CN101752916B - Composite excitation permanent magnet wind power generator with combined stator and rotor sructure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a permanent magnet wind power generator. It includes a stator casing, a frame, a rotating shaft, a bearing, a combined rotor, and a combined stator. It is characterized in that the motor stator casing is made of a magnetically conductive material that acts as a back yoke, and the motor shaft is placed on the frame through the front cover and the rear end. The bearing on the cover is fixed in the middle part of the stator casing, and a combined rotor and a combined stator are sequentially arranged radially around the rotating shaft. The combined rotor and combined stator are divided into left and right parts. The combined rotor is fixed on the shaft of the motor through a rotor bracket; the combined stator part is formed into an "I" shape by the stator tooth module. On the module, the DC excitation coil is placed in the slot formed between the casing separated in the middle, the stator axial magnetic guide sleeve and the stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve. The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet wind power generator is difficult to adjust, the closed slot of the motor is difficult to realize, and the motor is too heavy to be transported and hoisted.

Description

A Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet Wind Power Generator with Combined Stator and Rotor Structure

1. Technical field: The present invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a permanent magnet wind power generator.

2. Background technology: In the wind power generation system, the electric excitation motor is used in the generator for its good magnetic regulation ability to facilitate the regulation of the load voltage, but it has a brush slip ring, which limits its application in harsh environments . The permanent magnet synchronous generator adopts permanent magnet excitation, which saves the excitation winding and the collector ring and brush that are prone to problems. It has a series of advantages such as simple structure, high motor efficiency, and reliable operation. However, the air gap of the permanent magnet motor The magnetic field is determined by the permanent magnet and the magnetic circuit permeability. Once the motor is manufactured, its magnetic field is difficult to adjust, so it is not suitable for application in variable speed constant voltage wind power systems.

The national standard GB/T10760.1-2003 has regulations on the limit value of the starting resistance torque value of the off-grid permanent magnet wind turbine under no-load conditions, and from the actual application situation, the starting resistance torque of the permanent magnet wind turbine The smaller it is, the easier it is for the motor to start and generate electricity in the breeze, which improves the utilization rate of wind energy. Some literature pointed out that the use of closed slots in the stator can effectively reduce the starting resistance torque, but the selection of closed slots for permanent magnet motors will bring great difficulties to the insertion of the motor windings, and it is difficult to use them in actual motor production.

Since the speed of the direct-drive wind turbine is tens to dozens of revolutions per minute, in order to maintain the same rated power as the high-speed motor, it must use more poles and a larger volume, and the direct-drive wind turbine Generators are usually installed on high towers of tens of meters or even tens of meters, and the overweight of the motor will increase the overall transportation and hoisting costs of the machine body.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a new structure generator is urgently needed to be applied to the field of wind power generation.

3. Contents of the invention:

1. Purpose of the invention: The present invention provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet wind power generator with a combined stator and rotor structure, the purpose of which is to solve the problem that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet wind power generator is difficult to adjust, the closed slot of the motor is difficult to realize, and the motor is too heavy to be transported and hoisted, etc. question.

2. Technical solution: the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

A hybrid excitation permanent magnet wind power generator with a combined stator and rotor structure, which includes a frame, a stator casing installed on the frame, and a front end cover and a rear end cover arranged at both ends of the stator casing; the rotating shaft passes through the front end cover and the rear end cover. The bearing on the end cover is fixed in the middle of the stator casing, and the rotor and the stator are arranged inside the stator casing. A combined rotor and a combined stator are arranged in sequence in the radial direction; the combined rotor part is mainly composed of permanent magnet poles, ferromagnetic poles, magnetic pole isolation plates and a rotor bracket; the rotor bracket is fixed on the shaft of the motor for Support the rotor; the motor poles are hung on the rotor bracket; each motor pole is composed of a permanent magnet pole and a ferromagnetic pole, and the permanent magnet pole is composed of a permanent magnet and a rotor punch; the motor pole and the rotor bracket are divided into left and right parts, and the middle A rotor axial magnetic conducting member, a flat key and a rotor axial magnetic isolation assembly are provided; the combined stator part is mainly composed of a stator tooth module, a stator winding, and a DC excitation coil; the stator winding is wound on the stator tooth module, and the same motor The stator is also divided into left and right parts, with a stator axial magnetic sleeve and a stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve in the middle. The DC excitation coil is placed in the stator casing, the stator axial magnetic sleeve and the stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve. in the groove formed between the barrels.

In the combined rotor part, in order to reduce the axial magnetic flux leakage, a magnetic pole isolation pressure plate is placed between the permanent magnet poles and the ferromagnetic poles.

In the combined stator part, the stator tooth module is in the shape of an "I" and is made of laminated stator punches.

3. Advantages and effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the use of a combined motor structure can save material consumption, reduce costs, and facilitate the transportation, hoisting and disassembly and maintenance of the motor when it fails; In the field of wind power, it is beneficial to realize variable speed and constant voltage; the rotor hanging pole structure mentioned in the present invention can reduce the rotor loss of the motor, and when a certain permanent magnet is partially demagnetized, it is easy to replace new magnetic poles; the stator of the present invention The structure can realize the closed slot structure, which is beneficial to the reduction of the starting resistance torque of the generator without causing the difficulty of the motor winding off the assembly line; the use of the rotor magnetic pole isolation pressure plate reduces the axial magnetic flux leakage and is beneficial to the axis of the punching plate. Press tight.

4. Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of rotor structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of rotor magnetic pole distribution of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the permanent magnet magnetic pole and the ferromagnetic pole of the rotor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the main structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the stator tooth module of the present invention.

5. Specific implementation methods:

Note 1 in the figure is the rotating shaft, 2 is the permanent magnet, 3 is the rotor punching plate, 4 is the ferromagnetic pole isolation plate, 5 is the ferromagnetic pole, 6 is the rotor axial magnetic member, 7 is the rotor axial magnetic isolation component, 8 1 is a flat key, 9 is a rotor bracket, 10 is a permanent magnet pole, 11 is a bearing, 12 is a front cover, 13 is a stator casing, 14 is a stator punch, 15 is a stator axial magnetic sleeve, and 16 is a DC excitation coil , 17 is the axial magnetic isolation sleeve of the stator, 18 is the rear end cover, and 19 is the machine base.

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure; as a combined rotor part, it includes permanent magnet poles 10, ferromagnetic poles 5, ferromagnetic pole magnetic isolation plate 4, rotor bracket 9, and the rotor bracket 9 is fixed on the motor shaft 1 to support the rotor. The motor poles are hung on the rotor support 9. The magnetic poles of the motor and the rotor support 9 are divided into left and right parts, and the middle part is connected by the rotor axial magnetic guide member 6 , the rotor axial magnetic isolation assembly 7 and the flat key 8 . Each motor pole is composed of a permanent magnet pole 10 and a ferromagnetic pole 5 , and the permanent magnet pole 10 is composed of a permanent magnet 2 and a rotor punch 3 . In order to reduce axial magnetic flux leakage, a magnetic pole spacer pressure plate 4 is placed between the permanent magnet pole 10 and the ferromagnetic pole 5 .

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole distribution of the rotor of the present invention; the figure also shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole distribution formed by the left and right two-part combined rotor, and the two parts are separated by the rotor axial magnetic isolation assembly 7 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the permanent magnet poles 10 and the ferromagnetic poles 5 of the rotor of the present invention; they are all inserted and fixed on the rotor bracket 9 through grooves.

Fig. 4 is the general assembly drawing of the present invention; Shown in the figure, comprises stator casing 13, machine base 19, rotating shaft 1, bearing 11, combined rotor, combined stator. The stator housing 13 is made of magnetically conductive material, which acts as a back yoke and is placed on the machine base 19 . The motor rotating shaft 1 is fixed on the middle part of the stator casing 13 through the bearing 11 on the front end cover 12 and the rear end cover 18, and a combined rotor and a combined stator are sequentially arranged around the rotating shaft 1 along the radial direction. The combined stator part includes a stator tooth module, a stator winding, and a DC excitation coil 16. The stator tooth module is formed into an "I" shape and is formed by stacking stator punches 14, as shown in Figure 6. The "I" shape design is convenient. Install and fix the stator winding; the stator winding is wound on the "I" type stator tooth module. Similarly, the motor stator is also divided into left and right parts, the middle part is connected with the stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve 17 through the stator axial magnetic sleeve 15, and the DC excitation coil 16 is placed in the stator casing 13 and the stator axial magnetic sleeve 15. and the slot formed between the stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve 17. Fig. 5 is a side view of Fig. 4; the figure shows that the stator casing 13 is fixed on the base 19, and the lifting ring on the stator casing 13 is used for hoisting.

As shown in Figure 6, the stator tooth module is formed into an "I" shape by stacking stator punches 14, with a protrusion on the upper end, which matches the groove of the stator casing 13, and the stator tooth module is fixed on the stator casing 13 on.

The structural design of the present invention can save materials, reduce costs, and facilitate the transportation, hoisting, and disassembly and maintenance of the motor in case of failure; at the same time, it is easy to realize variable speed and constant voltage, and can also reduce the rotor loss of the motor. The connection mode of the permanent magnet pole 10 and the ferromagnetic pole 5 is fixed by groove insertion. This structure is easy to replace a new magnetic pole when a certain permanent magnet is partially demagnetized. The stator tooth module is formed into an "I" shape by stacking the stator punching plates 14, which can realize the closed slot structure, which is beneficial to the reduction of the starting resistance torque of the generator without causing the difficulty of the motor winding off the assembly line. The use of the rotor magnetic pole isolation magnetic pressing plate 4 reduces the axial magnetic flux leakage and facilitates the axial compression of the punching sheet.

Claims (2)

1. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet wind-driven generator with a combined stator and rotor structure, which comprises a support (19), a stator casing (13) installed on the support (19) and two sides of the stator casing (13) The front end cover (12) and the rear end cover (18) at the end; the rotating shaft (1) is fixed on the middle part of the stator casing (13) through the bearing (11) on the front end cover (12) and the rear end cover (18), and the rotor and The stator is arranged in the stator casing (13), and the characteristics are that: the stator casing (13) is a magnetically permeable material that acts as a back yoke, and is placed on the machine base (19); around the rotating shaft (1) along the radial direction A combined rotor and a combined stator are set; the combined rotor part is mainly composed of permanent magnet poles (10), ferromagnetic poles (5), magnetic pole isolation pressure plates (4) and rotor brackets (9); wherein the rotor bracket (9) fixed on the rotating shaft (1) of the motor to support the rotor; the motor poles are hung on the rotor bracket (9); each motor pole is composed of a permanent magnet pole (10) and a ferromagnetic pole (5), and the permanent magnet The magnetic pole (10) is composed of a permanent magnet (2) and a rotor punch (3); the motor magnetic pole and the rotor bracket are divided into two parts, the left and the right, and the rotor axial magnetic member (6), flat key (8) and The rotor axial magnetic isolation assembly (7); the combined stator part is mainly composed of a stator tooth module, a stator winding, and a DC excitation coil (16); the stator winding is wound on the stator tooth module, and the motor stator is also divided into There are two parts on the left and right, the stator axial magnetic sleeve (15) and the stator axial magnetic isolation sleeve (17) are arranged in the middle, the DC excitation coil (16) is placed in the stator casing (13), the stator axial magnetic sleeve (15) and the slot formed between the axial magnetic isolation sleeve (17) of the stator; in the combined stator part, the stator tooth module is in the shape of an "I", which is formed by laminating the stator punches (14) . 2. The hybrid excitation permanent magnet wind power generator with combined stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the combined rotor part, in order to reduce the axial magnetic flux leakage, the permanent magnet poles (10) A magnetic pole isolation plate (4) is placed between the ferromagnetic pole (5).

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