CN101830353B - Device for conveying material by a horizontal impeller feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for conveying material, in particular conveying and/or distributing loose material by means of a horizontal impeller feeder comprising an impeller ( 1), which can be rotated about a vertical axis of rotation, wherein the material to be conveyed by the horizontal impeller feeder is introduced into the impeller from above the impeller housing, conveyed in the horizontal direction inside the impeller housing and guided downwards from the impeller housing, wherein the impeller The housing (2) is arranged between the top plate (3) and the bottom plate (4), including at least two feeding ports (11) on the top plate for introducing materials to be conveyed and at least two inlets (11) for exporting materials to be conveyed on the bottom plate. a discharge port (12).

Description

Device for conveying material via horizontal impeller feeder

technical field

The invention relates to a device for conveying material through a horizontal impeller feeder.

Background technique

Impeller feeders are typically used to convey or feed dripping and/or flowing bulk material from a container, such as a round tower silo or silo, to a subsequent mechanical or pneumatic conveying device. In the case of bulk materials, many different mixtures come to mind, ranging from granules to powders or ashes in terms of particle size. In addition, the impeller feeder, as part of a complex conveying system, also undertakes the task of relieving the container pressure of the material to be conveyed for the subsequent conveying device, wherein it also ensures that the individual materials (especially loose materials) Volumetrically continuous delivery for accurate dispensing. In addition, the impeller feeder is generally able to equalize the pressure difference which develops between the inlet region and the outlet region before and after the impeller feeder.

Various implementations of horizontal impeller feeders are known. The invention relates to horizontal impeller feeders, for example in the embodiment of so-called blow feeders (Durchblasschleuse) or so-called belt feeders (Auftragsschleuse), which are preferably suitable for conveying powdery or ash-like bulk materials . As the mixture to be conveyed, especially coal ash, it is fed from the round tower silo into the conveying pipe of the pneumatic conveying device.

According to the prior art, the mode of operation of such horizontal impeller feeders is based on an externally driven rotor (a so-called impeller) comprising a given number of rotor blades, the shaft of which is housed in a housing with a precision fit. A corresponding number of rotor cells, further referred to as cells of the impeller of the impeller feeder, are formed between the rotor blades and the casing, which rotate about the axis of rotation. During the rotation of the impeller, the material to be conveyed by the horizontal impeller feeder is sucked through the first opening as the inlet of the impeller feeder, and conveyed to the second opening on the opposite side of the inlet of the impeller shaft , that is, the discharge port. For this purpose, the feed opening is aligned with the storage container, eg opening upwards and flanged under the round tower storage bin, or with the feed funnel. The discharge opening is usually aligned with the discharge connection arranged below it, via which a further plant part is connected, for example a subsequent conveying device.

According to the prior art, the horizontal impeller feeder is usually provided with a single feed port and a single discharge port, wherein the discharge connection device is misplaced under the central shaft. However, it is often inconvenient to assemble the horizontal impeller feeder in the equipment in this way.

Furthermore, the conveying efficiency is determined by the quantity of the substance to be conveyed and the rotational speed of the rotor or the impeller cells, which can receive the substance. A volumetrically continuous conveying is provided at a constant impeller rotational speed, which also enables precise conveying and/or dispensing of the bulk material.

Further, the horizontal impeller feeder is characterized by a vertical axis of rotation, wherein the material to be conveyed is conveyed in a horizontal direction within the housing. In addition, the feeder has a vertically downward blower for the impeller cells to be emptied as a transfer aid.

Horizontal impeller feeders in the form of blow feeders usually only use pneumatic conveying, wherein the pneumatic conveying pipe usually passes directly through the impeller chamber to be emptied.

Typically, impeller feeders have a large impeller diameter and housing compared to impeller height to ensure adequate filling and emptying of the impeller cells. At the same time, the maximum peripheral speed of the impeller in the device is limited due to the physically required filling time and for safety reasons in the device for conveying combustible bulk materials. The theoretical delivery volume is the product of the volume of the impeller cell and the number of revolutions of the impeller. A correspondingly larger impeller diameter must therefore be selected corresponding to the desired delivery rate. In order to achieve good, efficient dispensing results, small housing gaps are necessary. Consequently, with progressively increasing diameters, it becomes increasingly difficult and expensive to manufacture the housing parts with corresponding precision requirements. In the process, a continuous flow of bulk material is often necessary. Therefore, another drawback of the known embodiment is the limitation of the minimum conveying intensity and consequently the distribution range achieved by the pulsed conveying of the loose material, because at small revolutions, the next filled impeller compartment Before the chamber reaches the discharge port, the chamber of the impeller to be emptied must be completely emptied.

Contents of the invention

It is therefore the object of the present invention to effectively overcome at least the aforementioned difficulties and to meet the requirements of the prior art.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an alternative way of increasing the delivery rate when using horizontal impeller feeders. Another object is in particular to reduce the size requirements and thus to keep the housing gaps small in order to achieve a good and effective dispensing effect. A further object is in particular to reduce the pulsation effects that occur at low delivery intensities and thus to increase the distribution range.

A device according to the features of claim 1 presents the solution of the invention. Advantageous further developments and embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

Accordingly, the invention proposes a device for conveying material, in particular for conveying and distributing loose material by means of a horizontal impeller feeder, characterized in that the impeller casing is arranged between a top plate and a bottom plate, wherein the device comprises a top plate There are at least two feed ports on the top for introducing materials to be conveyed and at least two discharge ports on the bottom plate for leading out materials to be conveyed.

A major advantage of the present invention over the prior art is that the ratio of the diameter of the impeller to the conveying volume is improved by the two inlets on the top plate and the two outlets on the bottom plate, so that compared with the traditional horizontal impeller Compared with the feeder, it provides double the conveying volume with the same construction size.

In the actual embodiment, it is necessary that each feed port and each discharge port are misplaced at a certain angle on the rotating shaft, so as to avoid overlapping of the feed port and the discharge port in the vertical direction. Thus, after the substance to be conveyed has been introduced into the feed opening, before it leaves the discharge opening, it is at least briefly valve-like enclosed in a compartment in order to compensate for the pressure difference.

Suitably, the section of the top plate between all inlets is the same size and the section of the floor between all outlets is the same size. Since the feed ports are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the material to be conveyed is more evenly sucked out of the round tower silo or feed funnel compared to a single-sided feed port or a plurality of non-uniformly arranged feed ports. Imported horizontal impeller feeder.

In an optional embodiment, it is proposed that the outlets are distributed around the vertical axis of rotation in such a way that there is a certain interval for uniform distribution. The spacer is, for example, the opening angle of one impeller cell divided by the number of outlets. Thus, in the case of two discharge openings, an oppositely arranged spacing is half the opening angle of the impeller cell. In this case, the impeller cells alternately reach the sides of the discharge opening, thereby reducing the tendency for pulsating loose material transport, especially at lower impeller speeds.

Another significant advantage of the present invention over the prior art is the reduced, eg halved, pulsation effect compared to conventional horizontal impeller feeders.

If the inlet device arranged above the impeller housing and the outlet connection device arranged below the impeller housing are arranged coaxially with the impeller housing respectively, the device of the present invention is generally easier to integrate into the equipment.

In an expedient refinement it is further provided that the impeller housing forms a radially closed chamber, so that the impeller located therein is sealed radially outward. The advantage here is, in particular, that the avoidance of radial gaps reduces leakage air in the subsequent conveyance of the pressurized conveying line.

If, in a further design, the bottom plate has a gap radially between the impeller and the impeller housing, which is equipped with an air flushing channel of the impeller housing in the direction of the outlet connection arranged below the impeller housing, then in In particular, with radially closed impellers, loose material which may have accumulated in the radial gap between the impeller and the impeller housing can be removed in a simple manner.

Furthermore, it is proposed in a particularly efficient and simple manner to provide spacer plates on the support of the impeller hub relative to the rotor shaft and/or spacer plates between the impeller housing and the top plate for the adjustment of the axial wheel play, or There is an adjustable screw connection device between the top plate and the impeller casing.

In practice it has also proven to be advantageous to have a drive motor arranged on one side, which drives the rotor shaft arranged coaxially with the impeller housing.

The rotor shaft preferably drives both the impeller and the stirrer arranged above the impeller housing.

In order to protect the drive unit, it is further proposed that the rotor shaft is arranged on the base plate by means of the bearing unit and the sealing unit, and that the drive chain in the base plate extends from the drive motor to the rotor shaft, which chain is protected against dust by means of a cover plate, the cover The plate faces the discharge connection arranged below the impeller housing.

Description of drawings

Further features and advantages of the invention are elucidated by the following description of examples of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a horizontal impeller feeder according to the present invention from a side and partially sectioned perspective;

Figure 2 shows a sketch of the horizontal impeller feeder according to Figure 1 in top view, with the feed funnel and agitator omitted for perspective reasons; and

Figure 3 shows a sketch of a horizontal impeller feeder similar to the horizontal impeller feeder shown in Figure 1 in a top view, wherein the inlet and outlet are distributed around the vertical axis in such a way that evenly distributed Certain compartments, feed funnel and stirrer omitted for clarity.

reference sign

1. Impeller

2. Shell

3. Top plate

4. Bottom plate

5. Feed funnel

6. Stirrer

7. Rotor shaft

8. Drive the engine

9. Drive chain

10. Bearing and sealing unit

11. Feeding port

12. Outlet

13. Impeller cell blower device and radial gap

14. Collection funnel for outlet connection

15. Connecting sleeve of the discharge connection device

16. Leakage

Detailed ways

Figures 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of a horizontal impeller feeder according to the invention, which is integrated in a device for conveying material, in particular conveying and/or distributing loose material, so The devices described above are only partially shown in the figures. As seen in the figure, the horizontal impeller feeder has an impeller 1, which is arranged in the impeller housing 2, which is rotatable around a vertical rotation axis, wherein the material to be conveyed by the horizontal impeller feeder is fed from above the impeller housing as The arrow indicated by "Z" is directed towards the impeller, is conveyed horizontally within the impeller housing, and is directed downward from the impeller housing as indicated by the arrow indicated by "E". According to the present invention, the impeller casing 2 is arranged between the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 4, which includes at least two inlets 11 on the top plate for introducing the material to be conveyed, and at least two inlets 11 for discharging the material to be conveyed on the bottom plate. Two outlets 12.

Coaxial with the impeller housing and above the impeller housing, the feed funnel 5 is arranged, while below the impeller housing, also coaxially with the impeller housing, there is an outlet connection, which in the illustrated embodiment has The collection funnel 14 and the connection socket 15 , via which further, but not shown, plant components are connected, such as further conveying devices. In addition, the material inlet 11 is staggered around the rotation axis relative to the material outlet 12 at a predetermined angle, so as to avoid vertical overlap between the material inlet and the material outlet. The horizontal impeller feeder shown in the figure thus offers a central infeed-and-outfeed area and is particularly suitable for the distribution of dripping loose materials in unpressurized and pressurized spaces, such as pneumatic conveying pipes.

The loose material reaches the top plate 3 through the feeding funnel 5 . There, the bulk material is distributed via the stirrer 6 to the feed opening 11 . The impeller 1 is located below the top plate, it receives the loose material and conveys it to the outlet 12 which is located in the bottom plate 4 .

In order to distribute and convey the material to be conveyed evenly, it is expedient for the top section between all feed openings to be equally large and for the floor section between all discharge openings to be equally large.

In the embodiment shown, the top plate 3 has two and preferably oppositely arranged inlet openings 11, and the bottom plate also has two substantially oppositely arranged outlet openings 12, however the outlet openings are suitably opposite to the inlet openings. 11 is offset at an angle of about 90° around the axis of rotation.

The loose material is evenly distributed into the two feed ports by the agitator 6, so that the impeller 1 transports the received loose material to two oppositely arranged discharge ports 12 on a horizontal plane in a rotation direction of about 90°.

In the modified embodiment according to FIG. 3 , two feed openings 11 and two discharge openings 12 are again provided, while the feed and discharge openings 11 and 12 are arranged so that they are distributed around the vertical axis in such a way that The average distribution has a certain interval. The spacer preferably corresponds here to an opening angle of the impeller cell divided by the number of outlet openings. According to FIG. 3 , the opposite outlet opening 12 is offset by exactly half of the impeller cell opening angle α.

Therefore, the loose material is distributed into the two feed ports by the agitator 6, so that the impeller 1 transports the received loose material from the feed port to the two discharge ports 12 at a rotation angle of about 90° in a horizontal plane. Via the α/2 spacing of each pair of inlet and outlet openings, the impeller compartments alternately reach the sides of the outlet openings, wherein the pulsed bulk material conveying is particularly effective at low impeller speeds Trend is lowered.

For the residual evacuation of the impeller cells, the cells are evacuated with a compressed air support 13 through tuyeres arranged on the discharge opening. The compressed air can expediently be obtained from existing pneumatic conveying lines. The loose material thus reaches the discharge-collecting funnel 14 and leaves the device at the discharge-connection socket 15 .

The impeller 1 is designed to be radially closed at the periphery. A sealing gap with respect to the base plate and the top plate is thus provided only in the axial direction on the upper side and the lower side. The radial gap between the impeller and the housing 2 is not a sealing gap and therefore has no particular requirements for dimensional accuracy. Bulk material which may have reached there through leakage losses can thus be conveyed by the compressed air support 13 via the orifice 16 to the collecting funnel 14 .

The impeller is expediently driven together with the stirrer via the rotor shaft 7 . A drive motor 8 , preferably arranged on one side, drives a drive chain 9 , which in turn drives the rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is arranged on the base plate with a bearing and sealing unit 10 for protection purposes. The structural design of such a bearing and sealing unit arranged in the base plate to provide sufficient protection is known to those skilled in the art, so details thereof will not be repeated here. The drive chain preferably runs in the base plate and is protected against dust by a cover towards the collecting funnel 14 .

In order to adjust the axial impeller gap, a spacer plate is especially provided on the support of the impeller hub relative to the rotor shaft. The spacer can adjust the scale of the lower gap. The upper gap dimension of the top plate can likewise be adjusted in a simple manner via a spacer between the housing and the top plate or via an adjustable screw connection.

The invention has decisive advantages over the prior art. The at least double infeed and outfeed embodiment makes it possible to achieve a higher conveying efficiency with the same construction size and to significantly reduce costs. Therefore, compared with a single-side feed port, the two oppositely arranged feed ports suck the material out of the round tower silo or feed funnel more evenly. At a certain angle, for example, at half the opening angle of the impeller cell, offsetting the oppositely arranged discharge openings will reduce the tendency of pulse transmission at low conveying forces and thus expand the possibilities at a certain construction size delivery range. In addition, the construction of process machines with axially arranged infeed and outfeed regions is generally easier to integrate into the plant than those with axially spaced regions.

It is also advantageous if the device according to the invention has radially closed impellers in order to reduce air leakage during conveying in pressurized conveying lines by avoiding radial gaps. Due to the described openings in the bottom plate, which provide a plurality of air flushing channels in the direction of the outflow connection under the impeller housing, it is however possible to connect the impeller to the impeller housing by air flushing in a rather simple manner. In the radial slots, loose material deposits that may have occurred, for example in the discharge collection funnel 14 shown in the drawing, are removed.

The present invention further realizes, for example, in the range of coal ash distribution, the manufacturing cost of casing parts and impellers is reduced under the premise of the same conveying efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. A device that utilizes a horizontal impeller feeder to transport materials, wherein the horizontal impeller feeder includes an impeller (1) arranged in the impeller housing (2), and the impeller revolves around a shaft perpendicular to the horizontal plane Rotation, wherein the material to be conveyed by the horizontal impeller feeder is introduced into the impeller from above the impeller housing, conveyed in the horizontal direction in the impeller housing and led out from the impeller housing downwards, characterized in that the impeller The housing (2) is arranged between the top plate (3) and the bottom plate (4), wherein the device comprises at least two feed ports (11) on the top plate for introducing materials to be conveyed and on the bottom plate for leading out materials to be conveyed at least two outlets (12), and the impeller housing constitutes a radially closed chamber, so that the impeller in the impeller housing is sealed radially outward, wherein the bottom plate is Radially between the impeller and the impeller housing there is a leak (16) which is equipped with an air flushing channel of the impeller housing in the direction of the discharge connection (14, 15) arranged below the impeller housing. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections of the top plate between all the inlets are of the same size, and the sections of the bottom plate between all the outlets are of the same size. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the feed inlet (11) and the discharge outlet (12) are distributed around the axis of rotation perpendicular to the horizontal plane so that there is a certain interval. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the interval area corresponds to the opening angle of one impeller cell divided by the number of the discharge openings (12). 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the feed device (5) arranged above the impeller casing and the discharge connecting device (14) arranged below the impeller casing , 15) are arranged coaxially with the impeller casing respectively. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, to adjust the axial impeller gap, a spacer plate is provided on the bracket of the impeller hub relative to the rotor shaft (7) driving the impeller. 7. The device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that a spacer plate is provided between the impeller casing and the top plate for adjusting the axial impeller gap, or an adjustable screw connection device is provided, the The threaded connection device is used for threaded connection between the top plate and the impeller shell. 8. The device according to the preceding claim 6, characterized in that a drive motor (8) is provided on one side of the device, said drive motor driving the rotor shaft arranged coaxially with the impeller housing. 9. Device according to the preceding claim 6, characterized in that the rotor shaft also drives an agitator (6) arranged above the impeller housing. 10. The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotor shaft is arranged by means of a bearing and sealing unit (10) on a base plate in which a drive chain (9) extends from the drive motor to the rotor shaft , the chain is protected against dust by means of a cover plate facing the discharge connection device (14, 15) arranged below the impeller housing.

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