CN101725211A - Fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, which is composed of four parts: bamboo material (1), fiber reinforcement (2), impregnating glue (31) and interface glue (32), which are jointly pressed into a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component; wherein, The fiber reinforcement (2) is placed inside the bamboo material (1), wrapped by the bamboo material (1), and has a protective layer of thickness c. The direction of the fiber reinforcement (2) is parallel to the axis direction of the component, and is concentrated in the tensile area of the cross section Or in the compressed area, the impregnating glue (31) is impregnated in the bamboo (1), and the interface glue (32) is brushed on the surface of the fiber tendons (2) to form a reliable interface between the fiber tendons (2) and the bamboo (1). The present invention overcomes the defects of the known bamboo components, can greatly improve the stiffness of the original bamboo components, improves the unfavorable situation of its stiffness control design, and creates a new opportunity for the popularization and application of bamboo as the main force-bearing component in the field of civil and architectural structures. condition.

Description

A fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component

technical field

The invention relates to a composite bamboo component, in particular to a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, which can be widely used in various components in the field of civil engineering structures.

Background technique

At present, most of the building structures in our country adopt brick-concrete structure and reinforced concrete structure, using a large amount of clay products and cement, which not only consumes a large amount of limestone resources, destroys fertile land, but also produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, destroying the ecological environment; at the same time, Brick-concrete structures and reinforced concrete structures also have certain deficiencies, such as poor seismic performance of brick-concrete structures, large size of concrete structural members, heavy weight, poor crack resistance, poor durability, and difficulty in repairing or dismantling.

In order to maintain sustainable economic development, reduce the dependence of buildings on cement, save precious land resources, make full use of renewable resources as building materials, and gradually change the existing building structure, wood structure and bamboo structure have gradually gained people's attention , but my country's forest resources are scarce, the wood regeneration cycle is long, and the application of wood structures is severely restricted. "Replacing wood with bamboo", the engineering structure made of bamboo engineering materials made by modern composite and recombination technology has the similar superior performance of wood structure, and it has outstanding ecological performance, heat preservation and energy saving, seismic performance, construction and industrialization However, in the application process of bamboo structures, it is found that there are the following problems: (1) The elastic modulus is low, and the design of the bending members is usually controlled by stiffness, resulting in low strength utilization of materials (for example: bamboo beams According to China's "wooden structure design code" the ultimate bearing capacity of the deflection check is about 1/5 of the ultimate bearing capacity of the strength check); (2) the tensile strength of bamboo is relatively low, and the neutral axis is near the symmetry axis of the section, which is higher (3) The mechanical properties are relatively discrete, and often fail early due to local defects; (4) The failure mode is relatively brittle, and the failure process is relatively short, which does not meet the requirements of structural components for ductile components .

How to improve and enhance the mechanical properties of bamboo components is a problem that must be faced in the application of civil engineering. For example, Chinese Patent No. "98228210.9" discloses a "steel-bamboo composite A kind of bamboo composite board in the middle of the bamboo woven board can be applied to vehicle and ship templates, building templates, packaging boards, etc., but this technology is limited to the production and application of boards. The metal mesh itself has corrosion problems and changes the original bamboo board. Easy to process, difficult to apply to other stressed members of the structure.

The fiber reinforcement is a composite reinforcement formed by extruding and pulling through a special mold after gluing multiple strands of continuous fibers through the base material. According to the different types of fibers, there are carbon fiber bars, basalt fiber bars, glass fiber bars, aramid fiber bars and mixed fiber bars, etc. The shape has different forms such as smooth circle, sandblasting, scoring, thread, etc., and the diameter is generally 3mm to 40mm. It has excellent characteristics such as high tensile strength, low density, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, non-magnetism, and easy processing, and has been widely researched and applied at home and abroad.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite bamboo component that can be widely used in the field of civil and architectural structures, especially a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, which overcomes the shortcomings of existing bamboo components and is widely used in making structures such as buildings and bridges The main force-bearing members of the structure include beams, columns, plates and trusses.

Therefore, the present invention provides a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, which is mainly composed of four parts: bamboo material, fiber reinforcement, impregnating glue and interface glue, which are jointly pressed into a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component.

In this component, fiber tendons are placed inside the bamboo, wrapped by bamboo, and have a protective layer with a certain thickness; the direction of fiber tendons is parallel to the axis of the component, and they are concentrated in the tension zone or compression zone of the section to bear the tensile stress and stress respectively. compressive stress, and improve the stiffness of the entire member, which is equivalent to the main reinforcement in traditional reinforced concrete members; at the same time, the ductility of fiber reinforcement ensures sufficient deformation capacity of the member.

Bamboo can be bamboo strips or bamboo tow. The thickness of the bamboo strips is 0.8mm-1.2mm, the width is 10mm-20mm, and the length can be changed according to the needs; the bamboo tow is a loose mesh fiber bundle that loosens the bamboo material into long, interlinked and maintains the original arrangement of the fibers ; The moisture content of bamboo should be controlled below 15%.

The type of fiber reinforcement can be carbon fiber reinforcement, basalt fiber reinforcement, glass fiber reinforcement, aramid fiber reinforcement and hybrid fiber reinforcement, etc. For beams, plates and other bending members, carbon fiber reinforcement with high elastic modulus can be selected to ensure sufficient Rigidity, for eccentric compression members such as columns and piers, basalt fiber reinforcement and glass fiber reinforcement with larger ultimate strain can be used to ensure higher lateral deformation capacity of the member. In order to ensure the bonding performance between the fiber reinforcement and the bamboo, the fiber reinforcement can adopt rough surface forms such as sandblasting or scoring treatment or threads.

The reinforcement form of this member can be a single-reinforced cross-section or a double-reinforced cross-section. For single-reinforcement cross-sections, the fiber reinforcements are concentrated in the tension area, and only strengthen the tension area of the cross-section; for double-reinforcement cross-sections, the fiber reinforcements are concentrated in the tension and compression areas at the same time, and at the same time strengthen the tension and compression areas of the cross-section. The compression zone is enhanced.

The cross-sectional structure of the member mainly includes: a) rectangular cross-section, b) T-shaped cross-section, and c) I-shaped cross-section. In the rectangular section, the cross section of the member is rectangular, and the fiber reinforcement is arranged at the lower part of the section or at the same time as the upper part; the T-shaped section is composed of the web and the upper flange plate, the upper flange plate is located in the upper compression zone, and the fiber reinforcement is arranged on the web The lower part or the upper part of the upper flange at the same time; the I-shaped section is composed of web, lower flange and upper flange, and the fiber reinforcement is arranged at the lower part of the lower flange or at the same time on the upper part of the upper flange.

The manufacture of fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering components with rectangular cross-sections includes the following steps: first, prepare bamboo raw materials, then impregnate the impregnating glue into the bamboo, and perform drying treatment. According to the position of the cross-section of the fiber bars, the bamboo and fiber bars are assembled, and finally, hot pressing and post-processing are carried out.

When pressing, the total amount of bamboo used should be calculated according to the pressing target density. The vertical position of the fiber tendons is controlled by the amount of bamboo above and below the fiber tendons. The target density is 1.0-1.1g/cm ³ , the pressing temperature is 135-150°C, and the pressure is 5.5-6.0N/mm ² . After the pressing is completed, it is sawed and shaped according to the design.

For T-shaped section and I-shaped section, it is composed of two or more simple rectangular sections. When combining, the bonding interface of the joint should ensure cleanness and tightness, and the superimposed pressure is carried out. The following joints are used The structure increases the surface area of the bonding interface to strengthen the connection of each component section: (1) concave-convex stepped joints; (2) zigzag joints; (3) wave-shaped joints. The seam configuration is arranged along the width direction of the section.

The present invention overcomes the defects of the known bamboo components, and has the following remarkable features: (1) greatly improves the stiffness of the original bamboo components, and improves the unfavorable situation of its stiffness control design; (2) the fiber bars are arranged inside the section, Especially in the tension area, it can give full play to the high tensile strength of fiber reinforcement and the high compressive strength of bamboo. The mechanical properties of the two complement each other, greatly improving the bearing capacity of bamboo components, and the calculation theory is simple and clear; (3) Fiber The configuration of the ribs improves the discrete and brittle failure modes of the original bamboo components to a large extent, and does not need to greatly change the production process of the original bamboo components; (4) the components of the present invention do not change the original relevant advantages of the bamboo components, such as : Ecological, easy to process, easy to industrialized production, etc.; (5) Bamboo has strong regeneration ability, short growth cycle, environmental protection and energy saving, which is in line with the strategic policy of sustainable development in China. The invention creates conditions for the popularization and application of bamboo as the main force-bearing component in the field of civil and architectural structures.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the cross-section of a single-reinforced rectangular beam member reinforced with fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 2 is the cross-section of a double-reinforced rectangular beam member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 3 is the cross-section of a single-reinforced T-shaped beam member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 4 is the cross-section of the double-reinforced T-shaped beam member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 5 is the cross-section of the single-bar I-shaped beam member reinforced by fiber bars;

Fig. 6 is the cross-section of the double-reinforced I-shaped beam member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 7 is the section of the rectangular column member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 8 is the cross-section of the I-shaped column member reinforced by fiber reinforcement;

Fig. 9 is a single-reinforced T-shaped beam member whose joint structure is a concave-convex stepped joint;

Fig. 10 is the single-reinforced T-shaped beam member whose seam structure is a zigzag seam;

Fig. 11 is a single-stencil T-beam member whose seam is constructed as a wavy seam.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 is bamboo, 2 is fiber reinforcement, 31 is impregnation glue, 32 is interface glue, 41 is web, 42 is upper flange plate, 43 is lower flange plate, and 5 is joint.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 11, the present invention provides a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, which consists of four parts: bamboo 1, fiber-reinforced 2, impregnating glue 31 and interface glue 32, which are jointly pressed into a fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component. In this component, the fiber tendons 2 are placed inside the bamboo material 1, wrapped by the bamboo material 1, and have a protective layer with a thickness c; the direction of the fiber tendons 2 is parallel to the axis direction of the component, and they are concentrated in the tension area or compression area of the cross section. The area bears the tensile stress and the compressive stress respectively, and improves the rigidity of the whole member, which is equivalent to the main reinforcement in the traditional reinforced concrete member; the impregnating glue 31 is pre-impregnated in the bamboo 1, and plays the role of cementing in the pressing process; the interface glue 32 is coated Brush on the surface of the fiber tendons 2 to ensure the bonding force between the fiber tendons 2 and the bamboo 1.

Figure 1 is the cross-section of a single-reinforced rectangular beam member reinforced with fiber reinforcement 2. The fiber reinforcement 2 is arranged at the lower part of the section to mainly strengthen the tension zone. The higher strength of the fiber reinforcement is used to improve the bearing capacity of the member, and the fiber reinforcement A high modulus of elasticity increases the stiffness of the section.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a double-reinforced rectangular beam member reinforced with fiber reinforcement 2. Fiber reinforcement 2 is arranged at the lower and upper parts of the section at the same time to strengthen both the tension and compression areas of the section.

Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a single-reinforced T-shaped beam member reinforced with fiber tendons 2. The cross-section is composed of a web 41 and an upper flange plate 42. The lower part of the plate 41 reinforces the tension zone of the section.

Fig. 4 is a cross-section of a double-reinforced T-shaped beam member reinforced with fiber bars 2. The section is composed of a web 41 and an upper flange plate 42. The upper flange plate 42 is located in the upper compression zone, and the fiber bars 2 are also arranged on the The lower part of the web 41 and the upper part of the upper flange plate 42 reinforce both the tension zone and the compression zone of the section.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section of a single-reinforced I-shaped beam member reinforced with fiber reinforcement. The cross-section is composed of a web 41, an upper flange 42 and a lower flange 43. The upper flange 42 is located in the upper compression zone, and the lower The flange plate 43 is located in the lower tension area, and the fiber tendons 2 are arranged at the lower part of the lower flange plate 43 to strengthen the tension area of the cross section.

Fig. 6 is a cross-section of a double-reinforced I-shaped beam member reinforced with fiber reinforcement. The cross-section is composed of a web 41, an upper flange plate 42 and a lower flange plate 43. The upper flange plate 42 is located in the upper compression zone, and the lower flange plate 42 The flange plate 43 is located in the lower tension area, and the fiber tendons 2 are arranged on the lower portion of the lower flange plate 43 and the upper portion of the upper flange plate 42 at the same time, so as to strengthen both the tension area and the compression area of the cross section.

Fig. 7 is a section of a rectangular column member reinforced with fiber bars 2. The fiber bars 2 are arranged concentratedly on the lower and upper parts of the section height direction. The fiber bars 2 can strengthen the column when the column is loaded in different directions, and simultaneously strengthen the Enhanced tension and compression areas.

Fig. 8 is a cross-section of an I-shaped column member reinforced with fiber tendons 2, the cross-section is composed of a web 41, an upper flange plate 42 and a lower flange plate 43, and the fiber tendons 2 are arranged on the upper part of the upper flange plate 42 at the same time And the lower part of the lower flange plate 43, the tensile zone and the compression zone of the cross section are simultaneously strengthened.

In the aforementioned fiber-reinforced bamboo engineering component, the bamboo material 1 can be bamboo strips or bamboo tows. The thickness of the bamboo strips is 0.8mm-1.2mm, the width is 10mm-20mm, and the length can be changed according to the needs; the bamboo tow is a loose mesh fiber bundle that loosens the bamboo material into long, interlinked and maintains the original arrangement of the fibers , the moisture content of the bamboo should be controlled below 15%; the impregnating glue 3 can be made of phenolic resin, and the interface glue 4 can be made of epoxy resin glue.

The type of fiber reinforcement 2 can be carbon fiber reinforcement, basalt fiber reinforcement, glass fiber reinforcement, aramid fiber reinforcement and hybrid fiber reinforcement, etc. For beams, plates and other bending members, carbon fiber reinforcement with high elastic modulus can be selected to ensure sufficient For eccentric compression members such as columns and piers, basalt fiber bars and glass fiber bars with larger ultimate strains can be used to ensure higher lateral deformation capacity of the members. In order to ensure the bonding performance between the fiber reinforcement and the bamboo, the fiber reinforcement can adopt rough surface forms such as sandblasting or scoring treatment or threads.

For members with rectangular cross-sections, when pressing, the total amount of bamboo used should be calculated according to the target density of the pressing. The vertical position of the fiber bars is controlled by the amount of bamboo on the top and bottom of the fiber bars. Bamboos are positioned. The target density for pressing is 1.0-1.1g/cm ³ , the pressing temperature is 135-150°C, and the pressure is 5.5-6.0N/mm ² .

For a T-shaped section or an I-shaped section, it is composed of two or more simple rectangular sections. When combining, the bonding interface of the joint 5 should ensure cleanliness and tightness. The following seam configurations increase the bonding interface surface area to strengthen the connection of each component section: (1) concave-convex stepped seam; (2) zigzag seam; (3) wavy seam. The interface structure is set along the width direction of the section. Figures 9 to 11 show the combination of single-reinforced T-beam members with interface forms of different joint structures:

Fig. 9 is a single-reinforced T-shaped beam member whose joint structure is a concave-convex stepped joint;

Fig. 10 is the single-reinforced T-shaped beam member whose seam structure is a zigzag seam;

Fig. 11 is a single-stencil T-beam member whose seam is constructed as a wavy seam.

Claims (7)

1. the invention provides a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member,, be pressed into fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member jointly by bamboo wood (1), fiber muscle (2), dipping glue (31) and interface glue (32) four parts; Wherein, fiber muscle (2) places bamboo wood (1) inside; by bamboo wood (1) is wrapped up; and has the topping of thickness c; the direction of fiber muscle (2) is parallel with the member axis direction, and centralized configuration is at the tensile region or the pressure zone in cross section, and dipping glue (31) impregnated in the bamboo wood (1); interface glue (32) is painted on fiber muscle (2) surface, forms the reliable interface of fiber muscle (2) and bamboo wood (1).

2. a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this member is single reinforcement rectangular beam or two muscle rectangular beam member, when being single reinforcement rectangular beam member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the bottom, cross section, when being two muscle rectangular beam member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in bottom, cross section and top simultaneously.

3. a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this member is single reinforcement tee girder or two muscle tee girder member, the cross section is made of jointly web (41) and top flange plate (42), top flange plate (42) is positioned at the upper portion pressurized district, when being single reinforcement tee girder member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the bottom of web (41), and when being two muscle tee girder member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the bottom of web (41) and the top of top flange plate (42) simultaneously.

4. a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this member is single reinforcement i-shaped roof beam or two muscle i-shaped roof beam member, the cross section is made of jointly web (41), top flange plate (42) and bottom wing listrium (43), when being single reinforcement i-shaped roof beam member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the bottom of bottom wing listrium (43), when being two muscle i-shaped roof beam member, fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the bottom of bottom wing listrium (43) and the top of top flange plate (42) simultaneously.

5. a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this member is rectangle or I-shaped post member, when being the rectangular column member, fiber muscle (2) centralized arrangement is in the bottom and the top of depth of section direction, when being I-shaped post member, the cross section is made of jointly web (41), top flange plate (42) and bottom wing listrium (43), and fiber muscle (2) is arranged in the top of top flange plate (42) and the bottom of bottom wing listrium (43) simultaneously.

6. according to claim 1 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering members, it is characterized in that when member is T section or I-shaped cross-section, combine by two or more simple rectangular section, during combination, the bonding interface of seam (5) should guarantee the requirement of clean and driving fit, adopts following seam construction to increase the bonding interface surface area to strengthen respectively forming the connection in cross section: (1) concavo-convex stairstepping seam; (2) zigzag seam; (3) waveform seam.The interface structure is provided with along the breadth of section direction.

7. according to each described a kind of fiber-reinforced bamboo-based engineering member of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that bamboo wood (1) can be thin bamboo strips used for weaving or bamboo tow, the moisture content of bamboo wood should be controlled at below 15%; Dipping glue (3) can adopt phenolic resins, and interface glue (4) can adopt epoxide-resin glue; The type of fiber muscle (2) can be carbon fibre bar, basalt fibre muscle, glass fiber muscle, aramid fiber reinforced plastic bars and assorted fibre muscle, and the fiber muscle can adopt through blasting treatment or indentation and handle or coarse format surface such as threaded.

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