CN101905244B - Method for producing mandrel by utilizing 28NiCrMoV steel as raw material - Google Patents
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of production of mandrels and relates to a method for producing a mandrel by utilizing 28NiCrMoV steel as a raw material. The mandrel is formed by sorting, refining, forging, rough machining, heat treatment and fine machining. The method comprises the following steps of: when refining, pouring into a steel ingot in an EAF and LF/VD way, demoulding the steel ingot and hot conveying to forge; before forging, controlling heating temperature to 1,150-1,200 DEG C and controlling initial forging temperature to 950-1,150 DEG C and final forging temperature to 750 DEG C in the forging process; and carrying out heat treatment in a normalizing and tempering process way. In the forging process, the feeding amount and the rolling reduction of an oil press are strictly controlled during upsetting; the mandrel is forged and moulded by adopting a precise forging machine of 1,400 tons during moulding; pulling and striking speed and deflection can be strictly controlled in a process of forging of the precise forging machine; and a heat treatment process is carried out in the normalizing and tempering way, thereby achieving the effect of improving strength limit and impact toughness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plug production technical field, relate to the method for a kind of 28NiCrMoV of utilization steel for the raw material production plug.
Background technology
Plug is that modern technologies are produced one of necessary most important instrument of heavy caliber seamless steel pipe; This product environment for use in the roll seamless steel tube process is abominable; About 1150 ℃ of serviceability temperatures; Surface temperature can reach about 700 ℃ within a short period of time, and with after water spray cooling rapidly, and reach the standard grade once more rapidly and recycle.The cold and hot fatigue stress of high temperature that will bear big and complicated stretching, compression contact stress in the operation of rolling and circulate at a high speed.Mainly scrapping defective is the crackle that the scuffing on surface checking, ring crack and the axis causes, this is to be caused by multiple combined factors effect.The technical data of domestic plug production aspect is less; External plug manufacturer is very secret to this production technology; Along with going deep into to plug research; Both sides of supply and demand also reach unanimity to the understanding that influences plug factor in service life, promptly improve service life through strength degree and the impact flexibility that improves material, and its core technology is smelting, forging and the Technology for Heating Processing of ultra-clean steel.Existing the most frequently used a kind of mandrel material both at home and abroad is the H13 steel, but its transverse impact toughness is difficult for assurance, and production cost is too high.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of 28NiCrMoV of utilization steel for the raw material production plug, and this method can improve the strength degree and the impact flexibility of plug.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method of utilizing the 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug, through select materials-refining-forging-roughing-heat treatment-fine finishining forms, the control heating-up temperature is 1150-1200 ℃ before the said forging; The control initial forging temperature is 950-1150 ℃ in the forging process; Final forging temperature is 750 ℃, adopts the mode of jumping-up, pulling during forging, and control jumping-up coefficient is greater than 2 during jumping-up; Controlling each passage during pulling, to draw the speed of beating be 4-6m/min, and it is 2-3m/min that last passage is drawn the speed of beating; Adopt normalizing+hardening and tempering process mode to carry out during said heat treatment, normalizing temperature is 870-900 ℃, and temperature retention time is 0.8-1h/100mm; The normalizing after wind is chilled to room temperature, quenches then, and hardening heat is 860-890 ℃; Temperature retention time is 0.8-1h/100mm, puts into the water that temperature is lower than 25 ℃ after the quenching and cools off, and carries out tempering at 520-580 ℃ then; Temperature retention time is 1.5-2h/100mm, below the air cooling to 100 ℃ of coming out of the stove.
Select for use the 28NiCrMoV10 steel as raw material during said refining, adopt the refining of EAF+LF/VD mode, pour into steel ingot, forging is sent in steel ingot demoulding after heat.
Said refining process control chemical composition is: C=0.26~0.32%, Si=0.30~0.50%, Mn=0.20~0.40%; Ni=2.30~2.60%, Cr=0.70~0.90%, Mo=0.55~0.70%; V=0.25~0.32%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.013%.
Adopt hydraulic press during said jumping-up, control feed 300-500mm, drafts 100-200mm.
Said drawing adopted 1400 tons of precise forging machine when beating, the control deflection is 50-80mm.
Adopt blower fan air blast forced air-cooling after the said normalizing during air cooling.
The present invention selects for use the 28NiCrMoV steel as raw material, in forging process, needs the feed and the drafts of strict control hydraulic press during jumping-up, so that steel ingot inside produces distortion greatly, effectively improves the lateral performance of workpiece, and effectively the steel ingot internal flaw is closed in forging; Adopt 1400 tons of precise forging machine forging and moldings during shaping, precise forging machine is forged strict control and is drawn dozen speed and deflection, guarantees plug performance each several part uniformity; Technology for Heating Processing adopts normalizing+modified mode to carry out, but through normalizing crystal grain thinning and uniform formation and composition, ready for quenching; Air-cooled after the normalizing, cooling velocity is fast, and crystal grain is refinement well; And eliminate thick lamellar pearlite and uniform formation and composition, adopt the low temperature water-cooling pattern when quenching simultaneously, improved cooling velocity and full hardening deepness; Make the whole through hardening in the whole cross section of workpiece, reduce residual austenite content to greatest extent, obtain martensitic structure; Guaranteed that the quench cooled earthquake intensity is intoo drastic again, so intensity is arranged in pairs or groups well with impacting, comprehensive mechanical property is high; Obtain the tiny and uniform tempered sorbite through high tempering again, thereby reach the effect that improves strength degree and impact flexibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Technology for Heating Processing flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: selecting the plug steel grade for use is 28NiCrMoV10, through select materials-refining-forging-roughing-heat treatment-fine finishining forms, EAF+LF/VD refining mode is adopted in the back of selecting materials, furnace charge by secondary or the above steel scrap of secondary, return stub bar, high-quality conversion pig, sponge iron etc. and form; Tap after the EAF oxidation, the LF/VD ar blowing refining is carried out in pre-deoxidation and partially-alloyed in the bag; The weak stirring before the tapping, argon for protecting pouring is adopted in the calm back of tapping, and forging is sent in steel ingot demoulding after heat; The control chemical composition is in the refining process: C=0.26~0.32%, Si=0.30~0.50%, Mn=0.20~0.40%; Ni=2.30~2.60%, Cr=0.70~0.90%, Mo=0.55~0.70%; V=0.25~0.32%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.013%; Heating in the formula gas furnace at the bottom of the car then, furnace temp is 1150 ℃, and blank temperature allows than low 20 ℃ of furnace temperature; With 950 ℃ of the initial forging temperatures that guarantee blank and 750 ℃ of final forging temperatures, in forging process: adopt the hydraulic press jumping-up, control jumping-up coefficient is greater than 2; Control feed 500mm, drafts 200mm adopts 1400 tons of precise forging machine to forge then; The control deflection is 80mm, and each passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 6 meters of per minutes, and last passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 3 meters of per minutes; Heat-treat after the roughing, adopt normalizing+hardening and tempering process mode to carry out, as shown in Figure 1, carry out normalizing earlier; Normalizing temperature is 870 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 1 hour/100mm, adopts the axial blower air blast to force to be cooled to room temperature after the normalizing, for increasing air cooling effect; Can improve the base plate height, place formula chassis both sides and front side at the bottom of the car respectively, be directly injected on the workpiece, force evenly cooling fast of workpiece from a plurality of orientation with six typhoon machines; In order to crystal grain thinning and uniform formation and composition, ready for quenching, adopt modifier treatment technology after the normalizing; Hardening heat adopts 860 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 1 hour/100mm, makes workpiece heart portion reach set point of temperature, accomplishes the austenite transformation and makes its homogenising; The water of putting into then less than 25 ℃ cools off continuously, obtains martensitic structure, carries out high tempering at 520 ℃ again; Temperature retention time adopts 2 hours/100mm, and the continuation of carrying out martensite decomposition and retained austenite changes, and obtains tiny and uniform tempered sorbite tissue; Come out of the stove below the air cooling to 100 ℃, mechanical property satisfies the high strength limit used and the requirement of impact flexibility, carries out fine finishining then.
Embodiment 2: selecting the plug steel grade for use is 28NiCrMoV10, through select materials-refining-forging-roughing-heat treatment-fine finishining forms, EAF+LF/VD refining mode is adopted in the back of selecting materials, furnace charge by secondary or the above steel scrap of secondary, return stub bar, high-quality conversion pig, sponge iron etc. and form; Tap after the EAF oxidation, the LF/VD ar blowing refining is carried out in pre-deoxidation and partially-alloyed in the bag; The weak stirring before the tapping, argon for protecting pouring is adopted in the calm back of tapping, and forging is sent in steel ingot demoulding after heat; The control chemical composition is in the refining process: C=0.26~0.32%, Si=0.30~0.50%, Mn=0.20~0.40%; Ni=2.30~2.60%, Cr=0.70~0.90%, Mo=0.55~0.70%; V=0.25~0.32%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.013%; Heating in the formula gas furnace at the bottom of the car then, furnace temp is 1180 ℃, and blank temperature allows than low 40 ℃ of furnace temperature; With 1050 ℃ of the initial forging temperatures that guarantee blank and 750 ℃ of final forging temperatures, in forging process: adopt the hydraulic press jumping-up, control jumping-up coefficient is greater than 2; Control feed 400mm, drafts 150mm adopts 1400 tons of precise forging machine to forge then; The control deflection is 60mm, and each passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 5 meters of per minutes, and last passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 2.5 meters of per minutes; Heat-treat after the roughing, adopt normalizing+hardening and tempering process mode to carry out, as shown in Figure 1, carry out normalizing earlier; Normalizing temperature is 890 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 0.9 hour/100mm, adopts the axial blower air blast to force to be cooled to room temperature after the normalizing, for increasing air cooling effect; Can improve the base plate height, place formula chassis both sides and front side at the bottom of the car respectively, be directly injected on the workpiece, force evenly cooling fast of workpiece from a plurality of orientation with six typhoon machines; In order to crystal grain thinning and uniform formation and composition, ready for quenching, adopt modifier treatment technology after the normalizing; Hardening heat adopts 880 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 0.9 hour/100mm, makes workpiece heart portion reach set point of temperature, accomplishes the austenite transformation and makes its homogenising; The water of putting into then less than 25 ℃ cools off continuously, obtains martensitic structure, carries out high tempering at 550 ℃ again; Temperature retention time adopts 1.8 hours/100mm, and the continuation of carrying out martensite decomposition and retained austenite changes, and obtains tiny and uniform tempered sorbite tissue; Come out of the stove below the air cooling to 100 ℃, mechanical property satisfies the high strength limit used and the requirement of impact flexibility, carries out fine finishining then.
Embodiment 3: selecting the plug steel grade for use is 28NiCrMoV10, through select materials-refining-forging-roughing-heat treatment-fine finishining forms, EAF+LF/VD refining mode is adopted in the back of selecting materials, furnace charge by secondary or the above steel scrap of secondary, return stub bar, high-quality conversion pig, sponge iron etc. and form; Tap after the EAF oxidation, the LF/VD ar blowing refining is carried out in pre-deoxidation and partially-alloyed in the bag; The weak stirring before the tapping, argon for protecting pouring is adopted in the calm back of tapping, and forging is sent in steel ingot demoulding after heat; The control chemical composition is in the refining process: C=0.26~0.32%, Si=0.30~0.50%, Mn=0.20~0.40%; Ni=2.30~2.60%, Cr=0.70~0.90%, Mo=0.55~0.70%; V=0.25~0.32%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.013%; Heating in the formula gas furnace at the bottom of the car then, furnace temp is 1200 ℃, and blank temperature allows than low 50 ℃ of furnace temperature; With 1150 ℃ of the initial forging temperatures that guarantee blank and 750 ℃ of final forging temperatures, in forging process: adopt the hydraulic press jumping-up, control jumping-up coefficient is greater than 2; Control feed 300mm, drafts 100mm adopts 1400 tons of precise forging machine to forge then; The control deflection is 50mm, and each passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 4 meters of per minutes, and last passage is drawn and beaten speed controlling 2 meters of per minutes; Heat-treat after the roughing, adopt normalizing+hardening and tempering process mode to carry out, as shown in Figure 1, carry out normalizing earlier; Normalizing temperature is 900 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 0.8 hour/100mm, adopts the axial blower air blast to force to be cooled to room temperature after the normalizing, for increasing air cooling effect; Can improve the base plate height, place formula chassis both sides and front side at the bottom of the car respectively, be directly injected on the workpiece, force evenly cooling fast of workpiece from a plurality of orientation with six typhoon machines; In order to crystal grain thinning and uniform formation and composition, ready for quenching, adopt modifier treatment technology after the normalizing; Hardening heat adopts 890 ℃, and temperature retention time adopts 0.8 hour/100mm, makes workpiece heart portion reach set point of temperature, accomplishes the austenite transformation and makes its homogenising; The water of putting into then less than 25 ℃ cools off continuously, obtains martensitic structure, carries out high tempering at 580 ℃ again; Temperature retention time adopts 1.5 hours/100mm, and the continuation of carrying out martensite decomposition and retained austenite changes, and obtains tiny and uniform tempered sorbite tissue; Come out of the stove below the air cooling to 100 ℃, mechanical property satisfies the high strength limit used and the requirement of impact flexibility, carries out fine finishining then.
Above each embodiment and corresponding reference examples product are tested result such as following table 1 by GB/T 228 with GB/T 229 existing testing standards.The product that reference examples adopts common process to produce does not carry out jumping-up during forging, air cooling after the normalizing, and cooling velocity is slow, and grain refining effect is bad, and adopts oil cooling during quench cooled, and the quench cooled earthquake intensity is poor, causes the rich amount of intensity little, and ballistic work is on the low side; And the product of explained hereafter of the present invention carries out jumping-up when forging on the one hand, effectively improves the lateral performance of workpiece; Air-cooled after the normalizing on the other hand, cooling velocity is fast, and crystal grain is refinement well; And eliminate thick lamellar pearlite and uniform formation and composition, water-cooling pattern when adopting low temperature long when quenching has simultaneously improved cooling velocity and full hardening deepness; Reduce residual austenite content to greatest extent, obtain martensitic structure, guaranteed that the quench cooled earthquake intensity is intoo drastic again; So intensity is arranged in pairs or groups well with impacting, comprehensive mechanical property is high.
The test data of table 1 embodiment 1-3 and reference examples product
Remarks: during the impact absorbing energy test, got three lateral impact samples in the test piece, corresponding three impact values.
Found out that by last table 1 data the product comprehensive mechanical property of explained hereafter of the present invention is high, comprehensive mechanical property obviously is superior to the reference examples product, proves absolutely the significant superiority of technology of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. method of utilizing the 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug; Through select materials-refining-forging-roughing-heat treatment-fine finishining forms; It is characterized in that: the control heating-up temperature is 1150-1200 ℃ before the said forging, and the control initial forging temperature is 950-1150 ℃ in the forging process, and final forging temperature is 750 ℃; Adopt the mode of jumping-up, pulling during forging; Control jumping-up coefficient is greater than 2 during jumping-up, and controlling each passage during pulling, to draw the speed of beating be 4-6m/min, and it is 2-3m/min that last passage is drawn the speed of beating; Adopt normalizing+hardening and tempering process mode to carry out during said heat treatment, normalizing temperature is 870-900 ℃, and temperature retention time is 0.8-1h/100mm; The normalizing after wind is chilled to room temperature, quenches then, and hardening heat is 860-890 ℃; Temperature retention time is 0.8-1h/100mm, puts into the water that temperature is lower than 25 ℃ after the quenching and cools off, and carries out tempering at 520-580 ℃ then; Temperature retention time is 1.5-2h/100mm, below the air cooling to 100 ℃ of coming out of the stove; Said refining process control chemical composition is: C=0.26~0.32%, Si=0.30~0.50%, Mn=0.20~0.40%; Ni=2.30~2.60%, Cr=0.70~0.90%, Mo=0.55~0.70%; V=0.25~0.32%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.013%.
2. the method for utilizing the 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: select for use the 28NiCrMoV10 steel as raw material during said refining; Adopt the refining of EAF+LF/VD mode, pour into steel ingot, forging is sent in steel ingot demoulding after heat.
According to claim 1 or claim 2 utilize the method for 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug, it is characterized in that: adopt hydraulic press, control feed 300-500mm, drafts 100-200mm during said jumping-up.
4. the method for utilizing the 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said drawing adopted 1400 tons of precise forging machine when beating, the control deflection is 50-80mm.
5. the method for utilizing the 28NiCrMoV steel for the raw material production plug as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: adopt blower fan air blast forced air-cooling after the said normalizing when air-cooled.
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CN102029347B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of gear shaft forge piece for offshore drilling platform |
CN103071746A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-05-01 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Machining method for rear cylinder trunnion |
CN103469092A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-12-25 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Production method for main shaft of fan by using 34CrNiMo6 steel as raw material |
CN103555912B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2016-02-17 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | A kind of 30Cr3MoV steel that utilizes is for the method for raw material production plug |
CN104227350A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-24 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Preparing method of retained mandrel |
CN105154627A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-12-16 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Production method for drilling tool materials used in low-temperature environment |
CN105420471B (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-01-19 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | A kind of technique for improving normalizing hardness after 35 steel riders is forged |
CN105603169B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏大学 | The short route manufacture method of large-scale 30CrNi2MoV steel parts |
CN106755854A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 河南中原重型锻压有限公司 | The heat treatment method of 4145H forging and the forging of production |
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CN1040396A (en) * | 1988-08-13 | 1990-03-14 | 大连理工大学 | High strength and high toughness die steel for hammer forging |
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DE19531260C5 (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 2006-06-22 | Edelstahlwerke Buderus Ag | Process for producing a hot-work tool steel |
FR2780418B1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-09-08 | Aubert & Duval Sa | CEMENTATION STEEL WITH HIGH INCOME TEMPERATURE, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME AND PARTS FORMED THEREFROM |
US6478898B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2002-11-12 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method of producing tool steels |
CN1086965C (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2002-07-03 | 赵士英 | Technology for manufacturing mandrel used to roll seamless steel tube |
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CN101352796A (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-28 | 赵金发 | Novel technique for producing mandrel bar |
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