CN101885063B - Laser cladding forming equipment and laser cladding forming method for metal part - Google Patents

Abstract

Laser cladding forming equipment and a laser cladding forming method for metal parts, the equipment comprises a three-dimensional moving workbench, a laser device, a wire feeding device and a control system; the wire feeding device comprises a pinch roller pair, and the driving wheel of the pinch roller pair is connected to a stepper motor; the control system comprises a multi-axis motion control card, and the multi-axis motion control card is respectively connected to the stepper motor, the workbench drive motor and the laser device; the method comprises the steps of modeling, instruction conversion, thin film forming and deposition forming; the metal wire is melted by laser to form molten droplets, which are accumulated and cooled on the workbench and form thin films as the workbench moves, and each thin film is deposited layer by layer in turn to form a three-dimensional metal part; the manufacturing cost is low, the forming efficiency is high, the part structure strength and surface quality are high, and the application range is wide.

Description

Laser cladding molding equipment and a laser cladding molding method for metal parts

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of forming and processing of metal parts, in particular to laser cladding forming equipment and a laser cladding forming method of metal parts.

Background technique

Traditional metal parts forming methods include CNC machine tool cutting, casting, injection molding and so on. CNC machine tools are commonly used processing and manufacturing equipment. However, it is difficult for CNC machine tools to manufacture parts with complex surfaces or structures, such as thin-walled structures, closed inner cavity structures, and parallel cooling structures; it is also difficult to process parts of certain materials, such as titanium alloys and high-hardness materials.

Rapid prototyping is a new manufacturing method that can solve the problems existing in traditional manufacturing methods. Currently, the most important rapid prototyping materials are: resin, powder, paper, wax, plastic material and even rubber, and they can only be used for concept models and visual prototypes. The processed parts have problems in forming accuracy and efficiency. In addition, some processes are limited by material properties and are not suitable for direct manufacturing of rapid molds. Metal parts have good surface quality, high shape and dimensional accuracy, and high structural strength, so they cannot be directly formed by traditional rapid prototyping methods, so they cannot meet the requirements of the manufacturing industry—especially in the field of rapid tooling manufacturing—for parts Due to the higher requirements of mechanical properties, the industry urgently needs a rapid prototyping technology that can quickly manufacture metal parts.

At present, the research on the rapid prototyping method of metal parts at home and abroad mainly includes the following aspects.

1. Stereo Lithography Apparatus (SLA) technology. SLA technology is also called photocuring rapid prototyping technology. Its principle is that the computer controls the laser beam to scan the surface of the photosensitive resin point by point, and the thin layer of resin (about a few tenths of a millimeter) in the scanned area is cured by photopolymerization. Forms a thin layer of the part. The workbench is moved down by a layer thickness, so that a new layer of liquid resin is applied on the surface of the cured resin, and the scanning process of the next layer is carried out, and so on, until the entire prototype is manufactured. Since the photopolymerization reaction is based on the action of light rather than heat, only a lower power laser source is required for work. In addition, because there is no thermal diffusion, and the chain reaction can be well controlled, it can ensure that the polymerization reaction does not occur outside the laser point, so the processing precision is high), the surface quality is good, the utilization rate of raw materials is close to 100%, and it can be manufactured Complicated and fine parts with high efficiency. For larger parts, it can be made by first block molding and then bonding. Disadvantages: (1) The forming process is accompanied by physical and chemical changes, so the parts are more likely to bend and need to be supported. (2) The cost of equipment operation and maintenance is relatively high. (3) There are fewer types of materials that can be used. (4) Liquid resin has odor and toxicity, and needs to be protected from light to prevent polymerization reaction from occurring in advance, so there are limitations in selection. (5) Requires secondary curing. (6) The performance of liquid resin after assimilation is not as good as that of commonly used industrial plastics. It is generally brittle and easy to break. If it is not used for machining, the shrinkage of the resin will lead to a decrease in precision, and the light-cured resin has certain toxicity. This method is mainly used for forming the prototype of parts, and in the processing of metal parts, it is necessary to make metal parts from the prototype by lost wax casting, and the molding time is longer and the processing cost is higher.

2. The technology of direct melting metal forming parts mainly includes selective laser sintering SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) technology, laser cladding forming LCF (Laser Cladding Forming) technology, laser near-shape LENS (Laser Engineering Net Shaping) technology, etc. The forming principle of SLS is: first spread a layer of powder on the worktable with a roller and heat it to slightly lower than its melting temperature, and then, under the control of the computer, the laser beam is placed on the solid part where the processing is The powder is scanned to raise the temperature of the powder to the melting point, so that the powder junctions are melted and bonded to each other, and the contours of each layer are gradually obtained. The powder in the non-sintered area is still loose and acts as a support for the workpiece and the next layer of powder. After one layer of molding is completed, the workbench is lowered to the height of a section layer, and then the next layer is laid and sintered, and the three-dimensional workpiece is finally formed in this cycle. The working principle of LCF technology is to realize the scanning and cladding of the powder by the laser beam through the numerical control of the workbench, and finally form the parts of the required shape. The research results show that: the part slicing method, the thickness of the laser cladding layer, the laser output power, the spot size, the light intensity distribution, the scanning speed, the scanning interval, the scanning mode, the powder feeding device, the powder feeding amount and the size of the powder particles and other factors are all important factors. The accuracy and strength of the molded parts have an effect. LENS technology combines SLS technology and LCF technology, and maintains the advantages of these two technologies; the metal powder used has three forms: (1) single metal; (2) metal plus low melting point metal binder; ( 3) Metal plus organic binder.

The disadvantage of the above-mentioned technology of directly melting metal forming parts is that they all adopt the powder spreading method, so no matter which form of powder is used, the metal after laser sintering has low density, porous and low strength. To improve the strength of sintered parts, post-processing must be carried out, such as impregnating resin, low-melting point metal, or hot isostatic pressing, but these post-processing will change the precision of metal parts, and the surface roughness is high, and the molding efficiency is not high. .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cladding molding equipment with high molding efficiency, compact structure, fine grains, low surface roughness and wide application range in view of the deficiencies in the prior art; A laser cladding molding method for metal parts of laser cladding molding equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a laser cladding molding equipment, including a CNC numerical control work platform, the CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a workbench capable of X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement, and a fixed There is a laser device, the laser beam output end of the laser device is facing the workbench, and it also includes a wire feeding device and a control system; the wire feeding device includes a bracket and a wire feeding nozzle, and pinch rollers are arranged in the bracket The wheel pair, the driving wheel of the pinch roller wheel pair is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor, the stepping motor is fixed on the bracket, and the wire feeding nozzle is connected to the bracket through a three-dimensional adjuster; The control system includes a motion control module provided with motion control software, the motion control module is provided with a multi-axis motion control card, and the multi-axis motion control card is respectively connected with the stepping motor and the driver for driving the X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement of the workbench. The motor is connected, and the multi-axis motion control card is also connected with the laser head rotation driving device of the laser device.

Wherein, the control system also includes a temperature sensor arranged on the CNC numerical control work platform.

Wherein, the CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a limit switch on the periphery of the workbench, and the limit switch is connected with the multi-axis motion control card.

Further, the driven wheel of the pinch roller pair is pivotally connected to a driven wheel adjuster; the driven wheel adjuster includes an adjusting rod and an adjusting bolt; the adjusting rod is hinged in the bracket, and the driven wheel pivot It is connected to the free end of the adjusting rod; the adjusting bolt is screwed to the bracket, and the front end of the adjusting bolt pushes against the free end of the adjusting rod.

Further, the peripheral surface of the driving wheel of the pinch roller pair is provided with a wire clamping groove, and the peripheral surface of the driven wheel is also provided with a wire clamping groove at a position corresponding to the wire clamping groove of the driving wheel; the wire clamping groove Anti-slip lines are arranged in the groove wall.

Wherein, the wire feeding nozzle is hinged at the front end of the three-dimensional adjuster.

Wherein, the wire feed nozzle is provided with a shielding gas nozzle for delivering the shielding gas required by the laser cladding process.

As a technical solution for realizing another object of the present invention, a laser cladding molding method for metal parts includes the following steps: a. Modeling, using CAD software or reverse technology to generate a CAD three-dimensional model of the part, and using the forming control software to convert the The CAD three-dimensional model is cut into a series of parallel slices at a certain interval to obtain the contour data of each layer of slices; b. command conversion, design the motion track of the workbench according to the profile data of each layer of slices, and convert the motion track into multi-axis motion control card control instructions, and output the control instructions to the multi-axis motion control card; c, sheet forming, the multi-axis motion control card controls the workbench to move in the X direction and the Y direction, and simultaneously controls the wire feeding device to The metal wire is sent to the position above the workbench facing the laser beam output end of the laser excitation device. The laser device generates a laser beam and melts the front end of the metal wire to form molten droplets and drop on the workbench. The molten droplets accumulate and cool on the workbench. , and form flakes with the movement of the workbench; d, deposition molding, after the formation of the flakes is completed, the multi-axis motion control card controls the workbench to move in the Z direction, and moves downwards by the distance described in step a, and then proceeds to step c The forming of the next sheet, and the forming of each layer of sheets in turn, the accumulation of molten droplets and cooling deposition molding to make metal parts.

Wherein, the metal wire adopts a metal wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm.

Wherein, in the step c, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device is 10-40 mm/s, the moving speed of the X-direction and Y-direction movement of the worktable is 5-30 mm/s, and the laser device generates a laser beam The power is 0.8 ~ 1.2kw.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: metal wires are melted by laser to form molten droplets, which accumulate and cool on the workbench, and form flakes with the movement of the workbench, and each flake is deposited layer by layer to form three-dimensional metal parts; the invention manufactures The process does not require the use of casting models or forging molds and other special processing equipment, which significantly reduces the manufacturing cost; simplifies the process flow and high molding efficiency; because the parts are formed by the accumulation and deposition of metal droplets, the prepared parts are dense and crystal-clear. The particle size is small, the surface roughness is low, and the structural strength and surface quality of the parts are high; the invention can conveniently and quickly manufacture complex metal parts that are difficult or even impossible to manufacture by traditional methods, and are suitable for metals with high work hardening rates that are difficult to process by traditional methods, difficult The forming of materials such as molten metals and intermetallic compounds has a wide range of applications.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described by using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure diagram of a kind of laser cladding molding equipment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the partial structure diagram of laser device and wire feeding device of a kind of laser cladding forming equipment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a wire feeding device of a laser cladding molding equipment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of another angle of view of the wire feeding device of a kind of laser cladding molding equipment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 5 is a step flow chart of a laser cladding molding method for metal parts of the present invention.

Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 include:

1——Working table 2——Laser device 21——Laser head

22——laser beam output terminal 3——wire feeding device 313——wire reel

314——conduit 315——shielding gas nozzle 32——bracket

331——driving wheel 332——driven wheel 35——three-dimensional regulator

35a——X-axis adjuster 35b——Z-axis adjuster 35c——Y-axis adjuster

36——Wire feeder 371——Adjusting rod 372——Adjusting bolt

38——stepper motor 4——control system 41——multi-axis motion control card

5 - wire.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a laser cladding molding equipment includes a CNC numerical control work platform, and the CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a workbench capable of X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement 1. A laser device 2 is fixed above the workbench 1, and the laser beam output end 22 of the laser device 2 faces the workbench 1, and it also includes a wire feeding device 3 and a control system 4; the wire feeding The device 3 includes a bracket 32 and a wire feeding nozzle 36, the bracket 32 is provided with a pair of pinch rollers, the driving wheel 331 of the pair of pinch rollers is connected to the output shaft of a stepper motor 38, and the stepper motor 38 is fixed on the support 32, and the wire feeding nozzle 36 is connected to the support 32 through a three-dimensional adjuster 35; the control system 4 includes a motion control module provided with motion control software, and the motion control module is set Multi-axis motion control card 41, the multi-axis motion control card 41 is respectively connected with the stepper motor 38 and the driving motor driving the three-dimensional motion of the workbench 1X-Y-Z, and the multi-axis motion control card 41 is also connected with the laser The laser head 21 of the device is connected to the rotary driving device.

As shown in Figure 5, a metal part laser cladding molding method using the laser cladding molding equipment of the present invention includes the following steps: a, modeling, using CAD software or reverse technology to generate a CAD three-dimensional model of the part , using the forming control software to cut the CAD three-dimensional model into a series of parallel slices at a certain interval to obtain the profile data of each layer of slices; b, command conversion, design the motion track of workbench 1 according to the profile data of each layer of slices, The motion trajectory is converted into a control command of the multi-axis motion control card 41, and the control command is output to the multi-axis motion control card 41; c, sheet forming, the multi-axis motion control card 41 controls the workbench 1 to do X and Y direction movement, while controlling the wire feeding device 3 to send the metal wire 5 to the position above the workbench 1 facing the laser beam output end 22 of the laser excitation device, the laser device 2 generates a laser beam, and the front end of the hot-melt metal wire 5 forms a The molten droplets drop onto the workbench 1, and the molten droplets accumulate and cool on the workbench 1, and form thin slices with the movement of the workbench 1; d, deposition molding, after the formation of the thin slices is completed, the multi-axis motion control card 41 controls The workbench 1 moves in the Z direction, moves downward by the distance described in step a, and then forms the next sheet in step c, and completes the forming of each layer of sheet in turn, and the molten droplets accumulate, cool, deposit and form to obtain metal parts .

During the cladding molding process of metal parts, by adjusting the three-dimensional adjuster 35, the wire feeding nozzle 36 is accurately aligned with the focal point formed by the laser beam output end 22 on the workbench 1; the three-dimensional structure of the part to be prepared The control command is formed through the steps a and b; the frame of the CNC numerical control work platform is pivotally connected with a wire reel 314, and when working, the wire 5 coiled on the wire reel 314 is pulled out and sent into the support 32; the metal wire 5 passes through a pair of auxiliary wheels and pinch rollers in the support 32, and when it is straightened and tightened, it passes through the driving wheel 331 to obtain the feeding power provided by the stepper motor 38; After the wire outlet end of the bracket 32 is led out, it enters the wire feed nozzle 366, and protrudes from the front end of the wire feed nozzle 36. It is heated and melted by the laser generated by the laser device 2 to form a droplet, and then undergoes the steps c and d described in sequence. And stacked into three-dimensional parts. The wire feeding position accuracy of the wire feeding device 3 is guaranteed by the three-dimensional regulator 35 , and the wire feeding speed accuracy is guaranteed by the stepper motor 38 controlled by the multi-axis motion control card 41 .

The present invention melts the metal wire 5 by laser to form molten droplets, which accumulate and cool on the workbench 1, and form flakes with the movement of the workbench 1, and each flake is deposited layer by layer to form a three-dimensional metal part; the manufacturing process of the present invention There is no need to use casting models or forging molds and other special processing equipment, which significantly reduces manufacturing costs; simplifies the process flow and high molding efficiency; because the parts are formed by the accumulation and deposition of metal droplets, the prepared parts are dense and grainy Small, low surface roughness, high structural strength and surface quality of parts; the invention can conveniently and quickly manufacture complex metal parts that are difficult or even impossible to manufacture by traditional methods, and are suitable for metals with high work hardening rate and refractory parts that are difficult to process by traditional methods The forming of materials such as metals and intermetallic compounds has a wide range of applications.

Among them, the multi-axis motion control card 41 (Program Multiple Axises Controller, referred to as PMAC) is the first open multi-axis motion controller launched by Delta Tau in the United States in the 1990s. It provides motion control, discrete control, and housekeeping. The basic functions of CNC, such as the interaction with the host, are widely used in the control system of multi-axis motion, and its structure and working principle will not be described here.

Wherein, the three-dimensional adjuster 35 described in this embodiment is composed of an X-axis adjuster 35a, a Y-axis adjuster 35c and a Z-axis adjuster 35b; the X-axis adjuster 35a, Y-axis adjuster 35c and Z-axis adjuster The device 35b is made up of a pair of sliding pairs and an adjusting screw for controlling the relative sliding of the sliding pair; the sliding pair of the Y-axis adjuster 35c is connected with the sliding pair of the X-axis adjuster 35a and the Z-axis adjuster 35b respectively. The sliding pair is fixed; when in use, adjust the relative position of the corresponding sliding pair by turning each adjusting screw, so as to realize the adjustment of the X, Y, Z three-dimensional space position. Of course, the three-dimensional adjustment technology belongs to the mature existing technology, as long as the precise adjustment of the three-dimensional space position can be realized, the present invention can also adopt three-dimensional adjusters with other structures.

The control system 4 of the present invention also includes a temperature sensor arranged on the CNC numerical control work platform. During the processing, the molten droplet falls on the workbench 1, merges with the previous droplet on the workbench 1, and finally cools to form a solid metal part. In this process, the solidification speed of the metal from liquid to solid is very important. , If the solidification is too fast, the metallographic structure between the droplet and the droplet, or between the thin slice and the thin slice cannot be fused with each other, and the structural strength of the formed part is not strong, and it is easy to be between the molten droplet and the molten droplet, or between the thin slice and the thin slice. If the solidification speed of the droplet is too slow, the liquid metal is easy to flow and cannot be shaped during the forming process, which will affect the molding size; the solidification speed of the droplet depends on the temperature of the droplet itself and the ambient temperature, and the temperature of the droplet is determined by the laser temperature. determined, and the ambient temperature needs to be monitored and adjusted. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the collected data is transmitted to the control system 4, and then converted into a multi-axis motion control card 41 to adjust the stepper motor 38 wire feeding The parameters of the speed and the speed of movement of the table 1, which improves the working reliability of the present invention.

Wherein, the CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a limit switch on the periphery of the workbench 1 , and the limit switch is connected to the multi-axis motion control card 41 . During the working process, the movement error of the worktable 1 may be caused by the assembly error, wear, control signal error and other factors of the workbench 1, which will affect the forming accuracy of the parts, so the limit switch is set for monitoring and feedback control of the workbench 1's movement error. Certainly, the device for monitoring and feeding back the movement error of the worktable 1 may also be a grating ruler, a sensor, and the like.

As shown in Figure 3, the driven wheel of the pinch roller pair is pivotally connected to a driven wheel adjuster; the driven wheel adjuster includes an adjusting lever 371 and an adjusting bolt 372; the adjusting lever 371 is hinged on Inside the bracket 32 , the driven wheel is pivotally connected to the free end of the adjusting rod 371 ; the adjusting bolt 372 is screwed to the bracket 32 , and the front end of the adjusting bolt 372 is against the free end of the adjusting rod 371 . The adjusting bolt 372 is screwed on the bracket 32 , and the front end of the adjusting bolt 372 abuts against the free end of the adjusting rod 371 . Turn the adjustment bolt 372, and the adjustment rod 371 rotates around the hinge because its free end is pressed by the adjustment bolt 372, thereby adjusting the distance of the driven wheel pivoted thereon relative to the driving wheel 331; The degree of clamping of the metal wire 5 by the sending roller pair, and at the same time, when the pinch roller pair pinches the metal wire 5 with different cross-sectional diameters, it is also possible to adjust the driven wheel regulator to achieve metal wires of different sizes. The pinching of wire 5 further enhances the scope of application of the present invention.

Wherein, the peripheral surface of the driving wheel 331 of the pinch roller pair is provided with a wire clamping groove, and the position of the peripheral surface of the driven wheel corresponding to the wire clamping groove of the driving wheel 331 is also provided with a wire clamping groove; the wire clamping groove Anti-slip lines are arranged in the groove wall. The wire clamping groove can protect the metal wire 5 from being crushed when being pinched, and at the same time, since the metal wire 5 is in contact with the groove wall of the wire clamping groove during pinching, the contact with the pinch roller pair is increased area, thus increasing the friction of wire feeding under the same clamping force.

Wherein, the wire feeding nozzle 36 is hinged at the front end of the three-dimensional adjuster 35 . In this way, the wire feeding nozzle 36 can rotate around the front end of the three-dimensional adjuster 35 to adjust the wire feeding angle, and the above-mentioned three-dimensional adjuster 35 is mainly used to accurately control the spatial positioning of the wire feeding nozzle 36 . The wire feeder 36 in this embodiment can also be replaced with a wire feeder 36 with a different inner diameter on the three-dimensional adjuster 35 to meet the wire feeding requirements of different types of metal wires 5 .

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the wire feed nozzle 36 is provided with a shielding gas nozzle 315 for delivering the shielding gas required for the laser cladding process.

Wherein, a conduit 314 is provided between the wire inlet end of the support 32 and the wire reel 13 that is wound with the metal wire 5, and between the wire output end of the support 32 and the wire feeding nozzle 36; the function of the conduit 314 is It is to limit and change the advancing direction of the wire 5 . The material of the conduit 314 in this embodiment is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the inner diameter of the conduit 314 is 0.5-1.0 mm larger than that of the metal wire 5 .

In the laser cladding molding method of the present metal parts, the metal wire 5 adopts a metal wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm. The diameter of the metal wire 5 affects the droplet size, that is to say, it affects the accuracy of each footage of the cladding molding. If the diameter of the metal wire 5 is too small, the size of the molten droplet is small, the molding speed is slow, and the energy utilization rate of the laser device 2 is not high; In the process, the end of the metal wire 5 is not completely melted and the molten droplet has dripped, which will cause uneven molten droplet and affect the forming accuracy. Therefore, the metal wire 5 with a diameter of 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm is selected. The droplet size is moderate, which can effectively improve the forming accuracy and structural strength of parts.

In step c of the laser cladding molding method of the metal parts, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device 3 is 10-40 mm/s, and the moving speed of the X-direction and Y-direction movement of the worktable 1 is 5-30 mm/s , the power of the laser beam generated by the laser device 2 is 0.8-1.2kw. The wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device 3 and the moving speed of the worktable 1 affect each other, and the two jointly determine the forming accuracy of the part. If the wire feeding speed is too fast, the metal wire 5 cannot be completely melted, and the molten drop will partially remain on the surface of the unmelted part of the metal wire 5 before dripping, which will affect the uniformity of the molten drop; if the wire feeding speed is too slow, the The droplet supply cannot meet the needs of cladding molding, and two adjacent droplets cannot be effectively combined, thus affecting the structural strength of the part. Similarly, in the process of forming a sheet, if the moving speed of the working platform does not match the dripping speed, the moving speed is too slow, which will easily cause the accumulation of molten droplets, and if the moving speed is too fast, it will easily cause the gap between two adjacent molten droplets. Effective combination. Therefore, when the diameter of the metal wire 5 is selected, the moving speed of the X-direction and Y-direction movement of the worktable 1 is selected to be 5-30 mm/s, and the wire feeding speed is selected to be 10-40 mm/s to match it. , which ensures the uniformity of droplet generation and droplet dripping, which in turn ensures the uniformity of the cladding molding process and the molding accuracy.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for laser cladding molding of metal parts using laser cladding molding equipment, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. Modeling, using CAD software or reverse technology to generate a CAD three-dimensional model of the part, using forming control software to cut the CAD three-dimensional model into a series of parallel thin slices at a certain interval, and obtaining the contour data of each layer of thin slices; b. Instruction conversion, designing the movement trajectory of the workbench according to the contour data of each layer of slices, converting the movement trajectory into a control instruction of the multi-axis motion control card, and outputting the control instruction to the multi-axis motion control card; c. Sheet forming, the multi-axis motion control card controls the worktable to move in the X and Y directions, and at the same time controls the wire feeding device to send the metal wire to the position above the workbench facing the laser beam output end of the laser device. The laser device generates a laser beam. The front end of the hot-melt metal wire forms molten droplets and drops on the worktable. The molten droplets accumulate and cool on the worktable, and form thin sheets with the movement of the worktable; the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device is 10-40mm/s, The moving speed of the X-direction and Y-direction movement of the workbench is 5-30mm/s, the power of the laser beam generated by the laser device is 0.8-1.2kw; the metal wire adopts a metal wire with a diameter of 0.4mm-0.6mm Silk; d. Deposition molding. After the forming of the sheet is completed, the multi-axis motion control card controls the worktable to move in the Z direction, and moves downward by the distance described in step a, and then performs the forming of the next sheet in step c, and completes each step in turn. Forming of layer flakes, accumulation of molten droplets and cooling deposition forming to make metal parts; The laser cladding molding equipment includes a CNC numerical control work platform, the CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a workbench capable of X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement, a laser device is fixed above the workbench, and the laser beam output terminal of the laser device is For the workbench, it also includes a wire feeding device and a control system; The wire feeding device includes a bracket and a wire feeding nozzle, and a pair of pinch rollers is arranged in the bracket, and the driving wheel of the pair of pinch rollers is connected to the output shaft of a stepping motor, and the stepping motor is fixed On the support, the wire feed nozzle is connected to the support through a three-dimensional adjuster; The control system includes a motion control module provided with motion control software, the motion control module is provided with a multi-axis motion control card, and the multi-axis motion control card is respectively connected with the stepping motor and the driver for driving the X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement of the workbench. The motor is connected, and the multi-axis motion control card is also connected with the laser head rotation driving device of the laser device; The control system also includes a temperature sensor arranged on the CNC numerical control work platform; The CNC numerical control work platform is provided with a limit switch on the periphery of the workbench, and the limit switch is connected with the multi-axis motion control card.

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