CN101785785B - 外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂，它由α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖或其衍生物、高聚糖及其衍生物的水解酶类、乙酸或蚁酸和蒸馏水、二元或三元有机酸、小分子酚类及其酯类物质或脂肪酸的衍生物构成、水溶性2价铜盐、水溶性锌盐或锰盐构成。由于本发明以资源极其丰富的天然多分子多糖的降解产物-N-乙酰基-β-氨基葡萄糖为主原料，辅以小分子的有机酸、酚类及它们的衍生物、普通的无机盐类为原料，以简易工艺制备出具有天然金属模拟酶(SOD)活性的可有效拮抗DNA、蛋白生物大分子的外源性损伤的外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂，具有原料易得、工艺简单、无毒的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种，特别是涉及一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
DNA、蛋白质是构成生命基础物质的重要生物大分子。近年来研究证实，生物包括人类的早衰、寿命缩短、患皮炎、血液病、肿瘤、癌症与生物大分子的损伤有密切的联系。研究证实紫外辐射、电离辐射、超声波等物理因素以及光敏剂、自由基等化学因素等都可引发生物大分子的损伤。探寻可有效拮抗生物大分子损伤物质成为近年来生物学、生物医学、化学、保健品等领域的热点。目前已有多种从植物如沙棘、茶叶等提取物作为可有效修复生物大分子损伤功能的活性物质的报道。这些活性物质具有天然、效果好的特点，但原料价贵，提取过程需要溶剂浸提、分离纯化，制备工艺及成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种毒性小的外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案是：
本发明是一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂，其按质量份的组分含量为：
组分A：由4-0.04％的α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖或其衍生物、0.65-0.0005％的高聚糖及其衍生物的水解酶类、4-0.1％的乙酸或蚁酸和蒸馏水构成；
组分B：由2-0.01％的二元或三元有机酸、2-0.001％的小分子酚类及其酯类物质或脂肪酸的衍生物构成；
组分C：由0.5-0.001％的水溶性2价铜盐、0.3-0.001％的水溶性锌盐或锰盐构成。
所述的α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖为脱乙酰甲壳质、可溶性甲壳质、几丁聚糖、脱乙酰几丁质；聚氨基葡糖中的一种；所述的α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖衍生物为羧甲基壳聚糖、羧基壳聚糖、壳聚糖羟烷基衍生物、壳聚糖酰基化衍生物、壳聚糖磺化衍生物中的一种。
所述的高聚糖及其衍生物的水解酶类为甲壳素酶、壳聚糖酶、溶菌酶、a-淀粉酶以及一些非专一性水解酶中的一种。
所述的二元或三元有机酸为琥珀酸、柠檬酸中的一种。
所述的小分子酚类及其酯类物质为邻羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸甲酯；所述的脂肪酸的衍生物为茉莉酸、茉莉酸甲酯中的一种。
所述的水溶性2价铜盐为硫酸铜或氯化铜；所述的水溶性锌盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌、或锰盐为硫酸锰、氯化锰。
一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：(1)组分A的制备，在100g蒸馏水中，加入乙酸或蚁酸，搅匀，依次加入α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖或其衍生物和高聚糖及其衍生物的水解酶类，并搅拌至溶解，于60-15℃酶解4-25h，常温放置1-10h；(2)加入组分B，即，二元或三元有机酸与小分子酚类及其酯类物质或脂肪酸的衍生物的混合物，搅拌至溶；(3)加入组分C，水溶性2价铜盐与水溶性锌盐或锰盐的混合物，充分搅拌0.5-6h，水浴30-90℃静置8-36h，再于室温静置3-10h后过滤；(4)滤液即得成品。
采用上述方案后，由于本发明以资源极其丰富的天然多分子多糖的降解产物-N-乙酰基-β-氨基葡萄糖为主原料，辅以小分子的有机酸、酚类及它们的衍生物、普通的无机盐类为原料，以简易工艺制备出具有天然金属模拟酶(SOD)活性的可有效拮抗DNA、蛋白生物大分子的外源性损伤(紫外、光敏、活性自由基损伤)的外源模拟酶型生物分子(DNA蛋白)损伤拮抗剂。具有原料易得、工艺简单、无毒的特点。将在生物的抗辐射、抗病等相关领域如农业、轻工业、化妆品等领域具有广泛的潜在应用前景。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
具体实施方式
一、组分：
本发明是一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂，其按质量份的组分含量为：
实施例1：组分A是由0.03％的α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖、0.02％甲壳素酶、体积分数2.5％的乙酸、其余为水组成。组分B是由0.015％丁二酸、0.015％邻羟基苯甲酸；组分C是由0.03％的硫酸铜、0.001％的硫酸锌构成。
实施例2：组分A是由0.02％的几丁聚糖、0.01％壳聚糖酶、体积分数0.2％的乙酸、其余为水组成。组分B是由0.015％柠檬酸、0.002％邻羟基苯甲酸；组分C是由0.02％的氯化铜、0.001％的硫酸锰构成。
实施例3：组分A是由0.025％的壳聚糖酰基化衍生物、0.003％a-淀粉酶、体积分数0.02％的甲酸、其余为水组成。组分B是由0.025％丁二酸、0.004％水杨酸甲酯；组分C是由0.025％的硫酸铜、0.002％的硫酸锌构成。
二、制备方法
制备方法1：
组分A的制备，在盛有100g蒸馏水的锥形瓶中，加入2.5ml冰醋酸，搅匀，依次加入0.03克α-N-氨基-D-葡萄糖、0.02％甲壳素酶。搅拌至溶解，于50℃水浴酶解18h。常温放置5h；(2)加入组分B，即由0.015g丁二酸、0.015g邻羟基苯甲酸的混合物，搅拌至溶；(3)加入组分C，即由0.03％的硫酸铜、0.001％的硫酸锌构成的混合物，充分搅拌3.5h，水浴50℃静置9h，再于室温静置3h后过滤；(4)滤液即为成品。
制备方法2：
将一定量体积分数为2％的醋酸加入带搅拌的夹层反应器中，搅拌下依次加入脱乙酰度90％、质量分数为0.2％的几丁聚糖及0.01％壳聚糖酶，搅拌1.8h后，于50℃水浴酶解反应10h，取出于室温静置6h。再依次加入组分B(由质量分数为0.015％柠檬酸、0.002％邻羟基苯甲酸组成的混合物)、组分C(由质量分数为0.02％的氯化铜、0.001％的硫酸锰组成的混合物)，将反应体系充分搅拌4.5h后，加热至60℃，保温9h，再室温静置10h，仔细过滤，过滤出不溶物。滤液以水稀释60倍即为成品。
制备方法3：
将一定量体积分数为2％的甲酸加入带搅拌的夹层反应器中，搅拌下依次加入质量分数为0.025％的壳聚糖酰基化衍生物及0.003％a-淀粉酶，搅拌1h后，于45℃水浴酶解反应15h，取出于室温静置4h。再依次加入组分B(由质量分数为0.015％柠檬酸、0.002％邻羟基苯甲酸组成的混合物)、组分C(由质量分数为0.025％硫酸铜、0.004％硫酸锌组成的混合物)，将反应体系充分搅拌5.5h后，加热至80℃，保温12h，再室温静置7h，过滤。滤液以水稀释30倍即为成品。
制备方法4：
将一定量体积分数为0.2％的乙酸加入带搅拌的夹层反应器中，搅拌下依次加入质量分数为0.025％的羧基壳聚糖及0.002％a-淀粉酶，搅拌1.5h后，于50℃水浴酶解反应18h，室温静置3h。依次将组分B(由质量分数为0.002％柠檬酸、0.005％邻羟基苯甲酸组成的混合物)、组分C(由质量分数为0.02％硫酸铜、0.005％氯化锰的混合物)加入其中，充分搅匀，加热至60℃，保温8h后室温静置3h，过滤。滤液以水稀释65倍即为成品。
三、试验证据
SDS-PAG试验证据：
以365nm紫外光为辐照源，1mM蒽醌-2-磺酸钠为光敏剂，对该拮抗剂与0.25mM蛋白质(溶菌酶)水溶液体系进行十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。多次SDS-PAG实验表明：以Marker作为对照，0.25mM蛋白质(溶菌酶)+1mM AQS混合二元体系在365nm处光照90min，蛋白质分子量显著变大，表明蛋白质发生了明显的交联反应。同样条件下，0.25mM溶菌酶+1mM AQS+拮抗剂(稀释10-20倍的水溶液)体系中，蛋白质的交联反应却基本消失，损伤明显变小。说明该拮抗剂可有效拮抗蛋白质(溶菌酶)的光敏损伤。
SDS-PAGE试验证据：
以254nm紫外光为辐照源，5uL DNA(小牛胸腺DNA，0.3ug/uL)+7uLD.D.W.(超纯水)为对照，分别对0.3ug/uL DNA(小牛胸腺DNA，5uL)一元水溶液体系、0.3ug/uL DNA(5uL)+拮抗剂(原液稀释200倍，7uL)二元体系紫外照射30min后，进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳(SDS-PAG)。实验结果显示，未加适宜浓度拮抗剂的DNA一元体系，经254nm紫外光辐照30min后DNA被降解；而同样浓度DNA与适宜浓度的拮抗剂二元水溶液混合体系，在同样条件下进行辐照，体系中的DNA却未显示明显的损伤效应说明该拮抗剂可有效拮抗DNA的紫外辐射损伤。
Claims (2)
1.一种外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂，其特征在于：其按质量份的组分含量为：
组分A：由4-0.04％的脱乙酰甲壳质、0.65-0.0005％的甲壳素酶或壳聚糖酶或α-淀粉酶、4-0.1％的乙酸和蒸馏水构成；
组分B：由2-0.01％的柠檬酸、2-0.001％的邻羟基苯甲酸或水杨酸甲酯构成；
组分C：由0.5-0.001％的硫酸铜或氯化铜、0.3-0.001％的硫酸锌或硫酸锰或氯化锰构成。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的外源模拟酶型生物分子损伤拮抗剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：(1)组分A的制备，在100g蒸馏水中，加入乙酸，搅匀，依次加入脱乙酰甲壳质和甲壳素酶或壳聚糖酶或α-淀粉酶，并搅拌至溶解，于60-15℃酶解4-25h，常温放置1-10h；(2)加入组分B，搅拌至溶；(3)加入组分C，充分搅拌0.5-6h，水浴30-90℃静置8-36h，再于室温静置3-10h后过滤；(4)滤液即得成品。
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