CN101746857A - Method and equipment of electrochemical disinfection for water - Google Patents
Method and equipment of electrochemical disinfection for water Download PDFInfo
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- CN101746857A CN101746857A CN200810185133A CN200810185133A CN101746857A CN 101746857 A CN101746857 A CN 101746857A CN 200810185133 A CN200810185133 A CN 200810185133A CN 200810185133 A CN200810185133 A CN 200810185133A CN 101746857 A CN101746857 A CN 101746857A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an equipment and a method used for carrying out electrochemical disinfection to water by making use of an electrolytic cell which comprises an anode and a cathode under the condition without adding chemicals, wherein the electrolytic cell is contained in a shell, the shell is provided with a water inlet and outlet device, and current is added on the anode and the cathode. The equipment adopts in a combining way: a). direct effect to dissolved organic substances relevant to oxidation at the anode part and reduction at the cathode part: functions of killing viruses and bacteria and inhibiting the bacteria; b). indirect effect relevant to functions of oxidant generated by electrolysis of water: supplemental sterilization effect and residual effect of inhibiting the bacteria. The equipment comprises possible applications of benefiting to eliminating regiment bacteria in the equipment, purifying water supplied to humans and being used as disinfection means (particularly in the medical field).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment and method, be used under the situation of not adding chemical, an electrolyzer by comprising an anode and a negative electrode carries out electrochemical disinfection to water; Wherein said electrolyzer is comprised in the shell, and this shell has water inlet and outlet unit, and is added with electric current on described anode and the negative electrode.
Equipment of the present invention is in conjunction with having adopted:
A) relevant with the reduction at the oxidation at anode place and negative electrode place, to the organic direct effect of institute's dissolved: kill the virus, the effect of sterilization and inhibition bacterium;
B) the relevant indirect effect of effect of the oxygenant that produces with the electrolysis of water: supplemental sterilization effect and remaining inhibition bacterium effect.
May using of equipment of the present invention comprises:
-help to eliminate the legion bacterium (Legionella) in the drainage facility;
-purification is for the human water (comprising hot water) that uses;
-as the sterilization means, particularly at medical field.
Background technology
Legion bacterium (Legionella) is a kind of bacterium that lives in the water.This bacterium mainly is found in the water of domestic hot water, tartar or cooling tower of delay.It is bred in temperature is in water pipeline between 25 ℃ and 45 ℃.The legion bacterium is mainly having the calcium of high density, magnesium and such as iron, copper, zinc with mainly due to corrosion with peel off and existence and propagation in the environment of the mud that produces.
Legionnaires disease is the bacterial a kind of serious respiratory tract infection of legion.It is mainly by airborne transmission, and locates the weak person among the crowd caused in communal facility, hospital, clinical, nurse center, nursing house, hot spring and seawater bath etc. usually and seriously influence.
To the prevention and control of this infectious syndromes seriously, be based on the monitoring of case on the one hand, be based on monitoring on the other hand to the pollution of " water device ".Secular prevention and control then can only be carried out in the framework of permanent treatment.
Up to the present, be based on superchlorination and pyritous measure in the approved measure of France.
About superchlorination, chlorine has corrosive nature and it surpassing instability under 20 ℃ the temperature to pipeline.Have chlorine and the danger of the formation trichloromethane that causes can not be got rid of in the piping manifold midium or long term.
About the heat of piping manifold, even this does not produce chemical product, the danger of scald also is serious, because the water that comes out from storage tank has 60 ℃.In addition, the legion bacterium obtains can not get rid of the danger of pyritous resistibility.
In addition, also have various other processing to attempt: chlorination-bromination, ozone, ultraviolet ray, copper-silver ions take place or the like.
With the pathogen in the elimination drainage facility is the electrochemical water treating method of the present invention of purpose, need not add any chemical reactant when beginning, because itself produces hydrogen peroxide, i.e. sterilization oxygenant.By this technology, the hydrogen peroxide that produces from dissolved oxygen (cathodic reduction) has significant residual effect and has caused the oxidation products (control that obtains continuing by galvanometry) of harmless level, and these are different with the most of common oxygenant as chlorine.
Water adopts the electric peroxidation module of catalysis electrode and is subjected to electrochemical treatment by one.This handle caused a kind of because the direct effect of electric field on the one hand, caused on the other hand because on the electrode and the indirect effect of the chemical reaction that produces in the electrolyzer.
Because this direct effect through causing between the electrode has produced a kind of sterilization or bacterium damping effect (pseudomonas, colibacillus, legionella).When contaminated solution is subjected to being higher than the effect of electric field of the electric field that exists in the film of bacterium, will observe sterilization effect.
Because halogenide (Cl
-, Br
-, I
-) and/or the oxidation of water and or the reduction of dissolved oxygen and the indirect effect that obtains makes it possible to generate oxygenant (HClO, ClO
-, Cl
2, ClO
2 -, ClO
3 -HBrO, BrO
-, BrO
3 -, HOl, I
3 -, OH* ... H particularly
2O
2).This indirect effect, contacting of the prolongation by these oxygenants of being generated with electrochemical means makes it possible to the conveying of water and reduces bacterium extraly and protection water in the process of using; This effect extends to the exit (residue disinfecting power) of electrolyzer.
The reactivity of hydrogen peroxide mainly is because it produces the strong ability of free radical reaction, particularly under the situation that has metal catalyst to exist.Hydrogen peroxide in fact can be by producing attack cells film, lipids, participation respiration cycle or protein synthesis enzyme and such as the free radical of other fundamentals of DNA and RNA, and to the microorganisms effect.Similarly, hypochlorous acid and oxychlorination cytolemma, the above-mentioned enzyme of deactivation and change the nucleic acid of pathogenic agent.
Immediate prior art is described now:
A) patent W 09521795 has announced a kind of electrocatalysis device that is used for the bacterial treatment of water, and it is used to utilize following means to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen:
-coaxal electrode;
-be used to reduce even eliminate the device of the turbulent flow that the concentration that causes dissolved oxygen reduces;
-vertical opposite electrode that staggers each other;
B) US2002/0168418 has announced a kind of electrocatalysis device of the germicidal treatment that is used for water, and it is used to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen to improve the intestinal flora of animal based on flat comparative electrode.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will be achieved as follows purpose:
A) adopt electrode, thereby can realize the pole reversal under the better condition with relative similar face; Current density on these two electrodes is identical, thus prevented an electrode causing owing to unequal decarburization with respect to the premature decomposition of another electrode with on smaller electrode (stronger current density) more significant secondary reaction;
B) provide relative anode and negative electrode, with the current density change of compensation from an end of an electrode to the other end;
C) keep stratiform circulation between two comparative electrodes, with help the electrochemical reaction on each electrode and prevent since the destruction that the reaction on an electrode is formed on the product on another electrode with because the mixing of two kinds of solution and the relevant concussion of pH variation that takes place in the exit.
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment, it is characterized in that the electrode that belongs to a given electrolyzer has the form of plate, the opposite catalytic surface of these plates be symmetric, have identical surface and define a space, this space all has same size at all points, and described electrode is covered with the mixed metal oxide of iridium and ruthenium, to utilize remaining indirect sterilization and the inhibition bacterium effect of replenishing owing to the effect that is included in the oxygenant that halid electrolysis was produced in the water.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method that adopts described equipment, it is characterized in that comprising: make circulate with stratiform or accurate lamellated mode in the space of the disinfectant water of wanting between the relative catalytic surface of the anode of a given electrolyzer and negative electrode.
Its feature also is to comprise: pass to 10 and 10A/dm for described electrode in opposite mode
2Between direct current or pulsed current.
Several electrolyzers can be installed in mode parallel in the water conservancy project, so that their flow addition.
Described electrolyzer can be comprised in the common shell, described shell have by described electrolyzer shared entrance and exit device.
This system has following characteristics and advantage:
-each electrolyzer is symmetric: electrode is symmetricly to be covered by catalyzer again;
Contact on the-electrode welds easily;
-fluid circulates between electrode, and this produces little voltage loss (thereby being little pressure loss), and this situation with the percolation technology is opposite;
-whole current all are subjected to effect of electric field, because it moves past between the whole surface of anode and negative electrode: disinfectant acts directly on and plays effect completely in this solution;
The anticathode decarburization of-reversal of polarity can not cause hell and high water;
-fluid circulates with stratiform or accurate lamellated mode;
The number of-the electrode that is provided with in same shell is unrestricted: unique restriction is (being directly proportional with the number of electrode) of the electric power of power supply;
-overcurrent or overvoltage only influence electrolytic production of oxidant;
-electrolytic automatization becomes easier: the stepless control of correct function becomes feasible, and the Strength Changes of electric current and voltage is detected easily and correction;
-produced multiple oxygenant, be not limited only to hydrogen peroxide, thereby have the effect of the variation bacterium that standing of restriction micro-organisms flora particularly resist hydrogen peroxide;
-electrolyzer is difficult to stop up, even to containing particulate water, this equipment with employing carbon felt is different-wherein may carry out decarburization hardly owing to serious fouling; Have only sour cleaning can carry out the decarburization of part but have changing felt and losing of carbon fiber being taken place, this be used for the human water that uses require inconsistent;
-this electrolyzer can stop up under the situation that decarburization does not take place, but electrolysis voltage will will be issued above normal value (under multielectrode situation) and alarm before stopping up fully in the case: in the case, electrolyzer can be cleaned by nutrition acid (alimentary acid) product;
-can not produce undesirable byproduct;
-no longer need the upstream of pre-discharging in the case.
From below in conjunction with accompanying drawing at least one detailed description of preferred embodiment of the present invention as the example of indefiniteness, characteristic of the present invention and advantage will become apparent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the open circuit schematic internal view according to a kind of electrolyzer of sterilizing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is parallel several open circuit schematic internal view according to sterilization electrolyzer of the present invention of installing in the water conservancy project;
Fig. 3 is parallel and electric several open circuit schematic internal view according to sterilization electrolyzer of the present invention of installing in the water conservancy project bipolarly;
Fig. 4 is and a jar closed circuit schematic internal view according to a disinfection module of the present invention that links to each other with electrochemistry and/or filtration pretreatment unit that differs.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-chemical water sterilization equipment, it need not add chemical, adopted at least one electrolyzer, this at least one electrolyzer comprises that (Fig. 1) is included in an anode (1) and the negative electrode (2) in the shell (3), this shell (3) has the inlet (4) and outlet (5) device of water, and anode (1) and negative electrode (2) alive.
Described equipment is in conjunction with having utilized:
A) relevant with the reduction at the oxidation at anode place and negative electrode place, to the organic direct effect of institute's dissolved: kill the virus, the effect of sterilization and inhibition bacterium;
B) the relevant indirect effect of effect of the oxygenant that produces with the electrolysis of water: supplemental sterilization effect and remaining inhibition bacterium effect.
It makes it possible to:
A) want disinfectant water between two electrodes (1) and (2), to circulate, these two electrodes have the form of plate, the relative catalytic surface of these plates be symmetric, have identical surface and define a space, this space all has same size at all points;
B) described electrode is passed to 1 and 10A/dm in opposite mode
2Between direct current or pulsed current.
Be present in stratiform or accurate laminar flow in the space between the relative catalytic surface of a given electrolyzer:
A) form by the catalytic surface of electrode of opposite obtains, and these faces define a space, and this space all has same size at all points, and these masks have same surface;
B) size and the form by water inlet and outlet unit is maintained.
According to two application distortion of the present invention, several electrolyzers can be installed in following water conservancy project mode:
A) series connection is with the sterilisation effect in conjunction with them;
B) in parallel with flow in conjunction with them.
In both cases, these electrolyzers can be comprised in the common shell, and this shell has the entrance and exit device that all electrolyzers are shared.
The fluid stream that needs to handle must be such, and promptly total production of oxidant (concentration * flow) is a constant.
According to two kinds of application distortion of the present invention, under the situation of installing in parallel in the electrolyzer water conservancy project:
A) these electrolyzers (Fig. 2) can be passed to electric current by a first pontes (1A) that connects the anode group and by one second connection portion (2A) that connects cathode sets, and described connection is installed on the contrary;
B) having only the electrode (Fig. 3) of end is to be used for anodic the first pontes (1B) and to be used for second connection portion (2B) of negative electrode and to be passed to electric current by one by one, and other electrode is worked by polarization.
Electrolyzer can be installed by serial or parallel connection in water conservancy project, but not necessarily so installs on electricity, and each electrolyzer can be switched on separately in the case.
According to different uses distortion of the present invention, a kind of electrochemical treatment module (6):
A) can be soaked in a processing or the setting tank;
B) can be placed in one handle or the loop of setting tank (7) on (Fig. 4);
C) can be coupled to a filtering system (8) (Fig. 4), particularly particle or membrane filtration system, and/or be coupled to another electrochemical treatment module.
These electrolyzers can obtain power supply by direct current and/or pulsed current.
The polar of electrode is reverse, according to according to a kind of definite voltage percentage increasing amount of characteristic of water to be processed, and/or according to a definite sequential, and obtain programming according to the quality of water.
The described equipment that is used to carry out described processing has adopted such electrolyzer, promptly these electrolyzers each all comprise electrode (1) and (2) of two plate shapes, these electrodes are made of electro-conductive material or are covered with electro-conductive material.
This electro-conductive material is covered with the catalyzer of the electrochemical oxidation reactions that is used for water and dissolved oxygen.
This electro-conductive material can preferably be made of titanium, and the described catalyzer mixed metal oxide of iridium and ruthenium preferably.
According to the electric conductivity of used water, the space between electrode (1) and (2) usually 2 and 6mm between.
The thickness of electrode usually 1 and a few mm between.
The support portion of the transverse edge of electrode has the groove that can receive described edge, to avoid fringing effect.The free surface is covered with a kind of catalyzer to avoid corrosion and to help decarburization.
This electrochemical treatment module can hold 2,4,6 or more a plurality of electrode.
These electrodes are separated certain distance, thereby make precipitation of calcium carbonate can not cause the obstruction of fluid channel.
The setting that forms the different subelements of this electrolyzer is such, promptly makes them can not cause too big turbulent flow.
The used direct current and/or the value of pulsed current are usually 1 and 10A/dm
2Between.
The optimization pressure of the water in the electrolyzer is 3 crust.
When these electrolyzers are set in the loop on the jar; they have produced a part of water body with higher total oxidant concentration; for example protect processed water do not stored with distribution network in bacterium and/or organic any recontaminate, be used up to water.This water can be injected in the water that will handle subsequently, has only indirect effect to be utilized in this uses.
This processing can be used to by soaking in said vesse the equipment such as surgical equipment be carried out disinfection.
This system also can be used as the third stage of sewage and handle, perhaps elementary the or secondary treatment of conduct leisure or treatment water (hot spring, seawater bath or the like).
For the water purification of above-mentioned application and cooling tower or any other air treatment system, can expose at electrode on the meaning of (not being comprised in the electrolyzer), processing can be different.
Liquid can be placed in the contacted state of oxygenant that is produced with convective motion (to flow phenomenon) this moment.This processing can be used in for example buffer container and water pot.
In same container, can move multi-group electrode.
The exposed electrodes group also can be by by self-contained inside or outside to pipeline, or by being dipped in the water to be processed (for example for the container in the water recirculation network), and carry out work.
By the handled water of electric peroxidation (electroperoxidation), no matter the mode of handling how, all can be used to medical supply (treatment).
When this technology combines with particle filter system, realized a kind of synergy of technology,, millipore filtration stops virus because having stoped Parasites and bacterium fully, and electric peroxidation then plays the effect of killing virus.
In addition, electric peroxidation is handled provides a kind of disinfecting power that remains in the water, this be millipore filtration can not provide.
At last, electric peroxidation has participated in the degraded of dissolved organic materials, and millipore filtration only stops the material (surpass 0.1 micron particle, perhaps filter 0.01 micron particle for ultramicropore) of suspension.
Certainly, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described, but other distortion can be arranged, particularly:
-belong to character, form and the size of the electrode of a given electrochemical treatment electrolyzer;
The character of-the catalyzer that adopted;
-belong to the number of the electrode pair of a given electrochemical treatment module;
And to the extension of other application, comprise sterilization in or the loop line open and/or filtration unit with other in conjunction with or other sterilization application of uncombined different water.
Claims (10)
1. the equipment that is used for the electrochemical disinfection of water, its utilization and anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction effect interrelate to dissolved organicly directly kill the virus, sterilization and inhibition bacteriological action, comprise at least one electrolyzer, this electrolyzer comprises an anode (1) and a negative electrode (2) that is included in the shell (3), this shell (3) have the inlet device (4) and the outlet unit (5) of water to be processed, described anode and negative electrode are passed to an electric current;
It is characterized in that the described electrode (1) and (2) that belong to a given electrolyzer have the form of plate, the catalytic surface respect to one another of these plates be symmetric, have identical surface and define a space, in this space have a few and all have same size, utilize owing to be included in the effect of the oxygenant that halid electrolysis produced in the water and remainingly replenish indirect sterilization and suppress bacteriological action thereby described electrode is covered with the mixed metal oxide of iridium and ruthenium.
2. according to the equipment of claim 1, thereby it is characterized in that a plurality of electrolyzers in series install the sterilisation effect in conjunction with them in water conservancy project.
3. according to the equipment of claim 1, thereby it is characterized in that a plurality of electrolyzers install the flow in conjunction with them in parallel in water conservancy project.
4. according to the equipment of claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that described electrolyzer is comprised in the common shell, described shell has the entrance and exit device of being shared by all described electrolyzers.
5. according to any one the equipment in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described electrolyzer (6) be immersed in one handle or setting tank (7) in and by convection phenomenon and working.
6. according to any one the equipment in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described electrolyzer (6) be placed in handle or the loop of setting tank (7) on.
7. according to the equipment of claim 5 or 7, it is characterized in that described electrolyzer (6) is coupled to the filtering system of filtering system (8), particularly particle or membranous type.
8. adopt method according to the equipment of aforementioned any one claim, it is characterized in that it comprise make circulate with stratiform or accurate laminated form in the space of the disinfectant water of wanting between the relative catalytic surface of the described anode of a given electrolyzer and described negative electrode.
9. method according to Claim 8 is characterized in that comprising with having 1 and 10A/dm
2Between the direct current of value and/or pulsed current in opposite mode to described electrode power supply.
10. method according to Claim 8 is characterized in that comprising:
According to according to water to be processed characteristic a kind of definite voltage percentage increasing amount and/or according to a definite sequential according to the character of water, the polar of described electrode is reversed programming.
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| CN200810185133A CN101746857A (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | Method and equipment of electrochemical disinfection for water |
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| CN200810185133A CN101746857A (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | Method and equipment of electrochemical disinfection for water |
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| CN200810185133A Pending CN101746857A (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | Method and equipment of electrochemical disinfection for water |
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| CN102373495A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-14 | 富葵精密组件(深圳)有限公司 | Electrolysis device |
| CN102539932A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-07-04 | 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔测量及调节技术分析仪表两合公司 | Conductivity sensor |
| CN104098159A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-15 | 钱光万 | Spiral liquid multistage layer eco-friendly intelligent printing and dyeing water treatment device |
| CN104936906B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2017-03-29 | 欧洲污水处理公司 | The method that electrochemical disinfection is carried out to water |
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| CN102373495A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2012-03-14 | 富葵精密组件(深圳)有限公司 | Electrolysis device |
| CN102539932A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-07-04 | 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔测量及调节技术分析仪表两合公司 | Conductivity sensor |
| CN102539932B (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2015-04-01 | 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔测量及调节技术分析仪表两合公司 | Conductivity sensor |
| CN104936906B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2017-03-29 | 欧洲污水处理公司 | The method that electrochemical disinfection is carried out to water |
| CN104098159A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-15 | 钱光万 | Spiral liquid multistage layer eco-friendly intelligent printing and dyeing water treatment device |
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| CN110267919A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2019-09-20 | 明亮火花有限责任公司 | Device comprising channel, cathode, anode and power supply and method for producing chlorine dioxide |
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| CN108946881A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-07 | 西安航科等离子体科技有限公司 | A kind of sterilizing method and device for water |
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