CN101725965B - High-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed and control method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101725965B CN101725965B CN2008102246123A CN200810224612A CN101725965B CN 101725965 B CN101725965 B CN 101725965B CN 2008102246123 A CN2008102246123 A CN 2008102246123A CN 200810224612 A CN200810224612 A CN 200810224612A CN 101725965 B CN101725965 B CN 101725965B
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- Prior art keywords
- air
- inert gas
- cyclone separator
- fluidized bed
- burner hearth
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- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
This invention discloses a high-temperature fume furnace of a circulating fluidized bed. The fume furnace comprises a hearth, an air distributor, a pneumatic spreader stroker, a secondary air and inert gas device, a cyclone separator, a feedback unit and a tail flue, wherein the outlet of the air distributor and the spreading opening of the pneumatic spreader stroker are both connected with the hearth; the secondary air and inert gas device is also communicated with the hearth; the outlet of the hearth is connected with the inlet of the cyclone separator; one end of the feedback unit is connected with the solid outlet of the cyclone separator, while the other end thereof is communicated with the hearth; and the tail flue is connected with the gas outlet of the cyclone separator. The high-temperature fume furnace of the circulating fluidized bed of the invention can improve the combustion efficiency and the capacity of the fume furnace, control the combustion temperature of the health, prevent coking in the hearth, and keep the oxygen content of the gas of below 8 percent at the outlet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flue gas stove, relate in particular to a kind of high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed and control method thereof.
Background technology
The flue gas stove is widely used in operations such as drying, calcining in commercial production.With common ebullated bed flue gas stove of the prior art is example, and on the one hand, ebullated bed flue gas heat size is prone to because of fluidizing gas velocity is low, and cloth wind is uneven and cause normally fluidisation of part, thereby " dead " problem occurs; Therefore, generally below 20MW, capacity is difficult to improve the capacity of ebullated bed flue gas stove.On the other hand, the tiny carbon granules that has a large amount of coal ash in the flue gas of generation and do not burn influences efficiency of combustion and flue gas quality.Simultaneously the furnace wall of ebullated bed flue gas stove also exists easy bulge, crackle and shortcoming such as collapse.
In addition, above-mentioned ebullated bed flue gas stove usually adopts high excess air coefficient to control exit gas temperature, and it is higher therefore to export oxygen content of smoke gas, when being used for inflammable and explosive material dry, has certain danger.
Summary of the invention
To the defective of above-mentioned prior art, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of flue gas stove that can improve fluidizing velocity, improve efficiency of combustion and flue gas heat size.
High-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed provided by the invention comprises: burner hearth, air-distribution device, strength coal sorting feeder, secondary wind and inert gas installation, cyclone separator, feeding back device and back-end ductwork; Wherein, the coal mouth of broadcasting of the air outlet of air-distribution device and strength coal sorting feeder all is communicated with burner hearth; Secondary wind and inert gas installation are communicated with burner hearth; Furnace outlet is connected with the inlet of cyclone separator; Feeding back device one end is connected with the solid outlet of cyclone separator, and the other end is communicated with burner hearth; Back-end ductwork is connected with the gas vent of cyclone separator.
Preferably, secondary wind and inert gas installation communicate with burner hearth at the differing heights of hearth wall.
Preferably, said flue gas stove also comprises the branch matching air box, and through said minute matching air box, said secondary wind and inert gas installation communicated with burner hearth at the differing heights of hearth wall.
Preferably, said minute matching air box comprises the multilayer airway that throughput is different.
Preferably, air-distribution device and strength coal sorting feeder provide wind-force by same high pressure positive blower.
The present invention also provides a kind of high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed control method, and said method comprises: a. starts burning; B. in burner hearth, feed secondary wind and inert gas,, oxygen content in the stove is remained on below 8%, temperature in the stove is remained on 800 ℃-950 ℃ through regulating said secondary wind and amount of inert gas; C. the flue gas of furnace outlet is introduced cyclone separator and carry out gas solid separation; D. the flue gas after separating is by the introducing back-end ductwork of cyclone separator, and the isolated coal ash of cyclone separator is sent back to burner hearth through feeding back device.
Preferably, through said minute matching air box, said secondary wind and inert gas fed burner hearth from the differing heights of hearth wall.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantage:
Utilize the cyclone separator of furnace outlet to collect coal ash in the flue gas and the tiny carbon granules that does not burn, circulating combustion in feeding back device is sent stove back to compared with prior art, has improved the burnout rate and the efficiency of combustion of coal.And, send low temperature, low oxygen content inertia circulated air back to burner hearth through inert gas installation, controlled combustion temperature in hearth and outlet oxygen content of smoke gas effectively; Avoided coking in the stove; Strengthened the gas stream in the stove stirring simultaneously, overheavy firing makes coal abundant in the stove internal combustion.
Through minute matching air box low temperature inertia circulating flue gas is fed burner hearth; Preferably can spray in the stove at a high speed according to the different branch multilayers of tolerance (for example four layers); Can absorb furnace heat like this; Keep normal operating temperature (for example about 850 ℃) in the stove, and can the outlet oxygen content of smoke gas be controlled at below 8%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the control structure sketch map of the high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the air-distribution device sketch map of the high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is secondary wind and the sketch map of inert gas installation of the high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is cyclone separator and the sketch map of feeding back device of the high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of one embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of the present invention comprises burner hearth 1, air-distribution device 2, strength coal sorting feeder 3, secondary wind and inert gas installation 4, cyclone separator 5, feeding back device 6 and back-end ductwork 7.Fig. 2 representes the control structure of high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of the present invention.
Air-distribution device 2 comprises parts such as air distribution plate, blast cap, air compartment, and blast cap and air distribution plate are installed in the isobaric air compartment, introduces in the air compartment through the blast cap that is arranged on the air distribution plate from the gas of source of the gas (for example blower fan), makes the coal fluidized bed combustion.The air outlet of air-distribution device 2 is communicated with burner hearth.Strength coal sorting feeder 3 can utilize blower fan to realize that the coal mouth of broadcasting of strength coal sorting feeder is communicated with burner hearth, and said strength coal sorting feeder is used for coal is evenly broadcast in the stove.
Preferably; Can adopt a wind apparatus for air-distribution device 2 and strength coal sorting feeder 3 wind-force to be provided simultaneously; For example, one time wind apparatus can be high pressure positive blower, except that the fluidisation air quantity that satisfies air-distribution device; Also provide a certain amount of and broadcast coal and fuel oil is used wind, guaranteed combustion share certain in the emulsion zone.
The present invention adopts secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 for the flue gas stove secondary wind and inert gas to be provided.The blower fan that secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 can adopt various parameters to be fit to.Secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 comprise secondary wind conveying equipment and inert gas conveying equipment, are respectively applied for feeding secondary wind and inert gas.Wherein, the secondary wind energy provides coal grain completing combustion required air, can also add strong disturbance, makes material even, improves the burnout rate of coal; Inert gas then can be regulated stove internal combustion flue-gas temperature, strengthen the gas stream in the stove stirring, thereby makes coal abundant in the stove internal combustion.
Preferably; The secondary wind that secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 are supplied with feeds in the stove from the diverse location of flue gas stove; For example divide to feed respectively in the burner hearth, to guarantee that fuel in the burning of stove internal classification, improves coal grain burn-out degree from high, medium and low three positions of burner hearth; Simultaneously, make the flue-gas temperature in the stove more even.
For guaranteeing the flue-gas temperature in emulsion zone, secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 also comprise the inert gas conveying equipment, for example by an inert gas booster fan, a certain amount of inert gas are sent into emulsion zone, absorb the heat that coal combustion sends.For making each section of burner hearth flue-gas temperature in allowed band, divide three layers of low temperature inertia circulating flue gas of sending here from another booster fan that sprays into that quantity do not wait from stove front-back wall differing heights.
In this embodiment; Through utilizing secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 inert gas with lower temperature (for example about 110 ℃); Be that inertia circulating air (for example dried tail gas) is sent into burner hearth 1 from the differing heights layering; Thereby can the ignition temperature of burner hearth 1 be controlled at uniform temperature, for example between 800 ℃-950 ℃.The inert gas of low temperature is scalable stove internal combustion flue-gas temperature both, prevents coking in the stove, strengthens gas stream in the stove simultaneously and stirs, and overheavy firing makes coal abundant in the stove internal combustion.For further guaranteeing not overtemperature, the noncoking of fuel combustion of emulsion zone, utilize booster fan with the air compartment of one road inert gas, with the combustion share of control fuel from a bypass feeding air-distribution device 2.
Preferably, the present invention is provided with cyclone separator 5 in the outlet of burner hearth 1, and the outlet of burner hearth 1 is connected with the inlet of cyclone separator 5, and in the bottom of cyclone separator 5 feeding back device 6 is set.The high-temperature flue gas with certain ash concentration that 1 outlet is carried for burner hearth separates through cyclone separator 5, and a large amount of coal ash in the flue gas can be separated; In feeding back device is sent stove back to; Circulating combustion is kept normal circulating ratio in the stove, has improved the efficiency of combustion of stove.And isolated flue is sent into the drying system use through back-end ductwork 7 grades.The operation principle of said cyclone separator 5 is: contain dust gas and import from inlet between the shell and blast pipe of cyclone separator 5, form the outer eddy flow of rotation.The dust that is suspended in outer eddy flow is shifted to wall under action of centrifugal force, and discharges with the circulate solid outlet of cyclone separator 5 of outward turning, and isolated flue is discharged from the gas vent of cyclone separator 5, and exports from system through back-end ductwork 7.
Preferably, the burner hearth of flue gas stove of the present invention and back-end ductwork adopt backplate heavy boiler setting structure.And can on backplate, arrange heat-resisting pin with predetermined density, and lay insulation, thermal insulation and the high-strength fireproof high-abrasive material of different-thickness, form the backplate heavy boiler setting.Like this, both considered self expanding of furnace wall, can guarantee again furnace wall not the crack, do not come off, the furnace wall sealing property is better.
Because the present invention is improved to bubbling bed pattern flue gas stove in the flue gas stove of recirculating fluidized bed pattern; Reduce the fluidisation area, improved fluidizing velocity, avoided local coking to cause " dead bed "; Guaranteed material evenly burning in stove, made furnace capacity from bringing up to more than the 40MW below the 20MW.
Fig. 3-5 shows air-distribution device, secondary wind and inert gas installation, cyclone separator and the feeding back device structure of high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed of the present invention respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed control method, may further comprise the steps:
Start burning; After the flue gas stove starts burning, an amount of secondary air flow and inert gas air quantity are fed burner hearth; Flue-gas temperature according to each point in the stove; Secondary wind and inert gas installation 4 are carried out adjusting carefully; So that regulate the tolerance of secondary wind and inert gas; The each point flue-gas temperature remains on 800 ℃~950 ℃ in the stove thereby make, and the exit gas temperature of burner hearth 1 maintains 850 ℃ ± 50 ℃, and oxygen content of smoke gas maintains below 8%.Preferably, oxygen content of smoke gas is controlled at below 5%.
The high-temperature flue gas of furnace outlet gets into cyclone separator 5 and carries out gas solid separation, and the flue gas that purified is introduced back-end ductwork 7 by the central tube of cyclone separator; The coal ash that in cyclone separator, is separated through the person in charge and the feeding back device 6 of cyclone separator bottom, is partly or entirely controlledly sent back to the lower furnace portion emulsion zone and is realized circulating combustion, to reach the highest efficiency of combustion.
Although the present invention describes through above-mentioned preferred implementation, its way of realization is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment.Should be realized that under the situation that does not break away from purport of the present invention those skilled in the art can make different variations and modification to the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed is characterized in that, comprising: burner hearth, air-distribution device, strength coal sorting feeder, secondary wind and inert gas installation, cyclone separator, feeding back device and back-end ductwork, wherein,
The coal mouth of broadcasting of the air outlet of air-distribution device and strength coal sorting feeder all is communicated with burner hearth;
Secondary wind and inert gas installation are communicated with burner hearth, and secondary wind and inert gas installation are communicated with the air compartment of air-distribution device;
Furnace outlet is connected with the inlet of cyclone separator;
Feeding back device one end is connected with the solid outlet of cyclone separator, and the other end is communicated with burner hearth;
Back-end ductwork is connected with the gas vent of cyclone separator.
2. high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, secondary wind and inert gas installation communicate with burner hearth at the differing heights of hearth wall.
3. high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the branch matching air box, and through said minute matching air box, said secondary wind and inert gas installation communicated with burner hearth at the differing heights of hearth wall.
4. high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 3 is characterized in that, matching air box comprised the multilayer airway that throughput is different in said minute.
5. high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 4 is characterized in that, air-distribution device and strength coal sorting feeder provide wind-force by same high pressure positive blower.
6. a high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed control method is characterized in that, comprising:
A. start burning;
B. in burner hearth, feed secondary air flow and inert gas; Through regulating said secondary wind and amount of inert gas; Temperature in the stove is remained on 800 ℃-950 ℃, will export oxygen content of smoke gas and remain on below 8%, and one road inert gas is fed the air compartment of air-distribution device from a bypass;
C. the flue gas of furnace outlet is introduced cyclone separator and carry out gas solid separation;
D. the flue gas after separating is introduced back-end ductwork by cyclone separator, and the isolated coal ash of cyclone separator is sent burner hearth back to through feeding back device.
7. high-temperature fume furnace of circulating fluidized bed control method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, through said minute matching air box, said secondary wind and inert gas fed burner hearth from the differing heights of hearth wall.
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