CN101813478A - Ground sedimentation monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological condition monitoring, in particular to a ground sedimentation monitoring system which comprises a plurality of sensors, a programmed data acquisition unit and a data acquisition processing server. The sensors are arranged in a borehole extensometer and a water level well. A star topology structure consists of the sensors and the data acquisition unit, and the data acquisition processing server establishes connection with the data acquisition unit. The ground sedimentation monitoring system is characterized in that the data acquisition unit is connected with a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)module which is connected with a fixed IP server by a CDMA network, the fixed IP server is connected with a communication port of the data acquisition processing server by an LAN (Local Area Network), unique code corresponding to a placing area is stored in each sensor, and the data acquisition processing server is internally provided with an item table for recording and setting the code information corresponding to sensor codes. The invention has the advantages of acquiring ground sedimentation monitoring data in real time with high efficiency and overcoming the defects of long period and less data of manual monitoring.

Description

Land Subsidence Monitoring System

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of geological condition monitoring, in particular to a ground subsidence monitoring system.

Background technique

Land subsidence includes natural land subsidence and man-made land subsidence. One of the natural land subsidence is the diagenetic process of the loose or semi-loose sedimentary layer on the surface under the action of gravity, from loose to fine; the other is the land subsidence caused by geological tectonic movement, earthquake, etc. The hazards of land subsidence mainly include: (1) destroying buildings and production facilities; (2) not conducive to construction and resource development. Areas where land subsidence occurs are areas with unstable strata, requiring more investment in construction and resource development during urban construction and resource development, and production capacity is also limited; (3) causing seawater intrusion. Land subsidence areas mostly appear in coastal areas. When the ground subsides close to the sea level, seawater intrusion occurs, salinizing the soil and groundwater. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the surface and groundwater level subsidence correctly at any time and provide standard data for the prediction and forecast of land subsidence.

The existing automatic monitoring system is a distributed structure composed of upper computer and lower computer, and the data transmission is realized through the public telephone network. The host computer of the control center selects the communication object through the telephone number of each field unit. First, the upper computer sends an RTS signal to the MODEM to ask whether the MODEM is ready. After the MODEM receives it, if it is ready, it sends a CTS signal to the upper computer to respond. The data link between the upper computer and the lower computer is established successfully. Next, the data transmission can be carried out. The upper computer sends data through the TD line and returns the data through the RD line. Because the on-site measurement and control unit is unattended, its MODEM should be set as an automatic answering mode, and it is set up through the AA signal. In the above data transmission mode, if sometimes the connection cannot be made due to the quality of the line or the line is occupied or the MODEM handshake fails during the transmission, the corresponding processing method is to retry after a set time interval. If retrying N times (can be set ) fails, it will give the message that the line is different.

This data transmission mode is not safe, and problems such as connection difficulties and connection errors often occur, and real-time automatic data transmission cannot be realized. Moreover, the above-mentioned monitoring system does not support the expansion of network nodes and the adoption of new equipment; it also does not support the processing and analysis of subsequent data.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface subsidence monitoring system based on the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Feasible, stable and reliable automatic monitoring technology for operation in land subsidence monitoring stations.

The object of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

A ground subsidence monitoring system, including a plurality of sensors arranged in layered marks and water level wells, a programmed data acquisition unit and a data acquisition and processing server, the sensors and data acquisition units form a star topology, and the data The acquisition processing server is connected with the data acquisition unit, and it is characterized in that: the data acquisition unit is connected with a CDMA module, and the CDMA module is connected with a fixed IP server through a CDMA network, and the fixed IP server is connected with the said fixed IP server through a local area network. The communication port of the data collection and processing server, the sensor stores a unique code corresponding to the placement area, and the data collection and processing server is provided with an item table for recording and setting the number information corresponding to the sensor code.

The data collection unit establishes a connection with the data collection and processing server through a satellite transmission system.

The data collection and processing server transmits data information to a database server through the Internet or a local area network, and the database server is used to provide connected computer users with data information.

The data collection processing server is provided with a real-time collection unit, and the real-time collection unit is used to control the communication network between the data collection processing server and the data collection unit, and save the original data collected by the data collection unit to the data collection unit. processed within the server.

The data collection and processing server includes a system management module, which is used to record and manage the user name of the user and the information of the login password corresponding to the user name, and provide the service of querying the user data.

The data collection and processing server includes a data processing module, which is provided with multiple optional data processing models, and processes and calculates the original data according to a selected data processing model.

The data processing module removes erroneous data in the original data.

The data processing module verifies the rationality and authenticity of the original data according to the selected data processing model, and saves the verified data to the database server.

The data collection and processing server includes a data analysis module for generating graphs from the raw data.

The generated graphs include single sensor data duration graphs, multiple sensor data duration graphs, multiple sensor data same time graphs and comprehensive analysis graphs.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Obtain accurate land subsidence monitoring data in real time and efficiently;

2. Massive and continuous monitoring data can provide rich basic data for land subsidence research and prevention, and make up for the shortcomings of long manual monitoring period and less data;

3. It can be popularized and applied in the construction and renovation of land subsidence monitoring stations in the future;

4. With the continuous improvement of the construction and renovation of land subsidence monitoring stations, a more scientific, advanced and modern land subsidence monitoring network can be established.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure principle of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of each functional unit of the system;

Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of the data acquisition system of the ground monitoring station;

Figure 4 is the table of main technical parameters of GeoKon4675 static level (Table 1);

Figure 5 is the list of supporting equipment for the GeoKon4675 static level (Table 2);

Figure 6 is the main parameter table of In-SituLevelTroll500 automatic water level gauge (Table 3);

Figure 7 is a list of supporting equipment for In-SituLevelTroll500 automatic water level gauge (Table 4).

Detailed ways

The features of the present invention and other related features will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through embodiments, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art:

As shown in Figure 1-7, the labels respectively represent: sensor 1, data acquisition unit 2, CDMA module 3, fixed IP server 4, data acquisition and processing server 5, database server 6, local area network 7, Internet 8, user 9, satellite transmission System 10.

1. Brief description of system principle and operation mode

The operating environment of the system network is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from the figure that the whole system is mainly composed of three parts: the control system of the land subsidence monitoring center, which is the data acquisition and processing server, the transmission system and the on-site automatic measurement system. Among them, the central control system includes a data collection and processing server 5 and a database server 6, which are data collection and data processing management servers, equipped with measurement and control software and database software, and are responsible for managing the working status of each on-site measurement system through control instructions, retrieving measurement data and Carry out data management, analysis, processing and chart output, this part is the server software compiled with .net technology, which is the core part of the whole system; the transmission system includes CDMA module 3, fixed IP server 4, which uses network technology to directly use CDMA The wireless network realizes the two-way transmission of control instructions and measurement data; the on-site measurement system is composed of a star topology network structure composed of sensors 1 and data acquisition unit 2, and the data acquisition unit 2 is mainly used to manage sensor 1 and collect, store and send measurements data.

China successively launched three "Beidou" geostationary orbit test navigation satellites on October 31, 2000, December 21, 2000 and May 5, 2003, forming the "Beidou" regional navigation system (note: also known as "Beidou 1 generation" satellite navigation system). The system has positioning, timing, message and GPS wide-area differential functions within China and its surrounding areas.

The present invention utilizes the message function of Beidou to carry out information transmission and communication, connects the satellite transmission system 10 through the data collection unit 2, encrypts the real-time data collected and then sends it to the data collection and processing server 5 in the form of a message, not only data security Reliable, and the transmission efficiency is extremely high, so as to form a supplementary information transmission system with the aforementioned CDMA wireless network, it will play an important role in remote areas or when major geological disasters cause (wired or wireless) signal interruptions.

The process of running the whole system:

After setting the data collector system software of the land subsidence monitoring station, the data of the sensor 1 in the land subsidence monitoring station can be collected in real time (the current frequency is 10 minutes/time), and the data is stored in the memory of the data acquisition unit 2 middle. A central control system is installed in the data collection and processing server 5 of the project team, wherein the automatic data collection receiving software obtains the collected data from the standard room data collection unit 2 memory at a certain frequency through the wireless module, and performs data processing on the collected raw data. processing, and finally store the original data and the processed and calculated data in the database of the database server 6, providing an effective and reliable data source for the land subsidence analysis.

2. Equipment selection and function

In this embodiment, the sensor 1 includes a digital water level gauge and a static level.

Among them, the static level adopts the GeoKon4675 static level of GeoKon Company of the United States. Based on the principle of the connecting pipe, the static level uses a vibrating wire sensor to measure the relative change of the liquid level in each measuring point container, and then calculates the settlement relative to the reference point through the calculation formula, as follows:

The change in level of any particular container (reservoir) in the system is calculated by the following formula:

ΔEL _n =(R1 _n －R0 _n )G _n －(R0 _Ref －R1 _Ref )G _Ref

in:

ΔEL _n ------The liquid level change of container n, that is, the settlement of this point relative to the reference point

R1 _n -------- current reading of container n

R0 _n -------- initial reading of container n

G _n --------- n container sensor coefficient

R0 _Ref ------- The initial reading of the reference container

R1 _Ref ------- The current reading of the reference container

G _Ref --------reference container sensor coefficient

Note: A negative value of ΔEL _x indicates a subsidence (a positive value of ΔEL _x indicates an increase).

GeoKon4675 static level is a high-precision liquid level system, which is designed to measure the relative settlement of multiple points. In use, a series of sensor containers are connected by PVC liquid pipes, and the liquid level of each container is measured by a precision vibrating wire force sensor. There is a free suspended weight in the sensor. Once the liquid level changes, the suspended weight The buoyancy force of the suspension is sensed by the sensor, and the vertical change as small as 0.001 inch (0.025mm) can be accurately measured.

In the multi-point system, the vertical displacement of all sensors is relative to one point, and the vertical displacement of this point is relatively constant or can be accurately determined by other artificial observation means.

The features of GeoKon4675 static level are shown in Tables 1 and 2 (see attached drawings 4 and 5):

The digital water level gauge adopts In-SituLevelTroll500 automatic water level gauge.

The principle of the digital water level gauge is to directly act on the diaphragm of the sensor (stainless steel or ceramics) through the pressure of the measured medium, so that the diaphragm produces a micro-displacement proportional to the pressure of the medium, so that the resistance value of the sensor changes, and electronically The circuit detects this change and converts the output to a standard measurement signal corresponding to this pressure. The digital water level gauge uses a silicon strain pressure sensor to measure pressure. Through the conversion of the linear formula, the water level is obtained. And there is a temperature sensor to measure the water temperature at the same time. The ventilation cable is used to connect the water level gauge to the atmosphere, compensate the atmospheric pressure, and reduce the influence of atmospheric pressure changes on the water level. During automatic monitoring, the water level gauge is placed in the monitoring well and connected by a cable. One section of the cable is connected to the water level gauge, and the other end is suspended at the wellhead, and connected to the automatic data acquisition system through a special interface.

In-SituLevelTroll500 type automatic water level gauge has its own gas pipe, which is well protected, does not need to be compensated by air pressure, is fully sealed, has an internal integrated data collection and storage unit, and has its own battery, which can independently complete data collection and recording without external power supply. Easy to install. Support third-party data collection system. The cable can be extended to meet the needs of water level changes. There is a drying device to prevent the influence of water vapor on the instrument, and the measurement depth is large, with a maximum support of 346 meters. The characteristics of the American In-SituLevelTroll500 automatic water level gauge are shown in Tables 3 and 4 (see attached drawings 6 and 7):

In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit 2 selects CR1000 from Campbell Company of the United States.

The CR1000 of Campbell Company in the United States has good stability and strong environmental adaptability, and the theoretical minimum acquisition frequency can reach one second. Our hospital has fully mastered the core technology of Campbell CR1000, and can independently design monitoring schemes and systems. Therefore, the system uses CR1000 data acquisition system for automatic data acquisition of water level and layered targets.

In order to grasp the real-time changes of data, ensure the real-time performance of data collection, and meet the needs of land subsidence research, the data collection unit 2 will use a fixed frequency of 30 minutes/time to measure and collect data on water level, water temperature and layered elevation.

Communication is an important part of the automatic real-time acquisition system, and it is also the channel for transmitting monitoring data. Due to the wide distribution of monitoring stations and the limitation of the environment, wireless communication is the first choice. CDMA wireless communication has become a hot spot in current wireless communication due to its good stability, high bandwidth, low radiation, high data confidentiality and low cost. Therefore, the project team uses CDMA wireless communication for automatic data collection and transmission. CDMA module 3 is a Taiwan HelicommMA8-9iQ communication module, which uses visualization software and is very convenient and simple to configure. Low power consumption products, 12V DC power supply. Industrial grade products, -40~85 wide temperature range.

3. Monitoring point and equipment setting and installation method

Monitoring point layout

According to different ground conditions, bury the steel bar to the depth of the bottom layer, and then add a casing outside the steel bar, so that the steel bar will be integrated with the soil layer. This monitoring point is called a layered mark. If the steel bar is directly buried in the Inside the bedrock, such monitoring points are called bedrock markers. The prefix of the layered mark is F, followed by numbers in sequence, namely F1, F2, F3...; the prefix of the bedrock mark is J, and the numbers are arranged according to different regions, respectively, J1, J2, J3....

According to the distribution of different depths of the groundwater level, from the surface drilling to the corresponding water layer, set the number respectively, the prefix is the name of the district and county plus the number of the base rock mark, followed by the numbers and the letter W in order, respectively: Pu 024-1W, Pu 024-1W, Pu 024-2W,...

Monitoring point setting

After logging into the land subsidence automatic monitoring information management system, click the layered icon on the point map, set the point number as the actual corresponding monitoring point number, and save the data to the database to complete the setting of the monitoring point.

Sensor setting method

Sensor installation

Install static levels and automatic water level gauges in the stratification marks and water level wells respectively, and set the sensor numbers to be consistent with the corresponding stratification marks or water level wells.

sensor settings

After logging in the land subsidence automatic monitoring information management system, click the sensor icon on the point map, set the sensor number as the actual corresponding sensor number, and save the data to the database to complete the sensor setting.

4. Some functions of the system software

The data acquisition unit 2 of the land subsidence monitoring station functions: mainly through the development of CRBasic programs to manage sensors, regularly collect sensor data, store collected data, and send collected data according to the instructions of the server center processing software. This part is mainly the acquisition function unit at the bottom layer, and its function is shown in Figure 2.

Functions of land subsidence automatic monitoring information management system.

See Figure 3, the function description of each module of this management system

1. System management module

a), authority management

Add new user: Add a new legal user of the system, including user name and password.

Delete User: Delete the existing system user name and password.

Password modification: Modify the existing user name and password.

b), database management

Data query: query and display data according to user requirements.

Data source: ODBC is used for database connection, and data source configuration is required; if there is already a data source, you can select an existing data source for database connection.

Data storage and backup: save data to database, database backup or export database to other storage devices.

Database Compression: Compress the database to save hard disk space.

, real-time data acquisition module

The real-time collection module is responsible for the real-time collection of water level and layered data, and obtains the data stored in the data collector in the data collection system of the ground monitoring station according to the communication parameters, collection time and collection frequency set by the user, realizing unattended automatic real-time data collection.

a) Communication settings: CR1000 can communicate in the following two ways: serial port communication or fixed IP address. If using serial port communication, you need to set the serial port number and communication rate; if using IP address communication, you need to set a fixed IP address and port number.

b) Establish/disconnect connection: establish or disconnect the connection between the computer and the data acquisition system through the communication protocol provided by the special command, and establish a bridge for data communication and transmission.

c), Automatic collection and data storage: The automatic collection function includes the following parts: automatic collection parameter setting, automatic collection, and automatic storage of original data to the system database.

, data processing module

The data processing module extracts the original data, processes the original data according to the data processing model selected by the user, eliminates the wrong data or reduces the system error, and restores the data as close to the real value as possible.

a), processing model selection: select an effective and reasonable data processing model according to different collection periods, different regions or data

b) Gross error elimination: Eliminate wrong data and reduce data errors.

c), data verification: according to the selected data processing model, check the rationality and authenticity of the data, and save the data after verification to the database.

d), data management: manage data, including data addition, deletion, modification, format conversion, etc.

e) Data calculation: Calculate the water level change result and layered standard settlement according to the calculation formula provided by the sensor.

, data analysis module

The data analysis module mainly provides services for the analysis and research of land subsidence. Data analysis includes curve generation, curve saving and printing, and analysis of changing trends, prompts and reminders for abnormal data, so as to attract users' attention.

a) Curve analysis: Curve analysis includes a single sensor data duration curve, multiple sensor data curves at the same time, comprehensive analysis curves, etc.

b), system reminder: (1) data abnormality reminder; (2) curve change trend abnormality reminder; (3) cumulative change alarm;

c) Statistical analysis of data: analyze the data within the time period selected by the user, and reflect the time when the most value appears and the variation range, so that the user can better and more intuitively understand the overall change of the data.

d) Batch calculation of observation results: batch recalculation of the data in the database. In this way, data adjustment calculation and gross error elimination can be performed after the data is partially modified. ``

, data output module

The system management module is responsible for the authority and data management of the system. Authority management mainly includes: adding new users, deleting users, and changing user passwords; data management mainly includes: data query, data maintenance, data storage, and database compression.

a) Output setting: set the output type, format, content, etc., and can also output according to user conditions.

b) Generate report: output to a report file in a specific format according to the setting, and save it.

c), report printing: report printout.

Five, the main advantages of the system

1. Collection mode

In order to better and more comprehensively analyze and compare the data of the land subsidence monitoring station, this system adopts an unattended real-time collection mode. That is to say, all the data collection processes including data timing collection, data collection troubleshooting, collection data gross error elimination, collection data calculation and processing, and collection data storage are all completed by the system software. On the basis of setting the corresponding collection frequency, a real-time collection system without human intervention is fully realized. CR1000 core program upload and download, adjust collection content and monitoring frequency at any time.

2. Communication

This system adopts the CDMA wireless communication method. The existing land subsidence monitoring system uses a dial-up connection. Compared with the dial-up connection, the CDMA wireless communication speed is faster and the stability is higher. Meet the needs of real-time collection. The communication method of the old system can still complete manual data collection, but dial-up Internet access in real-time collection mode cannot compare with network communication in terms of stability, speed, traffic, cost, and convenience. With the emergence and development of 3G technology, our hospital upgraded equipment and software in time, and directly adopted 3G technology for data transmission, which greatly improved the transmission efficiency and reduced the risk of data loss.

3. Data expression

This system will increase the functions of land subsidence monitoring station location plan query, abnormal data alarm and so on. The expression form of data has been enriched a lot.

4. Security

The system plans and manages user rights, and different levels of user types have different restrictions on the functions operated by non-technical personnel. The system uses SQL Server as the system database, which has large capacity and high data security, and because it is a non-exclusive database, it can be viewed while storing without affecting the functional operation.

Claims (10)

1. A land subsidence monitoring system, comprising a plurality of sensors, programmed data acquisition units and data acquisition processing servers arranged in layered marks and water level wells, said sensors and data acquisition units form a star topology, so The data acquisition processing server is connected with the data acquisition unit, and it is characterized in that: the data acquisition unit is connected with a CDMA module, and the CDMA module is connected with a fixed IP server through a CDMA network, and the fixed IP server is connected with a local area network. The communication port of the data collection and processing server, the sensor stores a unique code corresponding to the placement area, and the data collection and processing server is provided with an item table for recording and setting the number information corresponding to the sensor code. 2. A land subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that said data collection unit establishes a connection with said data collection and processing server through a satellite transmission system. 3. A kind of ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said data acquisition and processing server transmits data information to database server through Internet or local area network, and said database server is used to provide the computer connected thereto User data information. 4. A land subsidence monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein a real-time acquisition unit is arranged in the data acquisition processing server, and the real-time acquisition unit is used to control the connection between the data acquisition processing server and the data acquisition unit. The communication network among them, and the original data collected by the data collection unit are stored in the data collection and processing server. 5. A kind of ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described data collection and processing server comprises system management module, is used for recording, managing the user name of described user and corresponding to described user name information about the login password, and provide the service of querying the user data. 6. A kind of ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described data collection processing server comprises data processing module, is provided with a plurality of optional data processing models in it, and according to a selected The data processing model processes and calculates the original data. 7. A ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that said data processing module eliminates erroneous data in the original data. 8. A kind of ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that said data processing module checks the rationality and authenticity of the original data according to the selected data processing model, and saves the data after checking to the database server. 9. A land subsidence monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that said data collection and processing server includes a data analysis module for generating graphs from said raw data. 10. A kind of ground subsidence monitoring system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that the graph that described generation comprises single sensor data duration graph, a plurality of sensor data duration graphs, multiple sensor data same time graphs and Comprehensive analysis graph.

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