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CN101889165B - 用于压缩气体的容器和用于生产该容器的方法及生产设施 - Google Patents

用于压缩气体的容器和用于生产该容器的方法及生产设施 Download PDF

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CN101889165B
CN101889165B CN2007801013454A CN200780101345A CN101889165B CN 101889165 B CN101889165 B CN 101889165B CN 2007801013454 A CN2007801013454 A CN 2007801013454A CN 200780101345 A CN200780101345 A CN 200780101345A CN 101889165 B CN101889165 B CN 101889165B
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CN101889165A (zh
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K·伯格伦
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Gastank Sweden AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
    • B29C53/584—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features having a non-circular cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
    • B29C53/585—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features the cross-section varying along their axis, e.g. tapered, with ribs, or threads, with socket-ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7154—Barrels, drums, tuns, vats
    • B29L2031/7156—Pressure vessels
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2201/0171—Shape complex comprising a communication hole between chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/013—Reinforcing means in the vessel, e.g. columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
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    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0665—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments radially wound
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0668—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments axially wound
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F17C2203/0673—Polymers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
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    • F17C2209/2127—Moulding by blowing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
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  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于经压缩的气态燃料的容器。该容器具有非圆柱形形状且在该容器内具备隔板。该容器由复合物包围，复合物包括绕容器缠绕的纤维加强件。该容器包括衬套，衬套的形状与所希望的容器形状基本上相同。该衬套具备至少一个凹口，凹口绕衬套延伸且将衬套分成由通道彼此连接的若干部段。该纤维加强件以不同方向绕衬套连续缠绕以确保足够的容器强度、且凹口充满纤维使得凹口中的纤维构成隔板。本发明还涉及用于生产所主张保护的容器的方法。

Description

用于压缩气体的容器和用于生产该容器的方法及生产设施
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于压缩气体的容器，一种生产这种容器的方法以及一种生产设施。 
背景技术
在许多不同应用中使用不同类型的气体。气体通常封闭于高压容器中，高压容器被设计成耐受源自容器中气体的压力。取决于应用、温度、容器中气体量和气体的具体类型，该压力可到达相当大的压力且因此必须相应地设计压力容器。 
有许多不同的压力容器可用。其中的大部分容器具有圆形截面的圆柱形形状，因为具有圆柱形状、圆形截面和足够强度的压力容器很容易生产。容器由金属或复合物制成，复合物包括绕心轴或绕衬套缠绕的纤维加强件。 
现在，越来越多的车辆由(例如)压缩天然气(CNG)或生物气体提供动力。为了确保车辆所希望的操作范围，容器体积必须足够大。但车辆中的可用空间很有限，且为了增加容器体积，需要一种可适应于可用空间的具有非圆柱形形状和非圆形截面的容器。 
但具有非圆柱形形状和非圆形截面的容器中的负荷与具有圆柱形形状和圆形截面的容器相当不同、且比后者更大。为了使容器足够强固以耐受负荷，容器可具备隔板(bulk head)，隔板安置于容器内。隔板减小了容器中的应力。在WO 2007/106035中披露了具有非圆柱形形状和内部隔板的纤维加强式压力容器。 
所披露的容器被制成多件，并将它们放置在一起以形成最终容器形状。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种生产成单件的、具有非圆形截面的纤维加强式的容器。 
本发明涉及压力容器、用于生产所述容器的方法、以及生产设施。 
所主张保护的容器具有非圆柱形形状且在容器内具备隔板。该容器由复合物包围，该复合物包括绕容器缠绕的纤维加强件。该容器包括衬套，衬套形状与所希望的容器形状基本上相同。衬套具备至少一个凹口，凹口在衬套周围延伸、且将衬套分成借助于连接部而彼此连接的若干部段。纤维加强件包括在不同方向上绕衬套连续缠绕的纤维，以确保足够的容器强度、且凹口充满纤维从而使得凹口中的纤维构成隔板。 
本发明使得有可能生产单件式的具有非圆柱形形状和隔板的容器。该形状和大小可适应于具体应用，因为可通过向衬套提供另外的凹口来使得容器中隔板的数目容易地增加，并且这相应地调适了纤维绕组。 
容器的优选实施例被成形为如同具有圆形边缘的平行六面体，例如取决于容器的可用空间，具有正方形、三角形或矩形截面。该容器具备至少一个凹口，凹口在横向于平行六面体纵向方向的平面中绕衬套延伸。 
相对于容器的宽度而选择凹口深度，从而使得连接部可至少为大约50mm，以便提供容器内充分的连通、且确保在凹口内产生的隔板向容器提供足够的强度，所述连接部包括通道，通道在由凹口分开的容器部段之间连接着不同容器部段。 
凹口侧部从衬套的纵向轴线开始基本上在径向延伸，或者向内倾斜或向外倾斜。凹口宽度可在10mm与50mm之间，且优选地在12mm与25mm之间，以便提供具有足够强度的隔板。取决于具体应用，凹口还可具有不同尺寸。 
纤维为玻璃纤维、芳纶、碳纤维或玄武岩纤维，其绕衬套部段的每个部段在切向和轴向上缠绕直到凹口完全充满纤维。当凹口充满纤维时，缠绕继续进行并且纤维绕整个容器在轴向上缠绕以便确保足够的容器强度。 
从容器必须能够耐受的来自容器中所封闭的气体的压力、容器大小和容器形状来计算所需的纤维加强件。容器的总重量优选地保持尽可能低且超过需要的更多纤维将会增加容器重量。为了提供足够强度，纤维在衬套上在切向和轴向这两个方向上缠绕。 
绕衬套缠绕的纤维是已用热固性树脂浸渍的预浸(pre-preg)纤维、或者在将纤维施用到衬套上之前已在生产设施中经湿润的纤维，预浸纤维通常包括环氧树脂。在两种替代方案中，在已经施用纤维绕衬套进行缠绕之后，容器将会被加热到热固性树脂将会发生固化的特定温度。直到热固性树脂完全固化之后，复合物才将得到全强度(fullstrength)。 
衬套(例如)由热塑性材料制成，该热塑性材料在模具中吹制成形为所希望的形状。如果衬套由使之防漏的材料制成，那么纤维加强件仅提供足够强度用以耐受来自CNG的负荷。 
这种容器通过包括以下步骤的方法制造： 
-使得衬套旋转，该衬套具备至少一个凹口，凹口绕衬套延伸且将衬套分成由连接部连接的若干部段； 
-绕衬套的每个部段连续地缠绕纤维或一组纤维； 
-继续缠绕直到整个凹口充满纤维 
-绕整个衬套缠绕纤维直到衬套由充足的纤维包围以确保足够的容器强度； 
-使复合物固化。 
如果所用纤维不是预浸纤维，那么在它们缠绕于衬套上之前，在热固性树脂中湿润所述纤维。 
制造容器的方法的一个优选实施例包括了在步骤2与步骤3之间将要执行的以下额外步骤： 
-利用保持器件来保持纤维或纤维组靠近着介于衬套外周缘与凹口侧部之间的边缘； 
-在凹口中，当持续缠绕纤维或纤维组期间，将衬套旋转至少大约60°。 
额外步骤包括使用保持器件将纤维固定在介于衬套周缘与凹口侧部之间的边缘处的预期位置。这个额外步骤确保了纤维留在该预期位置，并且当在凹口中持续进行缠绕时并不滑移。否则由于衬套的连续旋转和纤维绕边缘发生改变的角度，则会有一或多个纤维在这个区域中滑移的很大风险。 
保持器件保持着纤维在预期位置，直到衬套已旋转至少60°。当衬套已转动到规定角度时，由于衬套旋转，没有保留住在旁侧作用 于纤维上的力，并且不再需要该保持器件，且因此取出该保持器件以供下次纤维经过介于衬套周缘与凹口侧部之间的边缘时使用。 
在方法的另一优选实施例中，步骤2包括以下步骤：首先向每个部段提供切向缠绕的纤维，之后提供轴向缠绕的纤维。 
在方法的另一优选实施例中，应用轴向缠绕，从而使得在纤维的纵向与衬套的纵向轴线之间的角度可以是在10°与60°之间以便确保足够的容器强度和低的总重量。 
在方法的另一优选实施例中，引用了在步骤4中绕衬套缠绕的纤维，从而使得在纤维纵向与衬套纵向轴线之间的角度可以是在5°与40°之间，以便确保足够的容器强度和低的总重量。 
本发明还涉及利用所主张保护的方法来生产所主张保护的容器的一种生产设施。该生产设施包括用于固定和旋转衬套的器件，以及用于在旋转衬套上施用纤维或一组纤维的器件。 
在生产设施的一个优选实施例中，用于施用纤维或纤维组的器件为工业机器人，工业机器人可沿着至少七个不同轴线移动。 
与优选生产方法结合使用的另一优选实施例还包括用于保持纤维或纤维组处于靠近着介于衬套周缘与凹口侧部之间的边缘的位置处的器件。 
在生产设施的另一优选实施例中，所述保持器件是工业机器人，其可沿着至少六个不同轴线移动。 
生产设施和在生产设施内的不同器件优选地受到计算机和计算机程序的控制。 
附图说明
在附图中披露了本发明的一个实施例，在附图中： 
图1a示出根据本发明的衬套的透视图； 
图1b示出穿过线A-A所截取的图1a中的衬套的截面； 
图2a示出具备切向缠绕的纤维的衬套的侧视图； 
图2b示出穿过图2a中的线AI-AI所截取的截面； 
图3a示出具备有绕着衬套的一个部段在轴向上缠绕的纤维的图1a的衬套的透视图； 
图3b示出图3a的衬套的侧视图，其中示出了轴向缠绕角； 
图3c示出了穿过图3b中的线B-B所截取的衬套截面； 
图4示出了整个容器的总轴向缠绕的侧视图。 
具体实施方式
在图1a和图1b中披露了用于根据本发明的容器中的一种衬套10的一个实施例。衬套10为具有基本上正方形截面的平行六面体。衬套10具备靠近衬套10的纵向中心设置的凹口11。凹口11在径向上延伸到衬套10内，但由凹口11分开的两个部段13和14通过在衬套10中心的连接部15而连接起来。凹口11具有从衬套10的纵向轴线开始在基本上径向上延伸的两个侧部12。但侧部也可向内倾斜或向外倾斜。 
在衬套10的不同部段13与14之间的连接部15包括通道，通道将不同部段13与14的内部彼此连接。连接部15具有圆形截面，但也可具有其它截面形状，如正方形、三角形等。但截面形状不应具有凹入部段以便向绕连接部15缠绕的纤维提供支承。 
平行六面体的两端16以及在衬套10周缘与凹口10侧部12之间的边缘17为圆形。衬套10的每一端16具备转接器20，转接器20提供通往容器的通路、且用于在生产期间固定并旋转衬套10。 
在容器生产期间，衬套10布置于生产设施中，其中，衬套10旋转，且纤维或纤维组绕衬套缠绕。首先，提供绕部段13和14中每一个在切向缠绕的纤维。在图2a和图2b中示出了切向缠绕的纤维。 
其次，纤维绕部段13和14中的每一个部段在轴向缠绕。纤维或纤维组相对于衬套的纵向而绕该部段在预定方向上发生缠绕。取决于所需容器强度和容器的特定应用，介于纤维纵向与衬套10纵向之间的角度α在大约10°与60°之间。 
当纤维或纤维组到达介于衬套10周缘与凹口10侧部12之间的边缘17时，基本上在径向上沿着凹口侧部12朝向凹口11底部而继续进行缠绕。衬套10继续旋转，且纤维在容器部段13与14之间绕通道15的部段发生缠绕，之后其绕边缘17沿着侧部12向外继续、且然后在轴向沿着相同部段的周缘朝向衬套端部16继续，其中，其绕圆形端部16沿着最短线(geodetic line)继续且开始绕该部段的下一缠绕环路。每个部段13和14单独地缠绕且继续缠绕直到整个凹口 11完全充满纤维或者绕该部段在轴向缠绕中实现了足够的强度。 
纤维绕圆形边缘17缠绕且沿着凹口侧12朝向介于容器部段13与14之间的连接部15继续。但衬套持续旋转，且存在着纤维沿着边缘17远离纤维的预期正确位置滑移的相当大的风险。生产所述容器的生产设施包括：用于衬套的紧固和旋转器件、以及控制着缠绕期间纤维定位的装置。这优选地由工业机器人来进行，工业机器人至少可沿着七个轴线移动。为了防止纤维沿着边缘17从预期正确位置滑移，可使用保持装置。保持装置具有基本上平直的保持边缘，其用于朝向衬套压制纤维、纤维组并防止纤维或纤维组滑移。当纤维已经经过了连接部15之后就不再需要保持装置，因为一旦纤维已缠绕经过连接部15，则在边缘17处并无另外的侧向力作用于纤维上，且因此移除该保持装置以准备当纤维在下一缠绕环路中经过边缘17时保持该纤维。在保持装置作用于纤维或纤维组上的情况下，衬套至少旋转大约150°。 
当纤维来自连接部15经过边缘17时不需要保持装置，因为该纤维然后沿着最短线缠绕、且不存在纤维或纤维组滑移的风险。 
保持装置优选地受到工业机器人控制，工业机器人至少可沿着七个轴线移动。 
若需要，在绕部段13和14中每个部段执行的必需的轴向缠绕达到所希望强度之后，使用切向缠绕来填充凹口11。一旦凹口11完全充满纤维，利用绕容器一直延伸的纤维来在轴向上缠绕该容器。 
纤维为利用热固性树脂浸渍的预浸纤维，或者在它们绕衬套/容器缠绕之前在热固性树脂中得以被湿润。当所有纤维缠绕到衬套上时，热固性树脂固化且复合物到达其全强度。放置于凹口11中的纤维在它们已固化之后将会在容器中提供隔板。该隔板显著地增加容器强度，且必需在具有非圆柱形形状的容器中提供足够的容器强度。通过升高温度到热固性树脂的特定温度来开始固化。 
根据本发明的容器可成形为许多不同形状和大小，因为较大容器可由额外的凹口分成另外的部段。而且，容器的预先截面(precross-section)可具有许多不同形状，例如，矩形或三角形，只要该周缘并不具有凹入部段，因为凹入表面将会使得缠绕较为复杂。 
衬套用作缠绕过程的心轴，并且如果衬套的强度足以耐受来自纤 维的负荷，在空气可被泵送到衬套内从而使得来自空气压力使衬套更有抵抗力。 
本发明并不限于所描述的实施例，因为这些实施例仅用作属于所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围内的实例。 

Claims (17)

1.用于经压缩的气态燃料的容器，所述容器具有非圆柱形形状且在所述容器内具备隔板，所述容器由复合物包围，所述复合物包括绕所述容器缠绕的纤维加强件，其特征在于，所述容器包括衬套，所述衬套的形状与所希望的容器形状基本上相同，所述衬套具备至少一个凹口，凹口绕所述衬套延伸且将所述衬套分成由连接部彼此连接的部段，所述纤维加强件在不同方向上绕所述衬套连续缠绕以确保足够的容器强度且所述凹口充满纤维从而使得所述凹口中的所述纤维构成所述隔板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的容器，其中所述容器被成形为具有圆形边缘的平行六面体，且所述至少一个凹口在垂直于所述平行六面体纵向的平面中绕所述衬套延伸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的容器，其中相对于容器宽度来选择凹口深度，从而使得由所述凹口分开的所述容器部段之间的连接部为至少5cm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的容器，其中所述凹口的侧部从所述衬套的纵向轴线开始在基本上径向上延伸、或者向内倾斜或向外倾斜，且所述凹口宽度在10mm与50mm之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的容器，所述凹口宽度在12mm与25mm之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的容器，其中所述纤维是玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、碳纤维或玄武岩纤维，其绕所述衬套部段中的每个部段在切向和轴向缠绕直到所述凹口完全充满纤维，之后纤维绕整个容器在轴向上缠绕。
7.根据权利要求1所述的容器，其中所述纤维是预浸纤维、或者在它们缠绕于所述衬套上之前在热固性树脂中被湿润，热固性树脂通常包括环氧树脂。
8.制造根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的具有非圆柱形形状的纤维加强复合物容器的方法，其包括以下步骤：
a)使得衬套旋转，衬套具有至少一个凹口，凹口绕所述衬套延伸且将所述衬套分成由连接部加以连接的部段，
b)绕所述衬套的每个部段连续地缠绕纤维或一组纤维，
c)继续缠绕直到整个凹口充满纤维，
d)绕整个衬套缠绕纤维直到所述衬套由足够的纤维包围以确保有足够的容器强度，
e)使所述复合物固化。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述纤维在它们缠绕于所述衬套上之前在热固性树脂中湿润。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其包括将要在步骤b与c之间执行的额外步骤：
f)利用保持器件来保持纤维或纤维组靠近着介于所述衬套的外周缘与所述凹口的侧部之间的边缘，
g)在所述纤维或纤维组在所述凹口中持续缠绕期间旋转所述衬套至少60°。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中步骤b)包括首先向每个部段提供切向缠绕的纤维，之后提供轴向缠绕的纤维。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中进行所述轴向缠绕从而使得介于所述纤维的纵向与所述衬套的纵向轴线之间的角度在10°与60°之间。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中施加步骤d)中的绕所述衬套缠绕的所述纤维，从而使得介于所述纤维的纵向与所述衬套的纵向轴线之间的角度在5°与40°之间。
14.用于生产权利要求1至7中任一项所述的容器的生产设施，其包括用于固定和旋转衬套的器件，用于在所述旋转衬套上施用纤维或一组纤维的器件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的生产设施，其中用于施用纤维或纤维组的器件是工业机器人，所述工业机器人至少可沿着七个轴线移动。
16.根据权利要求15所述的生产设施，其用于根据权利要求10所限定的方法来生产容器，所述生产设施还包括用于保持所述纤维或纤维组位于靠近着所述衬套的周缘与所述凹口的侧部之间的边缘的位置处的器件。
17.根据权利要求16所述的生产设施，其中所述保持所述纤维的器件是工业机器人，所述工业机器人至少可沿着六个轴线移动。
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KR20100090732A (ko) 2010-08-17
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ZA201002681B (en) 2011-07-27
MY151719A (en) 2014-06-30
JP2011504567A (ja) 2011-02-10
BRPI0722191A2 (pt) 2014-04-08
AR069134A1 (es) 2009-12-30
US20100230417A1 (en) 2010-09-16
CN101889165A (zh) 2010-11-17
TW200934976A (en) 2009-08-16
EP2212611A1 (en) 2010-08-04

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