CN101728053A - Bistable electromagnetic actuator and product using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a bistable electromagnetic driver and a product using the bistable electromagnetic driver, the electromagnetic driver comprising: a first permanent magnet (301); a second permanent magnet (302), the second permanent magnet (302) being arranged opposite to the first permanent magnet (301), and the two opposite poles having the same polarity; a movable part (303), the movable part (303) being located between the first permanent magnet (301) and the second permanent magnet (302), and being surrounded by an excitation coil (304), and by applying currents of different directions to the excitation coil (304), the movable part (303) can move between the first permanent magnet (301) and the second permanent magnet (302). The bistable electromagnetic driver provided by the present invention has the advantages of good stability and low energy consumption.

Description

Bistable electromagnetic driver and products using the driver

technical field

The invention relates to an electromagnetic driver, and in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving bistable electromagnetic driver.

Background technique

Fig. 1 shows a traditional electromagnetic driver, which comprises: a movable part 11, a fixed part 12, a spring 13 connected between the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12, and an excitation coil 14 located in the fixed part, Wherein, both the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12 are made of magnetic materials. When the exciting coil 14 is charged, the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12 are attracted to each other; when the exciting coil 14 is not powered, the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12 are separated under the elastic force of the spring 13 . Therefore, in order to keep the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12 of the electromagnetic driver in the engaged state, the excitation coil 14 must be continuously powered, but its power consumption cannot be ignored.

Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b show the existing latching electromagnetic driver, wherein Fig. 2a shows the schematic diagram of the electromagnetic driver in the release state; Fig. 2b shows the schematic diagram of the electromagnetic driver in the engaging state. The latch type electromagnetic driver comprises a permanent magnet 21, a pair of fixed parts 22 respectively connected to the north and south poles of the permanent magnet 21 (the fixed part is made of magnetic material, and the magnetic poles are 22a and 22b respectively), an exciting coil 23, and a movable part 24 (the movable part is made of magnetic material), and a spring 25 connected to the movable part 24 . As shown in Figure 2a, when the excitation coil 23 is not electrified, the elastic force (the direction represented by the arrow 26) produced by the spring 25 is opposite to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 21, but the elastic force is greater than the magnetic force, so that the movable part 24 is kept at A steady state separated from poles 22a and 22b. If the exciting coil 22 is energized, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 22 is the same as that of the permanent magnet 21, the magnetic force is greater than the elastic force of the spring 25, and the movable part 24 and the fixed part 22 are attracted to each other, as shown in Figure 2b.

When the electromagnetic drive device is in the pull-in state shown in Figure 2b, even if the current of the excitation coil 23 is cut off, since the distance between the permanent magnet 21 and the movable part 24 is closer than the distance between the two when the release state is at this moment, therefore The attractive force of the permanent magnet 21 is greater than that of the released state, so that the attracted state can be maintained. On the other hand, if the excitation coil 23 generates a magnetic field opposite to that of the permanent magnet 21, the magnetism cancels out, and the movable member 24 returns to the original released state (shown in FIG. 2 a ) by the elastic force generated by the spring 25 . With this method of operation, this type of electromagnetic drive can achieve latching operation.

However, the above two electromagnetic drives have the following disadvantages:

(1) The number of ampere-turns of the exciting coil is too large. In particular, the latching driver requires a larger number of ampere-turns, which is caused by the fact that the magnetic circuit for the excitation coil to generate the magnetic field needs to pass through a permanent magnet with a large reluctance.

(2) Because the required ampere-turns are too large, the energy consumption of the excitation coil is too large. Especially for the traditional electromagnetic driver, if it is necessary to keep the movable part and the fixed part in the engaged state, the excitation coil must be continuously powered, and the resulting energy consumption is quite huge.

(3) Since the required ampere-turns are too large, the temperature of the excitation coil will increase significantly during the excitation process, thereby increasing the volume of the excitation coil.

(4) The magnetic force generated by the excitation coil needs to overcome the elastic force of the spring, which obviously increases the power consumption.

In addition, the above-mentioned latching electromagnetic driver also has the following disadvantages alone:

a. When the latching electromagnetic driver is released, the permanent magnet is completely in the reverse magnetic field generated by the exciting coil, that is, it is completely in the demagnetized state. In this way, as the latching electromagnetic driver continuously switches between the pull-in and release states, the permanent magnet will be repeatedly in a demagnetized state, which makes it difficult for the permanent magnet to maintain the magnetic force of the permanent magnet for a long time, which will affect the latching driver. stability.

b. Because the permanent magnet is placed in the middle of the fixed part, when the excitation coil is not powered, the magnetic force that attracts the movable part depends entirely on the magnetic force generated after the permanent magnet magnetizes the fixed part to lock the movable part. The magnetic force of the permanent magnet needs to be transmitted through a long magnetic circuit, and obviously the magnetic loss is relatively large, so there will be a problem of unstable locking state.

U.S. patent application 4752757 discloses a kind of three-stable locking type electromagnetic driver, although the three-stable locking type electromagnetic driver has certain technical advantages than the above-mentioned locking type electromagnetic driver, but because of its power to change the position of the movable part is A branch magnetic circuit derived from the excitation field of the excitation coil, that is, a component force of the annular magnetic circuit, causes the movable part to change its position. Obviously, the waste of excitation current is large, and when the movable part is in a steady state among the three positions, Its stability is poor, so the requirements for the working environment such as acceleration and vibration must be strict. Moreover, the three-stable locking electromagnetic driver is not suitable for widespread use in electrical products that only require two stable states of traction electromagnets. When three or more stable states are required, there are already superior and more mature steps. Electrical switches made of motors, such as step switches and step relays.

To sum up, the above-mentioned electromagnetic drivers all suffer from the defects of high energy consumption and poor stability.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the electromagnetic driver in the prior art, the present invention proposes an electromagnetic driver with low energy consumption and good stability.

The bistable electromagnetic driver provided by the present invention includes: a first permanent magnet; a second permanent magnet, which is arranged opposite to the first permanent magnet, and the opposite two poles have the same polarity; a movable part, the The movable part is located between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and its periphery is surrounded by an exciting coil. By applying currents in different directions to the exciting coil, the movable part can move between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. Move between two permanent magnets.

The present invention also provides a product using the above-mentioned electromagnetic driver, which includes a contactor, a relay, an electromagnetic valve or an electromagnetic lock.

The electromagnetic driver of the present invention has at least the following three advantages:

(1) The electromagnetic driver of the present invention adopts a double permanent magnet structure. When the excitation coil is loaded with current, the movable part is magnetized. At this moment, one of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet provides an attractive force to the movable part. The other provides the movable part with a repulsive force in the same direction as the attractive force, which can make the resultant force of the movable part very large, making the whole electromagnetic driver very stable.

(2) Since the movable part can move between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet also have a certain space in addition to accommodating the movable part, so as to provide a permanent magnet for excitation. The magnetic field generated by the coil leaves a channel, so that the reluctance of the entire magnetic field line circuit is very small, so that only a small excitation current can generate a strong magnetic field, which overcomes the existing latch-type electromagnetic driver due to the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil. The magnetic circuit needs to pass through a permanent magnet with a large reluctance, which leads to the defect of excessive ampere-turns.

(3) Since a channel is reserved for the excitation magnetic field, the permanent magnet is avoided from being in a demagnetized state repeatedly for a long time, so that the magnetism of the permanent magnet can be maintained for a long time, thereby greatly extending the life of the entire electromagnetic driver.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional electromagnetic driver;

Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of an existing latching electromagnetic driver in a released state;

Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of an existing latching electromagnetic driver in a pull-in state;

Fig. 3 a is the top view of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention;

Fig. 3 b is the sectional view along the A-A direction of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention;

Fig. 4 a is the control circuit diagram of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention;

Fig. 4 b is another kind of control circuit diagram of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention; And

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a contactor using the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 3a is a top view of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention, and Fig. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention along the direction A-A. As shown in Figures 3a and 3b, the bistable electromagnetic driver provided by the present invention includes: a first permanent magnet 301; a second permanent magnet 302, the second permanent magnet 302 is arranged opposite to the first permanent magnet 301, and The two poles have the same polarity; the movable part 303, the movable part 303 is located between the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302, and its periphery is surrounded by an excitation coil 304, by applying different direction, the movable member 303 can move between the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 . The first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 can be made of NdFeB permanent magnets, and the movable part 303 can be made of high-purity electrical magnets with small residual magnetism after excitation, such as DT3C or DT4C in China. pure iron.

Generally, the electromagnetic driver further includes an excitation coil bobbin 305 , and the excitation coil 304 is wound on a mandrel in the excitation coil bobbin 305 . The excitation coil 304 is made of enameled wire (for example, the enameled wire conforming to the Chinese label QZ standard); the excitation coil skeleton 305 can be made of bakelite, nylon or plastic, preferably using the Chinese label flame-retardant nylon 66. The lead wire 306 of the exciting coil 304 is led out through the lead head fixing seat 307 so as to load the exciting coil 304 with current through the lead wire 306 . The lead head 306 may be multiple strands of plastic-coated annealed copper wire, and the lead head fixing seat 307 is made of insulating material.

In order to prevent the movable part 303 from attracting the exciting coil 304 during the exciting process of the exciting coil 304 and causing the movable part 303 to deviate perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable part 303, so that the movable part 303 cannot move flexibly, preferably, the The electromagnetic driver can also include a magnetic isolation sleeve 308, which is located between the movable part 303 and the excitation coil 304, and is used to isolate the magnetic field of the excitation coil 304 perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable part 303, thereby preventing the movable part from 303 is subjected to the force of the excitation coil 304 in the lateral direction so that the movable part 303 cannot move flexibly. The magnetic isolation sleeve 308 is made of non-magnetic material (that is, a substance that will not be magnetized in a magnetic field), such as plastic, epoxy resin, and metal materials such as copper and aluminum.

In the case where the magnetic isolation effect of the magnetic isolation sleeve 308 is not good, the movable part 303 may rub against the excitation coil skeleton 305 due to the lateral force of the excitation coil 304 during the movement process. A better fit can be obtained and the friction between the excitation coil frame 305 can be reduced. Preferably, the magnetic isolation sleeve 308 is made of tin phosphor bronze or aluminum. In addition, the magnetic isolation sleeve 308 made of tin phosphor bronze or aluminum also has good wear resistance.

In order to prevent the movable part 303 from directly impacting on the relatively brittle first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 during motion, preferably, the electromagnetic driver can also include an impact-resistant part 309, which is made of magnetic material made, and located on the surface where the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302 is in contact with the movable part 303, it is used to gather the magnetic field lines of the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302 on the impact-resistant part 309, so that the movable part 303 in contact with the impact-resistant part 309 can be magnetized, and prevent the movable part 303 from directly hitting the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302, thereby protecting all Describe the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302. Here, the impact-resistant component 309 is also located in the magnetic isolation sleeve 308 .

In order to enable the impact-resistant member 309 to effectively gather the magnetic force lines of the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302 on the impact-resistant member 309 to maintain a strong magnetic pole, preferably, the impact-resistant member 309 It is electrical pure iron, such as pure iron labeled DT3C or DT4E in China.

Preferably, the electromagnetic driver can also include a magnetic cylinder for accommodating the first permanent magnet 301, the second permanent magnet 302 and the movable part 303, and gathering the energy of the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 Divergent magnetic field. Specifically, the magnetic cylinder is composed of a cylinder body 310, an upper end cover 311 and a lower end cover 312. The upper end cover 311 and the lower end cover 312 can be fixed with the cylinder body 310 by fastening screws 315, thereby constructing a magnetic cylinder. A closed environment to accommodate the first permanent magnet 301 , the second permanent magnet 302 , the movable part 303 , the excitation coil 304 , the excitation coil bobbin 305 , the lead head fixing base 307 , the magnetic isolation sleeve 308 and the impact resistance part 309 . The cylinder block 310 of the magnetic cylinder, the upper end cover 311 and the lower end cover 312 also gather the divergent magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 to the working magnetic poles, which improves the magnetic field of the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302. Magnetic energy utilization. The cylinder body 310 , the upper end cover 311 and the lower end cover 312 are preferably made of Chinese grade 10# low carbon steel. Here, the impact-resistant member 309, the first permanent magnet 301 and the upper end cover 311 are fixedly connected to each other, the impact-resistant member 309, the second permanent magnet 302 and the lower end cover 312 are fixedly connected to each other, and the fixed connection It can be realized in various ways, for example, it can be realized through rivets 313 .

The electromagnetic driver further includes a link 314, which is fixedly connected with the movable part 303, and is used to transmit the force and displacement generated by the movable part 303 under the excitation of the excitation coil 304 to the driving object of the electromagnetic driver. The connecting rod 314 is made of non-magnetic material, preferably brass. Preferably, the rivets 313 for fixing the impact-resistant part 309, the first permanent magnet 301 and the upper end cover 311 and the impact-resistant part 309, the second permanent magnet 302 and the lower end cover 312 are hollow rivets, and the connecting rod 314 passes through The hollow rivet protrudes from the magnetic cylinder. When using the electromagnetic driver to drive the contacts of the relay or contactor, the link 314 transmits the force and displacement generated by the movable member 303 under the excitation of the excitation coil 304 to the movable support of the contactor or the relay, resulting in The contacts of a contactor or relay close or open.

As shown in Figure 4a, the electromagnetic driver can also include a start-stop button 316 and a built-in reversing switch 317, the start-stop button 316 is used to control the current loading of the excitation coil 304; the built-in reversing switch 317 is connected to the start-stop Between the button 316 and the excitation coil 304, it is used to change the flow direction of the current in the excitation coil 304 when the excitation coil 304 is loaded with current each time. The built-in reversing switch 317 can be installed on the lead head fixing seat of the excitation coil 304 307 in.

As shown in FIG. 4b, the electromagnetic driver may include an external reversing switch 318, which is electrically connected to the excitation coil 304, and is used to control the current loading of the excitation coil 304 and the flow direction of the loaded current. . It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned start-stop button 316 and built-in reversing switch 317 are replaced by an external reversing switch 318 .

Both of the above two methods can conveniently control the current loading of the excitation coil 304 and the flow direction of the loaded current. The user only needs to press the start-stop button 316 or the external reversing switch 318 to provide a DC pulse to the excitation coil 304 ( 40-50ms), so that the movable member 303 changes its position and maintains it. The above "built-in" and "external" are all for the position of the reversing switch relative to the magnetic cylinder. If the reversing switch is located outside the magnetic cylinder, it is called "external reversing switch"; otherwise, It's called a "built-in reversing switch".

The operating loop of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention must be powered by DC. If it is necessary to apply the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention in the AC environment, the AC power can be converted into DC by the rectifier, and then connected with the excitation coil 304, and the control loop (referring to the use of the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention) Devices with steady-state electromagnetic drives, such as motors, can work in AC or DC power supply environments, and do not need to be limited by the DC working environment of bistable electromagnetic drives.

The working process of the bistable electromagnetic driver provided by the present invention is described below. As shown in FIG. 3 a , if the movable member 303 is attracted to the first permanent magnet 301 , we call the position of the movable member 303 at this time an initial position or a first position. If the movable member 303 is attracted to the second permanent magnet 302 , we call the position of the movable member 303 as the second position. When the excitation coil 304 of the bistable electromagnetic driver is not supplied with excitation current, the movable member 303 is always in the first position or the second position.

When applying an exciting DC current to the excitation coil 304 (and the DC current makes the direction of magnetization of the movable part 303 be S at the upper end and N at the lower end), the movable part 303 becomes a magnet with polarity, which is compatible with the first permanent magnet. 301 interacts with the second permanent magnet 302, and the result of the action is that the first permanent magnet 301 pushes the movable part 303 toward the second position (repulsion), and the second permanent magnet 302 pulls the movable part 303 toward the second position (attraction) ). When the movable part 303 was in contact with the impact-resistant part 309 positioned on the second permanent magnet 302, the movable part 303 would be magnetized by the second permanent magnet 302 and be firmly attracted; The movable part 303 maintains a certain repulsive force. It can be seen here that the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention can be very stably fixed in one position, so it can be used in very harsh environments.

When the movable part 303 is in the second position, as long as the direction of the exciting current is changed, the polarity of the movable part 303 will be reversed. At this time, it will repel the second permanent magnet 302 and attract the first permanent magnet. Thereby returning to the initial position immediately. The application time of the excitation current required to change the position of the movable member 303 generally only needs 40ms-50ms. Thereafter, no current is applied if the position of the movable member 303 does not need to be changed, and the excitation current is applied again when the position needs to be changed. Of course, the magnitude of the excitation current is required to be greater than the minimum current required to enable the movable body 303 to leave the first position or the second position, that is, the critical current. The calculation process of the critical current is introduced below.

Calculation of critical current

As shown in FIG. 3 , the movable member 303 is stably at the first position. Assuming that the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 produce the average magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field at the position of the movable part 303 to be B ₀ , and because the first permanent magnet 301 and the second permanent magnet 302 are hard magnetic materials, their magnetic properties It is less affected by the external magnetic field. Assume further that B ₀ remains constant regardless of whether the excitation coil 304 is energized or not. Therefore, when the excitation coil 304 is not powered, the electromagnetic force received by the movable member 303 can be approximately calculated as:

F ₀ =K ₀ ·B ₀ ² ,

Where K ₀ is a constant related to the magnetic permeability of the air and the cross-sectional area of the side opposite to the first permanent magnet 303 or the second permanent magnet 302 of the movable member 303 , and the constant is known to those skilled in the art.

After the excitation coil 304 is energized, the direction of the magnetic field it produces is opposite to that produced by the first permanent magnet 301 or the second permanent magnet 302. If the electromagnetic forces produced by the two magnetic fields cancel each other out, the movable part 303 is in a critical state at this moment. The electromagnetic force is zero, so the following formula can be obtained:

F ₀ ＝K ₀ ·B ₀ ² ＝K ₁ ·(N·I _c ) ²

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="H200910161552XE0000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}$

Wherein K ₁ is a constant, the size of this constant is related to the cross-sectional area of the movable part 303 and the opposite side of the first permanent magnet 303 or the second permanent magnet 302 and the distance between the movable part 303 and the second permanent magnet 302, and this constant is this constant Known to those skilled in the art; N is the number of turns of the exciting coil 304, and Ic is the critical current.

Theoretically, as long as the excitation current of the excitation coil 304 is greater than the critical current, the movable member 303 can be moved. The greater the excitation current, the faster the movable member 303 can switch from one position to another, but the power consumption also increases accordingly. Therefore, in practical applications, the excitation current is usually set to a compromised value.

In addition, the present invention also provides a product using the above-mentioned electromagnetic driver, which includes a contactor, a relay, a solenoid valve or an electromagnetic lock. The following uses a contactor or a relay as an example to illustrate the benefits of using the above-mentioned electromagnetic driver. As shown in FIG. 5 , the contact 401 of the contactor or relay contacts or disconnects with the change of the position of the movable part 303 in the electromagnetic driver, so as to realize the on-off control between the load 402 and the power supply. In traditional contactors or relays that are now widely used, due to the small force that keeps the movable parts in a stable state, when the contactor or relay is used in an environment with high acceleration and vibration, it is easy to cause The movable parts are out of the steady state, so the existing contactors or relays have limitations on acceleration and vibration. And because the bistable electromagnetic relay of the present invention adopts the double permanent magnet structure, the movable part 303 can be fixed in a certain position very stably, therefore, the contactor or the relay that adopts the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention to make are in this respect The requirements can be almost ignored and will not be subject to any restrictions. Certainly, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned contactor, relay, electromagnetic valve or electromagnetic lock, and may also include other electromagnetic devices using the above-mentioned electromagnetic driver.

The advantages of the contactor using the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention in terms of energy consumption are introduced below by comparing the contactor using the traditional electromagnetic driver.

The contactor using the traditional electromagnetic drive needs continuous power supply for its excitation coil in the pull-in working state. Taking AC-3 working system 63A (ampere) contactor as an example, the power consumption of the excitation coil is 40W, that is, a 63A (ampere) contactor needs a 40W light bulb to accompany its holding work . If a 63A (ampere) contactor works 24 hours a day, then its power consumption in a day is 40W x 24 hours = 960 watt hours. The power consumption is nearly one degree a day, and the consequence of this power consumption is to heat the excitation coil and sometimes generate noise. In order to maintain the normal operation of the contactor, it is necessary to add heat dissipation equipment to make it forced to cool, and these cooling equipment consume power and generate noise at the same time. In addition to the power consumption of cooling equipment, the power consumption of a 63A contactor is far more than one kWh a day. In my country, there are more than 10 million contactors that are in the state of holding work all day every year, so the annual power consumption is (calculated by 10 million units):

1 degree × 365 × 10,000,000 = 3,650,000,000 degrees, or 3.65 billion degrees of electricity.

Calculated at 0.5 yuan per kilowatt-hour, the electricity bill is 1.825 billion yuan, and the temperature rise "pollution" caused by the heat generated by electricity consumption to the environment is not included here.

In the contactor using the "bistable electromagnetic driver" proposed by this application, only a trigger signal needs to be applied to the excitation coil, and the contactor can be stably in the pull-in or release working state. When it is in pull-in or release In the state, the excitation coil does not need power supply, which can greatly reduce energy consumption and heat generation. The calculation of the power consumption of this kind of trigger when triggered is as follows:

Every time it is triggered, the power supply time of the contactor is 50ms (milliseconds), and the start-up power consumption of the excitation coil is 6 times the average power consumption (taking 40W as an example), and the energy consumption per trigger is:

40W×6×50ms＝12,000W ms＝12W s＝0.003 Wh

The traditional ordinary contactor consumes 40 watts of electricity per hour of holding work. If it works for 1 hour every time it is triggered, the power saving efficiency of the contactor using the "bistable electromagnetic drive" of this application is:

(40W·h-0.003W·h)÷40W·h×100%＝99.9916%

It can be seen that the longer the contactor is, the higher the power saving efficiency is, because no matter how long the contactor is held, it only needs to trigger power supply once. Of course, in the frequently started (short-term working system) contactor, its energy-saving efficiency will be reduced accordingly. For example, every time the power supply is triggered, the contactor will work for 1 minute, and its power-saving efficiency is:

(2400W·s-12W·s)÷2400W·s×100%＝99.5%

The above calculation is the power-saving efficiency of triggering once, but in fact, it needs to be triggered twice to complete a working cycle, that is, if the contactor is in the released state, it will be in the pull-in state when it is triggered once, and it will return to the released state when it is triggered again. This has just completed one working cycle, so its power saving efficiency should be:

1. The energy-saving efficiency of one-hour pull-in operation:

(40W·h-0.003W·h×2)÷40W·h×100%＝99.983%

2. Power-saving efficiency of one minute of pull-in operation:

(2400W·s-12W·s×2)÷2400W·s×100%＝99.00%

3. Power-saving efficiency of 30-second pull-in operation:

(1200W·s-12W·s×2)÷1200W·s×100%＝98.00%

If there are 10 million such "bistable trigger contactors" working, the electricity bill saved each year is:

1.625 billion yuan × 98% = 1.5925 billion yuan

What a huge number! It can be seen that the contactor adopting the bistable electromagnetic driver of the present invention saves energy consumption very much, and its popularization and application prospect is very worthy of attention.

Claims (10)

1. A bistable electromagnetic driver, the electromagnetic driver comprising: The first permanent magnet (301); A second permanent magnet (302), the second permanent magnet (302) is arranged opposite to the first permanent magnet (301), and the opposite two poles have the same polarity; The movable part (303), the movable part (303) is located between the first permanent magnet (301) and the second permanent magnet (302), and its periphery is surrounded by an excitation coil (304), through which the excitation coil ( 304) Applying currents in different directions, the movable member (303) can move between the first permanent magnet (301) and the second permanent magnet (302). 2. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises a magnetic isolation sleeve (308), and the magnetic isolation sleeve (308) is located between the movable part (303) and the excitation coil. Between (304), used for isolating the magnetic field of the excitation coil (304) perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable part (303). 3. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic isolation sleeve (308) is made of tin phosphor bronze or aluminum. 4. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises an impact-resistant part (309), and the impact-resistant part (309) is located at the first permanent magnet (301) and/or The surface of the second permanent magnet (302) in contact with the movable part (303) is used to prevent the movable part (303) from directly colliding with the first permanent magnet (301) and/or the second permanent magnet (302) on. 5. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 4, wherein the impact-resistant member (309) is made of pure electrical iron. 6. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises a magnetic cylinder for accommodating the first permanent magnet (301), the second permanent magnet (302) and the movable part ( 303), and gather the divergent magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet (301) and the second permanent magnet (302). 7. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises a link (314), which is fixedly connected to the movable part (303) for moving the movable part (303) The force and displacement generated by the component (303) under the excitation of the excitation coil (304) are transmitted to the driving object of the electromagnetic driver. 8. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises: The start-stop button (316) is used to control the current loading of the excitation coil (304); A built-in reversing switch (317), connected between the start-stop button (316) and the excitation coil (304), is used to change the current in the excitation coil (304) when the excitation coil (304) is loaded with current. the flow direction of the current. 9. The bistable electromagnetic driver according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the electromagnetic driver further comprises an external reversing switch (318), electrically connected to the excitation coil (304), It is used to control the current loading of the excitation coil (304) and the flow direction of the loaded current. 10. A product using the bistable electromagnetic driver according to any one of claims 1-9, the product is a contactor, a relay, a solenoid valve or an electromagnetic lock.

Images