CN101879062B - Surface electromyography measuring instrument, surface electromyography measuring module and measuring method - Google Patents
Surface electromyography measuring instrument, surface electromyography measuring module and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101879062B CN101879062B CN201010215107XA CN201010215107A CN101879062B CN 101879062 B CN101879062 B CN 101879062B CN 201010215107X A CN201010215107X A CN 201010215107XA CN 201010215107 A CN201010215107 A CN 201010215107A CN 101879062 B CN101879062 B CN 101879062B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface electromyography, a surface electromyography module and a measurement method, which are designed mainly aiming at the problems that the existing electromyography is low in precision and high in power consumption and cannot record the generation time of an electromyography signal. The system comprises a power supply module, a reference voltage module, a surface electromyography electrode, a surface electromyography measuring module, a storage medium and a clock module; the surface electromyography measuring module is composed of a preamplifier, a high-pass filter, a main amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a microcontroller which are sequentially connected; the signal input end of the preamplifier is connected with the surface electromyographic electrode; the microcontroller is provided with a storage control unit, one input end of the storage control unit is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, the other input end of the storage control unit is connected with the clock output end of the clock module, and one output end of the storage control unit is connected with the storage medium. By adopting the technical scheme, the myoelectric signal acquisition device has high precision, low noise and low power consumption, and can simultaneously store the myoelectric signal and the corresponding time thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a surface electromyography, a surface electromyography module and a measurement method.
Background
Myoelectricity is the source of electrical signals for generating muscle force, and is the superposition of action potentials of a plurality of movement units in muscles on time and space, and reflects the functional states of nerves and muscles. In recent years, myoelectricity has been widely used in the fields of basic medical research, clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation engineering, sports medicine, ergonomics, sports biomechanics, and the like.
The traditional needle type electromyography measuring instrument needs to be inserted into a human body for measurement, and is inconvenient. In the field of electromyographic signal amplifiers, the conventional biological signal amplifier needs an analog power frequency wave trap and a high-price analog isolation amplifier, has the defects of large volume, high price, high power consumption and the like, and is limited in portable application. The existing electromyography instrument usually adopts an external power supply to supply power, only records the electromyography signals, and does not pay attention to the generation time of the electromyography signals. However, in many applications, it is necessary to pay attention to the synchronization between the user's movement and the muscle signal, and to record the occurrence time of the myoelectric signal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides the surface electromyography, the surface electromyography module and the measurement method, wherein the surface electromyography has high precision, low noise, low power consumption and portability and can record the electromyography signals and time in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the surface electromyography measuring instrument comprises a power supply module, a reference voltage module, a surface electromyography electrode, a surface electromyography measuring module, a storage medium and a clock module; wherein,
the surface electromyography measuring module consists of a preamplifier, a high-pass filter, a main amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a microcontroller which are connected in sequence; the signal input end of the preamplifier is connected with the surface electromyographic electrode;
the microcontroller is provided with a storage control unit which reads the current clock of the clock module when the surface electromyogram signal is input, and correspondingly stores the clock and the surface electromyogram signal in a storage medium; one input end of the storage control unit is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, the other input end of the storage control unit is connected with the clock output end of the clock module, and one output end of the storage control unit is connected with the storage medium;
the power supply module is used for providing voltage required by the work of the microcontroller;
and the reference voltage module is used for converting the voltage output by the power supply module into reference voltage as the reference voltage of the analog-to-digital converter.
The myoelectric analog signal is converted into a digital signal by adopting the analog-to-digital converter, an analog isolation amplifier in the prior art is removed, and digital isolation is directly carried out at a signal output end; and meanwhile, the time of the occurrence of the electromyographic signals is recorded, which is beneficial to analyzing the synchronous relation between the muscle action of the detected person and the electromyographic signals.
Furthermore, the preamplifier is a digital programmable gain amplifier, the microcontroller is further provided with a digital gain control unit for outputting a gain signal to set the gain of the digital programmable gain amplifier, and a gain signal output end of the digital gain control unit is connected with a gain signal input end of the digital programmable gain amplifier.
Furthermore, the microcontroller is also provided with a clock synchronization control unit and a data exchange control unit, wherein the clock synchronization control unit and the data exchange control unit are both connected with a bus interface circuit and can be connected with a computer through a switching card to perform clock synchronization on the clock module, and surface electromyogram signals and corresponding clocks stored in the storage medium can be directly transmitted to the computer; the bus interface circuit adopts a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus transceiver and adopts an isolation chip for isolation.
In particular, the paired surface electromyographic electrodes also comprise a reference electrode, and the reference electrode is connected with the reference ground of the reference voltage module, so that noise is reduced, and the common-mode signal rejection capability is improved.
The surface electromyography measuring box is provided with at least one pair of surface electromyography electrode interfaces, a reference electrode interface and a storage medium interface, and is internally provided with a battery cabin, a surface electromyography cabin and a clock module cabin.
Furthermore, a bus interface is further arranged on the surface myoelectricity measuring box.
The invention relates to a surface electromyography measuring module, which consists of a preamplifier, a high-pass filter, a main amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a microcontroller which are connected in sequence; the preamplifier is provided with an input end of a surface electromyographic signal;
the microcontroller is provided with a storage control unit which reads the current clock of the clock module when the surface electromyogram signal is input, and correspondingly stores the clock and the surface electromyogram signal in a storage medium; the storage control unit is provided with an input end connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, another input end connected with the clock output end of the clock module, and an output end connected with the storage medium.
By adopting the structure, the invention can use a battery with smaller volume to supply power, reduces power frequency interference caused by adopting an external power supply to supply power, and has high precision, low power consumption and portability. In addition, the invention is also provided with a bus interface which CAN be connected with a CAN bus and a computer, CAN carry out real-time communication with the computer, receives a time synchronization signal from the computer, resets the time in the clock module to the current computer time, CAN realize data transmission between the storage medium and the computer, and CAN transmit the surface electromyogram signal stored in the storage medium and the corresponding clock to the computer.
The invention relates to a measuring method of a surface electromyography, which comprises the following steps:
(1) detecting a surface electromyographic signal of the detected person by at least one pair of surface electromyographic electrodes;
(2) the detected surface electromyographic signals enter a preamplifier for amplification, interference signals are filtered by a high-pass filter, and then the signals enter a main amplifier for further amplification;
(3) the surface electromyographic signals amplified by the main amplifier enter an analog-to-digital converter, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals;
(4) and the converted surface electromyographic signal enters a microcontroller, and the microcontroller reads the current clock of the clock module and correspondingly stores the clock and the surface electromyographic signal in a storage medium.
Further comprising: judging whether the intensity of the surface electromyographic signal entering the microcontroller meets the sampling requirement, if not, setting the gain of the preamplifier by the microcontroller through a set digital gain control unit; and if so, reading the current clock of the clock module by the microcontroller, and correspondingly storing the clock and the surface electromyographic signal in a storage medium.
The step (4) is also preceded by: the microcontroller receives a time synchronization signal from a computer connected with the bus interface circuit through the bus interface circuit connected with the microcontroller, and resets the time in the clock module to the current computer time; and the number of the first and second groups,
the step (4) is further followed by transmitting the surface electromyogram signal stored in the storage medium and a corresponding clock to a computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention records the time of the occurrence of the electromyographic signals and is beneficial to analyzing the synchronous relation between the muscle action of the detected person and the electromyographic signals.
(2) The myoelectric simulation signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter, so that digital isolation is facilitated, and an analog isolation amplifier with large volume and large power consumption in the prior art is eliminated, so that the myoelectric simulation signal is small in volume, high in precision, small in power consumption and strong in portability.
(3) The invention can be powered by a small-sized battery, reduces power frequency interference caused by external power supply, and greatly reduces cost and power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a surface electromyography instrument and a measurement instrument according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the measurement method of the surface electromyography of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface electromyography measurement box according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an application schematic diagram of the surface electromyography of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
The schematic diagram of the surface electromyography shown in fig. 1 includes a 2.4V/3V power supply 301, which can use 2-node 1.2V rechargeable batteries or 2-node 1.5V dry batteries, and changes 2.4V/3V voltage into 3.3V through a 3.3V booster circuit 302, as the voltage required by the microcontroller; the other end output of the 3.3V voltage can be converted into a 3V standard voltage with the precision of 0.01% by a 3V reference voltage circuit 303, and is used as a reference voltage for sampling by the analog-to-digital converter 311 (the analog-to-digital converter can be integrated in the microcontroller); the preamplifier 305 adopts a digital programmable operational amplifier AD8231 chip, four groups of preamplifiers 305, a 10Hz high-pass filter 306 and a main amplifier 307 are arranged in the embodiment, the four preamplifiers 305 are respectively connected with four pairs of surface myoelectricity electrodes, the microcontroller 308 is provided with a digital gain control unit which can set the gain of the preamplifier 305, and the set value comprises 8 grades of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128; the clock module 304 adopts a DS1687 real-time clock, a lithium battery, a 32.768kHz crystal and a DS 1685 chip are integrated in the clock module, and the clock module is connected with the microcontroller 308; the storage medium 309 is connected to the microcontroller 308 via a storage medium interface circuit, and the storage medium 309 is a CF (Compact Flash) card in this embodiment; the preamplifier 305 amplifies the surface myoelectric signal, and after the surface myoelectric signal is amplified by the high-pass filter 306 and the main amplifier 307, the analog-to-digital converter 311 samples the surface myoelectric signal, and the microcontroller 308 reads the collected surface myoelectric signal and stores the surface myoelectric signal in the storage medium 309, and synchronously stores the surface myoelectric signal in the storage medium 309 according to the time read by the clock module 304. The microcontroller 308 is further provided with a clock synchronization control unit and a data exchange control unit, the clock synchronization control unit and the data exchange control unit are both connected with a bus interface circuit 310, the bus interface circuit 310 is connected to a CAN bus, and the clock synchronization control unit CAN receive a time synchronization signal from a computer and reset the time in a clock module to the current computer time; the data exchange control unit can transmit the data stored in the CF card to the computer.
Fig. 2 is a measurement flow chart of the surface electromyography of the invention:
(1) detecting a surface electromyographic signal of the detected person by at least one pair of the surface electromyographic electrodes;
(2) the detected surface electromyographic signals enter a preamplifier for amplification, interference signals are filtered by a high-pass filter, and then the signals enter a main amplifier for further amplification;
(3) the surface electromyographic signals amplified by the main amplifier enter an analog-to-digital converter, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals;
(4) the converted surface electromyogram signal enters the microcontroller 308, and whether the surface electromyogram signal meets the sampling requirement (for example, the sampling requirement may be the limitation on the intensity of the surface electromyogram signal, or the limitation on the period, or the limitation on both the intensity and the period);
if the gain does not meet the requirement, the digital gain control unit sets the gain of the preamplifier;
if the clock signal is consistent with the surface electromyogram signal, the microcontroller 308 reads the current clock of the clock module, and correspondingly stores the clock and the surface electromyogram signal in a storage medium through a storage control unit; or the microcontroller 308 receives a time synchronization signal from the computer, and resets the time in the clock module to the current computer time through the clock synchronization control unit, the microcontroller 308 reads the current clock of the clock module, and stores the clock and the surface electromyogram signal in a storage medium through the storage control unit, and the storage medium can perform data transmission with the computer through the data exchange control unit of the microcontroller.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface electromyography measurement box, wherein four pairs of surface electromyography electrode interfaces 801, 802, 803 and 804, a reference electrode interface 9, a storage medium interface 10 and a bus interface 12 are arranged on the surface electromyography measurement box 7, and a battery compartment 6, a surface electromyography measurement compartment 13 and a clock module compartment 14 are arranged in the surface electromyography measurement box; the battery cabin 6 is used for placing a battery, the surface myoelectricity measuring cabin 13 is used for placing the surface myoelectricity measuring module, and the clock module cabin 14 is used for placing the clock module. The arrangement and connection of the surface electromyography measuring module and the clock module in the surface electromyography measuring box 7 can refer to the arrangement and connection of various components in a computer case, such as a display card, a memory and the like.
Fig. 4 is an application schematic diagram of the surface electromyography instrument, which includes four pairs of surface electromyography electrodes 103, 105, 106, and 107 attached to the body surface of a subject, and a reference electrode 104, wherein the surface electromyography electrodes 103, 105, 106, and 107 are respectively connected to the surface electromyography electrode interfaces 801, 802, 803, and 804 on the surface electromyography measurement box 7 via electrode cables, the reference electrode 104 is connected to the reference electrode interface 9 via an electrode cable, and a storage medium CF card is inserted into the storage medium interface 10; in addition, the surface electromyography measuring instrument can be connected with a computer through a bus interface, and the measured person can be measured after the surface electromyography measuring instrument is connected with the computer. The reference electrode 104 is arranged mainly for reducing noise and improving the rejection capability of common mode signals, wherein the reference electrode 104 is connected with a reference ground of a reference voltage module, and the reference ground is arranged by equally dividing the reference voltage, and 1/2 of the reference voltage is used as the reference ground for myoelectricity measurement.
The invention has small volume and low power consumption, can simultaneously store the measured surface electromyogram signal and the corresponding clock on the storage medium CF card, and can realize the data transmission between the CF card and the computer.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
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| CN103300853B (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2015-01-14 | 浙江大学 | Diagnosis and treatment system based on surface myoelectricity |
| CN104027111B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-04-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dual purpose electrodes and employing dual purpose electrodes realize the device of surface myoelectric extraction and transcutaneous electrostimulation |
| JP6453082B2 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2019-01-16 | 原田電子工業株式会社 | Myoelectric sensor |
| CN109893132A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-18 | 上海大学 | A kind of Surface Electromyography Signal Acquisition System |
| CN109924950A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-25 | 北京柔云科技有限责任公司 | The measuring device of body surface bioelectrical signals |
| CN111657942A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-15 | 复嶂环洲生物科技(上海)有限公司 | Wireless wearable electronic equipment capable of quantitatively evaluating and recording muscle electric signals |
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| US4213466A (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1980-07-22 | Harvard College, President And Fellows | Monitoring myoelectric signals |
| CN1256915C (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-05-24 | 北京泰达新兴医学工程技术有限公司 | Muscle bioelectricity biofeedback instrument possessing range and sensitivity automatic adjusting device |
| CN100500086C (en) * | 2005-11-26 | 2009-06-17 | 安徽君诚体育器材有限公司 | Electromyographic signal collection and action form synchronization method |
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