CN101813750A - Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101813750A CN101813750A CN200910009216A CN200910009216A CN101813750A CN 101813750 A CN101813750 A CN 101813750A CN 200910009216 A CN200910009216 A CN 200910009216A CN 200910009216 A CN200910009216 A CN 200910009216A CN 101813750 A CN101813750 A CN 101813750A
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and method for detecting wear and aging of a contactor. The device comprises a power on/off detector, a microprocessor system, a velocity sensor and an A/D converter, wherein the power on/off detector is used to detect the closure action of the contactor, and transmit a closure action indication signal when detecting the electrification condition that the contact of the contactor will perform closure action; the microprocessor system is used to output PWM signals of which duty-cycle can be adjusted after receiving the closure action indication signal so as to control on or off of a switch transistor in the contactor; the velocity sensor is used to detect velocity signals in the closure process of the electric contact; the A/D converter is used to convert the velocity signals detected by the velocity sensor to digital signals and output the digital signals to the microprocessor control system; and the microprocessor control system obtains the real displacement from the closure action to real electrical contact of the moving contact through integration of digitized velocity signals to time and judges the wear and aging degree of the contactor based on the real displacement of the moving contact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of contactor wear and aging pick-up unit and method, particularly a kind of external contactor wear and aging pick-up unit and the method in the low-pressure industrial contactor field based on speed pickup.
Background technology
In the use of contactor, arcing and closed the impact cause the situation of wearing and tearing and wearing out to very important information of user Lai Shuoshi to its electrical contact.The present electrical contact wearing and tearing and the detection method of aging situation at contactor only limits to make and detects by an unaided eye and general estimation, the detection system that does not quantize very accurately also, and exist all incomplete defectives.
For example publication number is the method and apparatus that the patented claim of CN1745442A discloses a kind of definite switchgear residual life, but this patented claim is discrete the detection, can detect contact-making switch and whether reach certain threshold level, and detection is less than the attrition value of free position.This patented claim is to come acquired signal by add corresponding electric loop in original vacuum contactor physical construction.Need transform existing vacuum contactor product inner structure.The scheme of the detection certain threshold level that this patented claim provides is to adopt hardware, and the robustness of system is determined by hardware.
Publication number be CN1008957B patent disclosure a kind of circuit-breaker that has contact wear indicator.This patent is to come indirect calculation breaker contact point state of wear whether to change contact with decision by detecting the circuit breaker short circuit electric current.This patent also needs further to estimate verification after detecting.This patent need need three current sample transformers at load line up-sampling signal, and the complex structure cost is more expensive.This patent need be finished Microcomputer Calculation control, more complicated as a reference according to the contact current drain curve of specific isolating switch.
Publication number be CN1068955C patent disclosure the method and apparatus that burns of a kind of monitoring switch device contact, this patent is judged indirectly by the breaking arc voltage that detects main contacts.This patent is to detect when the disjunction of contact.The main contacts arc voltage of this patent sampling is relevant with slider material, structure, load current size, voltage swing, phase place, environment and contact sizes, but does not provide the wearing and tearing of contact and the particular kind of relationship of detected arc voltage in this patent.Even detect the undulate quantity of arc voltage, the criterion that how to adopt this undulate quantity to draw state of wear does not provide, and just provides estimation range roughly.
Publication number is that the patent of EP0694937B1 is to adopt the adding additional springs to detect the degree of wear.The key parameter of the life formula in this patent is chosen and is depended on concrete contactor.This patent needs two cover circuit to draw detection variable, and can influence main circuit structure.This patent is determined residual life by calculating contact switch number of times and each trip time, but under different loads and varying environment, the degree difference of each switch wearing and tearing.
Publication number is that the patented claim of WO9422153A1 is that the mechanism of switch own is improved, and utilizes the singularity sampling vibration signal of this structure to provide state of wear then.And do not provide concrete estimation principle and process.
Publication number be the patented claim of JP4-32119A be by measure auxiliary contact actuation time the detector switch electrical equipment the responsiveness of main contacts, determine the unusual of switch electrical equipment and wear and tear, but do not provide corresponding relation.
Need keep the system of operate as normal for some, the user needs in time to be notified the aging conditions of contactor always, so that their exchange device more timely.Therefore, need find a comprehensive solution to go to detect contactor wear and aging degree, for example simple, be convenient to install, detect accurate or the like.
Summary of the invention
Be directed to the above problem that detection exists to the contactor wear and aging, we have proposed a kind of novel solution.This scheme can be under the situation that does not change the inner main electric and physical construction of contactor, only need externally increase an electric attachments, by detecting the speed of contactor outside and contact linkage part, comparatively accurately detect contactor wear and aging situation, so that remind the client to change timely.
According to the present invention, a kind of device that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor is provided, wherein said contactor comprises: electro-pneumatic contact that is oppositely arranged and electric static contact, and movable core that is oppositely arranged and secured core; Described movable core links to each other with described electro-pneumatic contact machinery, described secured core is holding control coil therein, by a switching transistor control coil being carried out the on/off electricity makes secured core to movable core generation/elimination electromagnetic attraction, drive electro-pneumatic, static contact closure or disconnection, the device that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor comprises: the power on/off detecting device, be used to detect the energising/outage action of contactor, after detecting the energising situation that probe of contactor will carry out closed action, provide the closed action indicator signal; Microprocessor system, after receiving the closed action indicator signal of power on/off detecting device, the pwm signal of exporting one group of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio comes the transistorized conducting of gauge tap and ends; Speed pickup is used for from the rate signal of the described electrical contact closing course of external detection; The A/D analog to digital converter is used for converting the rate signal that described speed pickup detects to digital signal, outputs to microprocessor control system then; Wherein microprocessor control system is by carrying out integration with digitized rate signal at the time, what obtain moving contact begins the displacement of the reality the process till the electric contact of reality from closed action, and, judge the wear and aging degree of contactor based on the displacement of the reality of moving contact.
Wherein said speed pickup detects rate signal the described electrical contact closing course by the speed from the parts of external detection and electrical contact interlock.
The described device that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor also comprises the DC control supply generator, produces the contactor wear and aging that is used for that is fit to according to input voltage and detects required direct supply.
Wherein the DC control supply generator is input as alternating voltage.
The wherein said device that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor is positioned at the outside of contactor main body physical construction.
Wherein when being about to electric contact takes place, microprocessor system can be adjusted the dutycycle of pwm signal, contact speed generation obvious speed descends when making probe of contactor that electric contact take place, and microprocessor system judges that the moment that the appearance of contact speed is obviously die-offed is the moment of the electric contact of contact.
Wherein microprocessor system is passed through the displacement of the nominal of relatively actual displacement and contactor, the situation that the contact that obtains quantizing is aging, and need to judge whether the replacing contactor.
According to the present invention, a kind of method that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor is provided, comprise step: the energising/outage that detects contactor is moved; In the energising course of action, detect the real-time speed of the electro-pneumatic contact closure process of contactor; Speed is detected the real-time speed that step obtains carry out integration at the time, what obtain moving contact begins the displacement of the reality the process till the electric contact of reality from closed action, and, judge the wear and aging degree of contactor based on the displacement of the reality of moving contact.
Wherein by the displacement of the reality of contactor relatively and the displacement of the nominal of contactor, the situation that the contact that obtains quantizing is aging, and need to judge whether the replacing contactor.
Contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the present invention and method are simple, and compact conformation has good practical prospect.
Description of drawings
By below in conjunction with the detailed description of accompanying drawing, will understand the present invention better to example embodiment.It should be clearly understood that described example embodiment only is as an illustration and example, and the invention is not restricted to this.The spirit and scope of the present invention are only limited by the particular content of appended claims.Brief description of drawings is described below, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of common contactor, and wherein Zuo Ce photo illustrates the inner structure of the actual product of contactor, the right side be corresponding structural representation;
Fig. 2 illustrates the circuit diagram according to the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the process flow diagram according to the contactor wear and aging detection method of the embodiment of the invention;
Picture when Fig. 4 illustrates according to actual use of the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a kind of common contactor, and wherein Zuo Ce photo illustrates the inner structure of the actual product of contactor, the right side be corresponding structural representation.Contactor as shown in Figure 1 comprises the housing (not shown), is contained in contact and iron core in the housing.Described contact comprises electro-pneumatic contact 1 and the electric static contact 2 that is oppositely arranged, and described iron core comprises movable core 3 and the secured core 4 that is oppositely arranged.Described movable core 3 links to each other with described electro-pneumatic contact 1 machinery, and described secured core 4 is holding control coil 5 therein.By to control coil 5 energising, described movable core 3 is produced suction spur that it is downward, drive described electro-pneumatic contact 1 simultaneously and described electric static contact 2 closures downwards, when contacting, they realize electric contact.After two contact contacts, described movable core 3 also can move downward a segment distance again, on two iron core closures, to guarantee that electrical contact contacts reliably.
In the present invention, in order to reach the purpose of measuring contacts loss, can by when closed action take place, detect probe of contactor and begin to go to judge the situation of its loss to the variation of the displacement that electric contact takes place from action.
And above said displacement X can increase before the specific wear after the electrical contact wearing and tearing.The present invention just by detecting the increase of displacement X, judges the abrasion condition of contact.
In order to realize detecting the purpose that X changes, need following message: moving contact 1 displacement all the time; Electric position contacting takes place in moving contact 1.The present invention adopts the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of Fig. 2 to obtain above-mentioned information.
Fig. 2 illustrates the circuit diagram according to the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, contactor wear and aging pick-up unit 6 according to the embodiment of the invention is positioned at outside the contactor body, and comprises microprocessor system 61, speed pickup 62, A/D analog to digital converter 63, DC control supply generator 64, power on/off detecting device 65.
DC control supply generator 64 is according to the interchange of importing or refer to that DC voltage produces the contactor wear and aging that is used for that is fit to and detects required direct supply, preferably, is input as alternating voltage.
Power on/off detecting device 65 detects the electric power thus supplied of contactor.After detecting the connection situation that probe of contactor will carry out closed action, power on/off detecting device 65 provides closed action indicator signal notice microprocessor control system 61 and detects to carry out the contactor wear and aging.
After receiving the closed action indicator signal of power on/off detecting device 65, the pwm signal that microprocessor system 61 can one group of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio of output by driver 7 gauge tap transistor Q conducting and end, thereby control is by the electric current of control coil 5.Wherein, if the driving force of the pwm control signal of the EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio of microprocessor control system 61 outputs is enough, also can in A.C. contactor, omit driver 7.
Simultaneously when judging that according to real-time displacement x contactor is about to take place electric contact, microprocessor system 61 can be adjusted the dutycycle of pwm signal, contact speed generation obvious speed decline when making probe of contactor that electric contact take place, have the speed pickup of mechanical connection can detect this speed in real time with contact and descend, thereby microprocessor system 61 judges that the moment that obviously die-offing appears in contact speed is the moment of the electric contact of contact.When judging when electric contact has taken place by detecting die-off microprocessor system 61 of this speed, microprocessor system 61 stops this rate signal at the integral and calculating of time, obtains the displacement X of reality.Microprocessor system 61 is by the displacement Xr of the nominal of relatively actual displacement X and contactor, the situation that the contact that obtains quantizing is aging, and judge whether to change contactor, promptly when the difference of actual displacement X and the displacement Xr of nominal surpassed a predetermined threshold value, microprocessor system 61 provided the indicator signal of replacing contactor.
Therefore, contactor wear and aging pick-up unit 6 of the present invention can detect in the contactor closed action processes speed with the electrical contact linkage part by speed pickup 62, thereby realized aging detection in the contactor outside, need not the contactor inner structure is changed.
Contactor wear and aging pick-up unit 6 of the present invention is adjusted the dutycycle of pwm signal by microprocessor system 61, make probe of contactor an obvious speed decline phenomenon when electric contact, occur, have the speed pickup of mechanical connection can detect this speed in real time with contact and descend, thereby microprocessor system 61 is judged the moment of the electric contact of contact.
Contactor wear and aging pick-up unit 6 of the present invention carries out time integral calculating by the signal of 61 pairs of speed pickups 62 of microprocessor system, obtain real-time displacement, detect the contact position of judging contactor, omitted the bigger displacement transducer of employed volume in traditional contact position detection.
The setting of the concrete parameter in the microprocessor system 61 of contactor wear and aging pick-up unit 6 of the present invention, PWM control algolithm can design according to concrete product parameters.This can realize for those of ordinary skills fully, at this, omits the detailed description to above-mentioned specific design.
Fig. 3 illustrates the process flow diagram according to the contactor wear and aging detection method of the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, at step S1, detect probe of contactor and carry out power-on servicing or carry out power operation, just detection contact disconnects action or carries out closed action.
If carry out power-on servicing, then carry out step S2, by speed pickup sampling contact movement velocity v
iCalculate the real-time displacement x=∑ v of contact then at step S3
i* Δ t, wherein x is the real-time displacement of contact, v
iBe the real-time sampling speed of contact, Δ t is a sampling interval.Carry out step S4 then, judge whether electric contact of contact, if determine that then the actual displacement X of contact equals the real-time displacement x of this moment, and proceed to step S6 at step S4.If contact does not also have electric contact, return step S2, continue sampling contact movement velocity.
At step S6, judge when whether difference between the nominal displacement Xr of the actual displacement X of contact and contact surpasses a predetermined threshold value, if surpass predetermined threshold, then change contactor in step S7 prompting, finish then.If do not surpass predetermined threshold, then at step S8, the output loss degree information finishes then.
If carry out power operation, then end operation.
Picture during according to actual use of the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, be positioned at the outside of the contactor on right side, be positioned at the left side transparent outer cover according to the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention.
Be convenient to install according to the contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the embodiment of the invention, only need add the function that a wear and aging pick-up unit annex can be realized abrasion detection, need not to open contactor in the contactor outside; And can quantize to detect, the quantization parameter that can provide the contactor loss by contactor wear and aging pick-up unit and method according to the embodiment of the invention, such as loss 1/2,3/4 or the like, the user can change in real time according to actual conditions.
Contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the present invention and method with above-mentioned feature have following characteristics: detection mode is a continuous detecting,, can detect the attrition value of contactor in the contact of any steady-working state that is; The acquisition mode of the speed pickup that is adopted is to be connected on the contactor as an annex and can not change existing contactor product inner structure and real work; Raw velocity signal by the contactor closing course of gathering is handled by microprocessor system, automatically provide the testing result prompting, and detecting is subjected to the interference of contactor system works less, do not rely on the historical data that detect of contactor, it is less influenced by the electric parameter of practical operation and environmental parameter, and robustness is stronger.
Contactor wear and aging pick-up unit of the present invention and method are simple, and compact conformation has good practical prospect.
Those skilled in the art can clearly learn, can carry out various improvement and variation to contactor wear and aging pick-up unit and method according to the embodiment of the invention.Those skilled in the art will clearly learn other embodiment by the actual effect of considering instructions and contactor wear and aging pick-up unit and method.Should be understood that instructions and example only are to consider as an example, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor, wherein said contactor comprises: electro-pneumatic contact (1) that is oppositely arranged and electric static contact (2), and movable core that is oppositely arranged (3) and secured core (4); Described movable core (3) links to each other with described electro-pneumatic contact (1) machinery, described secured core (4) is holding control coil (5) therein, by a switching transistor (Q) control coil (5) being carried out the on/off electricity makes secured core (4) to movable core (3) generation/elimination electromagnetic attraction, drive electro-pneumatic, static contact is closed or disconnect, the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor is characterised in that and comprises:
Power on/off detecting device (65) is used to detect the energising of contactor/outage action, after detecting the energising situation that probe of contactor will carry out closed action, provides the closed action indicator signal;
Microprocessor system (61), after the closed action indicator signal that receives power on/off detecting device (65), the pwm signal of exporting one group of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio comes the conducting of gauge tap transistor (Q) and ends;
Speed pickup (62) is used for from the rate signal of the described electrical contact closing course of external detection;
A/D analog to digital converter (63) is used for converting the rate signal that described speed pickup (62) detects to digital signal, outputs to microprocessor control system (61) then;
Wherein microprocessor control system (61) is by carrying out integration with digitized rate signal at the time, what obtain moving contact begins the displacement of the reality the process till the electric contact of reality from closed action, and, judge the wear and aging degree of contactor based on the displacement of the reality of moving contact.
2. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said speed pickup (62) detects rate signal the described electrical contact closing course by the speed from the parts of external detection and electrical contact interlock.
3. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 1 also comprises
DC control supply generator (64) produces the contactor wear and aging that is used for that is fit to according to input voltage and detects required direct supply.
4. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 3, wherein DC control supply generator (64) is input as alternating voltage.
5. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 3, the device (6) that wherein is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor is positioned at the outside of contactor main body physical construction.
6. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein when being about to electric contact takes place, microprocessor system (61) can be adjusted the dutycycle of pwm signal, contact speed generation obvious speed descends when making probe of contactor that electric contact take place, and microprocessor system (61) judges that the moment that the appearance of contact speed is obviously die-offed is the moment of the electric contact of contact.
7. the device (6) that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein microprocessor system (61) is by the displacement of the nominal of relatively actual displacement and contactor, the situation that the contact that obtains quantizing is aging, and judge whether to need to change contactor.
8. method that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor comprises step:
Detect the energising/outage action of contactor;
In the energising course of action, detect the real-time speed of the electro-pneumatic contact closure process of contactor;
Speed is detected the real-time speed that step obtains carry out integration at the time, what obtain moving contact begins the displacement of the reality the process till the electric contact of reality from closed action, and, judge the wear and aging degree of contactor based on the displacement of the reality of moving contact.
9. the method that is used to detect the wear and aging of contactor as claimed in claim 8, wherein by the displacement of the reality of contactor relatively and the displacement of the nominal of contactor, the situation that the contact that obtains quantizing is aging, and need to judge whether the replacing contactor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910009216.3A CN101813750B (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor |
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| CN200910009216.3A CN101813750B (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor |
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| CN101813750A true CN101813750A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| CN101813750B CN101813750B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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| CN104316794A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for testing electrical properties of AC contactor contact material and method for testing electrical properties of contact material using the device |
| CN105305528A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2016-02-03 | 西门子公司 | Function and wear monitoring in charging device for electric vehicle |
| CN105900201A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-08-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising the switching device |
| CN106383015A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-02-08 | 上海工程技术大学 | Vibration testing mechanism for frame-type air circuit breaker |
| CN107727694A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-23 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of pantograph carbon slide component and its wear detecting method |
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| WO2020204377A1 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | 엘에스일렉트릭(주) | Contact monitoring device for vacuum circuit breaker and vacuum circuit breaker comprising same |
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| CN105900201A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-08-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising the switching device |
| CN105900201B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2019-01-15 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For switching the switching device of high current and the battery system with this switching device |
| CN105305528A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2016-02-03 | 西门子公司 | Function and wear monitoring in charging device for electric vehicle |
| CN105305528B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2020-07-10 | 西门子公司 | Function and wear monitoring in a charging device for an electric vehicle |
| CN104316794A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for testing electrical properties of AC contactor contact material and method for testing electrical properties of contact material using the device |
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