Helium platform mine low-altitude transportation device
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the transportation technology field, particularly a kind of helium platform mine low-altitude transportation device.
Background technology:
The open-pit mine stope transportation mode is divided into: vehicular transport, railway transportation, belt conveyer transportation and by the intermodel transportation mode of variety of way combination etc., a kind of more than at present both at home and abroad open cast mine substantially all uses in several transportation modes, the working process of these transportation modes may be summarized to be: pass through scoper, frontloader or excavating machine are filled to rock shovel in ore deposit in the transportation device, and the circuit through laying be transported to the hole outside unload ore deposit point or ore dressing plant, hauling operation is the pith of opencast mining work, the capital expenditure of mine haulage system accounts for more than 60% of total capital investment cost according to statistics, the hauling operation cost accounts for 40%~60% of ore extraction cost, the labor content of hauling operation accounts for more than 50% of the total labor content of ore extraction, and any change of transport systems all can cause having an opencast mining of the great change of technology.
Traditional open-pit mine stope transport systems has the following disadvantages:
1) in order to improve output, transportation equipment is increasing, and transport routes are more and more wideer, and transport routes take a large amount of soils, and capex is higher, wherein:
Vehicular transport efficient is lower, needs to be transported to the destination through ring road, has increased transportation range, also to reserve and uncouple etc., and (application of load carrying ability 150~220t) has increased the rational transportation distance of vehicular transport, and transport is subjected to weather effect big along with the large-scale mine automobile.
In the locomotive transportation, require line slope little, thereby haul distance is longer, and the track of laying is comparatively fixing, along with the carrying out of exploitation work need constantly be laid new transportation route;
2) required transportation equipment quantity, acquisition expenses, cost of transportation, maintenance cost get more and more, wherein:
Required truck quantity is many in the vehicular transport, and truck is purchased with maintenance cost bigger, the cost of transportation height.In the belt transportation mode, the belt wearing and tearing are more serious;
3) energy problem uses the automobile and a large amount of energy of train traffic requirements consumption, and environmental pollution is big, and CO2 emissions are big, are unfavorable for building the environmental protection mine;
4) belt transportation needs ore is carried out fragmentation, and semi-mobile crushing plant need be set, and makes transport become complicated, has improved cost simultaneously.For tape transport system, dust control by ventilation also is one of difficult point;
5) limit group maintenance is big, and along with adopting dark increase, the exploitation boundary is increasing, and stripping-to-ore ratio is also increasing.
Summary of the invention:
Deficiency at prior art exists the invention provides a kind of helium platform mine low-altitude transportation device, by helium platform open cast mine is carried out low-altitude transportation, to reach the minimizing energy consumption, the purpose of protection environment.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that this device comprises air bag, fairing, steelframe, solar panel, watch-dog, light equipment, mooring hawser anchor fitting, winch, promote hawser, the ore hopper, the mooring hawser, the winch cable, the solar power transmission cable, the loading hawser, the loading machine capstan winch, the unloading hawser, fixing noose, storage cable equipment, controller for solar, battery pack, electric supply installation, the winch control cabin, pressure controling chamber, pressure sensor, lightning protection and capstan winch.
The connection of this device is: air bag parcel steelframe, fairing covers on the air bag, the mooring hawser is made up of many steel ropes, connect mooring hawser anchor fitting in all directions respectively, mooring hawser anchor fitting is fixed on around the steelframe, tension and fixation balloon, the winch cable, the solar power transmission cable connects mooring hawser anchor fitting together with the mooring hawser, be winch, the electric energy that light equipment provides electric energy and transmission solar panel to produce, at the fixing a plurality of winchs in steelframe bottom, winch connects the ore hopper by promoting hawser, on the steelframe above the winch, watch-dog is installed, the working condition of monitoring winch, light equipment is installed around steelframe, above the helium platform air bag, settle solar panel, the loading machine capstan winch connects the lifting hawser by the loading hawser, fixedly noose is installed in and promotes on the hawser, be connected with the ore dressing field by the unloading hawser, storage cable equipment, controller for solar, battery pack, electric supply installation is connected mooring hawser anchor fitting with the winch control cabin by the mooring hawser, the end that capstan winch is installed in the mooring hawser is connected with storage cable equipment, and lightning protection is installed at the air bag top.
Described air bag comprises main gasbag and balloonet, and main gasbag is used to store lift gas, and utricule bears the external load that acts on the balloon and comprises aerodynamic force, gravity loading, inertia loading and concentrated load, charges into gas inside and determines its shape and rigidity.Balloonet is used to regulate the pressure of spheroid, makes spheroid remain rigidity preferably.The balloonet stored air is in balloon lift-off, stagnate sky and decline, by filling the profile that emptying gas is adjusted the attitude of balloon and kept utricule;
Described fairing is used for protecting ball to carry the influence that equipment is avoided air dynamic load and atmosphere, improves the balloon aeroperformance simultaneously, and pressure-sealing zipper is equipped with in the fairing below, the dismounting and the maintenance of convenient inner erecting equipment;
Described steelframe is used for carrying the various conveying arrangements on the helium platform;
Pressure in the described pressure monitor sensor air bag, and detected data are reached ground-surface pressure controling chamber, through regulating the helium platform internal pressure by balloonet after the data analysis;
Described watch-dog operating personal passes through the mode of operation of camera head monitor winch, and can in time pinpoint the problems;
Described mooring hawser is used for mooring and traction balloon, finishes the lift-off and the recovery of spheroid, gives power devices on the balloon platform, keeps simultaneously communicating by letter with ground-surface on the ball, and the mooring hawser is made of jointly a main push-towing rope rope and many auxiliary cables;
Described capstan winch is when stranded cable, and balloon is retracted to ground under the take-up force of capstan winch, and during the capstan winch cable laying, balloon rises to the high-altitude under buoyancy;
Described storage cable equipment coiling mooring hawser when the capstan winch stranded cable stores it, and storage cable equipment is followed it and emitted the mooring hawser in the time of the capstan winch cable laying;
Described lifting hawser is used for lifting ore, its terminal hook machine of installing, catch on the ore hopper after, loosen the mooring hawser gradually, utilize helium platform lift that hopper is mentioned;
Described winch and winch control cabin, by cable by the face of land to the winch transmission of electric energy, and carry out work at face of land remote control winch;
Described electric supply installation be used in the balloon normal work stage and in emergency circumstances to ball equipment and ground support part that the electric energy of required safe and continuous is provided, it comprises power unit and distribution section, power unit is the core of balloon power pack, and it is made up of main power source, emergency source of electrical power, secondary power supply and outside (ground) power supply power supply base power supply and equipment; The distribution section radical function is power unit to be exported electric energy regulate and be transformed to the required electric energy of each consumer on ground and the ball, and it is made of distributor, control fender guard and power transmission network;
Three aspects of protection that described lightning protection, lightning protection measures can be divided into spheroid protection, ball carries equipment protection and wayside equipment and personnel generally adopt electrostatic defending, the protection of conductor cage and the protection of suspension cable lead to the safeguard procedures of spheroid;
Described unloading hawser is used for the traction enhancement rope, and after helium platform was mentioned the ore hopper, the hopper that the unloading hawser will be equipped with ore drew to positions such as ore dressing fields, and the loading machine capstan winch is arranged near the destination, is used for folding and unfolding unloading hawser.The unloading hawser uses the preventer cover to fix with the connection location that promotes hawser;
Described loading hawser will promote the hawser end and draw to the stope position, and control the position of transferring that promotes hawser, and the hook that promotes the hawser end is caught on the ore hopper; The loading hawser is by the loading machine winch control, according to moving of stope position;
Described mooring hawser is finished the lift-off and the recovery of spheroid;
Described solar panel is the core in the solar electrical energy generation part, and its effect is that the emissive capacity with the sun is converted to electric energy, or is sent in the storage battery and stores, or promotes loaded work piece;
The effect of described controller for solar is the mode of operation of the whole device of control, and storage battery is played the effect of additives for overcharge protection, over, in the bigger place of the temperature difference, up-to-standard controller also should possess the function of temperature compensating, and other additional functions such as photoswitch, time switch all should be the options of controller;
Described battery pack is a lead-acid battery, its effect be when illumination is arranged with the electrical power storage that solar panel sent, it's time to needs to discharge again;
Working process of the present invention: helium platform is that a kind of utilization charges into density overcomes himself weight and load-carrying weight more than the little buoyancy that helium produced of air floating empty device, open cast mine is that the helium platform air bag is fixed to the open-pit mine stope top by the mooring hawser with large-scale helium platform transportation, utilize the loading hawser and movably the loading machine capstan winch ore hopper is drawn to stope, after filling ore, utilize winch and promote hawser lifting ore hopper, when reaching a certain height, the traction of unloading hawser is noose fixedly, ore hopper traction to the ore dressing plant, is unloaded to return behind the ore and continued dress ore deposit operation.
Advantage of the present invention: because air transport is not subjected to the influence of topography, energy savings reduces CO2 emissions in a large number; Adopt helium platform low latitude carrying technology; transit link is simplified greatly; adopt the air transport mode; transportation device is few; save the fuel cost of service expenditure and transportation; reduce the quantity of operating personal and operating personal simultaneously; improved the production efficiency in mine; reduce land seizure, helium platform low-altitude transportation technology can effectively be utilized clean energy resourcies such as solar power, wind energy; ecology environment is played a protective role; mineral resources are exploited to greatest extent, help the sustainable development in mine, mineral resources are utilized more fully.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 the present invention adopts helium platform that open cast mine is carried out the low-altitude transportation device structure principle chart;
Fig. 2 the present invention adopts helium platform that open cast mine is carried out the low-altitude transportation device birds-eye view;
Among the figure: the 1-air bag; The 2-solar panel; The 3-watch-dog; The 4-light equipment; 5-mooring hawser anchor fitting; The 6-winch; 7-promotes hawser; 8-ore hopper; 9-mooring hawser; The 10-cable; The 11-hawser of freighting; 12-loading machine capstan winch; The 13-hawser of unloading; 14-ore dressing field; 15-storage cable equipment; The 16-controller for solar; The 17-battery pack; The 18-electric supply installation; 19-winch control cabin; 20-is noose fixedly; The 21-fairing; The 22-pressure sensor; 23-pressure controling chamber; The 24-metal gauze of taking shelter from the thunder; The 25-capstan winch;
The specific embodiment:
The present invention adopts helium platform that open cast mine is carried out low-altitude transportation device and is illustrated with accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.
Present embodiment is selected certain surface mine for use, and long 2 kilometers of pit is wide 1 kilometer, adopts dark 400m.Designed productive capacity is 1,500 ten thousand tons/year.6,000 ten thousand tons/year of overall output of ore and waste.The 300m place arranges and unloads the ore deposit point outside the pit.Adopt 6 tension winch, promptly with six mooring hawsers fixing helium platform in different directions.Helium platform is shaped as disc, and helium platform is of a size of: diameter 250m, high 50m.Effectively fill helium volume 2400000m
3, maximum lift weight 2400t (comprising deadweight and load-carrying).Conveying arrangement arranges that 9 promote hawsers, i.e. 9 winchs, and each hawser can promote the 200t ore, circulation in 15 minutes.
Then can promote ore deposit rock total amount its every year is:
Ten thousand tons of 200*9*60/15*24*360=6200.
Helium platform is 500m apart from floor level.Ore need be carried to overhead the height 300m.The ore hopper needs level run 300-800m to unloading the ore deposit point.
Lightning protection of the present invention adopts lightning-arrest metal gauze.
This device comprises air bag 1, fairing 21, steelframe, solar panel 2, watch-dog 3, light equipment 4, mooring hawser anchor fitting 5, winch 6, promote hawser 7, ore hopper 8, mooring hawser 9, the winch cable, the solar power transmission cable, loading hawser 11, loading machine capstan winch 12, unloading hawser 13, fixedly noose 20, storage cable equipment 15, controller for solar 16, battery pack 17, electric supply installation 18, winch control cabin 19, pressure controling chamber 23, pressure sensor 22, lightning-arrest metal gauze 24 and capstan winch 25.
The connection of this device is: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, air bag 1 parcel steelframe, fairing 21 covers on the air bag 1, mooring hawser 9 is made up of many steel ropes, connect mooring hawser anchor fitting 5 in all directions respectively, mooring hawser anchor fitting 5 is fixed on around the steelframe, tension and fixation balloon 1, the winch cable, the solar power transmission cable connects mooring hawser anchor fitting 5 together with mooring hawser 9, be winch 6, the electric energy that light equipment 4 provides electric energy and transmission solar panel 2 to produce, at the fixing a plurality of winchs 6 in steelframe bottom, winch 6 connects ore hopper 8 by promoting hawser 7, watch-dog 3 is installed on steelframe above the winch 6, the working condition of monitoring winch 6, light equipment 4 is installed around steelframe, above air bag 1, settle solar panel 2, loading machine capstan winch 12 connects lifting hawser 7 by loading hawser 11, fixedly noose 20 is installed in and promotes on the hawser 7, be connected with ore dressing field 14 by unloading hawser 13, storage cable equipment 15, controller for solar 16, battery pack 17, electric supply installation 18 is connected mooring hawser anchor fitting 5 with winch control cabin 23 by mooring hawser 9, the end that capstan winch 25 is installed in mooring hawser 9 is connected with storage cable equipment 15, and lightning-arrest metal gauze 24 is installed at air bag 1 top.
The separate component that air bag 1 is filled by a plurality of helium is formed.The size of disc balloon is decided according to mine capacity.The lift that provides lifting ore required is provided for it; Air bag 1 comprises main gasbag and balloonet, and main gasbag is used to store lift gas helium, and utricule bears the external load that acts on the balloon and comprises aerodynamic force, gravity loading, inertia loading and concentrated load, charges into gas inside and determines its shape and rigidity.Balloonet is used to regulate the pressure of spheroid, makes spheroid remain rigidity preferably.The balloonet stored air is in balloon lift-off, stagnate sky and decline, by filling the profile that emptying gas is adjusted the attitude of balloon and kept utricule.The selection of air bag 1 material considers mainly that lightweight, high strength, high-air-tightness, good weather resisting property, height ratio are strong, high-modulus, highly anti-ly deflect, anti-ly rub with wear resisting property well, and especially the main gasbag material will be considered anti-ozone and to reflection and other Effect of Environmental of various rays (ultraviolet ray etc.).
Fairing 21 is used for protecting ball to carry the influence that equipment is avoided air dynamic load and atmosphere, improves the balloon aeroperformance simultaneously.Pressure-sealing zipper is equipped with in fairing 21 belows, and the dismounting and the maintenance of convenient inner erecting equipment improve the balloon aeroperformance simultaneously.It is that a kind of brand new metal skin adds semi-monocoque.
Steelframe is used for carrying the various transportation devices on the helium platform, as winch, mooring hawser anchor fitting etc.
Pressure in the pressure sensor 22 monitoring air bags 1 in the balloon, and detected data are reached ground-surface pressure controling chamber 23, through regulating the helium platform internal pressure by balloonet after the data analysis;
Watch-dog 3 guarantees the mode of operation of its hoisting force winch operating personal by camera head monitor winch 6, and can in time pinpoint the problems.
Mooring hawser 9 is used for mooring and traction balloon, finishes the lift-off and the recovery of spheroid, helps power devices on the balloon platform, keeps simultaneously communicating by letter with ground-surface on the ball, and mooring hawser 9 is made of jointly a main push-towing rope rope and many auxiliary cables.
During capstan winch 25 stranded cables, balloon is retracted to ground under the take-up force of capstan winch 25, and during capstan winch 25 cable layings, balloon rises to the high-altitude under buoyancy;
Storage cable equipment 15 coiling mooring hawsers 9 store it when capstan winch 25 stranded cables, and storage cable equipment 15 is followed it and emitted mooring hawser 9 in the time of capstan winch 25 cable layings.
Promote hawser 7 and be used for lifting ore, its terminal hook machine of installing, after catching on the ore hopper, loosen mooring hawser 9 gradually, utilize helium platform lift that hopper is mentioned, consider the safety and the reliability of lifting and ore drawing hopper 8, need carry out the failure-free design the hawser draw off gear, adopt the measure of dual-host backup in case of necessity, hawser is selected synthetic fibre rope for use.
Winch 6 and winch control cabin 19, by be wrapped in cable 10 on the mooring hawser 9 by the face of land to winch 6 transmission of electric energy.And carrying out work at face of land remote control winch 6, winch 6 is 1-10 with promoting hawser 7 quantity, decides according to mine capacity.
Unloading hawser 13 is used for traction enhancement hawser 7, after helium platform is mentioned the ore hopper, the hopper that unloading hawser 13 will be equipped with ore draws to position, ore dressing field, loading machine capstan winch 12 is arranged near the destination, be used for folding and unfolding unloading hawser 13, unloading hawser 13 and the connection location that promotes hawser 7 use fixedly noose 20 to fix, and the material of unloading hawser 13 is identical with the lifting hawser, is that required number of share of stock is less.
Loading hawser 11 will promote hawser 7 ends and draw to the stope position, and control the position of transferring that promotes hawser 7, and the hook that promotes hawser 7 ends is caught on ore hopper 8.Loading hawser 11 is by 12 controls of loading machine capstan winch, according to moving of stope position.
Electric supply installation 18 be used in the balloon normal work stage and in emergency circumstances to ball equipment and ground support part that the electric energy of required safe and continuous is provided.It comprises power unit and distribution section, and power unit is the core of balloon power pack, and it is made up of main power source, emergency source of electrical power, secondary power supply and outside (ground) power supply power supply base power supply and equipment; The distribution section radical function is power unit to be exported electric energy regulate and be transformed to the required electric energy of each consumer on ground and the ball, and it is made of distributor, control fender guard and power transmission network.
Three aspects of protection that lightning protection, lightning protection measures can be divided into spheroid protection, ball carries equipment protection and wayside equipment and personnel generally adopt electrostatic defending, the protection of conductor cage and the protection of suspension cable lead to the safeguard procedures of spheroid.
Light equipment 4 provides necessary light when being used for night work, guarantee to produce continuously safety and carry out.
Solar panel 2 is the cores in the solar electrical energy generation part, and its effect is that the emissive capacity with the sun is converted to electric energy, or is sent in the storage battery and stores, or promotes loaded work piece.
The effect of controller for solar 16 is mode of operations of control entire portion, and storage battery is played the effect of additives for overcharge protection, over.In the bigger place of the temperature difference, up-to-standard controller also should possess the function of temperature compensating.Other additional functions such as photoswitch, time switch all should be the options of controller;
Battery pack 17 is a lead-acid battery.Its effect be when illumination is arranged with the electrical power storage that solar panel sent, it's time to needs to discharge again.