Error checking system and method for high-voltage electric energy metering device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metering and checking technology of power equipment, in particular to a system and a method for performing error field checking on a high-voltage electric energy metering device.
Background
The high-voltage electric energy metering device is an important electric energy metering instrument and mainly comprises a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a low-voltage multifunctional electric energy meter and the like. In the design and production process of the electric energy metering device, errors of elements forming the metering device are fixed, and the accuracy of the metering device can be standardized by using a routine method, namely a comprehensive error method, so that the field calibration of the electric energy metering device can only be realized by respectively adopting different calibration devices to obtain errors of a voltage transformer, a current transformer and an electric energy meter and influence quantity of secondary voltage drop of the voltage transformer, and then the overall error of the metering device is calculated through comprehensive error calculation.
However, the error test of the voltage and current transformers is to generally apply the designed load for the test without considering the actual load, and theoretical research shows that the most main factor influencing the error of the voltage and current transformers is the actual load. With the continuous progress of the measurement technology, a large number of electronic meters and digital meters replace the original analog pointer meter, so that the actual load of the mutual inductor is greatly reduced, and the lower limit of the load for ensuring the accuracy of the mutual inductor is far away, so that the accuracy of the qualified voltage and current mutual inductors can not be ensured in an actual electric energy metering system by verification, and even the requirement of the metering accuracy can be far away. Meanwhile, a secondary circuit of the mutual inductor can be transformed along with the development of the technology and the appearance of a new product, so that the actual secondary load change is large, the verification period of the mutual inductor can be specified by regulations, and the error caused by the actual load change in one verification period can not be controlled. The errors of the above parts not only have their own characteristics and rules, but also have different comprehensive errors caused by different wiring and using conditions. When the measurement is carried out according to the existing verification method, the overall error of the obtained electric energy metering device is uncertain, and the overall metrological verification and calibration cannot be carried out.
The basic principles of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on the regulation of electric energy and electric energy meter verification devices are: the errors of all instruments and measuring devices must be actually measured, and the errors calculated in other measurements or the errors of the combination of the reference voltage, the reference current and the reference power factor cannot be used as the basis for evaluating the basic errors of the device without measurement. In addition, according to the metering method in China, a metering device which has no accuracy index or cannot carry out objective metering verification, and the metering result can not be used as the basis for charging the user.
Because the existing error control method of the metering system cannot calibrate the accuracy grade of the whole system, the electric quantity loss caused by the metering error cannot be controlled at all, and great economic loss is brought to power generation departments, power supply departments and users.
Therefore, it is a necessary work to research the field error checking technology of the whole electric energy metering device.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an error checking system and method for a high voltage electric energy metering device, so as to solve the defects that the accuracy level of the whole system cannot be calibrated and the error checking cannot be performed in the current electric energy metering device checking process; and solves the problem of portability of the error checking system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an error checking system of a high-voltage electric energy metering device comprises a test power supply, a standard electric energy measuring system and a comparison display instrument (110); wherein,
the test power supply is used for providing high-voltage electric energy for the detected high-voltage electric energy metering device;
the standard electric energy measuring system is used for measuring a standard electric energy value of the test system and outputting a response signal representing an electric energy characteristic value to the comparison display instrument (110);
and the comparison display instrument (110) is used for comparing the response signal of the characteristic electric energy characteristic value output by the standard electric energy measuring system as a reference with the signal output by the measured electric energy metering device and displaying a verification result.
The test power supply comprises a control keyboard (101), a low-voltage signal unit (102), a power amplifier (103), a booster (104), a current booster (105), a current signal sensor (106) and a voltage signal sensor (107); wherein,
the control keyboard (101) is connected with the low-voltage signal unit (102) and is used for inputting required voltage and current parameters so as to control the low-voltage signal unit (102) to generate a low-voltage three-phase voltage signal and a two-phase/three-phase current signal, thereby regulating the generation of the low-voltage and the current signals;
the low-voltage signal unit (102) is used as a signal source for generating low-voltage three-phase voltage and two-phase/three-phase current, and receives various parameters fed back by the current signal sensor (106) and the voltage signal sensor (107) so as to stabilize the output of the low-voltage signal unit (102);
the power amplifier (103) is used for amplifying the voltage and current signals output by the low-voltage signal unit (102) and then respectively inputting the amplified voltage and current signals into the booster (104) and the current booster (105);
a booster (104) and a current booster (105) for providing signals of high voltage and current in accordance with requirements after the voltage and current signals output by the power amplifier (103) are subjected to power amplification, boosting and current boosting;
and the current signal sensor (106) and the voltage signal sensor (107) are arranged on a three-phase power line which carries a high-voltage current signal after being processed by the booster (104) and the current booster (105) and are used for providing a feedback signal to the low-voltage signal unit (102) so as to stabilize the output of the voltage and current signals of the low-voltage signal unit (102).
Wherein, the standard electric energy measuring system comprises a current signal sensor (106), a voltage signal sensor (107) and a standard electric energy meter (109): wherein,
the current signal sensor (106) and the voltage signal sensor (107) are arranged on a power line carrying high-voltage and high-current signals output by the test power supply and used for providing signals for measuring electric energy values for the standard electric energy meter (109);
the standard electric energy meter (109) is used for connecting a current signal sensor (106) and a voltage signal sensor (107) of the test power supply to measure a standard electric energy value of the test system and outputting a signal of an electric energy characteristic value output by the standard electric energy meter to the comparison display instrument (110);
and the signal which is output by the standard electric energy measuring system and represents the electric energy characteristic value is a high-frequency electric energy pulse signal.
The power amplifier (103) is a digital power amplifier, a switch-type power amplifier or a linear power amplifier.
The booster (104) is two independent sets of boosters and outputs in a V/V connection mode, or three independent sets of boosters are in a Y or D connection mode, or directly outputs through a set of three-phase boosters; the current rising device (105) is two groups of fully insulated current rising devices or three groups of fully insulated current rising devices.
The stability of the test power supply is realized according to the feedback of the output signal, an equal proportion signal is obtained through a current signal sensor (106) and a voltage signal sensor (107), and hard feedback is realized by directly introducing a signal source; or the accurately measured signal output by the standard electric energy measuring system is read by the low-voltage signal unit (102) to realize soft feedback.
The voltage signal sensor (107) is two groups of standard voltage transformers, or three groups of relatively grounded resistor voltage dividers, capacitor voltage dividers or resistor-capacitor voltage dividers;
the current signal sensor (106) is a standard current transformer or current divider, and two or three groups of current signal sensors (106) are used.
An error checking method for a high-voltage electric energy metering device comprises the following steps:
A. taking a high-voltage current two-phase/three-phase output signal of a test power supply as the excitation of a measured high-voltage electric energy metering device, and connecting an output signal of a standard electric energy measuring system bridged on an output line of the test power supply to a comparison display instrument;
B. and comparing a response signal which is output by the standard electric energy measuring system and represents the electric energy characteristic value and serves as a standard value with an output signal which is output to the comparison display instrument by the measured high-voltage electric energy metering device, and displaying a verification result.
The step A further comprises the implementation process of a test power supply:
processing the three-phase voltage signals of the low-voltage signal unit by a power amplifier and a booster to obtain required three-phase test voltage; processing the two-phase/three-phase low-voltage current signals output by the low-voltage signal unit through a power amplifier and a current booster to obtain required test current; and carrying out high-potential clamping on the test current loop by adopting the test voltage to enable the current loop to be at a high-voltage potential, so as to obtain a high-voltage current two-phase/three-phase output signal of the test power supply.
A method for controlling the measurement error precision of a standard electric energy measurement system comprises the following steps:
A. determining the measurement precision grade through a current signal sensor, a voltage signal sensor and a standard electric energy meter of a standard electric energy measurement system, and controlling the comprehensive error calculated according to the error limit value as the requirement of the lowest accuracy grade;
B. the stability of the test power supply is improved in a hard feedback or soft feedback mode; the hard feedback is an equal proportion signal obtained by a voltage signal sensor and a current signal sensor and output by a test power supply, and the equal proportion signal is used as an input feedback signal of the low-voltage signal unit; the soft feedback is that the output signals of the voltage signal sensor and the current signal sensor are connected to a standard electric energy meter, and the measurement result of the standard electric energy meter is read by the low-voltage signal unit to be used as a feedback signal;
C. and calculating the integral error precision of the high-voltage electric energy metering device by comparing the high-frequency electric energy pulse signal which is output by the standard electric energy meter and used for representing the standard electric energy with the electric energy pulse signal used for representing the electric energy measured value of the detected high-voltage electric energy metering device.
The error checking system and method of the high-voltage electric energy metering device provided by the invention have the following advantages:
according to the invention, the small low-voltage signal unit is adopted and is used in combination with the standard electric energy measuring system and the comparison display instrument, namely, the error field calibration system is adopted to carry out overall calibration on the high-voltage electric energy metering device, so that the high-voltage metering device has measurable overall metering accuracy, the complicated process of respectively detecting the electric energy meter, the mutual inductor and the secondary circuit in the traditional mode is avoided, and the calibration working efficiency is greatly improved; in addition, because the test power supply adopts the independent design of a voltage loop and a current loop, the actually required power is not high, and because the actual load is also very low, the power loss of the low-voltage signal unit is also greatly reduced, so the volume and the weight of the system can be greatly reduced, and the system meets the convenience requirement of field verification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional structure diagram of an error checking system of the high-voltage electric energy metering device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an error checking method of the high-voltage electric energy metering device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a functional structure diagram of an error checking system of a high-voltage electric energy metering device according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the error checking system of the high-voltage electric energy metering device according to the present invention is suitable for on-site checking of a two-element/three-element high-voltage electric energy metering device of a high-voltage power system, and the error checking system includes a test power supply, a standard electric energy measuring system, and other components, such as a comparison display 110; the test power supply comprises a control keyboard 101, a low-voltage signal unit 102, a power amplifier 103, a booster 104, a current booster 105, a current signal sensor 106 and a voltage signal sensor 107; the standard power measurement system includes a current signal sensor 106, a voltage signal sensor 107, and a standard power meter 109. Wherein,
the control keyboard 101 is used for inputting basic parameters such as required voltage and current, and the like, so as to control the low-voltage signal unit 102 to generate a low-voltage three-phase voltage signal and a two-phase (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three-phase (for a three-element method electric energy metering device) current signal, thereby regulating and controlling the generation of the low-voltage signal and the low-voltage current signal.
Here, the phase angle between the voltages of the respective phases may be set in advance, but it is needless to say that the effective values of the output of the voltage current signals may be set individually, harmonics may be superimposed on the voltage current signals individually, and the output frequency may be set in a range of 40 hz to 60 hz.
The low-voltage signal unit 102 is used as a signal source for generating low-voltage three-phase voltage and two-phase (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three-phase (for a three-element method electric energy metering device) current.
Here, the low voltage signal unit 102 is provided with a display screen capable of displaying the work output condition and displaying various parameters fed back by the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107.
The power amplifier 103 is configured to amplify the voltage and current signals output by the low voltage signal unit 102, and then input the amplified voltage and current signals to the voltage booster 104 and the current booster 105, respectively.
Here, the power amplifier 103 may be a digital power amplifier, a switching power amplifier, or a linear power amplifier.
The booster 104 and the current booster 105 are configured to provide a simulation condition for operation, that is, provide an input signal of high voltage and current, for the high voltage electric energy metering device 108 after power amplification, boosting, and current boosting processing are performed on the voltage and current signals output by the power amplifier 103.
Here, the booster 104 is a V/V wired output for two independent sets of boosters, or a Y or D wired output for three independent sets of boosters, or directly output through a set of three-phase boosters. The current rising device 105 is two groups of fully insulated current rising devices (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three groups of fully insulated current rising devices (for a three-element method electric energy metering device).
The current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107 are disposed on a three-phase power line carrying a high-voltage current signal after being processed by the voltage booster 104 and the current booster 105, and are configured to provide a feedback signal to the low-voltage signal unit 102 so as to stabilize the output of the voltage and current signals of the low-voltage signal unit 102. Here, the voltage signal sensors are two groups (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three groups (for a three-element method electric energy metering device), and the voltage sensors can be PT, voltage dividers and the like; the current signal sensors are two groups (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three groups (for a three-element method electric energy metering device), and the current sensors can be a CT, a current divider and the like. The current signal sensor 106 is a precision current signal sensor, and the voltage signal sensor 107 is a precision voltage signal sensor. In order to realize and improve the stability of the output signal of the test power supply, the method is realized by utilizing the feedback of the signal, the equal proportion signal is obtained by the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107, and the hard feedback is realized by directly introducing a signal source; or through the accurately measured signal output by the standard electric energy measuring system and read by the low-voltage signal unit 102 to realize soft feedback
And the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 is used for connecting a three-phase power line which carries a high-voltage current signal after being processed by the booster 104 and the current booster 105 so as to perform error checking work by using the high-voltage current signal. The output end of the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 is connected with a comparison display instrument 110.
Here, the input of the three-phase high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 is directly connected to the booster 104 and the booster set 105, and meters and outputs a signal representing an electric energy value to the comparison display 110.
And the standard electric energy meter 109 is used for calculating an electric energy value and taking an output electric energy characteristic value thereof as a reference value.
Here, the standard electric energy meter 109 is connected to the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107, respectively, and an output terminal of the standard electric energy meter 109, an output terminal of the precision high-voltage current sensor 106, and an output terminal of the precision voltage sensor 107 are connected to the low-voltage signal unit 102, respectively, for transmitting feedback signals. In addition, the output of the standard electric energy meter 109 is connected to a comparison display 110 for outputting the calculated electric energy value. In addition, the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107 are arranged on a power line carrying high-voltage and high-current signals output by the test power supply, and are further configured to provide signals for measuring electric energy values to the standard electric energy meter 109; the standard electric energy meter 109 is used for connecting the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107 of the test power supply to calculate an electric energy value and outputting a signal of an electric energy characteristic value output by the standard electric energy meter to the comparison display instrument 110; and the signal which is output by the standard electric energy measuring system and represents the electric energy characteristic value is a high-frequency electric energy pulse signal.
The comparison display instrument 110 is configured to compare the electric energy characteristic values output by the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 and the standard electric energy meter 109, and display a verification result.
Here, the comparison display 110 is connected to the standard electric energy meter 109 and the high voltage electric energy metering device 108, respectively, and receives signals representing electric energy values of the standard electric energy meter and the high voltage electric energy metering device for displaying a verification result. The signal representing the electric energy value is a high-frequency electric energy pulse signal, that is, the electric energy pulse signal output by the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 of the checked object and the high-frequency check pulse of the standard electric energy meter 109 are both transmitted to the comparison display instrument 110, and the percentage of the electric energy metering error calculated by the comparison display instrument 110 is displayed.
In addition, the low-voltage power signal generating unit 102 generates low-voltage current and voltage signals, which are amplified by the power amplifier 103 through the output ends thereof, and then are respectively connected to the booster 104 and the current booster 105, and output the output signals of the two signals through a three-phase power line and then to the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 through a three-phase power line; the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107 are arranged on the three-phase power line, and are positioned between the tested high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 and the booster 104 and the current booster 105, and are in equivalent positions with the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108 in operation; in addition, the output ends of the current signal sensor 106 and the voltage signal sensor 107 are respectively connected with the low-voltage power signal generating unit.
The control part of the overall error field calibration method of the high-voltage electric energy metering device is realized by the control keyboard 101 and is used for setting the voltage value and the current value output by the low-voltage signal unit 102 so as to regulate and control the generation of low-voltage and current.
When in use, the three-phase high-voltage electric energy metering device 108, which is the detection object, is separated from the power system and is directly connected to the booster 104 and the booster group 105. When the calibration device starts to work, basic parameters such as voltage and current are input through the control keyboard 101, the low-voltage signal unit 102 is controlled to generate a three-phase voltage signal and a two-phase (for a two-element method electric energy metering device) or three-phase (for a three-element method electric energy metering device) current signal, phase angles between current and voltage of each phase can be preset, output effective values of the voltage and current signals can be set respectively, harmonic waves can be superposed on the voltage and current signals respectively, and the output frequency can be set within the range of 40 Hz to 60 Hz. The basis of error detection is a comparison method, the pulse number output by a standard electric energy meter is counted according to the output pulse interval of the three-phase high-voltage electric energy metering device 108, an error is obtained through calculation, and the error is displayed on the comparison display instrument 110.
It should be noted that the input end of the standard electric energy meter 109, the output end of the high voltage current sensor 106 and the output end of the voltage sensor 107 are respectively connected to the feedback end of the low voltage signal unit 102, so that the generation of stable low voltage current and voltage can be controlled by transmitting feedback signals, and the output value can be adjusted by comparing the feedback current and voltage signals with preset values, and on the other hand, the low voltage signal unit 102 itself has a display function to display the working output condition and various parameters fed back by the high voltage current sensor 106 and the voltage sensor 107.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an error checking method of the high-voltage electric energy metering device of the invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 201: firstly, providing a test power supply for a high-voltage electric energy metering device; the implementation process of the test power supply specifically comprises the following steps:
the three-phase voltage signals of the low-voltage signal unit 102 are subjected to a power amplifier 103 and a booster 104 to obtain three-phase test voltages required by the test and power requirements; two-phase/three-phase low-voltage current signals (respectively corresponding to two-element method and three-element method electric energy metering devices) output by the low-voltage signal unit 102 pass through the power amplifier 103 and the current booster 105 to obtain current required by a test and test current required by power; carrying out high-potential clamping on the test current loop by using test voltage to enable the current loop to be at a high-voltage potential so as to form three-phase output of high-voltage current; the voltage and current output signals of the test power supply are sampled and fed back to the low-voltage signal unit 102 for output regulation, so as to ensure the stability and accuracy of the three-phase high-voltage current test power supply for the overall error check of the high-voltage electric energy metering device 108.
Step 202: and then connecting the test power supply and the standard electric energy measuring system with the high-voltage electric energy metering device to be detected. The method comprises the following specific steps: utilize the test power supply carries out error check to high-voltage electric energy metering device, and this process includes: and taking the high-voltage current two-phase/three-phase output signal of the test power supply as the excitation of the high-voltage electric energy metering device to be detected, and connecting the output signal of the standard electric energy measuring system bridged on the output line of the test power supply to a comparison display instrument.
Step 203: and finally, comparing a response signal which is output by the standard electric energy measuring system and represents the electric energy characteristic value and serves as a standard value with an output signal which is output to the comparison display instrument by the detected high-voltage electric energy metering device, and displaying a verification result.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for controlling the measurement accuracy of the standard electric energy measurement system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2031: determining the measurement precision grade through a current signal sensor, a voltage signal sensor and a standard electric energy meter of a standard electric energy measurement system, and controlling the comprehensive error calculated according to the error limit value as the requirement of the lowest accuracy grade;
step 2032: the stability of the test power supply is improved in a hard feedback or soft feedback mode; the hard feedback is an equal proportion signal obtained by a voltage signal sensor and a current signal sensor and output by a test power supply, and the equal proportion signal is used as an input feedback signal of the low-voltage signal unit; the soft feedback is that the output signals of the voltage signal sensor and the current signal sensor are connected to a standard electric energy meter, and the measurement result of the standard electric energy meter is read by the low-voltage signal unit to be used as a feedback signal;
step 2033: and calculating the integral error precision of the high-voltage electric energy metering device by comparing the high-frequency electric energy pulse signal which is output by the standard electric energy meter and used for representing the standard electric energy with the electric energy pulse signal used for representing the electric energy measured value of the detected high-voltage electric energy metering device.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.