CN101851549A - A long-life gasoline engine oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a gasoline engine oil, comprising: base oil and additives; the weight percentage of the additives includes: 4.0%-6.0% dispersant, 2.5%-4.5% detergent, 0.2%-0.8% anti-corrosion agent, 0.1%-0.2% antioxidant, 0.01%-0.15% nano-copper anti-wear agent, 5.0%-9.0% viscosity index improver, 0.3%-0.5% pour point depressant; the balance The base oil is a semi-synthetic composite base oil composed of 40%-65% API III base oil and 35%-60% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, accounting for the mass percentage of the base oil. The engine oil can not only meet the needs of high-temperature and high-speed automobile and motorcycle engines, but also ensure that the engine is always in a good lubricating state, and has a long service life and low cost.

Description

A long-life gasoline engine oil

technical field

The invention relates to the field of engine lubricating oil, in particular to a gasoline engine oil.

Background technique

The main function of lubricating oil in machinery is to reduce friction and slow down wear, so as to ensure the effective and long-term operation of the machinery. The second is cooling. Work within a certain temperature range to prevent damage to parts due to rising temperature; in addition, it has protective, sealing and cleaning functions. The protective effect is to prevent the metal from being corroded by air and other chemical gases. The sealing effect refers to the lubricating oil used in the internal combustion engine, which can prevent the gas in the combustion chamber from entering the crankcase through the gap between the cylinder wall and the piston. The cleaning effect is that in the circulating lubrication system, the lubricating oil can wash away some wear debris and other pollutants between the friction surfaces, and carry them to the oil pool for sedimentation or filtration before removal.

Engine lubricating oil, also known as internal combustion engine lubricating oil, referred to as engine oil, is the lubricating medium for each moving part in the engine system, and has the functions of lubricating, cooling, cleaning and sealing. With the acceleration of China's construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, energy-saving and environmental protection regulations have become increasingly stringent, and engines are developing in the direction of high speed, high compression ratio, light weight, and low wind resistance, resulting in engine operating temperature and mechanical shear speed. With continuous improvement, the working temperature of the engine is further increased, and the working conditions of the engine lubricating oil are becoming increasingly harsh, chemical reactions such as oxidation, cracking, and polymerization occur, and deposits such as carbon deposits, varnish, and sludge are produced, resulting in shortened working life of the engine oil, such as Failure to change oil in time will lead to increased oxidation and corrosion, increased carbon deposits and wear, reduced power, increased fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, and even engine damage due to engine oil that cannot meet the requirements in severe cases. Therefore, the performance of engine lubricating oil directly affects the working efficiency, fuel consumption, output power, service life and emission of the engine.

In the research technology of engine lubricating oil, most of our country still use API type I base oil (solvent refined mineral oil), plus anti-oxidant and anti-corrosion agent, detergent and dispersant, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant and other kinds additive. Due to the low degree of refining of Group I base oils, the oxidation resistance is poor, and deposits such as carbon deposits are easily generated during use, and the matching additives have poor temperature resistance, which is difficult to meet the long-term use of modern high-temperature and high-speed engines. Therefore, the oil change period of gasoline engine oil in my country is usually only 5000-8000 kilometers. Developed countries in Europe and the United States use synthetic ester and poly-α-olefin synthetic oil as base oil, and then add a variety of high-performance additives. The service life of the engine oil can reach 30,000-40,000 kilometers, which greatly reduces the consumption and waste of engine oil. Engine oil pollutes the environment, but the cost of fully synthetic engine oil is 3 to 5 times higher than that of mineral oil, which greatly limits its popularization and application.

Contents of the invention

The problem solved by the invention is to provide a gasoline engine oil with a long service life of up to 30,000 kilometers, and various indicators can meet the requirements of modern engines.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A gasoline engine oil, comprising: base oil and additives;

The weight percentage composition that described additive comprises is:

Dispersant 4.0%-6.0%,

Detergent 2.5%-4.5%,

Anticorrosion agent 0.2%-0.8%,

Antioxidant 0.1%-0.2%,

Nano antiwear agent 0.01%-0.15%,

Viscosity index improver 5.0%-9.0%,

Pour point depressant 0.3%-0.5%;

The balance is base oil, and the base oil is a semi-synthetic composite base oil composed of 40%-65% API III base oil and 35%-60% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.

Preferably, the dispersant is one or both of high relative molecular weight dispersant or mono-succinimide dispersant.

Preferably, the high relative molecular weight dispersant is one or both of double polyisobutylene succinimide or polyisobutylene succinimide.

Preferably, the detergent is one or both of high-basic value sulfonate or medium-basic value sulfurized alkylphenate.

Preferably, the high base value sulfonate is a synthetic calcium or magnesium sulfonate with a base value greater than or equal to 300 mgKOH/g.

Preferably, the sulfurized alkylphenate calcium or magnesium salt with a base value of 150 mgKOH/g-250 mgKOH/g.

Preferably, the anticorrosion agent is one or both of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate or zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate.

Preferably, the antioxidant is alkylphenol.

Preferably, the viscosity index improver is one or both of ethylene-propylene copolymer with SSI less than 20 or hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer with SSI less than 20.

Preferably, the pour point depressant is one or both of polyalphaolefin or polymethacrylate.

The gasoline engine oil provided by the invention can adapt to the needs of high-temperature and high-speed automobile and motorcycle engines, and its performance fully meets the index requirements of SL 5W/30, which can ensure that the engine is always in a good lubrication state under various climatic conditions and operating conditions, and has a long service life. Long, can reach the use requirement of 30,000 kilometers, and the cost is low.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

Gasoline engine oil provided by the invention comprises base oil and additive, wherein the weight percentage composition that additive comprises is:

Dispersant: 4.0%-6.0%, detergent: 2.5%-4.5%, antioxidant and anti-corrosion agent: 0.2%-0.8%, antioxidant: 0.1%-0.2%, nano anti-wear agent: 0.01%-0.15% , viscosity index improver: 5.0%-9.0%, pour point depressant: 0.3%-0.5%;

The balance is base oil, which is a semi-synthetic compound base oil, including the following components: API Group III base oil: accounting for 40% to 65% of the mass of the base oil, polyalphaolefin synthetic oil: accounting for 35% of the mass of the base oil ~60%. API Group Ⅲ base oil is made by full hydrogenation process, its performance far exceeds that of Group Ⅰ base oil and Group Ⅱ base oil, especially it has a high viscosity index and very low volatility. As a base oil, polyalphaolefin synthetic oil (PAO) has good compatibility with additives, high viscosity index, low pour point, low low temperature viscosity, good high temperature thermal oxidation stability, and low price.

Additives can improve the performance of engine oil, and are divided into main dispersants, detergents, anticorrosion agents, antioxidants, antiwear agents, viscosity index improvers, and pour point depressants according to their functions. The dispersant can effectively resist the formation of low-temperature sludge and disperse engine sludge and carbon deposits. In the present invention, the dispersant is preferably one or both of high relative molecular weight dispersant or single-hanging succinimide dispersant, specifically, it can be 3.0% to 4.0% by weight of high relative molecular weight dispersant and 1.0% ~2.0% mono-succinimide dispersant. The high relative molecular weight dispersant can be one or both of bis-polyisobutylene succinimide or polyisobutylene succinimide, with good thermal stability and good high-temperature dispersion of engine sludge and carbon deposits and other deposits ability; single-hanging succinimide dispersant is monosuccinimide, which has good low-temperature dispersion ability and can effectively resist the formation of low-temperature sludge.

Detergents can remove carbon deposits and paint films formed by engine oil at high temperatures. In the present invention, the detergent is preferably one or both of overbasic sulfonates or medium-basic sulfurized alkylphenates, specifically 2.0% to 3.0% of high-basic sulfonates and 0.5% to 1.5% % mesobase number sulfurized alkylphenates. The high base value sulfonate is preferably a synthetic calcium or magnesium sulfonate salt with a base value greater than or equal to 300mgKOH/g, which can effectively remove carbon deposits and paint films, and has excellent ability to neutralize acidic substances generated by oxidation and rust resistance Good, and has a certain dispersing effect; medium alkali value sulfurized alkylphenate is preferably sulfurized alkylphenate calcium or magnesium salt with a base value of 150mgKOH/g-250mgKOH/g, which has good acid neutralization ability and high temperature cleaning It has good anti-oxidation, anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties, and has good synergistic effect when compounded with other additives.

Anti-corrosion agents can prevent metal oxidation and delay the corrosion of engine parts by engine oil. In the present invention, the anticorrosion agent is preferably one or both of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate or zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, specifically dialkyldithiocarbamate with a weight percentage of 0.1% to 0.5%. Zinc thiophosphate and 0.1% to 0.3% zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate. Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has a good ability to inhibit oil oxidation and prevent corrosion, and has good anti-wear effect; zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate (ZDTC) has a good ability to inhibit oil oxidation, The ability to prevent corrosion, and at the same time strong resistance to extreme pressure, excellent high temperature resistance, phosphorus-free, will not cause engine catalytic converter poisoning.

Antioxidants can inhibit the oxidation of oil, passivate the catalytic effect of metal on oxidation, prolong the service life of oil and protect the engine. The antioxidant of the present invention is preferably alkylphenol, which has better high temperature resistance.

The anti-wear agent is preferably chemically modified nano-copper particles with a particle size of 15nm-25nm. The nano-copper particles have good anti-wear and anti-oxidation capabilities, especially the ability to repair engine worn parts.

Viscosity index improver can improve the viscosity index of oil and improve its viscosity-temperature performance. The viscosity index improver of the present invention is preferably one or both of ethylene-propylene copolymers with a shear stability index (SSI) of less than 20 or hydrogenated styrene diene copolymers with an SSI of less than 20, specifically by weight percent 3.0%-5.0% ethylene-propylene copolymer with SSI less than 20 and 2.0%-4.0% hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer with SSI less than 20. The preferred molecular weight of ethylene-propylene copolymer is 40,000-80,000, which has excellent shear stability, thermal stability and good thickening ability; the preferred molecular weight of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer (HSD) is 50,000-80,000. The oil has strong thickening ability, good mechanical shear resistance, and excellent high and low temperature performance, so that the oil produces less deposits such as carbon deposits in the engine.

The pour point depressant is used to reduce the solidification temperature of the lubricating oil and improve the fluidity of the oil at low temperature. In the present invention, the pour point depressant is preferably one or both of polyalphaolefin and polymethacrylate.

Example 1:

The weight percentage composition of additive is:

3% bis-polyisobutylene succinimide, 2% monosuccinimide, 2% synthetic calcium sulfonate with a base value of 300mgKOH/g, 1% sulfurized alkyl with a base value of 200mgKOH/g Calcium phenate, 0.5% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.1% zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, 0.1% alkylphenol, 0.08% copper nanoparticles with a particle size of 15nm to 25nm, 4.0 % of ethylene-propylene copolymer with a molecular weight of 60,000, 4.0% of a hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer with a molecular weight of 80,000, and 0.3% of polyalphaolefin;

83% base oil, the base oil is composed of 45% API Group III base oil and 55% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.

Example 2:

The weight percentage composition of additive is:

5% bispolyisobutylene succinimide, 4.5% synthetic magnesium sulfonate with a base value of 300mgKOH/g, 0.3% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.4% dialkyldithiocarbamate Zinc, 0.2% of alkylphenol, 0.1% of nano-copper particles with a particle size of 15nm to 25nm, 9.0% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer with a molecular weight of 80,000, and 0.5% of polymethacrylate;

80% base oil, the base oil is composed of 40% API Group III base oil and 60% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.

Example 3:

The weight percentage composition of additive is:

3.5% T-155 polyisobutylene succinimide, 1.5% monosuccinimide, 4% sulfurized calcium alkylphenate with a base value of 250mgKOH/g, 0.5% dialkyldithio Zinc carbamate, 0.15% alkylphenol, 0.15% nano-copper particles with a particle size of 15nm to 25nm, 3.0% ethylene-propylene copolymer with a molecular weight of 50,000, and 3.0% hydrogenated styrene diene with a molecular weight of 60,000 Copolymer, 0.4% polyalphaolefin;

83.8% base oil, the base oil is composed of 60% API Group III base oil and 40% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.

Example 4:

The weight percentage composition of additive is:

6% monosuccinimide, 2.5% synthetic calcium sulfonate with a base value of 400mgKOH/g, 1% sulfurized magnesium alkylphenate with a base value of 200mgKOH/g, 0.1% dialkyldithio Zinc phosphate, 0.3% zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, 0.1% alkylphenol, 0.05% nano-copper particles with a particle size of 15nm to 25nm, 6.0% ethylene-propylene copolymer with a molecular weight of 70,000, 0.45% polyalphaolefin;

83.5% base oil, the base oil is composed of 50% API III base oil and 50% polyalphaolefin synthetic oil.

The technical index of the engine oil prepared by the embodiment is tested, and the results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Test results of engine oil technical indicators

Flash point (opening), ℃ not lower than 215 238 312 287 261 GB/T3536 Low temperature dynamic viscosity (-20°C, mPa·s) is not greater than 7000 4800 4350 4270 4610 GB/T6538 Low-temperature pumping viscosity (-20°C, mPa·s) is not greater than when there is no yield stress 60000 39000 35000 37800 36000 SH/T0562 High-temperature high-shear viscosity (150°C, 10 ⁵ s ^-1 ), mPa·s not less than 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.0 4.5 GB/T0618GB/T0703 Foam (FT/FS), mL/mL24°C Not greater than 93.5°C Not greater than the latter 24°C Not greater than 10/020/010/0 0/00/00/0 0/00/00/0 0/00/00/0 0/00/00/0 GB/T12579

Flash point (opening), ℃ not lower than 215 238 312 287 261 GB/T3536 Evaporation loss (mass fraction), % Not greater than Noack method (250°C, 1h) 18 12 14 15 12 SH/T0059 Mechanical impurities (mass fraction), % not greater than 0.01 none none none none GB/T511 Moisture (volume percentage), % not greater than trace none none none none GB/T260 Alkaline value (in KOH), mgKOH/g Report 9.6 8.8 8.3 9.4 SH/T0251 Sulfate ash (mass fraction), % Report 1.36 1.49 0.85 1.41 GB/T2433 Sulfur (mass fraction), % Report 0.13 0.23 0.45 0.11 GB/T387 Phosphorus (mass fraction), % Report 0.04 0.02 0 0.009 GB/T17476 Nitrogen (mass fraction), % Report 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.16 GB/T9170

Carry out driving test to the engine oil prepared in embodiment 1, adopt No. 0325 test vehicle (Lifan 520 type, 1.6L, sedan) of Chongqing Lifan Automobile Company to carry out the test. In order to investigate the aging and deterioration of the test oil in use, it is sampled every 5,000 kilometers for testing. The data of the driving test is shown in Table 2:

Table 2 Driving test data

Mileage/km 0 4995 9995 14995 19995 24995 30000 Kinematic viscosity at 100℃, mm ² /s 15.46 15.10 14.85 14.80 14.86 14.94 15.37 100℃ kinematic viscosity reduction rate, % 0 2.33 3.94 4.27 3.88 3.36 0.58 Pentane insoluble matter, % 0 0.011 0.059 0.104 0.32 0.411 0.657 Iron content, Cμg/mL 0 1.235 1.966 2.415 3.314 3.989 4.944 Iron content in oil sample, ppm 0 20.219 37.085 48.214 69.269 77.431 89.262 Absorbance 0.22 0.35 0.481 0.653 0.801 0.899 Open flash point, ℃ 253 249 243 248 246 249 249

The viscosity change of the machine oil prepared by the invention is within the range of ±25% at 100°C within 30,000 kilometers of driving, which is within the oil change standard range of gasoline engine oil. In this test, the viscosity first showed a downward trend, which was mainly due to the high-speed shearing of the viscosity index improver in the engine oil, which caused the viscosity to decrease, and around 15,000 kilometers, the viscosity gradually increased, which may be related to the oxidation of the engine oil.

It can be seen from the test results that the gasoline engine oil provided by the present invention has a long service life, has good viscosity-temperature properties, shear stability and low-temperature performance, has reached the technical requirements of SL 15W/40 engine oil, and has passed 30,000 kilometers of actual driving Experiment, less expensive.

The gasoline engine oil prepared by the invention has also passed the certification of the Benz 229.1 specification of the German Mercedes-Benz Motor Company, and the oil change period exceeds 30,000 kilometers.

The gasoline engine oil provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a petrol engine machine oil is characterized in that, comprising: base oil and additive;

The weight percent composition that described additive comprises is:

Dispersion agent 4.0%-6.0%,

Purification agent 2.5%-4.5%,

Anti-corrosion additive 0.2%-0.8%,

Oxidation inhibitor 0.1%-0.2%,

Nano copper antiwear agent 0.01%-0.15%,

Viscosity index improver 5.0%-9.0%,

Pour point depressant 0.3%-0.5%;

Surplus is a base oil, and described base oil is that to account for the base oil mass percent be the semi-synthetic composite foundation oil that the polyalphaolefin synthetic oil of 40%～65% API III class base oil and 35%～60% is formed.

2. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described dispersion agent is one or both in high relative molecular weight dispersion agent or the single extension succimide dispersion agent.

3. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described high relative molecular weight dispersion agent is one or both in double focusing iso-butylene succimide or the poly iso-butylene succimide.

4. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described purification agent is one or both in over base sulfosalt or the middle base number alkyl monosulfide phenates.

5. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described over base sulfosalt is calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate or the magnesium salts of base number more than or equal to 300mgKOH/g.

6. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described middle base number sulfenyl phenolate salt base number is at calcium sulfenyl phenolate or the magnesium salts of 150mgKOH/g～250mgKOH/g.

7. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described anti-corrosion additive is one or both in zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate or the zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate.

8. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oxidation inhibitor is alkylphenol.

9. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described viscosity index improver is SSI less than 20 ethylene-propylene copolymer or SSI less than in 20 the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer one or both.

10. petrol engine machine oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pour point depressant is one or both in polyalphaolefin or the polymethacrylate.