CN101880596A - A method for low temperature preparation of oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting fat from oil plants. A method for producing oil at low temperature, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning: removing oil impurities; 2) tempering: adjusting the temperature and moisture of the oil, the temperature of the oil after conditioning is 5-65°C, and the oil is 3) Low-temperature pressing: press the conditioned oil plant, the temperature of the oil plant is -10-65°C, and the mass water content of the oil plant is 4-16%. Obtain crude oil; 4) degumming: keep the temperature of crude oil at 5-65°C, add degumming solid adsorbent, the amount of degumming solid adsorbent added is 0.1-5% of the mass of crude oil, and the degumming time is 0.1-2h; 5 ) Deacidification: Keep the temperature of the degummed crude oil at 5-65°C, add a deacidification solid adsorbent, the amount of the deacidification solid adsorbent is 0.1-2% of the mass of the degummed crude oil, and the deacidification time is 0.1 ~3h, to get oil. The invention is suitable for industrialized production.

Description

A method for low temperature preparation of oil

technical field

The invention relates to a method for extracting oil from oil plants, in particular to a method for preparing oil at low temperature, and belongs to the technical field of oil processing.

Background technique

At present, there are many methods for oil production, and the most widely used methods are pressing method and solvent extraction method. The existing main pressing processes are: cleaning, billet rolling, steaming and frying, and pre-pressing (pressing). Generally, the temperature of steaming, frying and pressing is above 100°C. The loss is large, and at the same time, the degree of protein denaturation of the cake is high, the loss of effective amino acids is large, and the color of the cake is deep. The solvent leaching method uses an organic solvent that can dissolve oil to extract the oil through the effects of wetting, penetration, and molecular diffusion. However, there is a problem of solvent residue in the leaching method, and these solvents are harmful to human health. The water substitution method is to add hot water to the pretreated oilseed raw material, and use the principle of oil-water immiscibility and high affinity between water and protein to replace the oil from the raw material with hot water; the advantages of this method are safety and environmental protection , less energy consumption, simple process, and good oil quality, but narrow applicability, generally used for sesame oil. The aqueous enzymatic method uses enzyme preparations to degrade the cell walls and lipid complexes of vegetable oilseeds, which is conducive to improving the oil yield of oils. At the same time, the treatment conditions are mild, and high-quality oils and cake proteins can be obtained at the same time. The process is simple and low energy consumption. However, the price of enzyme preparations is relatively high at present, and this process has not formed a large-scale production. Supercritical fluid extraction method is to use gas to form supercritical fluid under high pressure and low temperature to extract oil. The oil product extracted by this process is rich in active substances and has good quality, no organic solvent residue and is environmentally friendly. However, this process requires high equipment and high production cost. high. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction is the application of ultrasonic technology to solvent extraction to improve oil extraction efficiency and product quality. However, the cost of process equipment is currently high, and this technology is still in the exploratory stage. Microwave-assisted oil extraction technology is based on solvent extraction, using microwave to improve the extraction efficiency of oil, which can shorten the extraction time, reduce energy consumption, and reduce the amount of organic solvents, but the technology is not yet mature.

The oil obtained through the above process is called crude oil, and usually the crude oil needs to be refined to obtain the final product. The current oil refining process includes degumming, deacidification, decolorization, deodorization and other processes. The traditional degumming process mainly includes hydration degumming and acid degumming. Hydration degumming can only remove hydratable phospholipids, but non-hydratable phospholipids are difficult to remove. For acid degumming, the crude oil is generally heated above 70°C, and then phosphoric acid or citric acid and other solution phospholipids are added. The enzymatic degumming process can eliminate the washing process, and has the advantages of high refining rate, thorough degumming, low oil content in oil bottoms, and low production costs. However, the cost is still high and cannot be applied on a large scale. The main advantages of membrane degumming are mild operating conditions, low temperature, simple process, and reduced refining wastewater. The application limitations mainly include membrane flux, long-term stability, and membrane cleaning and reuse. Deacidification mainly includes chemical deacidification, physical deacidification and mixed oil deacidification. The characteristics of chemical deacidification are fast and efficient, and it is suitable for various low acid value oils. The process equipment is mature, but the disadvantage is that the loss of neutral oil is large, especially not suitable for high acid value crude oil. Physical deacidification is suitable for oil with high acid value, simple operation, less energy consumption, and the loss rate of oil can be reduced to 1.05-1.2%. The disadvantage is that it requires high pretreatment of crude oil and the production cost is relatively high. It is not suitable for high colloid content. At the same time, it is easy to produce trans fatty acids at high temperature. The advantages of deacidification of mixed oil are the low concentration of alkali solution used, high centrifugation efficiency, low loss of neutral oil, and good color of the product, but the process is complicated, the solvent consumption is large, and the investment in equipment is large. At present, some new oil deacidification technologies have appeared at home and abroad, such as biological deacidification, chemical re-esterification deacidification, solvent extraction deacidification, supercritical extraction deacidification, membrane separation technology deacidification, molecular distillation deacidification, etc., but these It is still in the research stage and has not been applied on a large scale.

CN1840623A discloses a method for producing oil from oil at low temperature and protein from oil. It uses low-temperature oil pressing equipment to press the oil under the condition of the input temperature of 20-70°C to obtain low-temperature pressed crude oil and low-temperature pressed cake; the crude oil is precipitated and finely filtered to obtain low-temperature pressed natural oil; low-temperature pressed cake Use pulverization equipment to directly carry out superfine pulverization processing to obtain semi-skimmed protein powder, or use ethanol and other solutions to leaching to prepare concentrated protein powder. This technology is mainly aimed at the oil with skin (shell) as raw material, the purpose is to obtain low-temperature pressed crude oil and low-temperature pressed cake, and then produce oil protein, and does not involve the refining process of low-temperature crude oil.

CN1740296A discloses a process for semi-refining and pressing soybean oil at low temperature. Using soybeans as raw materials, soybean oil is obtained through the steps of selection, crushing, separation of shell and kernel, pressing, steaming, pressing, low-temperature hydration, separation of residue oil, drying, and fine filtration. The temperature of steaming and frying is 115-125 °C, the time is 60 minutes, the temperature of hydration degumming is 50-60 °C, and the amount of water added is 4-6%. This technology is mainly aimed at soybean raw materials. It uses high-temperature steaming, frying and pressing, and the obtained crude oil phospholipids have a high content, and hydration degumming can only remove hydratable phospholipids.

CN1434849A discloses a method for refining animal and vegetable oils. The method of this technology to treat animal and vegetable oils is to use adsorbent silica, which absorbs non-triglyceride compounds and a small amount of triglyceride, and separates silica to prepare refined oil. Silica can be used as an animal feed additive. This technology is mainly aimed at the oil refining method. At room temperature, non-triglyceride compounds are removed through adsorbed silica, and no oil production process is involved.

CN101485365A discloses a method for refining oil. Use ultrafiltration membrane to degumming treatment at 25～55℃ for 10～30h, then conduct deacidification treatment at 25～55℃ for 40～70h through nanofiltration membrane, and finally deodorize at 220～250℃ and 50～200Pa to obtain refined oil . This technology is a physical refining method, in which degumming and deacidification are carried out at a lower temperature, but the treatment time is too long, and lipase solution is used to clean the membrane at the same time, and the cost is high.

From the perspective of the above-mentioned oil plants, oil production and oil refining technologies, each has certain disadvantages, and does not involve a complete low-temperature oil production and refining method.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing oil at low temperature suitable for industrial production.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a method for producing oil at low temperature, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1) Cleaning: remove oil impurities;

2) Quenching and tempering: adjust the temperature and moisture of the oil, the temperature of the oil after conditioning is 5-65°C, and the mass water content of the oil is adjusted to 4-16%;

3) Low-temperature pressing: press the conditioned oil, the temperature of the oil is -10-65°C, and the water content of the oil is 4-16%, to obtain crude oil;

4) Degumming: keep the crude oil temperature at 5-65°C, add degumming solid adsorbent, the amount of degumming solid adsorbent added is 0.1-5% of the crude oil mass, and the degumming time is 0.1-2h;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed crude oil at 5-65°C, add a deacidification solid adsorbent, the amount of the deacidification solid adsorbent is 0.1-2% of the mass of the degummed crude oil, and the deacidification time is 0.1 to 3 hours to obtain oil (natural original ecological oil).

The oil crops described in step 1) can be rapeseed, soybean, camellia seed, tea seed, peanut, flax, sesame, sunflower seed, cottonseed, walnut, perilla, grape seed, olive, rice bran, corn germ, castor or Chinese tallow tree.

Step 2) peeling (shell) or non-peeling (shell) of the oil plant after conditioning: the peeling (shell) rate of the oil plant is 60-99.5wt% [the shelling rate=(the weight of the oil plant that has been shelled/the total weight of the oil plant) × 100%].

The low temperature refers to -10-65°C.

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, ④ phosphoric acid or citric acid, and the mass percentages of each raw material are:

Bentonite: 30-60%,

Silicate: 20-50%,

Silica: 10-40%,

Phosphoric acid or citric acid: 0.1-3%.

The preparation method of described degummed solid adsorbent is: according to the mass percentage that each raw material accounts for:

Bentonite: 30-60%,

Silicate: 20-50%,

Silica: 10-40%,

Phosphoric acid or citric acid: 0.1-3%,

Select ①bentonite, ②silicate, ③silicon dioxide, ④phosphoric acid or citric acid four raw materials, set aside;

Dry bentonite, silicate, and silicon dioxide separately, and then pulverize them separately, with a particle size of 20 mesh to 200 mesh; then uniformly mix bentonite, silicate, and silicon dioxide with phosphoric acid or citric acid, that is A degummed solid adsorbent is obtained.

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentages of each raw material are: 2-35% of basic compounds and 65-98% of oil crop seed shells; The seed shells of the oil crops mentioned above are any one of camellia oleifera shell, peanut shell, sunflower seed shell, castor bean shell, and walnut shell, or any two or more of them, and any two or more of them are mixed in any ratio.

The basic compound is any one of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate, or a mixture of any two or more of them. When any two or more of them are mixed, the ratio is arbitrary.

The preparation method of described deacidification solid adsorbent:

1) Selection of raw materials: according to the mass percentage of each raw material: 2-35% of the basic compound, 65-98% of the seed shell of the oil crop, the basic compound and the seed shell of the oil crop are selected;

2) Activation: cleaning the seed shells of oil crops, then drying at 60-110°C, and then activating at 150-500°C to obtain activated products;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 20 mesh to 100 mesh;

4) Adsorption: Prepare the basic compound into an aqueous solution containing the basic compound at a concentration of 5-45 wt%, put the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing the basic compound, and stir at 20-80°C for 0.5h ~5h; Stir and filter to separate the solid;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

The drying time in the activation treatment is 1h-3h; the activation time is 1h-7h.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention uses low temperature (-10 to 65° C.) to prepare oil and fat, which is suitable for industrial production.

(2) The present invention adopts pure physical pressing to make oil, and the oil material with skin (shell) or without skin (shell) is suitable. unique flavor;

The oil press cake prepared by the invention has light color, low degree of protein denaturation and low loss of effective amino acid; at the same time, the fiber content of the pressed cake treated by peeling (shell) is reduced, and the palatability is improved.

(3) The refining (from crude oil to grease) of the present invention is to adopt solid adsorbent to carry out degumming and deacidification treatment, no solvent residue, high refining rate, no waste water discharge, low energy consumption; refined finished oil It still maintains the original ecological flavor and is rich in micronutrients.

(4) The present invention can be widely applied to different kinds of oil plants.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for oil and fat low temperature preparation, it comprises the steps:

1) cleaning: use rapeseed as raw material to clean and remove impurities;

2) conditioning: then drying the moisture of the rapeseed to 7wt%, and cooling the rapeseed to 50°C;

3) Low-temperature pressing: use a rapeseed shelling separator to peel and separate the conditioned rapeseed, measure the peeling rate to 95%, and obtain rapeseed kernels; collect the rapeseed kernels, and use a screw press to squeeze them, and the temperature for pressing is 35 DEG C, the moisture content of the rapeseed kernel that goes into the press is 8wt%; Obtain rapeseed crude oil;

4) Degumming: Centrifuge the crude rapeseed oil to remove the sediment, measure the acid value to 1.56mgKOH/g, then keep the temperature of the crude rapeseed oil at 30°C, add 0.5% of the crude rapeseed oil to the degummed solid for adsorption agent, the degumming time is 0.5h; then centrifuged to obtain degummed rapeseed oil, heat test analysis, the analysis result is no precipitate, yellow value and red value are all unchanged;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed rapeseed oil at 35° C., add a deacidification solid adsorbent with a mass of 1.2% of the degummed rapeseed oil, and deacidify for 0.5 h, then centrifuge to obtain oil (natural original ecological oil, or deacidified rapeseed oil), the measured acid value is 0.30mgKOH/g, and the yield of neutral oil is 97.6%.

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, and ④ phosphoric acid. The mass percentages of each raw material are: bentonite: 45%, silicate: 35%, Silica: 19%, phosphoric acid: 1%;

The preparation method is as follows: dry bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide respectively, and then pulverize them separately, with a coarse and fine particle size of 20 mesh to 200 mesh; then uniformly mix bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide with phosphoric acid , to obtain degummed solid adsorbent.

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentage of each raw material is: 20% of basic compound, 80% of oil crop seed shell; the oil crop The seed shell is camellia oleifera shell; the basic compound is potassium hydroxide;

Its preparation method is:

1) Raw material selection: select according to the above ratio;

2) Activation: Clean the seed husks of oil crops, and then dry them at 90°C for 2 hours; then activate them at 300°C for 4 hours to obtain activated products;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 60 mesh;

4) Adsorption: prepare the basic compound into an aqueous solution containing a basic compound at a concentration of 25 wt%, put the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing a basic compound, and stir at 50° C. for 2 hours; filter after stirring, solids are separated;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for oil and fat low temperature preparation, it comprises the steps:

1) cleaning: using soybeans as raw materials to clean and remove impurities;

2) conditioning: then dry the moisture of soybeans to 9wt%, and cool soybeans to 45°C;

3) Low-temperature pressing: direct pressing with a screw press, the pressing temperature is 45°C, and the moisture content of soybeans is 9wt%; crude soybean oil is obtained;

4) Degumming: Centrifuge the crude soybean oil to remove the sediment, measure the acid value to 2.05mgKOH/g, then keep the temperature of the crude soybean oil at 40°C, add a degumming solid adsorbent with a mass of 1.5% of the crude soybean oil, and process The time is 0.6h, followed by centrifugation to obtain degummed soybean oil, which is analyzed by heating test. The analysis result shows that there is no precipitate, and the yellow value and red value remain unchanged;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed soybean oil at 40°C, add a deacidified solid adsorbent with 2% of the mass of the degummed soybean oil, the treatment time is 0.8h, and then centrifuge to obtain oil (natural original ecological oil, or deacidified oil). sour soybean oil), the measured acid value is 0.20mgKOH/g, and the yield of neutral oil is 96.9%.

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, and ④ citric acid. The mass percentages of each raw material are: bentonite: 40%, silicate: 30% , silicon dioxide: 28%, citric acid: 2%;

The preparation method is as follows: drying bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide respectively, and then pulverizing them respectively, with a particle size of 150 meshes; then uniformly mixing bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide with citric acid, namely A degummed solid adsorbent is obtained.

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentage of each raw material is: 25% of basic compound, 75% of oil crop seed shell; the oil crop The seed shell is peanut shell; the basic compound is sodium hydroxide;

Its preparation method:

1) Raw material selection: select according to the above ratio;

2) Activation: Clean the seed shells of oil crops, then dry them at 100°C for 1 hour, and then activate them at 300°C for 5 hours to obtain activated products;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 80 mesh;

4) Adsorption: prepare the basic compound into an aqueous solution containing a basic compound with a concentration of 25 wt%, put the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing a basic compound, and stir for 3 hours at 60° C.; filter after stirring, solids are separated;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

Example 3:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for oil and fat low temperature preparation, it comprises the steps:

1) Cleaning: use camellia oleifera seed as raw material to clean and remove impurities,

2) conditioning: then drying the moisture of the camellia oleifera seed to 7.5wt%, and cooling the camellia oleifera seed to 35°C;

3) Low-temperature pressing: the camellia oleifera seed is shelled and separated by a camellia seed shelling separator, and the shelling rate is determined to be 90%; the camellia oleifera seed kernel is collected and pressed by a screw press. The temperature for pressing is 30° C., and the moisture content is 7.5wt%; Obtain tea seed crude oil;

4) Degumming: Centrifuge the crude tea seed oil to remove the sediment, measure the acid value to 1.80mgKOH/g, then keep the temperature of the crude camellia seed oil at 30°C, add 1% degummed solid of the crude camellia seed oil for adsorption agent, the treatment time is 0.3h, and then centrifuged to obtain the degummed tea seed oil, and the heating test analysis is carried out. The analysis result is that there is no precipitate, and the yellow value and red value are unchanged;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed tea seed oil at 30°C, add a deacidified solid adsorbent with a quality of 1.6% of the degummed tea seed oil, and process for 1 hour, then centrifuge to obtain oil (natural original ecological oil, or Deacidified tea seed oil), the measured acid value is 0.19mgKOH/g, and the yield of neutral oil is 97.2%.

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, and ④ phosphoric acid. The mass percentages of each raw material are: bentonite: 30%, silicate: 50%, Silica: 17%, Phosphoric Acid: 3%.

Its preparation method is as follows: dry bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide respectively, and then pulverize them separately, with a particle size of 20 meshes; then uniformly mix bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide with phosphoric acid to obtain Degummed solid sorbent.

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentage of each raw material is: basic compound 10%, oil crop seed shell 90%; the oil crop The seed shell is sunflower seed shell; the basic compound is calcium hydroxide;

Its preparation method:

1) Raw material selection: select as above;

2) Activation: cleaning the seed shells of oil crops, drying at 60°C for 1 hour, and then activating at 500°C for 1 hour to obtain the activated product;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 20 meshes;

4) Adsorption: prepare the basic compound into a 5wt% aqueous solution containing the basic compound, put the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing the basic compound, stir at 20°C for 0.5h; filter after stirring , to separate the solids;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

Example 4:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for oil and fat low temperature preparation, it comprises the steps:

1) Cleaning: use sunflower seeds as raw materials to remove oil impurities;

2) Tempering: adjust the temperature and moisture of the sunflower seeds, the temperature of the sunflower seeds after conditioning is 5°C, and the mass water content of the sunflower seeds is adjusted to 4%;

3) Low-temperature pressing: pressing the conditioned sunflower seeds, the temperature of the sunflower seeds for pressing is -10°C, and the mass water content of the sunflower seeds for pressing is 4%, to obtain crude oil;

4) Degumming: keep the temperature of the crude oil at 5°C, add a degumming solid adsorbent, the amount of the degumming solid adsorbent is 0.1% of the mass of the crude oil, and the degumming time is 0.1h;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed crude oil at 5°C, add a deacidification solid adsorbent, the amount of the deacidification solid adsorbent is 0.1% of the mass of the degummed crude oil, and the deacidification time is 0.1h, to obtain Oil (natural raw oil).

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, and ④ phosphoric acid. The mass percentages of each raw material are: bentonite: 60%, silicate: 20%, Silica: 19.9%, phosphoric acid: 0.1%.

The preparation method is as follows: drying bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide respectively, and then pulverizing them respectively, with a particle size of 200 meshes; then uniformly mixing bentonite, silicate and silicon dioxide with phosphoric acid to obtain Degummed solid sorbent.

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentage of each raw material is: 2% of basic compound, 98% of oil crop seed shell; the oil crop The seed shell is the mixture of castor bean shell and walnut shell, each of castor bean shell and walnut shell accounts for 50% of the total mass of the oil crop seed shell; the basic compound is the mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, Potassium carbonate each accounts for 50% of the total mass of alkaline compounds;

Its preparation method:

1) Raw material selection: select as above;

2) Activation: cleaning the seed shells of oil crops, drying at 60°C for 1 hour, and then activating at 150°C for 1 hour to obtain the activated product;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 20 mesh;

4) Adsorption: prepare the basic compound into a 5wt% aqueous solution containing the basic compound, put the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing the basic compound, stir at 20°C for 0.5h; filter after stirring , to separate the solids;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

Example 5:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for oil and fat low temperature preparation, it comprises the steps:

1) Cleaning: use sunflower seeds as raw materials to remove oil impurities;

2) Tempering: adjust the temperature and moisture of the sunflower seeds, the temperature of the sunflower seeds after conditioning is 65°C, and the mass water content of the sunflower seeds is adjusted to 16%;

3) Low-temperature pressing: pressing the conditioned sunflower seeds, the sunflower seeds are pressed at a temperature of 65° C., and the mass water content of the sunflower seeds to be pressed is 16%, to obtain crude oil;

4) Degumming: keep the crude oil temperature at 65°C, add a degumming solid adsorbent, the amount of the degumming solid adsorbent is 5% of the crude oil mass, and the degumming time is 2h;

5) Deacidification: keep the temperature of the degummed crude oil at 65° C., add a deacidification solid adsorbent, the amount of the deacidification solid adsorbent is 2% of the mass of the degummed crude oil, and the deacidification time is 3 hours to obtain oil (natural raw oil).

The degummed solid adsorbent is prepared from four raw materials: ① bentonite, ② silicate, ③ silicon dioxide, and ④ citric acid. The mass percentages of each raw material are: bentonite: 30%, silicate: 27% , silicon dioxide: 40%, citric acid: 3%;

Its preparation method is:

Dry bentonite, silicate, and silicon dioxide separately, and then pulverize them separately, with a particle size of 200 meshes; then uniformly mix bentonite, silicate, silicon dioxide and citric acid to obtain a degummed solid adsorbent .

The deacidification solid adsorbent is prepared from basic compounds and oil crop seed shell raw materials, and the mass percentage of each raw material is: basic compound 35%, oil crop seed shell 98%; the oil crop The seed shell is sunflower seed shell; the basic compound is sodium carbonate;

The preparation method of described deacidification solid adsorbent:

1) Raw material selection: select as above;

2) Activation: Clean the seed shells of oil crops, then dry them at 110°C for 3 hours, and then activate them at 500°C for 7 hours to obtain activated products;

3) Pulverization: pulverize the active substance to 100 mesh;

4) Adsorption: prepare the basic compound into an aqueous solution containing a basic compound with a concentration of 45 wt%, place the pulverized active substance in a container, add the aqueous solution containing a basic compound, and stir for 5 hours at 80° C.; filter after stirring, solids are separated;

5) Drying: drying the solid matter to obtain a deacidified solid adsorbent.

Each raw material enumerated in the present invention, and the upper and lower limits of each raw material of the present invention, the interval value, and the upper and lower limits of process parameters (such as temperature, time, etc.), the interval value can realize the present invention, do not enumerate one by one here Example.

Claims (8)

1. the method that oil at low temperature is produced is characterized in that it comprises the steps:

1) cleaning: remove oil plant impurity;

2) modified: regulate the temperature and the moisture of oil plant, the oil plant temperature after modified is 5～65 ℃, and the mass water content of oil plant is adjusted to 4～16%;

3) low temperature pressing: the oil plant after modified is squeezed, and the temperature of going into to press of oil plant is-10～65 ℃, and the mass water content of going into the oil expression material is 4～16%, obtains crude oil;

4) come unstuck: the crude oil temperature is remained on 5～65 ℃, add the solid adsorbent that comes unstuck, the addition of the solid adsorbent that comes unstuck is 0.1～5% of a quality of crude oil, and usually time is 0.1～2h;

5) depickling: the crude oil temperature after will coming unstuck remains on 5～65 ℃, adds the depickling solid adsorbent, and the addition of depickling solid adsorbent is 0.1～2% of the back quality of crude oil that comes unstuck, and the depickling time is 0.1～3h, obtains grease.

2. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 1 is produced is characterized in that: the described oil crops of step 1) can be Semen Brassicae campestris, soybean, tea seed, tea-seed, peanut, flax, sesame, sunflower seeds, cottonseed, walnut, purple perilla, Semen Vitis viniferae, Fructus oleae europaeae, rice bran, maize, castor-oil plant or Chinese tallow tree.

3. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 1 is produced, it is characterized in that: the described solid adsorbent that comes unstuck is by 1. wilkinite, 2. silicate, 3. silicon-dioxide, 4. four kinds of feedstock production of phosphoric acid or citric acid form, and the shared mass percent of each raw material is:

Wilkinite: 30-60%,

Silicate: 20-50%,

Silicon-dioxide: 10-40%,

Phosphoric acid or citric acid: 0.1-3%.

4. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 3 is produced is characterized in that: the preparation method of the described solid adsorbent that comes unstuck is: by the shared mass percent of each raw material be:

Wilkinite: 30-60%,

Silicate: 20-50%,

Silicon-dioxide: 10-40%,

Phosphoric acid or citric acid: 0.1-3%,

Choose 1. wilkinite, 2. silicate, 3. silicon-dioxide, 4. four kinds of raw materials of phosphoric acid or citric acid are standby;

Wilkinite, silicate, silicon-dioxide are carried out drying treatment respectively, and separated pulverizing is handled then, and the thickness granularity is 20 orders～200 orders; Then wilkinite, silicate and silicon-dioxide and phosphoric acid or citric acid are carried out uniform mixing, promptly obtain to come unstuck solid adsorbent.

5. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 1 is produced, it is characterized in that: described depickling solid adsorbent is prepared from by basic cpd and oil crops seed husk as raw material, the shared mass percent of each raw material is: basic cpd 2-35%, oil crops seed shell 65-98%; Described oil crops seed shell is any one or any mixing more than two kinds in oil tea shell, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sunflower seed shell, castor-oil plant shell, the nut-shell, and any is any proportioning when mixing more than two kinds.

6. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 5 is produced, it is characterized in that: described basic cpd is any one or any mixing more than two kinds in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, the salt of wormwood, and any is any proportioning when mixing more than two kinds.

7. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 5 is produced is characterized in that: the preparation method of described depickling solid adsorbent:

1) raw material is chosen: by the shared mass percent of each raw material be: basic cpd 2-35%, and oil crops seed shell 65-98% chooses basic cpd and oil crops seed shell;

2) activation: oil crops seed shell is cleared up, dry under 60～110 ℃ of conditions then, under 150～500 ℃ of conditions, activate again, obtain activator;

3) pulverize: activator is crushed to 20 orders～100 orders;

4) absorption: it is the aqueous solution that 5～45wt% contains basic cpd that basic cpd is mixed with concentration, and the activator after pulverizing is placed container, adds the aqueous solution that contains basic cpd, stirs 0.5h～5h down at 20～80 ℃; Stir after-filtration, isolate solids;

5) drying: solids is carried out drying, obtain the depickling solid adsorbent.

8. the method that a kind of oil at low temperature according to claim 7 is produced is characterized in that: be 1h～3h the time of drying in the described activation treatment; Soak time is 1h～7h.

Images