CN101886445B - Composite self-heat-insulation wall building block - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite self-insulation wall building block, and belongs to the field of novel wall materials. It comprises block body (1) and insulation material, its characterized in that: the building block body (1) is provided with at least one heat preservation cavity (2) which is communicated along the length direction of the building block and at least one heat preservation separation cavity (3) which is communicated along the length direction of the building block, the heat preservation cavity (2) and the heat preservation separation cavity (3) are arranged along the width direction of the building block, the cavities are respectively filled with the heat preservation materials, the two ends of the top of the building block body (1) are respectively provided with a rabbet (6) along the length direction of the building block, the two ends of the bottom of the building block body are respectively provided with a supporting vertical rib bottom (14), and a heat resisting band is arranged on. The invention has reasonable structural design, when the wall body is built, the building blocks between the upper layer and the lower layer can be naturally aligned, the interlayer joints have no rainwater penetration, the horizontal joints and the vertical joints have no through heat bridge, the building construction is convenient, and the building block wall body does not need to be subjected to auxiliary heat preservation treatment.

Description

Composite self-insulating wall blocks

technical field

The invention relates to the field of novel wall materials, in particular to a composite self-insulating wall block used for building thermal insulation walls.

Background technique

With the deepening of my country's wall material innovation and building energy-saving work, the new wall reform goals and building energy-saving design standards have also increased, from the original 30% energy saving to 50% energy saving, and then to the current energy saving of 65%. As a result, the energy saving is 75%, and ordinary concrete hollow blocks and thermal insulation blocks can no longer meet the design requirements of this energy saving standard. It is necessary to carry out auxiliary thermal insulation treatment on the block wall. Commonly used external thermal insulation systems include paste-type polystyrene board thin plaster external thermal insulation system, EPS board or EPS steel wire grid board cast-in-place concrete external wall external thermal insulation system, etc. However, in recent years, problems such as hollowing, cracking, shedding quality and safety hazards in construction projects brought about by external wall insulation technology, and system replacement and maintenance after 25 years of normal life have become a major problem that needs to be solved urgently. Building energy-saving and structural integration technology has become a new development direction of building energy-saving, which undoubtedly brings good development opportunities to the masonry self-insulation structural system, which belongs to the structural self-insulation technology. And the insulation wall block commonly used at present mainly has the following problems: the one, when the block wall is built by laying bricks or stones, will smear mortar on the top surface of each block, side surface, consume a large amount of masonry mortar materials, have increased construction cost , and the upper and lower blocks are not easy to align during masonry, which reduces the construction efficiency. Cause wall cracking, leakage and other problems; Third, the vertical joints of the block wall are prone to thermal bridges, causing heat loss in the wall.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained building with no auxiliary thermal insulation treatment for the block wall, natural alignment of blocks between the upper and lower floors, no rainwater penetration in the joints between the layers, and no thermal bridges in the horizontal and vertical joints. Insulated wall blocks.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a composite self-insulating wall block, which is composed of a block body and a heat-insulating material, and the block body has at least one heat-preservation hole that runs through the length direction of the block and at least one A thermal insulation and barrier cavity penetrates along the length direction of the block. The thermal insulation cavity and the thermal insulation barrier cavity are arranged along the width direction of the block. The cavity is filled with the above-mentioned thermal insulation material respectively. For the tongue and groove along its length direction, the two ends of the bottom are respectively provided with the bottom of the supporting vertical ribs, and the heat-resisting belt is provided on the vertical joint surface.

When using the present invention to build a wall, the bottoms of the two supporting vertical ribs of the upper block fall on the two grooves of the lower block, and the width is suitable, so the natural alignment of the upper block and the lower block can be realized without moving the block, which speeds up the process of building blocks. At the same time, the bottom of the two supporting vertical ribs of the upper block and the two grooves of the lower block form a bite, so that rainwater cannot penetrate into the inside of the wall from the horizontal joint. The heat-resisting belt provided at the vertical joint surface can effectively block the thermal bridge formed by the vertical joint and reduce the heat loss of the vertical joint. At the same time, the thermal insulation material filled in the block body improves the thermal insulation performance of the hollow block, which can meet the requirements of the current building energy-saving design standards by itself, without the need for auxiliary thermal insulation treatment.

The block body described in the present invention can be a concrete hollow block or a sintered hollow block as a skeleton.

The number of heat preservation holes described in the present invention can be one or more. When there are at least two heat preservation holes, the heat insulation barrier holes can be arranged between the heat preservation holes, that is, the heat preservation holes The cavity is located on both sides of the thermal insulation barrier cavity.

When the thermal insulation cavity is arranged between the thermal insulation cavity, the thermal insulation cavity is surrounded by the top reinforced horizontal rib, the bottom reinforced horizontal rib, the supporting vertical rib and the separating vertical rib or is surrounded by the top reinforced horizontal rib and the bottom reinforced horizontal rib. It is surrounded by ribs and separating vertical ribs.

The thermal insulation cavity of the present invention can also be arranged on one side of the thermal insulation cavity.

In order to block the thermal bridge at the top and bottom of the block body, at least one of the top and bottom of the block body is provided with a groove extending along its length, and the groove can block the thermal bridge or fill the groove Insulation barrier materials are used to block thermal bridges.

In order to effectively block the thermal bridge formed by vertical joints, the heat-resisting belt described in the present invention can be a heat-resisting belt provided separately, but considering the simplicity and reliability of the structural design, the heat-insulating material filled in the heat-preservation barrier cavity of the present invention It is a thermal insulation barrier material, and the groove is also filled with thermal insulation barrier material, and the thermal insulation belt is formed by extending the thermal insulation barrier material outward along the length direction of the block.

In the present invention, when the thermal insulation cavity is arranged between the thermal insulation cavity, the height h of the groove is less than or equal to the height H of the bottom of the supporting vertical rib, and the width b of the groove is greater than or equal to the width of the bottom of the supporting vertical rib B; when the thermal insulation cavity is set on one side of the thermal insulation cavity, the height h of the groove is less than or equal to the height H of the bottom of the supporting vertical rib, and the width _b1 of the groove close to the thermal insulation cavity is greater than or equal to the support The width B of the bottom of the vertical rib and the width _b2 of the tongue and groove close to the thermal insulation barrier cavity are equal to the sum of the width B of the bottom of the supporting vertical rib and the width b' of the thermal insulation barrier cavity. The size design of the tongue and groove and the bottom of the supporting vertical rib can make the air cavity through the length direction be formed according to the need when the block wall is built, which can effectively block the thermal bridge formed by the horizontal joint and reduce the heat loss of the horizontal joint.

The thermal insulation material and thermal insulation barrier material in the present invention can be molded polystyrene foamed plastics or extruded polystyrene foamed plastics or foamed polyurethane or foamed concrete or aerated concrete or lightweight aggregate concrete or rock wool or polystyrene particles Mortar or expanded perlite mortar or expanded vermiculite mortar or vitrified bead mortar, wherein the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation cavity is preferably foam concrete, and the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation cavity is preferably molded polystyrene foam.

The block body in the present invention is an ordinary concrete hollow block or a sintered hollow block, which is light in weight and high in strength, and the light heat insulating material filled inside the thermal insulation cavity and thermal insulation barrier cavity improves the thermal insulation of the hollow block Performance, by itself can meet the requirements of the current building energy-saving design standards, no need for auxiliary insulation treatment, the heat-resistant belt at the vertical mortar joint can effectively block the thermal bridge at the vertical mortar joint, reducing the heat loss of the thermal bridge at the joint joint .

Because the width of the rebate of the composite self-insulating wall block is greater than or equal to the width of the bottom of the supporting vertical rib, when the block wall is built, the bottom of the two supporting vertical ribs of the upper block just falls on the two rebates of the lower block. Compatible, without moving the blocks, the natural alignment of the upper and lower blocks can be realized, which speeds up the construction speed of the block wall. It penetrates into the inner side of the wall from the horizontal joints, and at the same time, the air cavity formed at the horizontal joints can effectively block the thermal bridge formed at the horizontal joints, reducing the loss of heat transfer heat at the horizontal joints.

The structure design of the invention is reasonable, and all the technical solutions of the invention can be realized within the size range specified by the relevant standards. The engineering practice application can meet the requirements of the masonry structure design specification, and the masonry construction is convenient. Building energy efficiency design standard requirements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the structural form block that the thermal insulation barrier cavity is arranged in the middle of the thermal insulation cavity in embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the top view of block in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is A-A to sectional view among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the block body in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal insulation barrier material filled in the thermal insulation barrier cavity in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat-preservation barrier cavity arranged between the heat-preservation cavity but not the middle structure type block in embodiment 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the block body in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of blocks with thermal insulation barrier cavities arranged between the thermal insulation cavities and more than two separate vertical ribs in Example 1;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the block body in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the wall structure of Fig. 1 structure type;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the structural type block in which the thermal insulation barrier cavity is arranged on one side of the thermal insulation cavity in Example 2;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the block body in Fig. 11;

Figure 13 is a top view of the block in Figure 11;

Fig. 14 is a B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thermal insulation barrier cavity arranged on one side of the thermal insulation cavity and more than one vertical rib structure block in embodiment 2;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the block body in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wall made of blocks in Fig. 11 .

In the figure: 1. block body; 2. thermal insulation cavity; 3. thermal insulation barrier cavity; 4. thermal insulation material; 5. thermal insulation barrier material; 6. tongue and groove; 7. upper groove; 8. lower groove; 9. Air cavity; 10. Top reinforced transverse rib; 11. Bottom reinforced transverse rib; 12. Supporting vertical rib; 13. Separate vertical rib; 14. Supporting vertical rib bottom; 15. Heat resistance belt.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and non-limiting embodiment:

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 5 and 10, a composite self-insulating wall block includes a block body 1, the block body 1 is a concrete hollow block or a sintered hollow block, and the block body 1 has two A thermal insulation cavity 2 penetrating along the length direction of the block and a thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 penetrating along the length direction of the block, the thermal insulation cavity 2 and the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 are arranged along the width direction of the block and isolated from each other, the thermal insulation barrier hole Cavity 3 is located in the middle of the two thermal insulation cavities 2, that is, the thermal insulation cavity 2 is surrounded by top reinforcing transverse ribs 10, bottom reinforcing transverse ribs 11, supporting vertical ribs 12 and separating vertical ribs 13. Filled with thermal insulation material 4, the cavity of the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 is filled with thermal insulation barrier material 5, the thermal insulation barrier material 5 extends outward along the length direction of the block, the top reinforced transverse rib 10 of the block body 1 and the bottom reinforced transverse rib The ribs 11 are respectively provided with upper grooves 7 and lower grooves 8, the upper grooves 7 and the lower grooves 8 are set corresponding to the insulation barrier holes 3, and the two ends of the top of the block body 1 are respectively provided with grooves along its length direction. 6. Both ends of the bottom are provided with supporting vertical rib bottoms 14 respectively. The height h of the groove 6 is less than or equal to the height H of the bottom 14 of the supporting vertical rib, and the width b of the groove 6 is greater than or equal to the width B of the bottom 14 of the supporting vertical rib.

When utilizing the blocks of the present invention to build a body of wall, the bottoms 14 of the two supporting vertical ribs of the upper block fall on the two grooves of the lower block, and an engagement is formed between the two grooves of the upper and lower blocks. The groove 8 is filled with thermal insulation barrier material 5, which extends outward along the length direction of the block body and forms a thermal insulation zone 15 on the vertical joint surface with the thermal insulation barrier material 5 in the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3. In this embodiment, an air cavity 9 that runs through the length direction of the block is formed at the horizontal joint surfaces on both sides of the block. The air cavity 9 can effectively block the thermal bridge formed at the horizontal joint and reduce the heat transfer at the horizontal joint. loss.

The thermal insulation material 4 and thermal insulation material 5 in the present invention can adopt molded polystyrene foamed plastics or extruded polystyrene foamed plastics or foamed polyurethane or foamed concrete or aerated concrete or lightweight aggregate concrete or rock wool or Polystyrene particle mortar or expanded perlite mortar or expanded vermiculite mortar or vitrified bead mortar, wherein the thermal insulation material 4 is preferably foam concrete, and the thermal insulation material 5 is preferably molded polystyrene foam.

This embodiment is only used as an illustration of the present invention and not as a limitation. The thermal insulation and barrier cavity 3 in this embodiment can also be arranged in a non-central position, as shown in Figures 6-7. There can also be multiple heat-preservation holes 2 in this embodiment, as shown in accompanying drawings 8-9, the heat-preservation holes on each side are divided into a plurality of heat-preservation holes by setting the partition vertical ribs 13 in the heat preservation holes 2 Cavity 2, the heat preservation hole 2 is surrounded by the top reinforcing transverse rib 10, the bottom reinforcing transverse rib 11, the supporting vertical rib 12 and the separating vertical rib 13 or is surrounded by the top reinforcing transverse rib 10, the bottom reinforcing transverse rib 11 and the separating vertical rib 13 become. Multiple vertical ribs 13 can be provided. The block body 1 can adjust the strength of the composite self-insulation wall block by changing the thickness of the supporting vertical ribs 12, the separation vertical ribs 13 and the number of separation vertical ribs 13, and prepare the composite self-insulation of non-load-bearing or load-bearing structures. Wall blocks. The top and bottom of the block body 1 in this embodiment may not be provided with grooves, but the thermal insulation effect of the blocks without grooves is inferior to that of the blocks with grooves. In this embodiment, the upper groove 7 and the lower groove 8 set on the block body 1 are not limited to the above-mentioned setting positions. Considering the structural design and heat insulation effect, the upper groove 7 and the lower groove 8 are the best It is set correspondingly to the insulation barrier cavity 3 .

The other parts of this embodiment adopt the existing technology, which will not be repeated here.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 11 to 14 and 17, a composite self-insulating wall block includes a block body 1, the block body 1 is a concrete hollow block or a sintered hollow block, and the block body 1 has a A thermal insulation cavity 2 penetrating along the length direction of the block and a thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 penetrating along the length direction of the block, the thermal insulation cavity 2 and the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 are arranged along the width direction of the block and isolated from each other, and the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 is located on the side of the block, the cavity of the thermal insulation cavity 2 is filled with thermal insulation material 4, and the cavity of the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3 is filled with thermal insulation barrier material 5, and the thermal insulation barrier material 5 extends outward along the length direction of the block Extending, the bottom reinforcing transverse rib 11 of the block body 1 is provided with a lower groove 8, which is correspondingly arranged under the insulation barrier cavity 3, and the two ends of the top of the block body 1 are respectively provided with grooves along its length direction. 6. Both ends of the bottom are provided with supporting vertical rib bottoms 14 respectively. The height h of the groove 6 is less than or equal to the height H of the bottom 14 of the supporting vertical rib, and the width _b1 of the groove 6 close to the thermal insulation cavity 2 is greater than or equal to the width B of the bottom 14 of the supporting vertical rib, which is close to the thermal insulation barrier cavity The width _b2 of the tongue and groove 6 of 3 is equal to the sum of the width B of the bottom 14 of the supporting vertical rib and the width b' of the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3.

When the block of the present invention is used to build a wall, the lower groove 8 is filled with thermal insulation barrier material 5, and the thermal insulation barrier material 5 extends outward along the length direction of the block body to be in contact with the thermal insulation barrier material 5 in the thermal insulation barrier cavity 3. The heat-resisting zone 15 is formed on the vertical joint surface, and in this embodiment, the air cavity 9 penetrating the length direction of the block is only formed at the horizontal joint surface on one side of the block.

The thermal insulation material 4 and thermal insulation material 5 in the present invention can adopt molded polystyrene foamed plastics or extruded polystyrene foamed plastics or foamed polyurethane or foamed concrete or aerated concrete or lightweight aggregate concrete or rock wool or Polystyrene particle mortar or expanded perlite mortar or expanded vermiculite mortar or vitrified bead mortar, wherein the thermal insulation material 4 is preferably foam concrete, and the thermal insulation material 5 is preferably molded polystyrene foam.

In this embodiment, there may be multiple thermal insulation cavities 2, as shown in Figures 15-16, the thermal insulation cavity 2 is divided into a plurality of thermal insulation cavities 2 by setting partition vertical ribs 13. Multiple vertical ribs 13 can be provided according to design requirements. The block body 1 can adjust the strength of the composite self-insulation wall block by changing the thickness of the supporting vertical ribs 12, the separation vertical ribs 13 and the number of separation vertical ribs 13, and prepare the composite self-insulation of non-load-bearing or load-bearing structures. Wall blocks.

Other parts of this embodiment are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing disclosure, but various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. Composite self-insulating wall block, which is composed of block body (1) and thermal insulation material, characterized in that: the block body (1) has at least one thermal insulation cavity (2) penetrating along the length direction of the block and at least one thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) penetrating along the length direction of the block, the thermal insulation cavity (2) and the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) are arranged along the width direction of the block, and the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) It is arranged on one side of the thermal insulation cavity (2), the thermal insulation cavity (2) and the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) are respectively filled with the thermal insulation material, and the two ends of the top of the block body (1) are respectively provided with The groove (6) along its length direction is provided with supporting vertical rib bottoms (14) at both ends of the bottom respectively, and heat-resisting belts are provided on the vertical joint surface, and the height h of the groove (6) is less than or It is equal to the height H of the bottom (14) of the supporting vertical rib, and the width _b1 of the groove (6) close to the thermal insulation hole (2) is greater than or equal to the width B of the bottom (14) of the supporting vertical rib, and is close to the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3 ) width b ₂ of the tongue and groove (6) is equal to the sum of the width B of the bottom (14) of the supporting vertical rib and the width b' of the insulation barrier cavity (3). 2. The composite self-insulating wall block according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one of the top and bottom of the block body (1) is provided with a groove extending along its length. 3. The composite self-insulating wall block according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) is a thermal insulation barrier material (5), and the groove is also It is filled with thermal insulation material (5), and the thermal insulation belt is formed by extending the thermal insulation material (5) outward along the length direction of the block. 4. The composite self-insulating wall block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the block body (1) is a concrete hollow block or a sintered hollow block. 5. The composite self-insulating wall block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the thermal insulation material filled in the thermal insulation cavity (2) is foam concrete, and the thermal insulation barrier cavity (3) The insulation material of the inner padding is molded polystyrene foam.

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