CN101750267B - Device and method for evaluating and measuring apparent quality of micro granulated feed of aquatic animal - Google Patents
Device and method for evaluating and measuring apparent quality of micro granulated feed of aquatic animal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750267B CN101750267B CN2009102429805A CN200910242980A CN101750267B CN 101750267 B CN101750267 B CN 101750267B CN 2009102429805 A CN2009102429805 A CN 2009102429805A CN 200910242980 A CN200910242980 A CN 200910242980A CN 101750267 B CN101750267 B CN 101750267B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004531 microgranule Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010332 dry classification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010333 wet classification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating and measuring the pulverization rate and stability of micro granulated feed of aquatic animals. The device is tightly buckled by two to six monomer stainless steel sieves; sieve pores have different apertures (decreasing gradient) and can be provided with a cover; and a tray can be additionally arranged at the bottom according to the requirement. The purpose of observing the physical character of the feed can be achieved according to the micro granulated feed. The invention has reasonable structure and low cost, and can conveniently and accurately measure and compare the pulverization rate and stability of micro granulated feed of aquatic animals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluating and measuring apparatus and method of apparent quality of micro granulated feed of aquatic animal.
Background technology
For pellet, often there is the problem (have part to be powdery in the product, do not meet the pellet standard) of pulverization rate.Pulverization rate is the physical characteristics of feed product itself, is the quality that the shared ratio of powder attitude feed directly embodies feed in the pellet, and the feed product pulverization rate of high-quality is very low usually.And for micro-granulated feed, still do not have the standard of pulverization rate aspect.Because particle is small, small particle exists the different-grain diameter scope to distribute again, can't definitely describe efflorescence, therefore the distribution proportion of grain size is just described to have seemed highly significant.Press for a kind of method that can describe the distribution of micro-granulated feed different-grain diameter scope of design.
The feed product water stability is an important indicator of judging aquatic animal feed quality quality; Descend 1% like water stability; Will increase direct economic loss every year in the whole nation and will reach hundred million yuan, and indirect economic loss such as the breed failure, the water quality that cause are thus ruined, environmental pollution more can't be estimated.
The stability of feed in water is one of important physical index of weighing feeding quality, and domestic and international existing mensuration feed has 1. sense organ method in the method for water stability; 2. COD method; 3. photometry; 4. dry weighing method; 5. water sample detection method.Yet wherein 1. method obviously lacks reliability; Method 2., 3., 5. all need be than the instrument of complex and expensive, and conformality can not be described; Introduce " Chinese prawn mixed feed " standard (SC2O02-94) though 4. method is dry weight method.But, the screen frame aperture 0.85mm that specifying measurement is used in " Chinese prawn mixed feed " standard, for particle diameter near or less than the compound feed of 0.85mm, this method is obviously invalid.The feed water stability is often referred to feed conformality in water, what is called collapsibility not just, with scatter ratio, scatter and disappear ratio as evaluation criterion.And in recent years, along with the development of young shrimp, prelarva feed, the micro-capsule of appearance, micro-granulated feed particle diameter be the microparticle below 0.6mm all.For micro-granulated feed; Because particle volume is small; Relative surface area is big, and what mainly face is the mistake problem of dissolving, and dissolve-loss ratio becomes the key factor of influence stability; The most of chip that scatters and disappears of micro-granulated feed still can be utilized by young postlarva, scatters and disappears and dissolves the overall characteristic that loses and obviously more can not describe in order to last method.Simultaneously, the frequency height of ingesting the aquatic livestock young day of feeding, high to water quality requirement, these must make the micro-granulated feed water stability become the most critical issue that can its development research and industrialization successful.Therefore above-mentioned all methods exist obviously not enough, as do not have the proper standard instrument, not only can not describe conformality, especially are inappropriate for micro-granulated feed.Therefore, above method and device generally can not satisfy the needs of present needs and the further industrialization of following micro-granulated feed.And the common cost of micro-granulated feed is high, profit is high, controls and checks the device of its characteristic to seem that bigger practical significance is arranged.Obviously the apparatus and method pervasive, standard of practical micro-granulated feed water stability press for.
Summary of the invention
The evaluating and measuring apparatus and method of a kind of portable apparent quality of micro granulated feed of aquatic animal that the object of the invention provides are remedying the deficiency of prior art, for the detection of the pulverization rate of micro-granulated feed product and water stability with relatively provide convenience.
The present invention need be that guiding is taken into account science and practical principle with production, and require to be engaged in production division, test base and laboratory can both be reliably, flexible, be convenient to use and operate.
The present invention includes 2-6 stainless steel screen frame of the different pore size grades that closely fasten each other, the round mouth diameter 9-12cm of each screen frame, high 2.0-2.8cm has a stainless steel cover on the screen frame at top.
Consider that the micro-granulated feed particle size range is many between 0.2-1.5mm, if in 4 stainless steel screen frames, above-mentioned screen frame group is selected mesh 200 orders, 150 orders, 100 orders, 80 orders or 100 orders, 80 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders from bottom to top successively;
Consider system integrity, add the backing dish in bottom screen frame bottom.
The evaluating and measuring method of apparent quality of micro granulated feed comprises following two kinds of methods: 1, the assay method of the assay method of particle gradient distribution situation and 2, stability.
1, the assay method of particle gradient distribution situation: take by weighing micro-granulated feed 6.0g or 10.0g, put it into the superiors' screen frame, build lid and shake 3-5 time gently, different micro-granulated feeds keep quality of the fodder M at backing dish (efflorescence) and each screen frame
1... M
n(unit: g); And with the feed reservation amount of particle gradient distribution array representation from each screen frame of backing dish on to it:
R={100M
1/ G ..., 100M
n/ G}, wherein, G (g)-feed gross weight; R constitutes a n-tuple group
2, the assay method of stable W: take by weighing micro-granulated feed 6.0g or 10.0g, slowly, evenly pour in the screen frame group, build stainless steel cover from the top; Simulating actual conditions is slowly put into water with the screen frame group, up and down, about drag twice gently, soak after 20 minutes, take out; 105 ℃ of oven dry fully, weighing obtains the remaining feeding quality in each screen frame, and with the dissolve-loss ratio of every layer of different screen frame of stable formulate mesh:
W=1-layer dissolve-loss ratio=(m
i+ ...+m
n)/G*100%
Wherein, G (g)-feed gross weight; I representes an integer between 1 to n-1, m
1... m
i... m
nFeeding quality (the unit: g) that each layer screen frame keeps behind the molten mistake of expression respectively, the drying course successively; M then
i+ ...+m
nRepresent the feeding quality that retains in the above screen frame group of i layer screen frame.
Because metal parts such as screen frame all have known fixed mass, so can calculate the lossing solution of feed.
The present invention measures feed granules distribution array through dry classification, and measures feed stability through molten mistake wet classification in the water, therefore can describe, compare the characteristic of distribution of micro-granulated feed product particle and stability, and then estimate out the quality of feed.The present invention is simple in structure, and cost is low, is easy to carry, and easy operating is expected to become industry standard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 general structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 general structure decomposing schematic representation of the present invention.
Wherein 1, stainless steel cover 2, screen frame 3, backing dish
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention includes 2-6 stainless steel screen frame 2 of the different pore size grades of mutual fastening, selecting mesh from bottom to top successively is 2-6 in 200 orders, 150 orders, 100 orders, 80 orders, 40 orders and 20 orders; The round mouth diameter 9-12cm of above-mentioned each screen frame 2, high 2.0-2.8cm.Consider system integrity, a stainless steel cover 1 is arranged on the screen frame 2 at top of the present invention; Can also add backing dish 3 in screen frame 2 bottoms of bottom.
Because the micro-granulated feed particle size range is many between 0.2-1.5mm; Screen frame is generally selected mesh 100 orders, 80 orders, 40 orders and 20 orders; The screen frame number that can select as the case may be to be fit to and the mesh number (different pore size grades) of every layer of screen frame also can add the backing dish as required under the screen frame of basecoat.Closely fasten between each screen frame, comprise that stainless steel cover also closely fastens.
1, distribution of particles Determination on condition method: take by weighing micro-granulated feed 6.0g or 10.0g, put it into the superiors' screen frame 2, build lid and shake 3-5 time gently, different micro-granulated feeds keep quality of the fodder M at backing dish 3 and each screen frame 2
1... M
n(unit: g); And represent feed reservation amount from each screen frame 2 of backing dish on 3 to its with distribution of particles array R:
R={100M
1/ G ..., 100M
n/ G}, wherein, G (g)-feed gross weight; R constitutes a n-tuple group; When selecting 4 screen frames 2, add backing dish 3, n=5.
2, the assay method of stability: take by weighing micro-granulated feed 6.0g or 10.0g, slowly, evenly pour in the screen frame group, build stainless steel cover from the top; Simulating actual conditions is slowly put into water with the screen frame group, up and down, about drag twice gently, soak after 20 minutes, take out; 105 ℃ of oven dry fully, weighing obtains the feeding quality of each screen frame, and with the dissolve-loss ratio of every layer of different screen frame of stable formulate mesh:
W=1-layer dissolve-loss ratio=(m
i+ ...+m
n)/G*100%
Wherein, G (g)-feed gross weight; I representes an integer between 1 to n-1, m
1... m
i... m
nThe feeding quality that expression dissolve to be lost respectively successively, each layer screen frame keeps behind the drying course (unit: g), m then
i+ ...+m
nRepresent the feeding quality that retains in the above screen frame group of i layer screen frame.
Distribution of particles Determination on condition method (dry classification measurement):
The assay method of the feed granules distribution situation of particle size range between 0.8-1.5mm:
Take by weighing micro-granulated feed 10.0 grams, put it into the superiors that the mesh number is respectively 100 orders, 80 orders, 40 purpose three-layer network frame groups, build stainless steel cover and shake gently 5 times, the feeding quality that obtains backing dish and three-layer network frame from bottom to top through weighing is respectively M
1=1.37g,, M
2=1.59g, M
3=2.16, M
4=4.88g; According to the distribution array:
R＝{100M
1/G，100M
2/G，100M
3/G，100M
4/G}
＝{100*1.37/10，100*1.59/10，100*2.16/10，100*4.88/10}
＝{13.7，，15.9，21.6，48.8}
Distribution of particles Determination on condition method (dry classification measurement):
The assay method of the feed granules distribution situation of particle size range between 0.2-0.8mm: take by weighing micro-granulated feed 6.0 grams; Put it into the mesh number and be respectively the superiors of 200 orders, 150 orders, 80 purpose three-layer network frame groups; Build stainless steel cover and shake gently 3 times, the feeding quality that obtains backing dish and two layers of screen frame from bottom to top through weighing is respectively M
1=1.65g, M
2=1.92, M
3=2.43g; According to the distribution array:
R＝{100M
1/G，100M
2/G，100M
3/G，100M
4/G}
＝{100*1.65/6，100*1.92/6，100*2.43/6}
＝{27.5，32，40.5}
The assay method of micro-granulated feed stability:
Take by weighing micro-granulated feed 10.0g, slowly, evenly pour them into 150 orders from the top, 100 orders in the 80 purpose three-layer network frame groups, are built stainless steel cover; Simulating actual conditions is slowly put into water with the screen frame group, up and down, about drag twice gently, soak after 20 minutes, take out; 105 ℃ of oven dry fully, weighing obtains each screen frame quality of the fodder and is respectively 0.25g from bottom to top, 1.02g, and 3.21g, with total dissolve-loss ratio of every layer of different screen frame of stable formulate mesh:
This kind micro-granulated feed overall stability, promptly about 150 purposes stability:
The total dissolve-loss ratio of W=1-=(m
1+ m
2+ m
3)/G*100%
＝(0.25+1.02+3.21)/10*100％＝44.8％；
Stable about 100 purposes:
W
2=1-100 order dissolve-loss ratio=(m
2+ m
3)/G*100%
＝(1.02+3.21)/10*100％＝42.3％；
Stable about 80 purposes:
W
3=1-80 order dissolve-loss ratio=m
3/ G*100%
＝3.21/10*100％＝32.1％；
Embodiment 4
Visible by embodiment 3, if only expect, so only need choose 80 order screen frames and get final product about 80 purpose stability datas.Repetitive operation embodiment 3, obtaining keeping quality of the fodder is 4.23g, is formulated as follows:
W=1-dissolve-loss ratio=m/G*100%
＝4.23/10*100％＝42.3％；
Think that entry only had 42.3% still to can be the aquatic livestock picked-up after 20 minutes in the practical application.
Embodiment 5
Continue embodiment 3, after 4, further definite like need, nutritional labeling damaed cordition after the micro-granulated feed entry can be measured component contents such as keeping feed amino acid, gross protein, total fat on the screen frames at different levels, compares with initial feed measurement result to get final product.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101750267B true CN101750267B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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| CN102441526B (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-10-23 | 浙江天蓝环保技术股份有限公司 | Dry sieved material, and average particle size measuring method and sieving device thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4824295A (en) * | 1984-12-13 | 1989-04-25 | Nordson Corporation | Powder delivery system |
| CN2046312U (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1989-10-25 | 华南农业大学 | Self-flow classification screen for pellet forage |
| CN1962087A (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-16 | 天津市云海炭素制品有限公司 | Automatic material classification device |
-
2009
- 2009-12-23 CN CN2009102429805A patent/CN101750267B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4824295A (en) * | 1984-12-13 | 1989-04-25 | Nordson Corporation | Powder delivery system |
| CN2046312U (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1989-10-25 | 华南农业大学 | Self-flow classification screen for pellet forage |
| CN1962087A (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-16 | 天津市云海炭素制品有限公司 | Automatic material classification device |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘立鹤等.不同饲料中氮和磷溶失率的比较研究.《饲料研究》.2006,(第12期),57-60. * |
| 张丽英.颗粒饲料粉化率的测定.《饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术(第2版)》.中国农业大学出版社,2003,318-321. * |
| 朱金林.水产饲料耐水性快速测定方法研究.《江南大学硕士学位论文》.2006,第9页"2.3.2干燥称重法测定散失率". |
| 李苏等.不同形态饲料对养殖水体中氮磷含量及饲料溶失率的影响.《华中农业大学学报》.2009,第28卷(第1期),80-83. * |
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