CN101816824A - High-altitude lifesaving slow descender - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a high-altitude lifesaving slow descender comprising a safety support and a hydraulic slow decender, wherein the tail end of the safety support is installed with a circular ring, and the hydraulic slow decender is connected with the safety support through the circular ring. The safety support comprises a transverse bar, a cantilever beam, a vertical bar, a support bar, a positioning sleeve barrel, a short rod, the circular ring and a stop block, and the hydraulic slow decender comprises a speed controller and a rope wheel mechanism. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, strong applicability to environment as well as safety and reliability.

Description

High-altitude life-saving descent device

technical field

The invention relates to a mechanical device, in particular to a mechanical device applied to lifesaving.

Background technique

With the acceleration of the urbanization process, there are more and more high-rise buildings. When unexpected disasters such as fires and earthquakes occur in high-rise buildings, how to make the trapped people escape to a safe area quickly and safely has received increasing attention. From the perspective of portability, rapidity and safety, the descending device is an ideal self-rescue device. The existing life-saving descending devices have the disadvantages of slow speed, inflexible control, poor stability, etc., and there is no descending device realized jointly by a gear mechanism and a hydraulic mechanism. In the past, the descending device needs to be fixed on the wall before use or the holes required for assembly must be reserved on the wall, which is not conducive to rescue at high altitude in an emergency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-altitude life-saving descending device that can be quickly installed on the window sill, and ensures that the user stays away from the building wall, avoids collision with the wall and is injured, and enables the user to descend at a suitable speed and uniform speed.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The high-altitude life-saving descending device includes a safety support and a hydraulic descending device. A ring is installed at the end of the safety support, and the hydraulic descending device is connected to the safety support through the ring.

The high-altitude lifesaving descending device of the present invention can also include:

1. The safety bracket includes a cross bar, a cantilever beam, a vertical bar, a support rod, a positioning sleeve, a short rod, a ring and a block. There is a positioning hole in the middle of the cross bar, and the front end of the cantilever beam passes through The positioning hole on the cross bar is connected with the cross bar. There are 3 to 4 positioning holes on the side of the middle part of the cantilever beam. The positioning sleeve is set on the cantilever beam through the positioning holes on the cantilever beam and is located under the cantilever beam. , one end of the support rod is hingedly connected to the side of the vertical rail rod, and a stopper is installed at the hinged part of the support rod and the vertical rail rod. The stoppers are respectively close to the support rod and the vertical rail rod. A part of the tail end of the cantilever beam is nested in the square groove of the support rod, and a short rod is installed between the connection of the cantilever beam and the crosspiece rod and the positioning hole of the cantilever beam, and the short rod passes through the cantilever beam and connects with the crosspiece The rods are parallel and the ring is mounted on the end of the cantilever beam.

2. The hydraulic descender includes a speed controller and a sheave mechanism, and the speed controller and the sheave mechanism are connected together through the housing of the speed controller.

3. The speed controller includes a speed-up mechanism and a hydraulic speed-down mechanism, the speed-up mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear transmission mechanism, and the hydraulic speed-down mechanism is connected to the speed-speed mechanism through the rear end cover of the hydraulic speed-down mechanism.

4. The rope wheel mechanism includes a wheel body, a left wheel rim, a right wheel rim, a left flywheel, a right flywheel, a coil spring, a shaft, a frame and a hook, and the left flywheel and the right flywheel are installed on the left and right sides of the shaft respectively The outer side of the left flywheel and the right flywheel is equipped with a wheel body. The middle part of the wheel body and the shaft is hollow, and a rope is wrapped around the wheel body. The left and right wheel edges are respectively fixed on both sides of the wheel body. The outer end of the coil spring is connected to the left wheel edge The inner end of the coil spring is connected with the shaft, the frame is a U-shaped structure, the shaft passes through the frame and is in contact with the frame, and a suspension hook is installed on the frame.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, strong applicability to the environment, and safety and reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of the high-altitude lifesaving descending device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a stent structure diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a support retaining rod of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic descending device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the speed controller of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the A-A view of speed controller of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a partially enlarged view of the speed control valve of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structure diagram of the sheave of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

With reference to Figures 1-8, the bracket is used to support the descending device to create better escape conditions for users. The support is mainly composed of a cross bar 1, a cantilever beam 2, a vertical bar 3, a support bar 4, and a positioning sleeve 5. There are two positioning holes in the middle part of the cross bar 1. One end of the cantilever beam 2 is a square groove, and the crossbar 1 can be installed in the groove. The square groove has two holes corresponding to the positioning holes on the crossbar 2. When installing, use bolts to connect the crossbar 1 to the crossbar 2. The cantilever beam 2 is fixedly connected. The other end of the cantilever beam 2 has a ring to hang the descender. In addition, the side of the cantilever beam 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 6 along the Y direction, which can realize the positioning of the hinge sleeve 5 at different positions in the Y direction of the cantilever beam 2, thereby adapting to different wall thicknesses. The vertical bar 3 and the hinge sleeve 5 can move along the Y direction of the cantilever beam 2 together with the hinge sleeve 5 after being hingedly connected. One end of the support rod 4 is a square groove, and the cantilever beam 2 can be nested in the square groove. The connection structure between the support rod 4 and the vertical stop rod 3 is shown in Figure 3. The two are connected by a hinge, and the stopper at the end of the support rod 9 is used to limit the rotation angle of the support rod in the clockwise direction shown in FIG. 3 . The supporting rod 4 mainly has two functions: a. constraining the movement of the vertical bar 3 to turn right; b. shortening the cantilever length of the cantilever beam 2 and improving its use strength.

The hydraulic descender is mainly composed of a speed controller and a rope wheel mechanism. The speed controller is mainly composed of a planetary gear speed-up mechanism and a hydraulic speed-down mechanism, as shown in Figure 5, wherein the gear speed-up mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear transmission mechanism, mainly composed of an external gear center wheel 41, an internal gear Ring 20, internal gear center wheel 46, small planetary wheel 18, large planetary wheel 19, rotating arm 39, input shaft 11, transmission shaft 43, center wheel 41 is connected with shaft 43 through key 40, center wheel 20 is connected by pin 42 It is connected with the speed controller housing, the center wheel 46 is connected with the shaft 11 through threads, the small planetary wheel 18 and the large planetary wheel 19 are connected with the shaft 21 through the key 17, and are connected with the rotating arm 39 through the shaft 21, the bearing 16 and the bearing 22 Connected, the rotating arm 39 is supported on the shaft 43 through the bearing 38 and the bearing 44 , the sun gear 46 is meshed with the planetary gear 18 , and the inner toothed ring gear 20 and the outer toothed sun gear 41 are meshed with the planetary gear 19 . The shaft 11 is supported by the rolling bearing 12 and the rolling bearing 14, which are located in the bearing seat 15, and the shaft 43 is supported by the rolling bearing 37 and the rolling bearing 45, wherein the bearing 45 is located inside the shaft 11. The hydraulic deceleration mechanism is mainly composed of a front end cover 32, a pump body 26, a rear end cover 24, a driven gear 29, a driving gear 35 and a speed control valve. The gear 29 is connected with the shaft 28 of the gear hydraulic pump through a key 27, and the gear 35 passes through The key 33 is connected with the shaft 34 of the gear hydraulic pump, the shaft 28 is supported on the pump body structure by the needle bearing 25 and the needle bearing 30, and the shaft 34 is supported on the pump body structure by the needle bearing 31 and the needle bearing 36, The driven gear 29 and the driving gear 35 are meshed, and the oil suction space and the pressure oil space of the hydraulic pump are formed between the driven gear 29 and the driving gear 35 surfaces, the inner surface of the pump body 26, the front end cover 32 and the rear end cover 24. The speed control valve controls the size of the damping hole that flows through the hydraulic oil in the circulating oil tank by controlling the movement of the screw 48, the push rod 50 and the spring 51. The oil injection hole 47 and the exhaust hole 49 are used for injection into the gear hydraulic pump during maintenance. Hydraulic oil. The hydraulic deceleration mechanism is connected with the planetary gear speed-up mechanism through the rear end cover 24 . The entire speed controller 10 is connected with the frame 57 of the sheave structure through the housing 13 .

Rope wheel mechanism mainly is made up of wheel body 59, left wheel edge 52, right wheel edge 58, left flywheel 54, right flywheel 60, coil spring 53, axle 55 and frame 57. The left flywheel 54 and the right flywheel 60 support the wheel body 59 and the left wheel edge 52 and the right wheel edge 58 on the axle 55, utilize the characteristics of the left flywheel 54, the right flywheel 60 unidirectional transmission, and the elasticity of the coil spring 53 to realize the axle 55 rotation or not. Frame 57 and hook 56 fix the sheave structure on the support.

Refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 for the use of the bracket. For the convenience of description, the window sill is cut open in the figure, and the outer edge of the window sill is the joint of the cantilever beam as the coordinate origin, the outer edge of the window sill is the X axis, and the vertical direction is Z. Axis, parallel to the direction of the cantilever beam is the Y axis, and a space coordinate system is established. Before use, adjust the position of the vertical bar 3 on the cantilever beam 2 according to the thickness of the window sill wall, hang the descending device 8 on the outer ring of the cantilever beam 2, then open the vertical bar 3 and the support bar 4, and place the cantilever beam 2 Place it horizontally on the window sill, and finally place the cross bar 1 in the draw-in groove at the inner end of the cantilever beam 2, and fix it with bolts to complete the installation, and the user can reach the safe ground through the descending device. During the slow-down process, the gravity of the person acts almost entirely on the outer end of the cantilever beam, that is, at the slow-down device. This gravity causes the support to receive a torque along the X-axis direction, so that the cantilever beam 2 has a rotation around the X-axis in the ZOY plane. The tendency to rotate, and the interaction between the vertical bar 3 and the outer wall of the window sill and the interaction between the cross bar 1 and the inner wall of the window sill limits this tendency. The cross bar 1 interacts with the walls on both sides inside the window sill, limiting the movement of the bracket around the Z axis in the XOY plane. In order to prevent the cantilever beam 2 from rotating around the Y axis during the slow down process, a short rod 7 is designed at the contact section between the cantilever beam 2 and the window sill. To sum up, the bracket can be reliably fixed on the window sill by utilizing the structure of the bracket itself and the structure of the window. In addition, the cantilever beam 2 extends out of the window sill for a certain distance during design, which can ensure that the escaped personnel stay away from the wall during the slow descent process, and avoid causing casualties. As shown in Figure 1, the position of the vertical bar 3 in the Y direction of the cantilever beam 2 can be adjusted with the hinged sleeve 5, so this bracket can adapt to walls of different thicknesses. The bracket is easy to use, simple in structure, and easy to disassemble. When storing, the cross bar 1 can be removed, and the vertical bar 3 and the support bar 4 can be folded to save space.

When the weight of the human body acts on the rope 61, it will drive the wheel body structure and the left flywheel 54 and the right flywheel 60 to rotate. Due to the one-way transmission characteristics of the left flywheel 54 and the right flywheel 60, the shaft 55 will be driven to rotate, and the coil spring 53 will store energy at the same time. , and drive the shaft 55 of the speed controller 10 to rotate, the shaft 11 drives the center wheel 46, and through the joint action of the small planetary wheel 18, the large planetary wheel 19 and the center wheel 20, the rotation is transmitted to the center wheel 41, and the center wheel 41 drives the shaft 43, and the rotation is transmitted to the shaft 34 of the gear hydraulic pump through the coupling 23. Under the meshing action of the gear 29 and the gear 35, the inner surface of the pump body 26, the rear end cover 24, the front end cover 32 and the gear surface will pump The body is divided into an oil suction space and an oil pressure space. The speed control valve on the circulating oil tank set on the pump body is used to control the flow of oil flowing through the circulating oil tank, and then adjust and control the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil suction space and the oil pressure space. , so as to form the adjustment and control of the reaction to the rotation of the driven gear 29 and the driving gear 35. This reaction passes through the shaft 34 of the gear hydraulic pump and acts on the shaft 11 through the coupling 23 and the planetary transmission structure, thereby forming the shaft 55. reaction, and then adjust and control the rotating speed of the sheave shaft 55, so that the sheave 59 can run at a constant speed under different mass loads. After the person reaches the ground, because the coil spring 53 stores energy and the one-way transmission characteristics of the left flywheel 54 and the right flywheel 60, the coil spring 53 will drive the rope wheel mechanism to rotate in reverse without driving the speed reduction mechanism behind to move, so that the rope Re-wound onto the wheel and ready for the next use.

Claims (5)

1. The high-altitude life-saving descending device is characterized in that it includes a safety bracket and a hydraulic descending device, a ring is installed at the tail end of the safety bracket, and the hydraulic descending device is connected with the safety bracket through the ring. 2. The high-altitude lifesaving descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the safety bracket includes a cross bar, a cantilever beam, a vertical bar, a support bar, a positioning sleeve, a short bar, a ring and a bar There is a positioning hole in the middle part of the cross bar, and the front end of the cantilever beam is connected with the cross bar through the positioning hole on the cross bar. There are 3 to 4 positioning holes on the side of the middle part of the cantilever beam, and the positioning sleeve passes through The positioning hole on the cantilever beam is set on the cantilever beam and is located below the cantilever beam. One end of the support rod is connected to the side of the vertical rod in a hinged manner, and a stopper is installed at the hinged part of the support rod and the vertical rod. The stoppers are respectively tightened. Paste the support bar and the vertical bar. The other end of the support bar is a square groove. A part of the end of the cantilever beam is nested in the square slot of the support bar. A short rod is installed between the holes, the short rod passes through the cantilever beam and is parallel to the cross bar, and the ring is installed at the tail end of the cantilever beam. 3. The high-altitude life-saving descending device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hydraulic descending device includes a speed controller and a sheave mechanism, and the speed controller and the sheave mechanism are connected through the housing of the speed controller together. 4. The high-altitude lifesaving descending device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the speed controller includes a speed-up mechanism and a hydraulic deceleration mechanism, the speed-up mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear transmission mechanism, and the hydraulic deceleration mechanism passes the hydraulic pressure The rear end cover of the decelerating mechanism is connected with the speed increasing mechanism. 5. The high-altitude life-saving descending device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sheave mechanism includes a wheel body, a left wheel rim, a right wheel rim, a left flywheel, a right flywheel, a coil spring, a shaft, a frame and a suspension The hook, the left flywheel and the right flywheel are installed on the left and right sides of the shaft respectively, and the wheel body is installed on the outside of the left flywheel and the right flywheel. The middle part of the wheel body and the shaft is hollow, and a rope is wrapped around the wheel body. Fix the left wheel rim and the right wheel rim, the outer end of the coil spring is connected with the left wheel rim, and the inner end of the coil spring is connected with the shaft. The frame is a U-shaped structure. The shaft passes through the frame and contacts the frame.

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