CN101846840B - Transflective liquid crystal display - Google Patents
Transflective liquid crystal display Download PDFInfo
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- CN101846840B CN101846840B CN 200910080866 CN200910080866A CN101846840B CN 101846840 B CN101846840 B CN 101846840B CN 200910080866 CN200910080866 CN 200910080866 CN 200910080866 A CN200910080866 A CN 200910080866A CN 101846840 B CN101846840 B CN 101846840B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transflective liquid crystal display, which relates to the display technology and can solve the problem of contrast decline caused by inconsistent thicknesses of liquid crystal layers of a transmission area and a reflection area in the transflective liquid crystal display. The transflective liquid crystal display comprises a colored film substrate and an array substrate which are arranged opposite; the surface of the array substrate, opposite to the colored film substrate, is provided with a transparent electrode and a reflection layer; the area opposite to the transparent electrode is the transmission area of the liquid crystal display, and the area opposite to the reflection layer is the reflection area of the liquid crystal display; the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission area and the reflection area are the same; and the transmission area adopts a normally white mode, and the reflection area adopts a low twisted nematic normally white mode. The invention is suitable for manufacturing the liquid crystal display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a display technology, in particular to a transflective liquid crystal display.
Background
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have many advantages, such as being thin compared to flat panel displays (CRTs) and low power consumption. Therefore, liquid crystal displays have replaced flat panel displays in many fields.
Liquid crystal displays are classified into a transmissive type and a reflective type according to whether a light source is used as an internal light source or an external light source. The liquid crystal display panel of the transmissive liquid crystal display does not emit light by itself, but has a backlight as an illumination portion. The backlight is generally disposed on the back or one side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel, and light from the backlight displays an image according to the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, and generally the backlight of the transmissive liquid crystal display will consume 50% or more of the total energy consumption of the liquid crystal display. For an outdoor liquid crystal display or a portable liquid crystal display, a reflective liquid crystal display panel is generally used, and the liquid crystal display has a reflector formed on an array substrate or a color filter substrate to reflect ambient light. When the ambient light is insufficient, the visibility of the reflective liquid crystal display is poor.
A liquid crystal display that can realize both transmission mode display and reflection mode display is called a transflective liquid crystal display. The transflective liquid crystal display can utilize both an internal light source and an external light source, so that power consumption is low.
The conventional transflective liquid crystal display is suitable for a normally white mode, i.e., a bright state appears on the display panel when no electric signal is supplied. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional transflective lcd. On the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12A liquid crystal layer is arranged between the color filter substrate 11 and the array substrate 12, and a polarizer 141 and a polarizer 142 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the color filter substrate and the array substrate. The left area where the spacer 17 and the reflective layer 16 are located is a reflective area, and the right area where the transparent electrode 15 is located is a transmissive area. It can be seen that, in order to implement transflective liquid crystal display, the conventional method adopts a double-cell thickness manner, i.e. in order to obtain the same optical path difference Δ nd between the transmissive region and the reflective region, the cell thickness of the reflective region is half of that of the transmissive region, and therefore, an additional spacer 17 is required to heighten the reflective layer to meet the cell thickness requirement of the liquid crystal cell. Wherein Δ n ═ ne-noWherein n iseAnd noThe ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index in the birefringence phenomenon of the liquid crystal layer, respectively, and d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. In the case of the conventional transflective liquid crystal display, the contrast ratio is lowered due to the irregular alignment of the liquid crystal in the connecting region of the transmissive region and the reflective region.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transflective liquid crystal display, which can solve the problem that the contrast ratio of the traditional transflective liquid crystal display is reduced due to the irregular arrangement of liquid crystals in a connecting area of a transmission area and a reflection area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a transflective liquid crystal display comprising:
the array substrate is characterized by comprising a color film substrate and an array substrate which are arranged oppositely, polarizing films are respectively arranged on the outer side faces, deviating from each other, of the color film substrate and the array substrate, and the included angle between the polarizing directions of the polarizing films is 90 degrees; and a transparent electrode and a reflecting layer are arranged on the surface of the array substrate opposite to the color film substrate, the area opposite to the transparent electrode is a transmission area of the liquid crystal display, and the area opposite to the reflecting layer is a reflecting area of the liquid crystal display. The thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission region and the reflection region are the same; the transmission area adopts a normally white mode, and the reflection area adopts a low-twist nematic normally white mode.
According to the transflective liquid crystal display provided by the invention, as the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission area and the reflection area are the same, the transmission area adopts a normally white mode, and the reflection area adopts a low-twisted nematic normally white mode, the projection area and the reflection area can be both in a bright state when not powered and in a dark state when powered, the transflective combination is realized in the liquid crystal display, the contrast of a picture can be improved when the image is displayed, and the display quality of the picture is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional transflective LCD;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transflective LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the poincare sphere of a low twist nematic cell;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spaced arrangement of transparent electrodes and reflective layers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another spaced arrangement of transparent electrodes and a reflective layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of disposing a transparent electrode and a reflective layer in a single pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
11, a color film substrate; 12, an array substrate; 13, a liquid crystal layer; 141, 142, a polarizing plate; 15, a transparent electrode; 16, a reflective layer; 17, spacer.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention is a transflective liquid crystal display, including: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a color film substrate 11 and an array substrate 12 which are arranged oppositely, polarizing plates 141 and 142 are respectively arranged on the outer side faces, away from each other, of the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12, and an included angle between the polarizing directions of the polarizing plates 141 and 142 is 90 degrees; a transparent electrode 15 and a reflective layer 16 are arranged on the surface of the array substrate 12 opposite to the color film substrate 11, the area opposite to the transparent electrode 15 is a transmission area of the liquid crystal display, and the area opposite to the reflective layer 16 is a reflection area of the liquid crystal display. Wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 13 in the transmissive region and the reflective region is the same. The transmissive region adopts a normally white mode, and the reflective region adopts a SBTN (Sub-Twisted Nematic) normally white mode.
According to the transflective liquid crystal display provided by the embodiment of the invention, the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission area and the reflection area are the same, the transmission area adopts a normally white mode, the reflection area adopts an SBTN normally white mode, the transflective combination can be realized in the liquid crystal display, the contrast of a picture can be improved during image display, and the display quality of the picture is improved.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is a preferable mode of the embodiments of the present invention that the areas of the transmissive region and the reflective region are equal. The principle of implementation of the present invention will now be described by taking a TN (Twisted Nematic) normally white mode as an example of the transmissive region. In the TN normally white mode liquid crystal display, the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer is 90 °.
As shown in fig. 2, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the light entering the transmission region from the polarizer 142 becomes linearly polarized light, and due to the action of the alignment films (not shown) on the array substrate 12 and the color filter substrate 11, the linearly polarized light can just exit from the polarizer 141 after rotating 90 ° in the liquid crystal layer 13, so that the liquid crystal display panel appears in a bright state. For transflective liquid crystal displays, the transmissive and reflective regions should have the same bright or dark state when not powered or when powered.
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the linearly polarized light entering the reflective region from the polarizing plate 141 still becomes linearly polarized light when reaching the reflective layer 16, the polarization state remains unchanged after being reflected by the reflective layer 16, and the polarization state of the light after passing through the liquid crystal layer for the second time is consistent with that when entering the liquid crystal layer, and the light can exit from the polarizing plate 141, so that the liquid crystal display panel appears in a bright state.
The reflective layer can obtain the maximum reflectivity when the liquid crystal layer of the reflective region adopts a twist angle of 53 degrees. The principle of the reflective area in the liquid crystal display mode of the 53 SBTN type in the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below. The contents described below can be referred to a book of "liquid crystal optics and liquid crystal display" published by the scientific press.
Important parameters for TN mode liquid crystal cells include: liquid crystal twist angle phi, liquid crystal birefringence deltan, cell thickness d, etc.
The reflectance R of the reflective layer 16 in the TN mode liquid crystal display is expressed as:
wherein,
λ is the wavelength of the incident beam.
When in use (m 1, 2, 3.. times.), the reflectance R is maximum.
From (1) and (2) and the condition of the maximum reflectance, it is inferred that:
if Φ is 53 °, Δ nd is 0.50 μm, the reflectance of the reflective layer 16 is maximum in the non-energized state. When phi is 53 deg., Δ nd is 0.50 μm, an SBTN liquid crystal display is obtained.
The principle of operation of a 53 ° SBTN type liquid crystal cell can also be illustrated by the poincare (pengalite) sphere, as shown in fig. 3. Curves a and B in the figure represent the change in the director of the liquid crystal and the change in the polarization state of the light, respectively, when no voltage is applied. For the point representing the polarization state of the light, the point on the poincare sphere that falls on the equator indicates that the light is linearly polarized light, and the point that falls on the center of the circle indicates that the light is circularly polarized light. The light entering the liquid crystal layer from the polarizer 141 is very close to linearly polarized light as shown by point N1 in the figure. Still linearly polarized light upon reaching the reflective sheet, as shown by N2 in the figure, and just twisted by the twist angle of the liquid crystal molecules. On the return path, the trajectory of the polarization state of the light ray is opposite to that on the forward path, i.e., the polarization state of the light ray returns to the original state along the curve B, and then returns to the point N1, so that the emergent light just passes through the polarizing plate.
The most preferable way of the embodiment of the present invention is that the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region is 53 deg., and the corresponding optical retardation is 0.50 μm, i.e., the reflective region has the highest reflectivity at power-off in the 53 deg. SBTN mode. In practical manufacturing of the liquid crystal display, there are factors in transmittance, process, viewing angle, and the like, and thus, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region is 40 ° to 75 °, and the corresponding optical retardation is: 0.50 μm to 0.54 μm, in which case the reflective region has a high reflectivity in the off state and is in a bright state.
When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, since the transmissive region is in the TN mode, linearly polarized light obtained by the polarizing plate 142 passes through the liquid crystal layer 13 without changing its polarization state, and is blocked by the upper polarizing plate 141 and does not exit, and the liquid crystal display panel shows a dark state.
At this time, the linearly polarized light entering the reflective region from the polarizing plate 141 is converted into circularly polarized light by the liquid crystal layer 13, and the circularly polarized light reflected from the reflective layer is converted into linearly polarized light again by the liquid crystal layer 13, and is rotated by 90 ° with respect to the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizing plate 141 for the first time, and is blocked by the polarizing plate 141 and is not emitted, so that the liquid crystal display panel also exhibits a dark state. This result can also be seen by the poincar é sphere.
As shown in fig. 3, after the voltage is applied, the trajectory of the liquid crystal director is curve C, and the trajectory of the polarization state of the light is curve D. When the light encounters the reflector, the point representing the polarization state of the light falls almost exactly on the north pole (center of circle), i.e. it becomes circularly polarized. Then the light returning to the 180 ° equator of the poincare sphere, i.e. point N3, shows that the light reaching the polarizer 141 is linearly polarized but has a polarization direction at 90 ° to the polarization direction of the polarizer 141, and the light is blocked by the polarizer and the cell is in a dark state.
For the transmissive region, in addition to the TN normally white mode, in other embodiments of the present invention, an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) parallel alignment mode may be used. In the ECB parallel alignment mode, when the upper and lower polarizing plates are orthogonal, if a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, effective refractive index anisotropy in the liquid crystal layer varies with the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and thus an optical path difference varies. Thus, the transmitted light intensity can be controlled by the voltage, thereby realizing the synchronization of the bright state and the dark state of the liquid crystal display panel corresponding to the reflective region.
The transflective liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the invention can improve the contrast of a picture and the display quality of the picture when displaying an image because the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layer 13 in the transmission region and the reflection region are the same, thereby realizing transflective display under the condition of single cell thickness. The transflective liquid crystal display provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple manufacturing process, and compared with the traditional technology, the transflective liquid crystal display can reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency.
As shown in fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflective layer 16 and the transparent electrode 15 of the transflective lcd may be spaced apart from each other on the array substrate, so as to form a reflective layer and a transmissive layer in a stripe shape parallel to the data lines. The width of each region may include one pixel unit or a plurality of pixel units. In this case, different control voltages may be applied to the liquid crystal layers of the transmissive region and the reflective region. For example, the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive region is controlled with a voltage of 5V, and the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region is controlled with a voltage of 4.5V. To implement this scheme, different pixel voltages need to be applied to the pixel cells in the reflective area and the transmissive area. By adopting different voltages for modulation, the gray scales of the pictures in the transmission area and the reflection area can be adjusted to be consistent, and the picture display quality of the liquid crystal display is improved.
The transmission area adopts a TN (twisted nematic) normally white mode, and the reflection area adopts an SBTN type normally white mode. Similarly, in the embodiment, the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region may be 40 ° to 75 °.
The transparent electrode 15 and the reflective layer 16 may also be disposed at intervals as shown in fig. 5, thereby forming the transmissive region and the reflective region arranged at intervals, respectively. Similarly, in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmissive region and the reflective region are the same, the transmissive region adopts a TN normally white mode, and the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region is 40 ° to 75 °.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmissive region and the reflective region are respectively disposed in each pixel unit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, each pixel unit is divided into four regions on the array substrate, wherein the transparent electrode 15 is disposed in two regions, and a transmissive region is formed accordingly; the other two areas are provided with a reflective layer 16, forming reflective areas accordingly. The thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission area and the reflection area are the same, in each pixel unit, the transmission area adopts a TN normally white mode, and the reflection area adopts a TN normally white mode with the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer of 40-75 degrees.
The formation of the transmissive and reflective regions on a single pixel cell can be accomplished by existing masking techniques. The transparent electrode and the reflective layer may be formed separately in each pixel unit using a mask technique. The twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region and the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the transmission region can be different by matching with the mask technology, the photo-alignment technology and the like. And the number of the reflective regions and the transmissive regions provided in each pixel unit, and the size of the corresponding area of each region are not limited.
The embodiment can realize the combination of the transmission area and the reflection area in a single pixel unit, improve the contrast of a picture when displaying an image, improve the display quality of the picture, and realize transflective display under the condition of single box thickness. The embodiment of the invention has simple process, and compared with the traditional technology, the invention can reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A transflective liquid crystal display comprising: the array substrate is characterized by comprising a color film substrate and an array substrate which are arranged oppositely, polarizing films are respectively arranged on the outer side faces, deviating from each other, of the color film substrate and the array substrate, and the included angle between the polarizing directions of the polarizing films is 90 degrees; a transparent electrode and a reflecting layer are arranged on the surface of the array substrate opposite to the color film substrate, the area opposite to the transparent electrode is a transmission area of the liquid crystal display, and the area opposite to the reflecting layer is a reflecting area of the liquid crystal display;
the liquid crystal display panel is characterized in that the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers in the transmission region and the reflection region are the same; the transmission region adopts a normally white mode, the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the transmission region is 90 degrees, the reflection region adopts a low-twist nematic normally white mode, and the low-twist nematic refers to that the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region is 40-75 degrees.
2. The transflective liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the transmissive area and the reflective area are equal in area in a display area of the liquid crystal display.
3. The transflective liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the reflective regions and the transmissive regions are spaced apart from each other in a display region of the liquid crystal display, and the number of the reflective regions and the number of the transmissive regions are equal.
4. The transflective liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the transmissive region and the reflective region have equal areas in each pixel cell.
5. The transflective liquid crystal display according to claim 4, wherein the number of the transmissive regions and the reflective regions is equal in each pixel unit.
6. The transflective liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the transmissive and reflective regions are disposed in stripes spaced parallel to the data lines in a display region of the liquid crystal display, and control voltages of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive and reflective regions are different.
7. A transflective liquid crystal display according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the twist angle of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region is 53 °.
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| CN102629034B (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-11-12 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Semi-transmitting half-reflection liquid crystal display and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN203376537U (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2014-01-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Half-transmission and half-reflection liquid crystal display panel and display device |
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| CN1866087A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2006-11-22 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Single-gap transflective liquid crystal display panel and method for improving its optical characteristics |
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Owner name: BEIJING BOE PHOTOELECTRICITY SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY Effective date: 20150706 Owner name: JINGDONGFANG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BEIJING BOE PHOTOELECTRICITY SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150706 |
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Effective date of registration: 20150706 Address after: 100015 Jiuxianqiao Road, Beijing, No. 10, No. Patentee after: BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing BOE Photoelectricity Science & Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100176 No. 8 West Central Road, Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing BOE Photoelectricity Science & Technology Co., Ltd. |