CN101893558A - Three-component fire gas detector - Google Patents
Three-component fire gas detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN101893558A CN101893558A CN 201010214367 CN201010214367A CN101893558A CN 101893558 A CN101893558 A CN 101893558A CN 201010214367 CN201010214367 CN 201010214367 CN 201010214367 A CN201010214367 A CN 201010214367A CN 101893558 A CN101893558 A CN 101893558A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-component fire gas detector which can accurately detect the concentrations of three gas components of CO, CO2 and CH4 in a fire combustion product, and proposes a fire identification method. The three-component fire gas detector is composed of a gas absorption cell, a signal processing control module and a communication module. In the invention, gas in a protected space is extracted to the gas absorption cell; when an infrared beam in the gas absorption cell passes through a specific gas, infrared light with a specific frequency is absorbed by the specific gas; and the infrared light with specific wavelength in the infrared beam changes, which indicates that the specific gas to be detected exists in the gas, and the gas detector responds immediately to convert the variable quantity and the infrared frequency of the infrared light into an electrical signal, and finally the electrical signal is subjected to signal processing to obtain gas concentrations and types in the detector. The gas detector displays the gas concentration on an upper computer through the communication module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fire fighting equipment field, be specially a kind of three-component fire gas detector.
Background technology
Fire glows, the initial stage, four-stage such as develops and extinguish from fermenting, occur to extinguish to have experienced, common fire detector just can detect fire at fire initial stage or even developing stage, so often lose the preferably period of fire extinguishing, increased the loss that fire causes to the mankind.And fire detector in the past mainly is by monitoring the single one physical parameter under the fire hazard environment, only depend on physical parameter of monitoring still can't carry out early detection warning accurately to fire, the reliability of fire detector being descended greatly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of three-component fire gas detector, can only be to solve traditional fire detector in fire initial stage and developing stage by measuring the relatively poor problem of reliability that the single one physical parameter is brought.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Three-component fire gas detector, it is characterized in that: comprise having the into gas absorption cell of light-emitting window, air inlet/outlet, described gas absorption cell light inlet is outside equipped with infrared light supply, light-emitting window is outside equipped with infrared eye, described infrared eye is electrically connected with gas absorption cell signal processing circuit outward, and the arc-shaped reflecting mirror that described gas absorption cell light inlet side walls is provided with adjustable angle constitutes repeatedly reflected light path; The light that infrared light supply sends is from the light inlet incident of gas absorption cell, after the described arc-shaped reflecting mirror of process repeatedly reflects, from the light-emitting window outgoing to described infrared eye; Also be disposed with the modulation wheel that rotates by motor-driven between the light inlet of described infrared light supply and gas absorption cell, filter wheel, have a window on the described modulation wheel, have four on the described filter wheel by the equally distributed window of circumference, be separately installed with first spike interference filter of operation wavelength in the described window at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of carbon monoxide, operation wavelength is at second spike interference filter at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of carbon dioxide, operation wavelength is at the 3rd spike interference filter at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of methane, operation wavelength is at carbon monoxide, the 4th spike interference filter that the infrared signature absorbing wavelength of carbon dioxide and methane is outer is filled with the associated gas of high concentration in the described filter wheel.
Three-component fire gas detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal processing circuit comprises dsp controller, the A/D change-over circuit that constitutes by chip AD7610, constitute the filter amplification circuit that eight rank Butterworth filters and operational amplifier OP27 constitute by MAX274, the pre-amplification circuit that constitutes by lock-in amplifier, after being connected with two filter chip UAF42A on the signal output part of described infrared detector in turn, be electrically connected to the input end of linear optical coupling IL300 again, the output terminal of described linear optical coupling IL300 is electrically connected with the input end of described pre-amplification circuit, described pre-amplification circuit, filter amplification circuit, the A/D change-over circuit is electrically connected successively again, the output terminal of described A/D change-over circuit is electrically connected with the input end of photoelectrical coupler VO2630, and the output terminal of described photoelectrical coupler VO2630 is electrically connected with the signal input interface of described dsp controller.
Three-component fire gas detector according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described dsp controller passes through I
2C interface is electrically connected with the pin-saving chip EEPROM that model is 24LC256, be electrically connected with the communication interface that model is SP485EEN on the SCI interface of dsp controller, described dsp controller also is connected with LED, is connected with button by chip 74HC165 by parallel interface.
Three-component fire gas detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also include collection chamber, the air intake opening of described gas absorption cell is connected with a gas outlet gas circuit of collection chamber, another place, gas outlet of described collection chamber is equipped with aspiration pump, the gas outlet of described gas absorption cell is equipped with vacuum pump, and described dsp controller is electrically connected with the power control terminal of described aspiration pump and vacuum pump respectively by TLP521.
The present invention is drawn into gas absorption cell with the air sample in protected space; the inherent light beam of gas absorption cell is imported and exported the both sides sidewall and is mounted with two sides arc minute surface; can repeatedly reflection take place at two minute surfaces after light beam enters from light inlet, order of reflection can be adjusted by regulating two minute surface relative angles.The effective light path of light beam in reflection tank is that the minute surface distance is long-pending with order of reflection.The arc minute surface has focussing force, regulates its distance and saves the spot size at last light hole place with adjustable angle.Infrared light is repeatedly reflection in gas absorption cell, and the specific wavelength in the infrared light supply emission infrared light is absorbed respectively by gas to be measured, is received by corresponding infrared eye after the filtering of specific infrared light process narrow band pass filter.When in the gas absorption cell specific gas being arranged, corresponding infrared light intensity changes, and measures the concentration that this variation just obtains three kinds of gases in the gas sample.
The present invention can be simultaneously to CO, CO
2And CH
4The concentration of three kinds of gas compositions is carried out on-line monitoring, improves the accuracy that fire early detection is reported to the police.The three-component fire gas detection system is by correlation filtering technology and modulation wheel, filter wheel, repeatedly reflection tank, photosignal conversion, signal Processing can realize that system is to CO, CO
2And CH
4Monitoring in the time of three kinds of gases.Infrared beam is by after the modulation wheel modulation, and impeller is finished the filtering of infrared beam after filtration again.Filter wheel is according to CO, CO
2And CH
4Can be so that only there be the infrared light of specified wavelength in three kinds of characteristic wavelength filtering that gas is concrete separately after the filtering in the infrared beam.
Adopt the correlation filtering technology, overcome phase mutual interference and influence between each passage of polycomponent.After filter wheel is carried out filtering to infrared beam, the associated gas that charges into high concentration after filter wheel will further be carried out correlation filtering by the infrared beam of filter wheel, make that the infrared beam that enters in the gas absorption cell is pure to greatest extent.Introduce the method for designing that reference light paths is handled, effectively eliminate of the influence of the situations such as zero point drift of the fixed and photoelectric device of flashing monitoring accuracy.
When breaking out of fire, contain CO, the CO of specific concentrations in the flue gas
2And CH
4, there is strict ratio row relation in this three to different combustibles.By the proportionate relationship between the three other is revealed and natural fire generation difference mutually, thus the reliable warning of the system of realization.
When sample gas enters gas absorption cell, the gas of various compositions absorbs the infrared light of the specific wavelength of infrared light supply emission respectively, receive the infrared intensity variations of response wave length again by infrared eye through the narrow band pass filter of each detector, conversion is output as electric signal, ultra-weak electronic signal involves processing and amplifying after filtration, be converted to digital signal via A/D converter, send into digital signal processor (DSP) again and carry out data analysis and handle and to obtain CO contained in the gas to be measured, CO
2And CH
4Concentration, judge breaking out of fire or gas and leak, and carry out sound and light alarm.
The present invention can obtain three kinds of gas component concentrations in the fire products of combustion in the stage of glowing accurately and efficiently, has realized the purpose of utmost point early fire detection.Compare with the early fire detection device, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. can be simultaneously to CO, CO
2And CH
4The concentration of three kinds of gas compositions is carried out on-line monitoring, improves the accuracy that fire utmost point early detection is reported to the police:
2. introduce the method for designing that reference light paths is handled, effectively eliminate of the influence of the situations such as zero point drift of the fixed and photoelectric device of flashing monitoring accuracy.
3. adopt infrared light supply, arrowband infrared fileter, high-sensitive quick response infrared eye and high-precision A/D conversion and DSP Digital Signal Processing, measuring accuracy height, the response time of wide spectrum to lack:
4. adopt repeatedly reflection long light path gas absorption cell (40 secondary reflections, 2m light path), detection system has lower detection lower bound and higher monitoring accuracy:
5. adopt the correlation filtering technology, overcome phase mutual interference and influence between each passage of polycomponent:
6. detection system adopts the computing machine of RS-485 bus and pulpit to carry out communication, shows monitored gas component concentrations and change curve in real time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system of the present invention control block diagram.
Fig. 2 is circuit system control block diagram.
Fig. 3 is a software flow pattern.
Fig. 4 is a gas absorption cell index path of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the three-component fire gas detection system comprises compositions such as infrared light supply 1, modulation wheel 2, filter wheel 3, stepper motor, gas absorption cell 4, vacuum pump, collection chamber, main scavenging pump, infrared eye, pre-amplification circuit, filter amplification circuit, A/D convertor circuit, dsp controller, LCD in the present embodiment.
The mode of operation of system is: when steady operation was placed by system, tested gas was sucked from air intake opening by aspiration pump, by dry filter device filtering dust, and behind the removal moisture content, the inflow gas measuring chamber, after the gas analyzing and processing, delivery side of pump enters atmosphere by bleeding; The optical routing 4 tunnel of gas is formed, the 1 the tunnel is reference light paths, the operation wavelength of its spike interference filter is chosen in the non-absorbent wave band of gas to be measured, the light intensity that pairing infrared eye receives and the concentration change of gas to be measured are irrelevant, only monitor the variation of infrared light supply luminous intensity, light path, avoid external interference, improve measuring accuracy; The 2-4 road is for measuring light path, and the operation wavelength of its spike interference filter is chosen in the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane respectively, and the light intensity that pairing infrared eye is received changes with corresponding gas concentration; The quaternary infrared eye is converted to electric signal with the light intensity signal that receives, and after lock-in amplifier amplifies, sends into the synchronous data collection card, by data collecting card analog signal conversion is become digital signal, carries out data analysis for computing machine and handles.Simulating signal after the opto-electronic conversion, through 2 UAF42A filter chip Filtering Processing, input uses linear optical coupling IL300 to isolate input, reduces the interference to small signal amplification circuit.Data acquisition front is that MAX274 constitutes 8 rank Butterworth filters to the signal filtering processing and amplifying, use the OP27 amplifier signal to be amplified to ± the 10V scope, to satisfy the input requirement of AD sampling, part of data acquisition uses AD7610 as A/D convertor circuit, signal input range ± 10V, the single-ended input of input pattern signal, translation data form are 16 no sign forms, use high speed photo coupling VO2630 to isolate serial mode with processor interface.AD7610 uses the hardware configuration mode, be operated in no symbol, ± 10V, serial be under the pattern of pattern.
Data storage is used EEPROM 24LC256, uses the I2C interface as memory device.
Communicate by letter use SP485EEN with external series as communication interface, use SCI interface and read-write control signal, be in receive status, be connected with LCD and use parallel interface, the LED indication uses 74HC595 to expand.The button input is imported by 74HC165.Output is used the TLP521 isolated controlling to the Electric Machine Control of pump.
Claims (4)
1. three-component fire gas detector, it is characterized in that: comprise having the into gas absorption cell of light-emitting window, air inlet/outlet, described gas absorption cell light inlet is outside equipped with infrared light supply, light-emitting window is outside equipped with infrared eye, described infrared eye is electrically connected with gas absorption cell signal processing circuit outward, and the arc-shaped reflecting mirror that described gas absorption cell light inlet side walls is provided with adjustable angle constitutes repeatedly reflected light path; The light that infrared light supply sends is from the light inlet incident of gas absorption cell, after the described arc-shaped reflecting mirror of process repeatedly reflects, from the light-emitting window outgoing to described infrared eye; Also be disposed with the modulation wheel that rotates by motor-driven between the light inlet of described infrared light supply and gas absorption cell, filter wheel, have a window on the described modulation wheel, have four on the described filter wheel by the equally distributed window of circumference, be separately installed with first spike interference filter of operation wavelength in the described window at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of carbon monoxide, operation wavelength is at second spike interference filter at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of carbon dioxide, operation wavelength is at the 3rd spike interference filter at the infrared signature absorbing wavelength place of methane, operation wavelength is at carbon monoxide, the 4th spike interference filter that the infrared signature absorbing wavelength of carbon dioxide and methane is outer is filled with the associated gas of high concentration in the described filter wheel.
2. three-component fire gas detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal processing circuit comprises dsp controller, the A/D change-over circuit that constitutes by chip AD7610, constitute the filter amplification circuit that eight rank Butterworth filters and operational amplifier OP27 constitute by MAX274, the pre-amplification circuit that constitutes by lock-in amplifier, after being connected with two filter chip UAF42A on the signal output part of described infrared detector in turn, be electrically connected to the input end of linear optical coupling IL300 again, the output terminal of described linear optical coupling IL300 is electrically connected with the input end of described pre-amplification circuit, described pre-amplification circuit, filter amplification circuit, the A/D change-over circuit is electrically connected successively again, the output terminal of described A/D change-over circuit is electrically connected with the input end of photoelectrical coupler VO2630, and the output terminal of described photoelectrical coupler VO2630 is electrically connected with the signal input interface of described dsp controller.
3. three-component fire gas detector according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described dsp controller is electrically connected with the pin-saving chip EEPROM that model is 24LC256 by the I2C interface, be electrically connected with the communication interface that model is SP485EEN on the SCI interface of dsp controller, described dsp controller also is connected with LED, is connected with button by chip 74HC165 by parallel interface.
4. three-component fire gas detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also include collection chamber, the air intake opening of described gas absorption cell is connected with a gas outlet gas circuit of collection chamber, another place, gas outlet of described collection chamber is equipped with aspiration pump, the gas outlet of described gas absorption cell is equipped with vacuum pump, and described dsp controller is electrically connected with the power control terminal of described aspiration pump and vacuum pump respectively by TLP521.
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CN102608064A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 河南汉威电子股份有限公司 | Three-channel infrared gas sensor for CO gas high-precision detection |
CN102944364A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-27 | 中国科学技术大学 | Hydrocarbon combustible gas leakage monitoring device and method based on network transmission |
CN103115877A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-05-22 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Optical detection system for measuring concentrations of different gases |
CN103852439A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 北京雪迪龙科技股份有限公司 | Volatile organic compound monitoring equipment and method |
CN104458626A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 力合科技(湖南)股份有限公司 | Gas analyzer |
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CN105319178A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Real-time detection system and control method for CO and CO2 concentration in motor vehicle exhaust |
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CN111220570A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 电子科技大学 | Infrared multi-gas detection system and gas detection method |
CN111710123A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 深圳市泰科安邦科技有限公司 | Linear light fire detector |
CN111710123B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2023-09-01 | 深圳市泰科安邦科技有限公司 | Linear light fire detector |
CN112198134A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-08 | 海南聚能科技创新研究院有限公司 | Portable infrared gas analyzer |
CN112881326A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-01 | 合肥福瞳光电科技有限公司 | Carbon monoxide detection device and detection method |
CN116311764A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-06-23 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司 | Fire detection method, equipment and system |
CN116688402A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-09-05 | 广东御安建筑消防科技有限公司 | Air suction type fire detection alarm fire extinguishing system |
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