CN101832553A - Water injection type high-pressure combustion method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water injection type high-pressure combustion method. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a water injection hole (4) at one end of a combustion section (7) close to a head part (1); injecting a certain quantity of water to a combustion chamber (10) from the water injection hole (4); enabling fuel oil to enter the combustion chamber (10) from an oil nozzle (3) and compressed air to enter the combustion chamber (10) from an air distributor (2); communicating a working end of an igniter (5) to the combustion chamber (10); igniting a mixture of the fuel oil and air by using an igniter (5); and injecting a certain quantity of water into the combustion chamber (10) from the water injection hole (4). The method has strong reliability and easy operation, and the service life of equipment is obviously prolonged.

Description

Water injection high pressure combustion method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for a high-pressure mixed gas generating device used in petroleum thermal exploitation, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation equipment.

Background technique

The oil extraction process can be roughly divided into primary oil recovery, secondary oil recovery and multiple oil recovery. Steam recovery is a typical multiple oil recovery process. Steam oil recovery uses the heating effect of thermal energy to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and at the same time increase the pressure of the oil layer to a certain extent, thereby improving the oil recovery rate of the oil well.

Since the early 1980s, the practice of using steam thermal recovery technology in my country's oilfields has shown that this technology is more suitable for the low production cycle range of oil layers in formations above 800m. During the production process, the formation pressure continues to drop. After 6 to 8 cycles of production, the formation pressure of the oil well loses 70% to 90%, that is, the potential energy necessary for thermal recovery is lost, resulting in low recovery energy of the oil well, especially a large number of dense oil wells. After the oil well entered the high cycle of thermal recovery, it was forced to shut down the well because it was lower than the economic limit of thermal recovery.

There are still many deficiencies in the steam thermal recovery technology characterized by high-pressure steam boilers. For example: smoke exhaust not only causes large heat loss, but also causes environmental pollution; equipment investment and operating costs are high; especially the mobility of the whole set of equipment is extremely poor, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of dispersed oil well operations.

In view of the shortcomings of steam thermal recovery technology in the recovery of high-period thermal recovery, deep oil layers, and viscous oil reservoirs, in recent years, a new crude oil thermal recovery technology-composite media (that is, a mixture of flue gas and water vapor) has been proposed. ) thermal recovery method, also known as gas-steam thermal recovery, or simply referred to as mixed gas thermal recovery.

Compared with the above-mentioned steam boiler thermal recovery technology, the Chinese patent application number is CN00210830.5, and the name is "Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Steam and Gas Mixed Gas Injection Device", and the Chinese patent application number is CN03278103.2, and the name is "Petroleum Thermal Recovery Mixed gas injection device ", Chinese patent application number is CN200420054883.6, title is called " multifunctional high-pressure high-efficiency burner " has all had certain improvement in every respect successively. However, these patented devices still have deficiencies in structural design, which brings many difficulties to practical applications. Typically: the temperature in the combustion chamber is too high (about 2000°C), and under the condition of high oil well back pressure (as is usually the case in practice), ① the high temperature center of the flame in the combustion chamber gradually moves to the fire-facing surface of the head, and the head The parts are easily burned (such as the end face of the fire, the ignition head of the igniter, the atomizer of the oil nozzle, etc.); The use effect of the lining is significantly reduced, thus greatly shortening the service life of the burner (or gas injector) (sometimes less than one gas injection working day). And so on, eventually leading to the reliability and economy of the operation of the gas injection device are seriously affected.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water-injection high-pressure combustion method with high reliability, easy operation and long service life for the exploitation of petroleum, especially heavy oil.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the water-injection high-pressure combustion method provided by the present invention is: the method is used in a water-injection high-pressure combustion device, and the water-injection high-pressure combustion device includes a head, a combustion section, and a mixing section. Among them, the combustion section is located in the middle of the water-injection high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section is connected to the head, and the other end is connected to the mixing section; the head is provided with an air distributor, an oil nozzle, and a water injection hole for ignition. The combustion section is a cylindrical structure, the middle of which is the combustion chamber, the outside of the combustion chamber is a heat insulation jacket, the outside of the heat insulation jacket is a cooling water jacket, and the cooling water jacket is equipped with a cooling water jacket inlet joint; the mixing section It is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber, which is equipped with a muffler cover. The end of the mixing section connected with the combustion section is equipped with a thermostat, and a thermostat inlet is provided at the thermostat. Joints, shrink bushings, one end of the shrinking bush is connected with the inlet joint of the thermostat, and the other end is connected with the muffler cover; the outlet flange is located at the outer end of the mixing section;

The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps:

A water injection hole is set at the end of the combustion section near the head, and a certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber through the water injection hole, fuel oil enters the combustion chamber from the oil nozzle, compressed air enters the combustion chamber from the air distributor, and the working end of the igniter Leading to the combustion chamber, the fuel and air mixture is ignited by the igniter, a certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber from the water injection hole, and after absorbing a certain amount of heat in the combustion chamber, the temperature in the combustion chamber drops from about 2000 ° C to 1500 ~ 1600 ° C , and then enter the thermostat to meet the cooling water; another stream of water enters the cooling water jacket in the combustion section from the inlet joint of the cooling water jacket, and then enters the thermostat through the nozzle hole of the thermostat to meet with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, mixing The air flow enters the muffler cover through the shrink bush, enters the mixing chamber after muffled noise and vibration, and enters the oil well pipeline through the outlet flange after mixing evenly.

After injecting a certain amount of water, the working temperature of the combustion chamber is 1500°C-1600°C.

Beneficial effect:

1. Since the amount of water injected absorbs a certain amount of combustion heat, the working temperature in the combustion section is greatly reduced (from about 2000 ° C without water injection to 1500 ~ 1600 ° C after water injection). The working temperature of the head, the body of the combustion section and the main components of the gas mixture generating device can be kept within the allowable range of the material, thus effectively improving the working stability of the device and prolonging the continuous working cycle, making the device an effective Finalized products put on the market.

2. After water injection, since the working temperature in the combustion chamber can be maintained at 1500-1600°C, the temperature level in the combustion chamber can still be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel, and its combustion efficiency can still reach almost 100%. Moreover, the amount of injected water and the heat contained in it are still kept in the gas mixture, therefore, the thermal efficiency of the device is still maintained, so that the device can realize high efficiency, energy saving and long-term safe operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Head 1, air distributor 2, oil nozzle 3, water injection hole 4, igniter 5, wind cap 6, combustion section 7, heat insulation jacket 8, cooling water jacket 9, combustion chamber 10, thermostat inlet joint 11, mixing Section 12, muffler cover 13, mixing chamber 14, outlet flange 15, shrink bush 16, thermostat 17, cooling water jacket inlet joint 18.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method for the oil thermal recovery gas injection high-pressure mixed gas generating device, which can create a reliable, easy-to-operate, long service life (main components can be continuous) for the recovery of oil, especially heavy oil. Work 8000 hours), energy-saving and efficient alternative new technology.

The device uses diesel oil, crude oil, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas and compressed air to produce high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas mixed with water, thereby producing temperature and humidity that can be adjusted according to requirements, mainly composed of N2, CO2, water vapor (H2O) of the gas mixture. The mixed gas generating device is mainly used in the thermal exploitation of petroleum. The mixed gas generated by the mixed gas generating device can be directly injected into the oil well, which can effectively improve the recovery rate of oil, especially heavy oil, and is an alternative to the traditional high-pressure steam Boiler is a new oil extraction process with technical characteristics.

Referring to Fig. 1, the water-injection high-pressure burner provided by the present invention is used in a water-injection high-pressure combustion device, and the water-injection high-pressure combustion device includes three parts: a head 1, a combustion section 7, and a mixing section 12, wherein the combustion Section 7 is located in the middle of the water injection high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section 7 is connected to the head 1, and the other end is connected to the mixing section 13; the head 1 is provided with an air distributor 2, an oil nozzle 3, and a water injection hole 4 , igniter 5, air cap 6; combustion section 7 is a cylindrical structure, in the middle of which is a combustion chamber 10, the outer side of the combustion chamber 10 is a heat insulation jacket 8, the outer side of the heat insulation jacket 8 is a cooling water jacket 9, and the cooling water jacket 9 There is a cooling water jacket inlet joint 18 on it; the mixing section 12 is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber 14, and a muffler cover 13 is arranged in the mixing chamber 14, and the mixing section 13 is connected to the combustion section 7 One end is provided with a thermostat 17, and the thermostat 17 is provided with a thermostat inlet joint 11 and a shrinking bushing 16. One end of the shrinking bushing 16 is connected to the thermostat inlet joint 11, and the other end is connected to the silencer. The cover 13 is connected; the outlet flange 15 is located at the outer end of the mixing section 13;

The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps:

A water injection hole 4 is set at the end of the combustion section 7 close to the head 1, and a certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber 10 from the water injection hole 4, and the fuel enters the combustion chamber 10 from the oil nozzle 3, and the compressed air enters from the air distributor 2 The combustion chamber 10, the working end of the igniter 5 also leads to the combustion chamber 10, the fuel and air mixture is ignited by the igniter 5, a certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber 10 from the water injection hole 4, after absorbing a certain amount of heat in the combustion chamber 10 , so that the temperature in the combustion chamber 10 drops from about 2000 ° C to 1500 ~ 1600 ° C, and then enters the thermostat 17 to merge with the cooling water; another stream of water enters the cooling water jacket 9 in the combustion section 7 from the cooling water jacket inlet joint 18 , and then enter the thermostat 17 through the spray hole of the thermostat 17 to merge with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas. The mixed gas enters the muffler cover 13 through the necking bush 16, and enters the mixing chamber 14 after noise reduction and vibration reduction. Flange 15 enters the oil well pipeline.

After entering a certain amount of water, the working temperature of the combustion chamber 10 is 1500°C-1600°C.

When this embodiment is working, the fuel and air enter the combustion chamber 10, atomize and mix, and are ignited by the igniter 5. After complete combustion, high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated. After a certain amount of water is injected to absorb part of the combustion heat, the work in the combustion section 7 The temperature is stabilized at 1500-1600°C, and then enters the thermostat 17 to merge with cooling water. Another stream of water enters the combustion section 7 from the inlet joint 18 of the cooling water jacket, passes through the cooling water jacket 9 and then enters the thermostat from its outlet through the spray hole of the thermostat 17 to merge with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas. This mixed gas enters the muffler cover 13 through the necking bush 16, and enters the mixing chamber 14 after the muffler and vibration reduction, and enters the oil well pipeline through the outlet flange 15 after mixing evenly.

Claims (2)

1. A water injection type high pressure combustion method is characterized in that: the method is used for a water injection type high pressure combustion device, and this water injection type high pressure combustion device comprises a head (1), a combustion section (7), a mixing section (12) three One part, wherein, the combustion section (7) is located in the middle of the water injection type high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section (7) is connected with the head (1), and the other end is connected with the mixing section (13); at the head (1 ) is equipped with an air distribution device (2), oil nozzle (3), water injection hole (4), igniter (5), wind cap (6); the combustion section (7) is a cylindrical structure with a combustion chamber (10), the outer side of the combustion chamber (10) is a heat insulation jacket (8), the outer side of the heat insulation jacket (8) is a cooling water jacket (9), and the cooling water jacket (9) is provided with a cooling water jacket inlet joint (18 ); mixing section (1 2) It is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber (14). The mixing chamber (14) is provided with a muffler cover (13), and the end of the mixing section (13) connected to the combustion section (7) A thermostat (17) is provided, and the thermostat (17) is provided with a thermostat inlet joint (11), a shrinking bush (16), and one end of the shrinking bush (16) is connected to the thermostat inlet joint (11) is connected with, and the other end is connected with the muffler cover (13); the outlet flange (15) is positioned at the outer end of the mixing section (13); The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps: A water injection hole (4) is provided at the end of the combustion section (7) close to the head (1), and a certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber (10) from the water injection hole (4), and the fuel enters from the oil nozzle (3) Combustion chamber (10), compressed air enters the combustion chamber (10) from the air distribution device (2), and the working end of the igniter (5) also leads to the combustion chamber (10), and the fuel and air mixture is ignited by the igniter (5) A certain amount of water is injected into the combustion chamber (10) from the water injection hole (4), and after absorbing a certain amount of heat in the combustion chamber (10), the temperature in the combustion chamber (10) drops from about 2000°C to 1500-1600°C , and then enter the thermostat (17) to merge with the cooling water; another stream of water enters the cooling water jacket (9) in the combustion section (7) from the cooling water jacket inlet joint (18), and then passes through the thermostat (17) The nozzle hole enters the thermostat (17) and merges with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and the mixed air flows through the necking bush (16) and enters the muffler cover (13), and enters the mixing chamber (14) after sound dampening and vibration reduction, and is mixed evenly by the outlet Flange (15) enters oil well pipeline. 2. The water-injection high-pressure combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that: after a certain amount of water is injected, the working temperature of the combustion chamber (10) is 1500°C-1600°C.