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CN101787930A - Thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combustion - Google Patents

Thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101787930A
CN101787930A CN201010102671A CN201010102671A CN101787930A CN 101787930 A CN101787930 A CN 101787930A CN 201010102671 A CN201010102671 A CN 201010102671A CN 201010102671 A CN201010102671 A CN 201010102671A CN 101787930 A CN101787930 A CN 101787930A
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China
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gas
oxygen
gas turbine
water
combustion
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Pending
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CN201010102671A
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尤彪
林向阳
熊兆荣
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BEIJING MINGDU HOUDE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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BEIJING MINGDU HOUDE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal circulation process of a gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combustion, which comprises the following steps: compressing liquid fuel or gas; compressing oxygen gas or oxygen-enriched air; carrying out mixed combustion of the liquid fuel or the gas and the oxygen gas or the oxygen-enriched air; spraying water for controlling temperature; expanding high temperature and high pressure flue gas after combustion in the gas turbine for applying work; cooling most of water vapor in tail gas with circulating water in a condenser, wherein the condensed water circulates to a combustion chamber to be used for spraying water for controlling temperature, and the non-condensable gas is extracted by a vacuum pump; or exhausting gas under normal pressure without the use of the vacuum pump. By adopting direct combustion of the pure oxygen or the oxygen-enriched air and adopting the water spraying mode to replace excess air for controlling temperature, the air inflow is small, the amount of compression of a compressor is small, the restriction of the optimal pressure gas ratio is eliminated, the circulating intake pressure is improved, the non-condensable gas in the tail gas is little, and the exhaust pressure can be reduced through vacuum condensation. Because the process has high circulating intake pressure and low exhaust pressure, the expansion ratio of the gas turbine is improved, thereby improving the generating efficiency.

Description

A kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal technology's circulating technology field, relate in particular to gas turbine thermal technology circulating technology field.
Background technique
Thermal technology's circulation is the important step of fossil energy generating, is one of core technology of power industry.Its thermodynamic process mainly comprises compression, isobaric heat absorption, expansion acting, isobaric exothermic process.
The form of thermal technology's circulating generation mainly contains two kinds at present: a kind of is closed cycle, coal fired boiler Turbo-generator Set promptly commonly used at present, another kind is open cycle, Gas Turbine Generating Units promptly commonly used at present, and both combinations then are the combined cycle generation unit.
The major defect of more than existing commonly used flow process have following some:
Closed cycle, because with the water vapor is heat carrying agent, adopt indirect heating, the circulation throttle (steam) temperature is low, be generally less than 700 ℃ at present, therefore can only improve generating efficiency by the way that improves initial steam pressure, reduction exhaust steam pressure (vacuum condensation), raising expansion ratio, present state-of-the-art supercritical generating unit generating efficiency can be near 45%.
Open cycle owing to be to adopt direct Heating Cyclic, temperature can be very high, reach approximately about 1400 ℃, but owing to be temperature after the way of taking to feed excess air is controlled burning, the air compression amount is huge, compressor exist optimum calm the anger than restriction.General circulating pressure has only 1/10th of closed cycle, because tail gas mostly is incoagulable gas, adopts atmospheric exhaust, causes expansion ratio to improve simultaneously, causes the delivery temperature height, and generating efficiency has only about 40%.The reason that the open cycle generating efficiency the is low suction pressure that is to circulate is low, and atmospheric exhaust causes the delivery temperature height.This at first is because the performance of current material has restricted the unlimited raising of circulating temperature; Next is because existing process using excess air is controlled fuel gas temperature, because the air compression amount is huge, compression power consumption is big, add the influence that exists compressor compresses efficient and these two factors of gas turbine expansion efficiency, therefore each circulating temperature all corresponding optimum ratio of calming the anger, thereby influenced the raising of gas turbine proficiency.
In conjunction with closed cycle and open cycle, adopt the open cycle gas turbine generating earlier, tail gas produces steam by boiler again, be used for the steam turbine power generation of closed cycle, be combined cycle generation, generating efficiency at present can be near 60%, though efficient increases, long flow path, investment are greatly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly combine open cycle and closed cycle advantage, further improve novel thermal technology's circulation method of gas turbine power generation efficient.
The present invention is that the technological scheme that is adopted that achieves the above object is: a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting is characterized in that: whole thermal technology's cyclic process may further comprise the steps:
(a) compression of liquid fuel or combustion gas;
(b) compression of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air;
(c) any one mixed combustion in the firing chamber in any one in liquid fuel or the combustion gas and oxygen or the oxygen-enriched air;
(d) water spray control chamber temperature;
(e) acting of in gas turbine, expanding of the high temperature and high pressure flue gas after the burning of drawing of firing chamber;
(f) tail gas that expands after doing work is cooled with circulating water in condenser;
(g) incoagulable gas in the tail gas goes out with the vacuum pump extracting; Or vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust be not set.
In described thermal technology's cyclic process, the oxygen of input or oxygen-enriched air are excessive in slightly to guarantee that liquid fuel or fuel gas buring exceed fully.
In described thermal technology's cyclic process, the temperature value of water spray temperature control exceeds in the scope of the used heat-resisting permission of material of equipment to keep chamber temperature.
In described thermal technology's cyclic process, the tail gas after it expands, after condenser condenses, wherein the condensed water that is condensed into of most of water vapor loops back the firing chamber and is used to the temperature control of spraying water.
In described thermal technology's cyclic process, the compression of its liquid fuel and combustion gas can be compressed by the turbocompressor that gas turbine drives, and also can be compressed by the compression set of other setting.
In described thermal technology's cyclic process, its combustion gas can be any one in natural gas, coal-seam gas, semi-water gas, water gas, the coke-stove gas, and liquid fuel can be any one in gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, naphtha, dimethyl ether, methyl alcohol, the ethanol.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the heating because employing feeding pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air directly burn, the oxygen rate that contains in the unit air inlet improves, and air inflow is little, and heat loss is few, unit of fuel burning back flue-gas temperature height; Adopt the greatly minimizing of air owing to go into tolerance than tradition, the decrement of compressor descends significantly, broken away from the compressor optimum calm the anger than restriction, can increase substantially thermal technology's circuit suction pressure; Owing to adopt the water spray temperature control, substitute the excess air temperature control, can more effective control chamber temperature; Because incoagulable gas content reduces in the tail gas, can adopt vacuum condensation to reduce exhaust pressure, strengthen the expansion ratio of gas turbine.Compare traditional open type, enclosed thermal circulation process, this thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting is because gas fume after burning temperature height, circulating pressure height, tail gas vacuumizes condensation, exhaust pressure is low, delivery temperature is low, increase substantially the expansion ratio of gas turbine, thereby increased substantially generating efficiency.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of existing typical thermal circulation process of gas turbine;
Fig. 2 is first a kind of embodiment's of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 3 is second a kind of embodiment's of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 4 is the third an embodiment's of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 5 is the 4th a kind of embodiment's of the present invention flow chart.
Embodiment
First kind of embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, will produce the oxygen that pressure is 2.0Mpa, and the turbocompressor that drives through gas turbine is compressed to 20.0Mpa, and oxygen flow is 10000Nm 3/ h.Diesel oil is pressurized to 20.0Mpa through oil pump, and the flow of diesel oil is 4100kg/h, sprays into firing chamber and oxygen combustion, sprays into chemical soft water simultaneously, and the quantity of water spray is regulated according to the temperature of firing chamber, controls to about 1400 ℃.High pressure-temperature flue gas after the burning expands through gas turbine and does work.Condenser is set behind the gas turbine circulating water is cooled off, most of water vapor wherein is condensed into liquid water and loops back firing chamber instead of chemical soft water, a small amount of water vapor and incoagulable gas CO 2, O 2, be controlled at 0.02Mpa with vacuum pump extracting vacuum pressure; Under the prerequisite that operating mode can meet the demands, also vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust can be set.
Second kind of embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, the water gas pressure after the purification is 4.0MPa, temperature normal temperature, gas composition is: H 2, 40%, CO, 50%, CO 2, 10%, the turbocompressor that drives through gas turbine is forced into 10.0Mpa, flow 10000Nm 3/ h.Produced pressure and be 1.6Mpa, 50% oxygen-enriched air, flow 10000Nm 3/ h, oxygen-enriched air is compressed to 10.0Mpa through the turbocompressor that gas turbine drives.Water gas and oxygen-enriched air after the pressurization burn in the firing chamber, spray into chemical soft water simultaneously, about 1200 ℃ of control chamber temperatures, high temperature and high pressure flue gas after the burning enters gas turbine expansion acting, tail gas after the expansion is cooled with circulating water by condenser, water vapor major part wherein is condensed into liquid water and loops back firing chamber instead of chemical soft water, part water vapor and non-condensible gas CO 2, O 2, N 2, use the vacuum pump extracting, vacuum pressure keeps 0.04MPa; Under the prerequisite that operating mode can meet the demands, also vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust can be set.
The third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the gas discharge after having purified is 10000Nm 3/ h, pressure are 2.0MPa, and temperature is a normal temperature, and the turbocompressor that drives through gas turbine is compressed to 15.0Mpa.The pressure that has made is the oxygen of 4.0Mpa, and flow is 22000Nm 3/ h, the turbocompressor multistage compression that drives through gas turbine enters combustion chambers burn to 15.0MPa, spraying into chemical soft water control chamber temperature simultaneously is 1300 ℃, high temperature and high pressure flue gas after the burning expands through gas turbine and does work, tail gas is cooled with circulating water through condenser, most of water vapor wherein is condensed into liquid water and loops back firing chamber instead of chemical soft water, wherein incoagulable gas CO 2, O 2Use the vacuum pump extracting, the maintenance vacuum pressure is 0.03MPa; Under the prerequisite that operating mode can meet the demands, also vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust can be set.
The 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 5, will produce the oxygen-enriched air of oxygen concentration 80%, pressure 2.0Mpa, and the turbocompressor that drives through gas turbine is compressed to 12.0Mpa, and the oxygen-enriched air flow is 6160Nm 3/ h.Methyl alcohol is pressurized to 12.0Mpa through methanol pump, and the flow of diesel oil is 3200kg/h, sprays into the burning of firing chamber and oxygen-enriched air, sprays into chemical soft water simultaneously, and the quantity of water spray is regulated according to the temperature of firing chamber, controls to about 1100 ℃.High pressure-temperature flue gas after the burning expands through gas turbine and does work.Condenser is set behind the gas turbine circulating water is cooled off, most of water vapor wherein is condensed into liquid water and loops back firing chamber instead of chemical soft water, a small amount of water vapor, incoagulable gas, CO 2, O 2, with vacuum pump extracting vacuum, pressure control is at 0.01Mpa; Under the prerequisite that operating mode can meet the demands, also vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust can be set.
Certainly; each flow value that is marked in the various embodiments described above of the present invention, force value, temperature value, percentage composition value are reference value; the change of appropriateness can't influence technique effect of the present invention in the enforcement, and therefore, it all should be to drop in protection scope of the present invention that the appropriateness of above numerical value changes.

Claims (6)

1. thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting, it is characterized in that: whole thermal technology's cyclic process may further comprise the steps:
(a) compression of liquid fuel or combustion gas;
(b) compression of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air;
(c) any one mixed combustion in the firing chamber in any one in liquid fuel or the combustion gas and oxygen or the oxygen-enriched air;
(d) water spray control chamber temperature;
(e) acting of in gas turbine, expanding of the high temperature and high pressure flue gas after the burning of drawing of firing chamber;
(f) tail gas that expands after doing work is cooled with circulating water in condenser;
(g) incoagulable gas in the tail gas goes out with the vacuum pump extracting; Or vacuum pump, atmospheric exhaust be not set.
2. a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described thermal technology's cyclic process, the oxygen of input or oxygen-enriched air are excessive in slightly to guarantee that liquid fuel or fuel gas buring exceed fully.
3. a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine according to claim 1 based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting, it is characterized in that: in described thermal technology's cyclic process, the temperature value of water spray temperature control exceeds in the scope of the used heat-resisting permission of material of equipment to keep chamber temperature.
4. a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine according to claim 1 based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting, it is characterized in that: in described thermal technology's cyclic process, tail gas after it expands, after condenser condenses, wherein the condensed water that is condensed into of most of water vapor loops back the firing chamber and is used to the temperature control of spraying water.
5. a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine according to claim 1 based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting, it is characterized in that: in described thermal technology's cyclic process, the compression of its liquid fuel and combustion gas can be compressed by the turbocompressor that gas turbine drives, and also can be compressed by the compression set of other setting.
6. a kind of thermal circulation process of gas turbine according to claim 1 based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combusting, it is characterized in that: in described thermal technology's cyclic process, its combustion gas can be any one in natural gas, coal-seam gas, semi-water gas, water gas, the coke-stove gas, and liquid fuel can be any one in gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, naphtha, dimethyl ether, methyl alcohol, the ethanol.
CN201010102671A 2010-01-20 2010-01-20 Thermal circulation process of gas turbine based on pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched combustion Pending CN101787930A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102392704A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-03-28 赵军政 Pure-oxygen thermal generator set
CN103764972A (en) * 2011-03-22 2014-04-30 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture and power generation in low emission turbine systems
CN109854380A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-07 北京工业大学 A kind of the hydrogen-oxygen turbogenerator and control method of achievable circulating oxygen
CN111023143A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-17 大唐郓城发电有限公司 Combustion control method
CN114753926A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-07-15 段艳娟 Clean emission, combined cooling heating and power efficient gas turbine system and application method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6148602A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-11-21 Norther Research & Engineering Corporation Solid-fueled power generation system with carbon dioxide sequestration and method therefor
US20030131582A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-17 Anderson Roger E. Coal and syngas fueled power generation systems featuring zero atmospheric emissions
US7178339B2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2007-02-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Closed-loop cooling system for a hydrogen/oxygen based combustor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6148602A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-11-21 Norther Research & Engineering Corporation Solid-fueled power generation system with carbon dioxide sequestration and method therefor
US20030131582A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-17 Anderson Roger E. Coal and syngas fueled power generation systems featuring zero atmospheric emissions
US7178339B2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2007-02-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Closed-loop cooling system for a hydrogen/oxygen based combustor

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103764972A (en) * 2011-03-22 2014-04-30 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture and power generation in low emission turbine systems
CN107401455A (en) * 2011-03-22 2017-11-28 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 For capturing carbon dioxide and the system and method to generate electricity in low emission turbine system
US10570793B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2020-02-25 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture and power generation in low emission turbine systems
CN102392704A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-03-28 赵军政 Pure-oxygen thermal generator set
CN109854380A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-07 北京工业大学 A kind of the hydrogen-oxygen turbogenerator and control method of achievable circulating oxygen
CN109854380B (en) * 2019-01-28 2020-07-03 北京工业大学 A kind of hydrogen-oxygen turbine engine capable of realizing oxygen circulation and control method
CN111023143A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-17 大唐郓城发电有限公司 Combustion control method
CN114753926A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-07-15 段艳娟 Clean emission, combined cooling heating and power efficient gas turbine system and application method
CN114753926B (en) * 2022-03-22 2024-06-18 段艳娟 Clean-emission combined cooling, heating and power efficient gas turbine system and application method

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Application publication date: 20100728