Self-piercing frictional rivet welding connecting device
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device of rivet welding technical field, in particular a kind of self-piercing frictional rivet welding connecting device.
Background technology
Resistance spot welding is main connected mode in the coachbuilt body assembling, owing to easily form hard and crisp intermetallic compound when the greatest differences of alloy in lightweight and the hot physical attribute of high-strength steel and melting welding, adopts traditional resistance spot welding process to be difficult to the realization connection; And traditional clinching method needed pre-punched hole before fastening rivet, caused complex process, and production efficiency is low, thereby was not suitable for the mass assembling of body panel.
The problems referred to above that exist when being connected with high-strength steel point at alloy in lightweight, no rivet (Clinching), semitubular rivet self-piercing riveting (Self-Piercing Riveting have been proposed both at home and abroad, be called for short SPR) and the friction stir spot welding higher methods of automaticity such as (Friction StirSpot Welding are called for short FSSW).Wherein Clinching and SPR are the cold interconnection techniques of most widely used machinery during vehicle body is made, and a series of problems in the time of can effectively avoiding the dissimilar materials melting can realize the integrated of punching and riveting process.But the quiet resistance to vibration of Clinching joint is lower, can only be applied to being connected of not high hood of requirement of strength and non-bearing members such as trunk lid, and the scope of application is little.The SPR method can obtain to have the joint of good quiet dynamic mechanical when connecting reflectal, yet when the light-alloy workpiece of poor toughness such as riveted joint cast aluminium, magnesium, be easy to generate crackle even embrittlement, cause joint fails, and when riveted joint high-strength steel material, then need higher rivet force, and need to increase rivet value and the thick and cracking of serious pier take place to avoid rivet, the rigidity that needs to strengthen riveting gun C type framework simultaneously with guarantee rivet and die to neutrality.FSSW causes connecting between the plate molecular diffusion by the stirring movement of stirring-head and frictional heat to realize a kind of welding procedure that solid phase is connected with crystallization again, because the joint formation temperature is low, can effectively control the formation of intermetallic compound.Fabrication hole residual after but this technology is finished can weaken strength of joint; When connecting high-strength steel, need to prolong the agitating friction time in order to make the steel plasticizing simultaneously, reduced the efficient of body panel mass production, the wearing and tearing of stirring-head simultaneously are also more serious, and then influenced the sizable application of this technology in auto industry.
Find through retrieval prior art, Chinese invention patent publication number: CN101468421, title: a kind of agitating friction riveting set and clinching method, this device comprises: drive rod, the shaft shoulder, solid rigidity rivet, plate and rigid liner, substitute the mixing needle of friction stir spot welding by solid rigidity rivet, thereby eliminate the fabrication hole of friction stir spot welding; Make softening metal can flow into the mechanical connection that the nail neck portion is realized rivet and workpiece by the nail neck less than the nail lid and the nail end.Yet, as a kind of solid rivet, when connecting high-strength steel, in order to soften and to arrange metal, need bigger rivet force and longer riveted joint time, equipment has been proposed higher requirement, increase equipment cost, and caused joint efficiency significantly to reduce, thereby limited the sizable application of this technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of self-piercing frictional rivet welding connecting device is provided, mechanical connection based on self-piercing riveting technology, introduce the solid phase connection mechanism of friction stir spot welding technology, rotate the softening high-strength steel of generation frictional heat at a high speed by rivet, reduce rivet force, solved high-strength steel self-piercing riveting distortion difficult problem; Solid mixing needle by the alternative friction stir spot welding of semitubular rivet has reduced the feeding resistance, has solved the low and residual process hole problem of friction spot welding efficient, and finally realizes the dual connection of machinery-solid phase of joint.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: driving needle, blank holder, semitubular rivet and die, wherein: socket driving needle in the blank holder, semitubular rivet is positioned at the below of driving needle, and die is located under the semitubular rivet.
Be provided with annular guide channel in the described blank holder, be provided with the circular orientation spring in the annular guide channel, semitubular rivet is positioned on the circular orientation spring.
Described semitubular rivet comprises: manufactured head and rivet leg, wherein: the center of manufactured head is provided with groove, the boss of driving needle end and the groove of manufactured head are meshed, the manufactured head lower end is provided with the rivet leg, the diameter of manufactured head is more than or equal to 2 times of rivet leg external diameter, and the end of rivet leg is the wedge shape with circular arc chamfering.
The angle of the outer wall of the lower surface of described manufactured head and rivet leg is less than or equal to 90 °.
The center of described die is provided with taper shape or cylindrical protrusions, and the center line of projection and the center line of semitubular rivet are consistent, and the both sides of projection are provided with cavity, and the volume of cavity is consistent with the volume of rivet leg solid section.
Described semitubular rivet is that nickel-base alloy, cobalt-base alloys or boron are handled the steel material.
The surface of described semitubular rivet is provided with zinc, tin, copper or the acieral coating of 0~20 μ m.
Described blank holder comprises: go up half-turn and lower branch, wherein: it is identical and be fixedly linked to go up the interior external diameter of half-turn and lower branch, and the inwall joint of last half-turn and lower branch is provided with annular guide channel.
The cross sectional shape of described annular guide channel is the C type, and the circular orientation tensioned places annular guide channel.
When the present invention works, semitubular rivet and plate are positioned over respectively on the circular orientation spring and die of blank holder, drive blank holder simultaneously plate is compressed; Start the driving needle swivel feeding, the boss of guiding driving needle and the groove of manufactured head are meshing with each other, and continue to promote the rivet swivel feeding until rivet contact plate upper surface; The rotation and the feed speed that increase driving needle according to process requirements make that plate local heating under the acting in conjunction of rivet force and frictional heat is also softening, and semitubular rivet will be pressed into plate gradually and pierce through top plate; Under the effect of die, constantly the semitubular rivet shank that descends of rotation expands outwardly and promotes plate and is pressed into the die cavity and forms mechanical interlocking connections with plate gradually; After semitubular rivet axial feed stroke was finished, driving needle drove semitubular rivet and rotates certain hour in position to generate more frictional heat, made that the formation solid phase is connected between each contact interface of semitubular rivet and plate; Driving needle and blank holder are return initial station, the joint cooling, and self-piercing frictional rivet welding is finished.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: the present invention is by introducing the rotary freedom of semitubular rivet, utilize rivet to rotate the softening high-strength steel of frictional heat of generation at a high speed, promote the elongation of high-strength steel, reduced rivet force and to the requirement of equipment rigidity, improved the joint efficiency of friction spot welding, and eliminated the technology shrinkage pool, effectively improved strength of joint, realized the dual connection of machinery-solid phase, the static state and the dynamic mechanical of joint have been improved greatly, not only can be applied to being connected of light-alloy and high-strength steel, also can be applied between the various light-alloys and the connection between the various high-strength steel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of semitubular rivet;
Fig. 3 is the partial schematic diagram of circular orientation guide groove;
Fig. 4 is the step schematic diagram of work of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: driving needle 1, blank holder 2, annular guide channel 3, circular orientation spring 4, semitubular rivet 5, die 6 and plate 7, wherein: socket driving needle 1 in the blank holder 2, the below of driving needle 1 is provided with semitubular rivet 5, the inwall of blank holder 2 is provided with annular guide channel 3, and circular orientation spring 4 is located in the annular guide channel 3, and semitubular rivet 5 is positioned on the circular orientation spring 4, die 6 is located under the semitubular rivet 5, and plate 7 is located on the die 6.
As shown in Figure 2, semitubular rivet 5 comprises: manufactured head 8 and rivet leg 9, and wherein: the center of manufactured head 8 is provided with groove 10, and manufactured head is fixed with rivet leg 98 times, and manufactured head 8 diameters are greater than rivet leg 9 external diameters.
The coiled hair formula that is shaped as of described manufactured head 8, the high 1.6mm of coiled hair, coiled hair diameter are 10mm, manufactured head 8 lower surfaces become 88 ° angle with the outer wall of rivet leg 9; Ailhead 8 upper surface centers are provided with " ten " word flower connected in star 10, and groove 10 degree of depth are 2.5mm, and length is 4.8mm, and width is 1.0mm, and " ten " word flower tapering is 44 °.
The end of described rivet leg 9 is smooth excessive wedge shapes, and the angle of wedge is 35 °, and the transition zone radius is 0.2mm.
The boss 11 of described driving needle 1 end and the groove 10 of manufactured head 8 are meshed, and can realize the transmission of circumferencial direction moment of torsion.
As shown in Figure 3, blank holder 2 internal diameters are 10.4mm, and external diameter is 22.4mm, are made up of last half-turn 12 and lower branch 13 that interior external diameter is identical, and two parts are fixedly linked to realize the pressure-pad-force transmission by fastening bolt 14.Lower branch 13 highly is 5mm, the last half-turn 12 of blank holder 2 and the inwall joint of lower branch 13 are provided with the annular guide channel 3 that cross sectional shape is the C type, the diameter in the C type cross section of annular guide channel 3 is 2.4mm, open height is 1.5mm, circular orientation spring 4 is positioned in the annular guide channel 3 with tensioning state, and the circular cross-section diameter of circular orientation spring 4 is 2mm.
The plate 7 of present embodiment is: aluminium alloy AA6061-T6+ high-strength steel DP780, and promptly aluminium alloy is last, and high-strength steel is following; Panel thickness coupling: 2mm+1.4mm.
It is the panhead rivet of boronation high-strength steel that semitubular rivet 5 adopts material, and the coiled hair diameter is 10mm, and the thickness of rivet leg 9, external diameter and length are respectively 0.95mm, 5mm and 7mm.
There is " ten " word flower connected in star 10 at the center of described manufactured head 8, and the rivet surface is coated with the thick zn alloy coating of 12 μ m, is connected with the solid phase that realizes semitubular rivet 5 and each contact-making surface of plate 7.
The end of described driving needle 1 is provided with the boss 11 that the groove 10 with manufactured head 8 is meshed, and the main diameter of driving needle 1 is 10mm.
The center of described die 6 is provided with smooth excessive taper shape or cylindrical protrusions 16, the center line of projection 16 is consistent with the center line of semitubular rivet 5, the both sides of projection 16 are provided with cavity 17, and the volume of cavity 17 is consistent with the effective volume that semitubular rivet 5 enters plate 7.The base diameter of die 6 is 8.6mm, highly is 1.8mm, and the projection 16 at center is 96 ° for the taper shape of top light degree of slipping over, cone angle, and the transition zone radius is 1.8mm.
The boring 15 of described rivet leg 9 is cylindrical, and the solid section volume of rivet leg 9 equals or be slightly larger than the volume of die 6 upper plenums 17.
Technological parameter: driving needle 1 and rivet engagement stage driving needle 1 rotary speed are 90r/min, and feed speed is 30mm/s; Rivet welding process driving needle 1 rotary speed is 8000r/min, and feed speed is 140mm/s; Feed distance finishes the back and keeps 80ms.
The present embodiment course of work is positioned over semitubular rivet 5 and plate 7 respectively on the circular orientation spring 4 and die 6 of blank holder 2 shown in Fig. 4 (a)~(f), drives blank holder 2 simultaneously plate 7 is compressed;
Start driving needle 1 swivel feeding, the boss 11 of guiding driving needle 1 is meshing with each other with the groove 10 of manufactured head 8, and continues to promote the rivet swivel feeding until rivet contact plate 7 upper surfaces;
The rotation and the feed speed that increase driving needle 1 according to process requirements make that plate 7 local heating under the acting in conjunction of rivet force and frictional heat is also softening, and semitubular rivet 5 will be pressed into plate 7 gradually and pierce through top plate;
Under the effect of die 6, constantly semitubular rivet 5 shanks that descend of rotation expand outwardly and promote plate 7 and are pressed into die 6 cavitys and form mechanical interlocking connections with plate 7 gradually;
After semitubular rivet 5 axial feed strokes were finished, driving needle 1 drove semitubular rivet 5 and rotates certain hour in position to generate more frictional heat, made that the formation solid phase is connected between semitubular rivet 5 and plate 7 each contact interface;
Driving needle 1 is return initial station with blank holder 2, the joint cooling, and self-piercing frictional rivet welding is finished.
Embodiment 2
The plate 7 of this enforcement is: strong steel DP780+ aluminium alloy AA6061-T6, and promptly high-strength steel is last, and aluminium alloy is following; Sheet metal thickness coupling: 1.4mm+2mm;
Technological parameter: driving needle 1 and rivet engagement stage driving needle 1 rotary speed 90r/min, driving needle 1 feed speed 30mm/s; Rivet welding stage driving needle 1 rotary speed 12000r/min, feed speed 100mm/s; Feed distance finishes the back and keeps 40ms.
Other embodiments of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.