Fumigating and sterilizing device
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fumigation field, particularly a kind of multipurpose is fumigated decontaminating apparatus.
Technical background
In recent years, have during respiratory infectious disease and break out, as atypical pneumonias in 2003 (SARS), bird flu in 2006, first type N1H1 influenza in 2009, wherein air sterillization is one of important measures of prevention respiratory infectious disease.Usually the chemosterilant of air sterillization employing has peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide etc.Chlorine dioxide (clo
2) be the disinfectant of a kind of efficient, wide spectrum, safety, be of wide application.Health ministry in " hospital infection with SARS control guideline (try) notify " (calling guideline in the following text) with ClO
2Classify air sanitizer as, but must be under unmanned situation the sterilization (referring to document: Zheng Shiying, Zhang Yongliang, intelligence is strong, etc. army's underground hospital microorganism monitoring and evaluation [J]. Chinese sanitary inspection magazine, 2005,15 (1): 1-2).Formaldehyde gas has wide spectrum, efficient sterilizing, it is harmless that sterilizing objects is not had burn into, can remedy chlorine dioxide and have corrosive weak point.The most methods that adopt spraying of traditional air disinfection method, this kind method has its limitation, easily stays the dead angle such as the article of getting wet easily, spraying inequality, and bigger droplet particle precipitation is fast, and the retention time is short.Also useful peracetic acid is fumigated, but needs heater, and heating is very dangerous under the situation of nobody's nurse.
Domestic each big port import at present can utilize old and useless article, and annual all with the speed increment more than 20%, along with the continuous growth of economy, the old and useless article import volume will be increasing from now on.The quick growth of China's old and useless article import starts from the nineties in 20th century.Nineteen ninety, the old and useless article import volume was 990,000 tons, 2.6 hundred million dollars of import volumes; Old and useless article import in 1993 surge is to 828.5 ten thousand tons, and 15.75 hundred million dollars of import volumes account for 1.5% of national total import value; The junk import volume reached 1,078 ten thousand tons in 1997, and import volume increases to 29.5 hundred million dollars, accounts for 2.1% of national total import value.Country of the U.S. in 2002 just has 1,200,000,000 dollars to the value estimations of Chinese exports old and useless article, and has only 1.94 hundred million dollars before 5 years, has increased nearly 7 times.The growth of import volume is faster by waste paper, as 9,380,000 tons of imported waste papers in 2003, increases by 36.51% than 2002; China's imported waste paper was broken through 1,000 ten thousand tons first in 2004.The old and useless article of import mainly comprises waste paper, old tire, waste plastics, empty carton, abandoned car, waste hardware electrical equipment, scrap iron and steel, old electrical equipment etc.The people such as Zhao Pihua of Shandong Province Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau have carried out Hygiene investigation to the import old and useless article, recall rates such as golden staphylococci, bacillus pyocyaneus, mycete are 6.36%-29.09% (Zhao Pihua, Liang Jian, Shi Lei, Deng. the Hygiene investigation analysis of import old and useless article. Chinese territory health quarantine magazine, 2001,24 (3): 167), old and useless article carries propagates multiple pathogen, big with the probability of borrowing old and useless article and container to disseminate infection.The inspection and quarantine system actively supports China to eliminate the action plan of Celfume, takes the lead in carrying out the sanitized research of vikane and actively promote vikane being used for sanitized in total system.And the effect of vikane disinfestation and deratization is strong, and disinfective action is but very weak, and sulfuryl fluoride fumigating synergistic does not reach sterilisation purpose.
According to These characteristics, we have invented prevent disease and have propagated necessary fumigating and sterilizing device.The present invention adopts chlorine dioxide or formaldehyde to carry out fumigation, simpler in the operation than spraying, gas permeates into indoor each corner easily, it is more thorough to sterilize, the article of being afraid of to wet are more suitable for, especially storehouse, the container to depositing article, and atmosphere draught-free, high humidity, a large amount of places that exist of fungus carry out fumigation to the food that pollutes easily or go mouldy of its inner reserve, medicine, dressing, apparatus, instrument and meter, old and useless article etc.Adopt fumigation can not increase humidity, can also obtain satisfied Disinfection Effect.
The present invention can only disinfecting surface can not be penetrated into the problem of deep layer inside except solving spraying disinfection, also is to improve the convenient function of sterilizing operation.The U.S. hut of Xiao Shouing clean (Xing Ke of Xuzhou City Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd product) is to utilize the disinfection by chlorine dioxide air in the market, this product is separately to be packaged in A agent, B agent in the aluminium foil bag, unpack during use, A agent, B agent are poured in the plastic barrel, add entry, begin to react the effect that the formation gel reaches slow release.With the main distinction of the present invention be: the present invention uses the chlorine dioxide fumigating and sterilizing device, do not need during use to go to tear A agent (reactant), B agent (packing of exciting agent and stabilizing agent) with hands, only need turn cylindrical vessel or the lid that constitutes fumigating and sterilizing device, just reactant, exciting agent can be mixed, produce chlorine dioxide, simple to operate.Another kind of chlorine dioxide air sterile products uncommon clean (Shenzhen City Luoqi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd production) on the market, its reactant is a liquid, be contained in the plastic bottle, exciting agent is a solid, be equipped with in the aluminium foil bag, unpack during use the solid exciting agent is poured in the liquid bottles, it is easy to use not as the present invention.Chlorine dioxide is corrosive, and when object content metal parts to be sterilized was afraid of corrosion, (reactant changed formalin into to change activator and reactant, activator changes potassium permanganate into), produce formaldehyde during use, utilize the formaldehyde fumigation sterilization, it is harmless that sterilizing objects is not had burn into.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fumigating and sterilizing device, reactant and activator leave the diverse location of fumigating and sterilizing device in, can improve the shelf-life of reactant and activator; Reactant and activator change according to the characteristic of article to be sterilized, have expanded the range of application of fumigating and sterilizing device.Turn the cylindrical vessel or the lid that constitute fumigating and sterilizing device, expose pore, sterilization promptly begins, and has improved the convenient function of operation.
Fumigating and sterilizing device of the present invention comprises lid cylindraceous and cylindrical vessel; A circle conical baffle that is connected with the inwall of cylindrical vessel is arranged in the described cylindrical vessel, be connected with a cylinder at the vertex of a cone of conical baffle, and this cylinder has screw thread as the internal orifice of cylindrical vessel on the cylinder outer wall as internal orifice; On outer wall, be threaded and have pore (the supplied gas disinfectant discharges outward) as the described cylindrical vessel above the described conical baffle of cylindrical vessel collar extension; The wall of the described cylindrical vessel of described conical baffle and conical baffle top and the zone that described cylinder surrounds are the tube shoulder, and this shoulder is the position that solid activator (or solid reactants) is deposited; The zone that the wall of the described cylindrical vessel of described conical baffle and conical baffle below surrounds is a cylindrical shell, and this cylindrical shell is the position that liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) is deposited;
Described lid cylindraceous is made up of enclosing cover cylindraceous and inner cap cylindraceous, and described inner cap is positioned at the capping below of described enclosing cover, and by support described enclosing cover and described inner cap is coupled together; Described enclosing cover is enclosed within on the collar extension of described cylindrical vessel, and is screwed by the screw thread on the collar extension of the screw thread that covers outward and cylindrical vessel; The overall diameter of internal orifice that covers the interior diameter of the described inner cap on the internal orifice of described cylindrical vessel and described cylindrical vessel is suitable.
Described pore is that the gas that forms after disinfectant activates can come out from this pore.
Described lid cylindraceous can be screwed on the cylindrical vessel.
The material of described lid cylindraceous, cylindrical vessel can be PE plastics acidproof, alkali corrosion resistance.
Described solid activator (or solid reactants) leaves the position of tube shoulder in.Liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) leaves the position of cylindrical shell in, and the two separates, and helps long preservation.
Fumigating and sterilizing device of the present invention in use, cylindrical vessel is last, lid infra cylindraceous, turn the cylindrical vessel or the lid that constitute fumigating and sterilizing device, when exposing pore, inner cap and internal orifice unclamp, thereby liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) is flowed out from internal orifice, flow to the position of the tube shoulder of cylindrical vessel, react, produce gaseous decontaminant with the solid activator (or solid reactants) that leaves the tube shoulder in, gaseous decontaminant is overflowed from pore, be dispersed into space to be sterilized, play disinfective action, need not heat, not need power supply.
The use amount of described liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) and the use amount of solid activator (or solid reactants) can increase and decrease in proportion according to spatial size to be sterilized, do not waste medicine under the prerequisite that guarantees Disinfection Effect.
Described liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) is that formalin or mass concentration are 36% concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Described solid activator (or solid reactants) is potassium permanganate or sodium chlorite.
When being afraid of that the corrosive object to be sterilized that contains metal parts carries out disinfection, (reactant changes formalin into can to change activator and reactant, activator changes potassium permanganate into), produce formaldehyde during use, utilize the formaldehyde fumigation sterilization, it is harmless that sterilizing objects is not had burn into, can remedy chlorine dioxide and have corrosive weak point.
The invention solves the sterilization that at present sterilisation of objects is existed and thoroughly do not leave the dead angle, the problem of inconvenient operation, and can carry out fumigation at any time, need not heating, need not power supply.Have simple to operate, easy to use; When utilizing fumigating and sterilizing device of the present invention to carry out the fumigation air, the dead angle is not stayed in the fumigation place of being carried out, thoroughly stifling, the article of can not getting wet, the deficiency that has existed when having overcome spraying disinfection; Application of the present invention will prevention and control with air, article be the infectious disease of media take place with popular on play a role.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the main body sketch map of fumigating and sterilizing device of the present invention; Wherein:
A portion is a lid; B portion is a cylindrical vessel.
Reference numeral
1. enclosing cover 2. inner caps 3. screw threads 4. collar extensions
5. 6. of internal orifices are takeed on 7. cylindrical shells, 8. pores
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
See also Fig. 1.Fumigating and sterilizing device comprises that material is lid cylindraceous and the cylindrical vessel of PE; A circle conical baffle that is connected with the inwall of cylindrical vessel is arranged in the described cylindrical vessel, be connected with a cylinder at the vertex of a cone of conical baffle, and this cylinder has screw thread 3 as the internal orifice 5 of cylindrical vessel on the cylinder outer wall as internal orifice; On outer wall, be threaded 3 and have a pore 8 (the supplied gas disinfectant discharges outward) as the described cylindrical vessel above the described conical baffle of cylindrical vessel collar extension 4; The wall of the described cylindrical vessel of described conical baffle and conical baffle top and the zone that described cylinder surrounds are tube shoulder 6, and this shoulder is the position that solid activator (or solid reactants) is deposited; The zone that the wall of the described cylindrical vessel of described conical baffle and conical baffle below surrounds is a cylindrical shell 7, and this cylindrical shell is the position that liquid reactant (or liquid activated dose) is deposited;
Described lid cylindraceous is made up of enclosing cover cylindraceous 1 and inner cap 2 cylindraceous, and described inner cap 2 is positioned at the capping below of described enclosing cover 1, and by support described enclosing cover 1 and described inner cap 2 is coupled together; Described enclosing cover 1 is enclosed within on the collar extension 4 of described cylindrical vessel, and is screwed by the screw thread 3 on the collar extension 4 of screw thread on the enclosing cover 13 and cylindrical vessel; The overall diameter of internal orifice 5 that covers the interior diameter of the described inner cap 2 on the internal orifice 5 of described cylindrical vessel and described cylindrical vessel is suitable.
Use above-mentioned fumigating and sterilizing device to 100m
3The space carry out the chlorine dioxide fumigation, adding sodium chlorite 1.0g at tube shoulder place, add mass concentration in cylindrical shell is that (this dosage is by 10mg/m for 36% concentrated hydrochloric acid 5.5ml
3Dosage sterilization 100m
3The amount in room, obtain according to the reckoning of chemical mode journey: volume is 100m
310mg/m is pressed in the room
3Dosage is fumigated, and needs the ClO toward this room dispensing 1000mg
2Be the ClO of 0.015mol
2According to reaction equation: 5NaClO
2+ 4HCl-4ClO
2+ 2H
2O+5Na
2Cl, the amount of sodium chlorite and concentrated hydrochloric acid is respectively 0.015mol and 0.012mol in theory.But with the concentrated hydrochloric acid is that the actual activation rate of activator is about 90%, adds sodium chlorite 1.0g, 5.5ml concentrated hydrochloric acid during practical operation in the plastic cylinder container).Close the lid, cylindrical vessel is last, and lid infra cylindraceous turns the cylindrical vessel or the lid that constitute fumigating and sterilizing device, and when exposing pore, inner cap and internal orifice unclamp, and with being about on the ground that above-mentioned fumigating and sterilizing device is placed on to be sterilized central authorities, the people leaves.Remove fumigating and sterilizing device after predetermined disinfecting time, the effect assessment that carries out disinfection sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
The device that uses embodiment 1 is to 100m
3The room carry out chlorine dioxide air fumigation.Wherein to add and add the 11.0ml mass concentration in sodium chlorite 2.0g, the cylindrical shell be 36% concentrated hydrochloric acid at tube shoulder place, and other is with embodiment 1, and Evaluation of Disinfection sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The device that uses embodiment 1 is to 100m
3The room carry out chlorine dioxide air fumigation.Wherein tube shoulder place adds in sodium chlorite 4.0g, the cylindrical shell and adds the 22ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, and other is with embodiment 1, and Evaluation of Disinfection sees Table 1.
Embodiment 4
The device that uses embodiment 1 is to 10m
3The room carry out formaldehyde fumigation sterilization.The consumption of formalin is 18ml/m
3, the consumption of potassium permanganate is 50% of a formalin volume amount (ml), and unit is g, and so add 180ml formalin in tube shoulder place's adding potassium permanganate 90g, cylindrical shell, other is with embodiment 1, and Evaluation of Disinfection sees Table 2.
The Evaluation of Disinfection experimental result of embodiment 1~4 is as follows:
1 method
1.1 embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are divided into three groups of bactericidal assay that carry out disinfection, 2 of every group selection normal rooms, 1 in storehouse.Embodiment 1 is equivalent to use 5mg/m
3Dosage fumigates that (this dosage is by 5mg/m
3Dosage sterilization 100m
3The amount in room); Embodiment 2 is equivalent to use 10mg/m
3Dosage is fumigated; Embodiment 3 is equivalent to use 20mg/m
3Dosage fumigates that (this dosage is by 20mg/m
3Dosage sterilization 100m
3The amount in room); Embodiment 4 formaldehyde 18ml/m
3Dosage is fumigated.
1.2 microbe sampling method
Four jiaos and 5 point samplings of central authorities are got in every room, with being about on the ground that above-mentioned fumigating and sterilizing device is placed on room central authorities, sterilize and remove fumigating and sterilizing device after 30 minutes, before fumigation and after the sterilization sample with sedimentation in 30min, 60min, 120min (embodiment 4 is 60min, 120min, 180min) back, monitoring air-borne bacteria sum.Adding (culture medium is an ordinary nutrient agar) 1g/L lecithin, 1g/L Tween 80,5g/L sodium thiosulfate in the culture medium is nertralizer.
2 results
2.1 experimental temperature, humidity
Temperature on average, the relative humidity of 6 (100 cubic metres /) normal rooms are respectively 28.4 ℃ and 49.7%; The temperature on average of 3 storehouses, relative humidity are respectively 25.7 ℃ and 58.3%;
2.2 Disinfection Effect
Embodiment 2, embodiment 1, embodiment 3 fumigation totals number of bacteria (natural bacteria in the air) extinction rate are respectively 83.28%, 90.16%, 94.39% (seeing Table 1).
The chlorine dioxide fumigation effect of table 1 fumigating and sterilizing device
Embodiment 1 disinfecting time is more than the 120min as can be seen from Table 1, and embodiment 2, embodiment 3 disinfecting time are that the total number of bacteria extinction rate in the above room of 30min surpasses 90%, reach the qualified requirement of sterilization.The Disinfection Effect of storehouse is good, is that good leak tightness more can be brought into play the disinfective action of disinfectant because window is little.
Embodiment 4 fumigation totals number of bacteria (natural bacteria in the air) extinction rate surpasses 90%, reaches sterilization qualified requirement (seeing Table 2).
Table 2 fumigator formaldehyde fumigation Disinfection Effect