CN101724406A - Secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier and method for processing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a soil improver, in particular to a special improver for secondary salinized soil Lycium barbarum, which is characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 21%-35% furfural residue, -50% farmyard manure, 5%-16% ammonium humate, 4%-50% desulfurization waste, 0%-2% urea, 2%-4% superphosphate, 0%-1% potassium sulfate; The processing method is to take the above-mentioned furfural slag and air-dry it so that its moisture content is less than 10%, then take the furfural slag in the weight percent and mix it with decomposed farmyard manure, crush it, and sieve it to reduce the particle size to below 2mm, and then mix it with the After the desulfurization waste, ammonium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the above weight percentages are mixed evenly, they are put into the double-roll extrusion granulator and extruded with the assistance of the adhesive, and then weighed and packaged. After inspection, it is sealed and shipped; the invention can not only reduce the salinity content and soil alkalization degree of secondary salinized soil, but also improve the physical and chemical properties of secondary salinized soil and improve soil fertility.

Description

A special improver for wolfberry in secondary salinized soil and its processing method

technical field

The invention belongs to a soil improver, in particular to a special improver for wolfberry for improving and fertilizing secondary salinized soil and a processing method thereof.

Background technique

Soil salinization refers to the phenomenon or process of the accumulation of soluble salts on the soil surface, which mainly occurs in arid, semi-arid and semi-humid regions. The secondary salinization of soil is mainly caused by human activities, such as unsuitable irrigation and drainage system, irrigation without drainage or poor drainage, flood irrigation, series irrigation, rising groundwater level; channel leakage, unreasonable cultivation The way of fertilization is unreasonable, the land is uneven; the surface water or groundwater with high salinity is used for irrigation, etc., resulting in the accumulation of salt on the soil surface. The soluble salts of secondary salinized soil are mainly sulfate and chloride of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, followed by carbonate and bicarbonate. The high concentration of soluble salt in the soil will cause the physiological drought of Lycium barbarum, corrode the young shoots, roots and fibrous tissue, make the fruit smaller, and deteriorate the quality. Nutrient disorder occurs due to the lack of some nutrients, such as too much sodium ion, which will affect the absorption of calcium, magnesium and potassium by plants, and high concentration of potassium will hinder the uptake of iron and magnesium, resulting in induced iron deficiency and deficiency. Magnesium symptoms; In addition, soil salinization will reduce the availability of soil nutrients and destroy soil physical and biological properties, especially sodium salt, which has a strong ability to disperse soil colloids, causing aggregates to collapse and soil particles to be highly dispersed. The structure is destroyed, the permeability becomes poor, and it is not conducive to the activities of soil microorganisms, which affects the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter.

The measures to prevent secondary salinization of soil mainly include water conservancy engineering measures, agronomic measures, biological measures and chemical improvement measures. The special improver for secondary salinized soil Lycium barbarum has physicalized agronomic, biological and chemical improvement technologies, and contains components that reduce soil pH and alkalization, components that replace adsorbable sodium ions, and components that increase soil organic matter and nutrients. components that improve soil structure and permeability, etc., can replace or complex soil salt ions, reduce salt content, alkalinity and pH, improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties, increase soil organic matter and nutrient content, and It has the dual function of improving and fertilizing the soil.

There have been a large number of reports at home and abroad about the development of soil improver products. The disclosed title of invention of CN1377936A is the method of utilizing waste gypsum board to produce saline-alkali soil improver and its product and application, and the disclosed title of invention of CN1487052A is saline-alkali improver etc. However, these products are mainly designed for the improvement of a certain unfavorable trait of soil, and their functions are relatively single, such as amendments for alkalized soil, etc., but there is no report on the special amendment for planting wolfberry in secondary salinized soil.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide an organic-inorganic substance with a reasonable ratio that can reduce soil salinity content, improve soil physicochemical and biological properties, and provide nourishment for the normal growth and development of wolfberry, that is, a A special soil improver for wolfberry in secondary salinized soil, which aims to improve secondary salinized soil so as to be suitable for the normal growth and development of wolfberry.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method of the special soil conditioner for wolfberry in secondary salinized soil.

The present invention is realized in the following ways:

A special improver for wolfberry in secondary salinized soil, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 21%-35% furfural slag, 22%-50% farmyard manure, 5%-16% rotten Ammonium polyphosphate, 4%-50% desulfurization waste, 0%-2% urea, 2%-4% ordinary calcium superphosphate, 0%-1% potassium sulfate.

Described ammonium humate is commercial ammonium humate fertilizer;

The farmyard manure is domestic animal manure such as decomposed sheep dung or cow dung;

The furfural residue is the remaining residue after furfural is produced from corncobs, and its pH value is 2-4;

The desulfurization waste is coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, and its main component is calcium sulfate;

Described urea, common calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate are nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer successively;

The processing method of the special improver for wolfberry in secondary salinized soil: its processing method is to take the above-mentioned furfural slag and air-dry it so that its moisture content is less than 10%, and then take the said weight percent Furfural slag is mixed with decomposed farmyard manure, crushed, and sieved to reduce the particle size to less than 2mm, and then mixed evenly with the desulfurization waste, ammonium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the weight percentage, and then enter the double-roll extrusion The pressure granulator is extruded with the help of the adhesive, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

The present invention has the following effects

1) Soil conditions suitable for planting wolfberry: The soil conditions for planting wolfberry are loamy soil, with good soil permeability and structure, and high soil organic matter and nutrient content. Lycium barbarum has a certain salt tolerance. The ammonium humate and farmyard manure in the raw materials of the improver of the present invention contain a large amount of humic acid substances, which are important organic colloids, which can complex the soil salt segregation, reduce the salt content, and protect the root system of Chinese wolfberry from salt damage; Through ion exchange, sodium ions on the surface of soil colloids are replaced to reduce salt damage; at the same time, it is also a soil structure improver, which forms an aggregate structure through the combination of organic colloids and inorganic colloids, improving soil structure and permeability.

2) Reduce the degree of alkalization and improve the alkalized soil: the furfural slag in the raw material of the improver of the present invention is a strongly acidic substance, which can obviously reduce the pH of the soil. The desulfurization waste in the improver of the present invention contains a large amount of calcium, which can replace the sodium ions on the soil colloid, reduce the degree of alkalization, and improve the alkalized soil; it can also promote the formation of aggregate structure through calcium ion bridges, which is beneficial to improve soil structure.

3) The improving agent of the present invention contains a certain amount of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, which can increase the content of soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients for the absorption and utilization of wolfberry roots, promote the growth and development of wolfberry, and improve the salt tolerance of wolfberry. At the same time, the desulfurization waste and ordinary calcium superphosphate in the improver contain a lot of sulfur, which can also improve the sulfur nutrition of Lycium barbarum.

4) In addition, the improver of the present invention also contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms, which can improve soil biological properties. Therefore, the improver has dual functions of improving and fertilizing the soil at the same time.

5) Economic and environmental protection: the present invention uses furfural slag, farmyard manure, and desulfurization waste as main raw materials, which are industrial and agricultural wastes with abundant sources. At the same time, their pollution to the environment is reduced, and the secondary salinized soil is improved at the same time, thereby improving the ecological environment, low input cost, good crop growth, and obvious economic benefits.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one: when soil full salt content ≥ 1.0% and soil alkalization degree ≤ 5%, i.e. saline soil, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, get the furfural slag that weight percentage composition is 30% Mix with 46% decomposed farmyard manure, pulverize, sieve, make particle size down to below 2mm, mix with described 15% ammonium humate, 4% desulfurization waste, 2% urea, 3% common calcium superphosphate After uniformity, it enters the double-roll extrusion granulator and is extruded with the assistance of the adhesive, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment two: when soil total salt content is at 0.6%-1.0% and soil alkalization degree≤5%, promptly severe salinization soil, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, take weight percent Furfural slag with a content of 30% and 44% decomposed farmyard manure are mixed, pulverized, sieved, and the particle size is reduced to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 16% ammonium humate, 5% desulfurization waste, 2% urea, After 3% ordinary calcium superphosphate is mixed evenly, it enters the double-roll extrusion granulator and is extruded with the assistance of the binder, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment three: when soil full salt content is at 0.3%-0.6% and soil alkalization degree≤10%, namely weak alkalinization moderate saline soil, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, take 35% by weight of furfural slag and 40% of decomposed farmyard manure are mixed and pulverized, sieved, and the particle size is reduced to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 12% of ammonium humate, 7% of desulfurization waste, 2% of After urea, 3% ordinary calcium superphosphate and 1% potassium sulfate are evenly mixed, they enter the double-roll extrusion granulator and are extruded with the assistance of binders, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment 4: When the total salt content of the soil is 0.1%-0.3% and the soil alkalization degree≤5%, that is, mildly salinized soil, after the furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content less than 10%, and take the percentage by weight 25% furfural slag and 50% decomposed farmyard manure are mixed and pulverized, sieved, and the particle size is reduced to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 13% ammonium humate, 5% desulfurization waste, 2% urea, 4 After the % ordinary calcium superphosphate and 1% potassium sulfate are mixed evenly, they enter the double-roll extrusion granulator and are extruded with the assistance of the binder, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment five: when soil full salt content is at 0.1%-0.3% and soil alkalization degree≤10%, namely mild saline-alkali soil, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, take weight hundred Furfural slag with a content of 35% and 40% decomposed farmyard manure are mixed and pulverized, sieved to reduce the particle size to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 10% ammonium humate, 8% desulfurization waste, and 2% urea, After 4% ordinary calcium superphosphate and 1% potassium sulfate are evenly mixed, they are put into a double-roll extrusion granulator and extruded with the assistance of a binder, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment six: when soil total salt content is below 0.5%, soil alkalization degree promptly alkalized soil when 10%-15%, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, get weight percent composition as 28% furfural slag and 25% decomposed farmyard manure are mixed and pulverized, sieved, and the particle size is reduced to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 5% ammonium humate, 40% desulfurization waste, and 2% ordinary calcium superphosphate After uniformity, it enters the double-roll extrusion granulator and is extruded with the assistance of the adhesive, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

Embodiment 7: When soil total salt content is below 0.5%, and soil alkalization degree is > 15%, that is strong alkalized soil or alkaline soil, after furfural slag is air-dried, make its moisture content be less than 10%, take weight percentage 21% furfural slag and 22% decomposed farmyard manure are mixed and pulverized, sieved, and the particle size is reduced to below 2mm, and then mixed with the 5% ammonium humate, 50% desulfurization waste, and 2% ordinary calcium superphosphate After mixing evenly, it enters the double-roll extrusion granulator and is extruded with the assistance of the binder, then weighed and packaged, and sealed after quality inspection before leaving the factory.

The special soil improver for secondary salinized soil Lycium barbarum provided by the invention mainly determines the application dosage form and application method according to the soil salinity and alkalization degree.

For said embodiment 1 to 5, the application rate of secondary salinized soil Lycium barbarum special soil improver is 1.0-1.5 tons/mu, but the desulfurization waste in its components cannot be applied every year, generally 5-6 years can be applied once , so desulfurization waste will not be added to the components from the second year onwards. The application method is as follows: autumn base application accounts for 60% of the total application amount, and it is evenly sprinkled in the wolfberry garden, and then deeply plowed to a depth of 30cm to ensure that it is evenly mixed with the soil plow layer, and then winter irrigation is performed. Spring base application accounts for 40% of the total application amount. After the soil is thawed in spring, it is evenly spread in the wolfberry garden, and then deep plowed, requiring a depth of 30cm to ensure that it is evenly mixed with the soil layer, and then spring irrigation is performed.

For the sixth to seventh embodiments, the application rate of the special soil improver for Lycium barbarum in secondary salinized soil is 1.0-1.5 tons/mu. However, the desulfurization waste in its components cannot be applied every year. Generally, it can be applied once every 6-8 years, so desulfurization waste will not be added to the components from the second year onwards. The method of application is: apply all the autumn base, spread it evenly in the wolfberry garden, and then plow it deeply, requiring a depth of 30cm to ensure that it is evenly mixed with the soil plow layer, and then perform winter irrigation.

The above-mentioned ammonium humate is a commercial ammonium humate fertilizer.

The above-mentioned farmyard manure is livestock dung such as decomposed sheep dung or cow dung.

The above-mentioned furfural residue is the residue left after furfural is produced from corncobs, and its pH value is 2-4.

The above-mentioned desulfurization waste is coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, and its main component is calcium sulfate, with a CaSO4·2H2O content of ≥90%, followed by a very small amount of calcium sulfite.

The above-mentioned urea, common calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate are nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in sequence.

Claims (7)

1. secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier, it is characterized in that: it comprises following raw materials in percentage by weight: 21%-35% furfural dregs, 22%-50% farm manure, 5%-16% ammonium humate, 4%-50% desulfurization waste, 0%-2% urea, 2%-4% normal superphosphate, 0%-1% vitriolate of tartar.

2. a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described ammonium humate is a commodity ammonium humate fertilizer.

3. a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described farm manure is tame animal manures such as the sheep excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed or cow dung.

4. a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described furfural dregs is that corn cob is produced remaining residue behind the furfural, and its pH value is 2-4.

5. a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described desulfurization waste is a flue gas desulfurization waste of fire coal, and its major ingredient is a calcium sulfate.

6. a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described urea, normal superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar are followed successively by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

7. the working method of a kind of secondary salinization soil medlar special modifier as claimed in claim 1: it is characterized in that: its working method is air-dry for getting above-mentioned furfural dregs; make its water ratio less than 10%; furfural dregs and the well-rotted farmyard manure of getting described weight percentage then mix; pulverize; sieve; granularity is reduced to below the 2mm; after mixing with desulfurization waste, ammonium humate and the n p k fertilizer of described weight percentage again; enter in the pair roller extruding type tablets press extrusion molding under the assistance of tackiness agent; weighing packing is then sealed after the quality inspection and is dispatched from the factory.