technology can carry out the welding of the different metal materials under some match materials, but, these two kinds of technology are very high to the requirement of jointing structure, pre-welding treatment and clamping condition, and the height of while production cost also makes majority use and hangs back.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of safe, magnetic pulse connecting method and magnetic field impulse jointing structure efficiently for water-feeding ﹠ drainaging pipeline and other with, xenogenesis thin metallic tubd line structure.
The implementation step that realizes metal tubes magnetic field impulse connection process of the present invention is:
Step 1: to corresponding surface in the overlap L of connecting tube and connecting tube derust, deoil, ungrease treatment, make it to present bright and clean metal interface.
Step 2: connecting tube and connecting tube are placed with axial symmetry, and guaranteed the relative position of joint to be connected, general overlap length is 5-20t (t is the wall thickness of connecting tube).
Step 3: inductor be connected, connecting tube places with axial symmetry, guarantees that the workspace of inductor is relative with the pipe fitting overlap, guarantees dielectric strength enough between inductor and the connecting tube simultaneously;
Step 4: the turnover line end of coil inductor is connected with two terminals of electromagnetic pulse forming equipment, when electromagnetic pulse forming equipment carries out spark to inductor, between inductor and connecting tube, form high-intensity magnetic field and pulsed magnetic pressure, when pulsed magnetic pressure amplitude during significantly greater than the yield limit of connecting tube material, connecting tube generation radial motion and distortion, and impact with connecting tube and to contact, when this impact velocity surpasses the lower limit that produces the metal metallurgy smelting joint, then produce the magnetic pulse welding joint in former overlap position.
When adopting the coil-compound inductor of collection chinaware, the electric current that flows through the transient change of coil produces and the reciprocal induced-current of coil current (eddy current) on the collection chinaware outer wall that closes on coil; According to kelvin effect, eddy current flows on collection chinaware outer wall top layer, and forwards the inwall top layer to and then focus on top layer, chinaware workspace and flow at the collection chinaware place of cracking, and eddy current flow is to identical with coil current at this moment; This eddy current magnetism and connecting tube induced-current magnetic field superposition, between collection chinaware inwall workspace and connecting tube, form high-intensity magnetic field and produce pulsed magnetic pressure, when pulsed magnetic pressure during significantly greater than the yield limit of connecting tube material, connecting tube generation radial motion and distortion, and impact with connecting tube and to contact, when this impact velocity surpasses the lower limit that produces the metal metallurgy smelting joint, then produce the magnetic pulse welding joint in former overlap position.
Used collection chinaware can be cylindrical collection chinaware, and its structure is a single-turn circular coil, and sidewall is opened a vertical narrow groove, adds insulating materials in it.Collection chinaware vertical section structure is " worker " font, trapezoidal or "T"-shaped, and the ratio of the workspace on its inner surface and outer surface axial length is less than 1.Collection chinaware material commonly used is the metal of high strength, high conductivity, as red copper, copper alloy and high strength alumin ium alloy etc.
Realize that pipe joint structure of the present invention is as follows:
1, the piping material coupling that is suitable for of the present invention is as follows
(1) copper-copper or copper alloy
(2) aluminium alloy-aluminium alloy
(3) aluminium alloy-corrugated stainless steel tubing
(4) stainless steel-copper (copper is as the transition structure of stainless steel pipeline)
(5) stainless steel-stainless steel (directly connecting or adopt copper, the aluminium alloy driving body of high conductivity)
(6) other of the same race or different metal materials pipelines
2, the pipeline connecting method of matching materials
General employing applies the necking deformation method of attachment of pulsed magnetic pressure to connecting tube.Under the various connecting line joint design situations, the pipeline of match materials (1)～(4) item connects and can directly realize connecting by magnetic pulse connecting method.Under the various connecting line joint designs, the pipeline of match materials (5) item connects, and adopts the material of high conductivity to do driving body, as some copper alloys, aluminium alloy etc.; Perhaps carrying out before magnetic field impulse connects,, carrying out the magnetic field impulse attended operation again be connected the coating that connecting tube surface that inductor closes on applies certain thickness high conductivity metal material with magnetic field impulse.Under the various connecting line joint designs, the pipeline of match materials (6) item connects, if high conductivity metal is a connecting tube, then directly realizes connecting by magnetic pulse connecting method; If the low conductivity metal is a connecting tube, then handle by the pipeline connecting method of match materials (5) item.
The single face radial clearance of magnetic field impulse connecting tube and connecting tube is 5～20% of an outer tube interior diameter, perhaps gets 0.5～2.0t.
Connecting tube satisfies must rigidity requirement, to guarantee that plastic deformation or structural instability do not take place in the magnetic field impulse connection procedure.When magnetic field impulse connects (acquisition welding point), need not fill backing material and protective gas in the connected tube, need not other extra requirements simultaneously.
3, the pipe joint that is suitable for of the present invention connects
(1) connection of reducing or isometrical straight-through, elbow joints
(2) connection of multiple-pass joint such as threeway, four-way connection
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: (1) is for the electromagnetic pulse forming equipment of low and medium frequency, adopt coil directly connecting tube to be applied magnetic pressure as inductor, by the number of turn of regulating winding, the inductance that conductor cross-section changes coil itself, realize that magnetic field impulse connects the discharge loop Parameter Optimization, obtains the magnetic pulse welding joint of thin metallic tubd; (2) for the magnetic pulse formation equipment of medium-high frequency, for improving the inductor life-span, adopt coil-compound sensor structure of collection chinaware, diameter and wall thickness at pipe fitting, by changing the geometric properties of collection chinaware, can utilize existing coil can carry out multiple connection, significantly improve the process flexibility of pipe-pipe magnetic pulse connecting method; (3) need not follow-up cleaning process and post weld heat treatment; (4) because the contact of high speed impact at room temperature connection, the transition region of joint linkage interface is very little, produces fragility phase or intermetallic compound hardly, several no heat affected areas of joint and torsional deformation, intensity and corrosion resistance height, tensile strength and torsional strength all are higher than more weak mother metal at least; (5) be used for the pipe joint structure that magnetic field impulse connects and only need guarantee radial clearance enough between connecting tube and the connecting tube, the lap of splice; simultaneously satisfy must rigidity requirement for connecting tube; to guarantee that plastic deformation or structural instability do not take place in the magnetic field impulse connection procedure; when magnetic field impulse connects; need not fill backing material and protective gas in the connected tube; need not other extra requirements simultaneously, the technological flexibility height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 coil is as the pipe-pipe magnetic field impulse connection diagram of inductor
Fig. 2 coil-collection chinaware is as the pipe-pipe magnetic field impulse connection diagram of compound inductor
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 2
The pipe of Fig. 4 band driving body-pipe magnetic field impulse connection diagram
Fig. 5 leads directly to connecting tube magnetic field impulse jointing structural representation
Fig. 6 elbow connecting tube magnetic field impulse jointing structural representation
Fig. 7 leads to jointed tubular workpieces magnetic field impulse jointing structural representation more
Fig. 8 aluminium alloy-corrugated stainless steel tubing magnetic field impulse jointing structural representation
1---coil 2---connecting tube 3---connecting tube
4---electromagnetic pulse forming equipment 5---collection chinaware 6---driving body or driving coatings
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Coil is as the pipe-pipe magnetic pulse connecting method of inductor:
Adopt the 3A21 pipe of φ 20 * 1.0mm to be connected electromagnetic pulse forming device capacitances amount 720 μ F, discharge voltage 5.5kV, coil turn 5, internal diameter 21mm, its red copper circle line cross section 5 * 7mm with 20 steel pipes of φ 16 * 2.0mm.Above-mentioned two kinds of material pipe magnetic field impulse connection procedures have been realized, the welding point that obtain to have the fluctuation interface, remarkable interface element spreads.Magnetic field impulse jockey such as Fig. 1, concrete implementation procedure is as follows:
Step 1: derust, deoil in the corresponding surface to the overlap of the connecting tube 3 of length L and connecting tube 2, ungrease treatment, makes it to present bright and clean metal interface.
Step 2: connecting tube 3 and connecting tube 2 are placed with axial symmetry, and guaranteed the relative position of joint to be connected, the general lap of splice is 5-20t (t is the wall thickness of connecting tube).
Step 3: inductor coil 1 and connecting tube 3, connecting tube 2 are placed with axial symmetry, guaranteed that the coil inner surface is relative with the pipe fitting overlap, guarantee enough dielectric strengths between coil 1 and the connecting tube 3 simultaneously.
Step 4: the turnover line end of coil 1 is connected with two terminals of electromagnetic pulse forming equipment 4.When 4 pairs of inductor coils of electromagnetic pulse forming equipment 1 carry out spark, instantaneous, the high-frequency pulse current that flow through coil 1 produce the high-intensity magnetic field of transient change, and produce and the reciprocal induced-current of coil current (eddy current) on the outer wall of the connecting tube 3 that closes on it; According to kelvin effect, eddy current flows on the top layer of overlap inner connection tube spare tube wall; This eddy current magnetism and inductor current magnetic field superposition form high-intensity magnetic field between surface and connecting tube 3 outer surface of tube wall in coil, and produce the pulsed magnetic pressure that is applied to it with the effect of connecting tube spare induced-current.When pulsed magnetic pressure amplitude during significantly greater than the yield limit of connecting tube 3 materials, connecting tube generation radial motion and distortion, and impact with connecting tube and contact, when this impact velocity surpasses the lower limit that produces the metal metallurgy smelting joint, then at former overlap position generation magnetic pulse welding joint.
Coil-collection chinaware is as the pipe-pipe magnetic pulse connecting method of compound inductor:
Adopt the 3A21 pipe of φ 32 * 1.0mm to be connected electromagnetic pulse forming device capacitances amount 720 μ F, discharge voltage 6.5kV with 20 steel pipes of φ 28 * 2.5mm; Coil turn 17, internal diameter 91mm, circle line cross section 3 * 5mm, axial length 100mm; Collection chinaware external diameter 91mm, internal diameter 33mm, the long 100mm of outer wall, work head of district 10mm, the wide 0.5mm of longitudinal joint.Realize above-mentioned two kinds of material pipe electromagnetic pulse connection procedures, obtained to have the welding point at fluctuation interface.Magnetic field impulse jockey such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Concrete implementation procedure is as follows:
Step 1: derust, deoil in the corresponding surface to the overlap of the connecting tube 3 of length L and connecting tube 2, ungrease treatment, makes it to present bright and clean metal interface.
Step 2: connecting tube 3 and connecting tube 2 are placed with axial symmetry, and guaranteed the relative position of joint to be connected, the general lap of splice is 5-20t (t is the wall thickness of connecting tube).
Step 3: coil 1-collection chinaware 5 compound inductorses and connecting tube 3, connecting tube 2 are placed with axial symmetry, the workspace that guarantees compound inductors and pipe fitting connect to be distinguished relatively, guarantees enough dielectric strengths between compound inductors and the connecting tube 3 simultaneously; Used cylindrical collection chinaware 5 essence are a single-turn circular coil, and sidewall is opened a vertical narrow groove, add insulating materials in it.The longitudinal section of collection chinaware is isosceles trapezoid.Workspace on the collection chinaware inner surface is 10 with the ratio of outer surface axial length, and collection chinaware material commonly used is the metal of high strength, high conductivity, as red copper, copper alloy and high strength alumin ium alloy etc.
Step 4: the turnover line end of coil 1 is connected with two terminals of electromagnetic pulse forming equipment 4.When 4 pairs of coils of electromagnetic pulse forming equipment 1 carried out spark, the electric current that flows through the transient change of coil 1 produced on collection chinaware 5 outer walls that coil closes on and the reciprocal induced-current of coil current (eddy current); According to kelvin effect, eddy current flows on collection chinaware 5 outer wall top layers, and forward the inwall top layer to and then focus on top layer, chinaware workspace mobile at collection chinaware 5 place of cracking, and on the outer wall of the connecting tube 3 that closes on it, produce and the reciprocal induced-current of coil current, collection chinaware 5 workspace induced-currents and connecting tube 3 faradic magnetic field superposition, form high-intensity magnetic field between workspace on the collection chinaware inwall and connecting tube 3, itself and connecting tube 3 induced-current effects produce the pulsed magnetic pressure that is applied to it.Similar with afore-mentioned, produce the magnetic pulse welding joint.
Pipe-pipe the magnetic pulse connecting method of band driving body:
Comparative examples 1, the SS304 pipe 3 of φ 22 * 1.0mm is connected electromagnetic pulse forming device capacitances amount 100 μ F, discharge voltage 16.0kV, coil turn 10, circle line cross section 5 * 7mm with the SS304 pipe 2 of φ 18 * 1.0mm; Band collection chinaware, its internal diameter 24.5mm, work head of district 10.0mm, connecting tube is aided with red copper driving ring 6 outward, or uniform red copper coating 6.Realize above-mentioned two kinds of material pipe magnetic field impulse connection procedures, obtained welding point.Joint design such as Fig. 4.
The method of attachment of the straight-through connecting tube magnetic field impulse jointing structure of same material:
Adopt the red copper pipe fitting 2 of φ 20 * 1.0mm to be connected electromagnetic pulse forming device capacitances amount 100 μ F, discharge voltage 14.5kV, coil turn 5, internal diameter 25, circle line cross section 5 * 7mm with the red copper pipe fitting 3 of φ 24 * 1.0mm.Realized that above-mentioned two kinds of material pipe magnetic field impulses connect.Joint design such as Fig. 5.The technology implementation procedure is with reference to embodiment 1 described method.
Embodiment 5
Foreign material leads directly to the method for attachment of connecting tube magnetic field impulse jointing structure:
Adopt the SS304 pipe fitting 2 of φ 20 * 1.0mm to be connected electromagnetic pulse forming device capacitances amount 100 μ F, discharge voltage 18.0kV, coil turn 4, internal diameter 25, circle line cross section 3 * 7mm with the red copper pipe fitting 3 of φ 24 * 1.0mm.Realized that above-mentioned two kinds of material pipe magnetic field impulses connect.Joint design such as Fig. 5.The technology implementation procedure is with reference to embodiment 1 described method.
The method of attachment of elbow connecting tube magnetic field impulse jointing structure:
With reference to embodiment 4,5 described methods of attachment, wherein connecting tube 3 is for being the copper tube of an angle of 90 degrees bending.Joint design as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 7
The method of attachment of leading to jointed tubular workpieces magnetic field impulse jointing structure more:
With reference to embodiment 4 described methods of attachment, wherein connecting tube 3 is the copper tube of three-way connection, and three connecting tubes 2 are straight-through copper tube.Joint design as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 8
Aluminium alloy-corrugated stainless steel tubing magnetic field impulse jointing structure:
With reference to embodiment 1 described method of attachment, wherein connecting tube 3 is the high-strength aluminum alloy pipe, and connecting tube 2 is a corrugated stainless steel tubing.This kind syndeton is used to compensate because the variation that causes the pipeline structure axial dimension to take place under the industrial and mineral condition of variations in temperature.Joint design as shown in Figure 8.
Claims (9)
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