CN101719862B - Method and device for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of LTE system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for acquiring an uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system. In the method, first, a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of a user equipment located at a cell edge is determined according to predetermined factors, where the predetermined factors include: the media access of the user equipment controls the MAC layer rate, the number of resource blocks configured for the user equipment and the overhead of each uplink/downlink channel; then, according to the number of resource blocks and the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, determining the receiver sensitivity of a receiving side; determining uplink/downlink path loss according to the sending power of the sending end, the power back-off value, the sensitivity of the receiver, the interference margin and the antenna gain of the receiver; and finally, determining the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss. The technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for large-scale LTE network planning, and can improve the efficiency of network planning.

Description

Method and device for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of LTE system

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a method and device for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system.

Background technique

The Long Term Evolution (LTE for short) system is very different from the R6 and R7 systems of the existing ^3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP for short) in structure. It tends to be flat and reduces the number of intermediate nodes. Therefore, compared with the existing Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN for short), the LTE system has fewer interfaces, lowers costs, and is easier to implement The equipment is maintained and managed, and the delay of data transmission can also be reduced in terms of performance. The main purpose of LTE is to provide users with higher data rate, higher cell capacity, lower delay time, and lower user and operator costs.

The downlink of LTE adopts Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology to provide enhanced spectral efficiency and capability, and the uplink is based on Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). The sub-carrier width of OFDM and SC-FDMA is 15kHz, using this parameter value can take both system efficiency and mobility into consideration. The LTE system supports three modulation technologies: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK for short), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM for short) and 64QAM in both uplink and downlink. In addition, the LTE system also includes two duplex modes: frequency division duplex (FDD for short) and time division duplex (TDD for short).

Another key technology in the LTE system is the multi-antenna technology. This technology refers to the use of downlink Multiple Input Multiple Output antennas (MIMO for short) and transmit diversity (Tx diversity). The most basic multi-antenna technology configuration of LTE is a 2*2 antenna configuration with dual transmission and double reception for the downlink, and a 1*2 antenna configuration for single transmission and dual reception for the uplink. The highest requirements considered in the future stage are downlink MIMO and antenna diversity support 4*4 antenna configuration with four transmissions and four receptions or 4*2 antenna configuration with four transmissions and two receptions.

The basic principle of LTE wireless access is shared channel transmission on a Downlink Shared Channel (DL_SCH for short) and an Uplink Shared Channel (UL_SCH for short). Time-frequency resources are dynamically shared in the uplink and downlink directions of different users. Similar to the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) High Speed Package Access (HSPA) technology, when planning a wireless network, it is necessary to consider the impact of resource allocation on coverage design. Influence.

Similar to the uplink performance of WCDMA HSPA, in the design of LTE uplink coverage, it is necessary to consider the impact of power backoff caused by the uplink peak-to-average ratio. In addition, in the R8 stage of the current standard formulation, the LTE uplink can use Multi-User MIMO (Multiple User MIMO, referred to as MU-MIMO) to improve throughput. Therefore, the impact of this method on uplink performance also needs to be considered.

At present, the system simulation method is usually used to calculate the LTE uplink coverage distance. In this method, the wireless model, user model, scheduling algorithm model, resource allocation algorithm, etc. of LTE are modeled in the computer system simulation system, and the LTE coverage distance is obtained through computer simulation. system coverage. Although the coverage results obtained by this system simulation method are very reliable, for example, it plays a good role in the analysis of complex spatial multiplexing technologies such as MIMO, but due to the characteristics of slow running speed and complex simulation modeling of the system simulation method, this method is not suitable. Applicable to large-scale LTE network planning requirements.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a method and device for obtaining the uplink/downlink coverage distance of an LTE FDD/TDD system, to solve the coverage design problem in LTE network planning, and to avoid using system simulation methods for large-scale LTE networks. design.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system is provided.

The method for obtaining the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system according to the present invention includes: determining the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the above-mentioned predetermined factors include: the medium access control MAC layer of the user equipment rate, the number of resource blocks configured for the user equipment, and the overhead of each uplink/downlink channel; then determine the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks and SINR; Determine the uplink/downlink path loss based on the receiver sensitivity, interference margin and receiver antenna gain; finally, determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance based on the path loss.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system is provided.

The device for acquiring the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system according to the present invention includes: a first determination module, a second determination module, a third determination module and a fourth determination module. Wherein, the first determining module is configured to determine the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the above-mentioned predetermined factors include: the medium access control MAC layer rate of the user equipment, the number of resource blocks configured for the user equipment , the overhead of each uplink/downlink channel; the second determination module is used to determine the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks and the SINR determined by the first determination module; the third determination module is used to determine the receiver sensitivity according to the transmission power of the sending end , power backoff value, receiver sensitivity, interference margin and receiver antenna gain, determine the uplink/downlink path loss; the fourth determination module is used to determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss determined by the third determination module .

Through the above technical solution of the present invention, through the rate of the Media Access Control (Media Access Control, referred to as MAC) layer of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell and the number of resource blocks (Resource Block, referred to as RB) configured for the user equipment, Determine the Signal Interference Noise Ratio (SINR for short), and use the SINR and the number of RBs to determine the receiver sensitivity on the receiving side, and finally obtain the distance of uplink/downlink wireless coverage, avoiding the huge work of using system simulation Amount and time consumption, the budget method is flexible and fast, suitable for large-scale LTE network planning, and improves the efficiency of network planning.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distances of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the implementation flowchart of embodiment one;

Fig. 3 is the implementation flowchart of embodiment two;

FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distances of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Functional Overview

As mentioned above, the present invention proposes a method for obtaining the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system in response to the requirement that the existing simulation technology is not suitable for large-scale LTE network planning. The MAC layer rate of the user equipment and the number of RBs configured for the user equipment are determined to determine the SINR, and the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side is determined by using the SINR and the number of RBs, while comprehensively considering MIMO or receive diversity for uplink/downlink gain, receiving Calculate the uplink/downlink path loss based on factors such as machine noise and interference coordination algorithm gain, and then calculate the LTE uplink coverage distance through the conventional coverage design budget method.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, firstly, a method for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system is provided.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the acquisition method of the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, according to the acquisition method of the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system of the embodiment of the present invention mainly Including the following processing (step S101-step S107):

Step S101: Determine the SINR of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the predetermined factors include: the MAC layer rate of the user equipment, the number of RBs configured for the user equipment, and the overhead ratio of each uplink/downlink channel;

Step S103: Determine the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the above RB quantity and SINR;

Step S105: Determine the uplink/downlink path loss according to the transmit power, power backoff value, receiver sensitivity, interference margin and receiver antenna gain of the transmitter;

Step S107: Determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss determined in step S105.

The details of each of the above processes are further described below.

(1) Step S101

In a specific implementation process, step S101 may specifically include the following steps:

Step 1: Determine the MAC layer rate of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to the uplink/downlink coverage target;

Specifically, according to the uplink/downlink coverage target, the user service rate of the user equipment located at the cell edge is obtained, and if the user service rate is the MAC layer rate, the MAC layer rate of the user equipment located at the cell edge is determined; otherwise, the user The service rate is converted to the MAC layer rate. For example, if the user service rate is the RLC rate, the overhead ratio from RLC to MAC needs to be considered, and the rate after deducting this ratio is the MAC layer rate.

Step 2: According to the service type of the user equipment, configure the number of available RBs for the user equipment;

Specifically, according to the service type of the cell edge user equipment, the number of available RBs can be configured, for example, if the service type is Voip, then configure 2 RBs, and if the service type is full buffer, the maximum number of RBs can be configured.

Step 3: Obtain the overhead ratio of each channel according to the working bandwidth of the uplink/downlink system;

According to the working bandwidth of the uplink/downlink system, the overhead ratio of each channel can be mapped, and the total overhead ratio can be calculated. And, when the number of RBs allocated in step 2 is less than a set threshold (such as 5), the total overhead ratio is set to the Reference Signal (Reference Signal, referred to as RS) overhead ratio and the uplink sounding reference signal (Sounding RS, referred to as RS) is among the proportion of SRS) expenses.

Step 4: Obtain the SINR according to the rate of the MAC layer, the number of RBs and the overhead ratio.

Specifically, the transport block size (Transport Block Size, referred to as TBSize) that needs to be carried on each RB can be calculated according to the MAC layer rate and the number of RBs determined in step 1 and step 2, and the calculated TBSize has been deducted from step 3. Uplink/downlink overhead ratio. In addition, it is also necessary to determine whether the uplink/downlink antenna configuration is MIMO (MU-MIMO or SU-MIMO, that is, multi-user MIMO or single-user MIMO). If so, the current wireless environment of the user equipment can be obtained through system simulation Then, use the wireless environment level to modify the above TBSize, otherwise, directly use the TBSize with the overhead ratio deducted for subsequent operations.

After the final TBSize is obtained, the SINR value corresponding to the modified TBSize is obtained according to the preset correspondence between TBSize and SINR. Specifically, the preset correspondence between TBSize and SINR can be expressed by a link curve.

(2) Step S103

The receiver sensitivity at the receiving side is determined by two parameters, i.e. receiver noise floor and SINR, therefore, step S103 may specifically include the following two steps:

Step 1: According to the number of RBs configured for the above user equipment, obtain the receiver noise floor of the user equipment at the receiving side.

Since each RB in the LTE system is composed of 12 subcarriers, and each subcarrier is 15KHz, each RB has a bandwidth of 180KHz. If N RBs are allocated to the user equipment, the thermal noise generated in the receiver at the receiving side can be obtained by integrating within a bandwidth of 180 KHz×N.

Step 2: The receiver sensitivity is obtained by subtracting the above-mentioned SINR from the above-mentioned receiver noise floor, that is, receiver sensitivity=receiver noise floor-SINR value.

(3) Step S105

Specifically, Pathloss=transmitting power of the transmitting end—power backoff value—receiver sensitivity—interference margin+receiver antenna gain+other attenuation or gain. Among them, the transmission power of the transmitting end can be obtained directly; for the uplink, the power back-off value caused by the peak-to-average ratio of the single-carrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (Single Carrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, referred to as SC-OFDMA) can be determined through system simulation ;The receiver antenna gain can be determined according to the type of uplink/downlink antenna configuration (such as MIMO or receive diversity); and through the conventional link budget method, determine the value of the gain or attenuation of each link in the uplink, so as to calculate the path loss .

(4) Step S107

The processing of step S107 may use a conventional budgeting method to convert the path loss into the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance.

Through the above method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance can be calculated flexibly and quickly with a certain degree of accuracy.

The specific implementation process of the above method provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in the uplink and downlink respectively.

Embodiment one

The above behavior example of this embodiment describes the calculation of the uplink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system by using the method for obtaining the wireless coverage distance provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the implementation flowchart of this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, mainly comprises the following steps:

Step S201: According to the LTE uplink coverage target, determine the uplink service rate of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell, and judge whether the uplink service rate is the MAC layer rate, if so, perform step S203, otherwise perform step S202;

Step S202: convert the uplink service rate into a MAC layer rate. For example, if step S201 is the RLC rate, it is necessary to consider the overhead ratio from RLC to MAC, and the rate after deducting this ratio is the MAC layer rate, which can be converted according to the MAC layer rate to obtain the transmission time interval (Transmission Time Interval, referred to as TTI) of each time slot. TBsize within;

Step S203: configure its available RB number according to the service type of the edge user equipment, for example, the Voip service configures 2 RBs, and the full buffer service can configure the maximum RB number;

Step S204: Calculate the overhead ratio of LTE uplink channels such as RS/SRS/RACH/PUCCH according to the operating frequency band of the system, and calculate the total overhead ratio;

Step S205: Determine whether the number of RBs determined in step S203 is less than a given threshold (for example, 5 RBs), if yes, execute step S206, otherwise execute step S207;

Step S206: Set the total overhead ratio in step S204 to the sum of the RS overhead ratio and the SRS overhead ratio, that is, the occupancy of resources by uplink channel overhead such as RACH/PUCCH is not considered;

Step S207: Determine whether the system adopts MU-MIMO dual-stream mode for uplink transmission, if so, execute step S208, otherwise execute step S209;

Step S208: Reduce the MAC layer rate requirement determined in step S201/202, and determine that the user equipment is on a tributary with a lower space division channel level or a higher tributary through the wireless environment simulated by the system. According to this level, the MAC layer rate requirement determined in step S201/202 is reduced, that is, the MAC layer rate on the dual-stream is converted to the MAC layer Tbsize target requirement on the single-user single-stream. If the user is in a high-level situation, Tbsize has a larger weight, and vice versa for a low-level user, and then executes step S210;

Step S209: Increase the Tx Diversity gain by 2 to 3dB in the link gain (the reference value is provided by the simulation result), and then execute step S210;

Step S210: According to the MAC layer rate (initial TBsize size) determined in step S201/202/208, divide by the overhead ratio determined in step S204 (ie MAC layer rate/(1-overhead ratio)), and then divide by step S203 The number of RBs allocated to the user equipment determined in , that is, the TBsize that needs to be carried on each RB;

Step S211: According to the TBsize value determined in step S210, after deducting the total overhead of various common channels and control channels calculated in steps S204-206, check the link simulation curve to obtain the corresponding SINR value and modulation and coding format. This SINR value is the corresponding SINR target value after satisfying the MAC layer rate of the uplink user, considering overhead occupation, and considering resource allocation. Execute step S212 afterwards;

The above step S201-step S211 is equivalent to step S101 in FIG. 1 .

Step S212: According to the link simulation result, the RB block determined in step S203, and the modulation and coding format determined in step S211, determine the fallback value of the user's uplink transmission power, and then execute step S213;

Step S213: Calculate the thermal noise in these RB resources according to the number of RBs determined in step S203;

Step S214: Determine the uplink transmission power, conventional losses on the link (such as feeder loss, human body loss, antenna gain, noise figure, etc.), and calculate the necessary parameters required for uplink coverage link budget design such as receiver sensitivity;

The above steps S212 to S214 are equivalent to step S103 in FIG. 1 .

Step S215: Determine the gain or attenuation value of each link of the uplink through the conventional link budget method, use the above path loss calculation formula to obtain the maximum path loss value in the air, and finally calculate the uplink coverage according to the obtained maximum path loss value This step is equivalent to step S105 and step S107 in FIG. 1 .

Using this embodiment, the uplink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system can be obtained.

Embodiment two

The following behavior example of this embodiment describes the calculation of the downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system by using the method for obtaining the wireless coverage distance provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the implementation flowchart of this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, mainly comprises the following steps:

Step S301: According to the LTE downlink coverage target, determine the downlink service rate of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell, if the downlink service rate is the MAC layer rate, perform step S303, otherwise perform step S302;

Step S302: convert the downlink service rate into a MAC layer rate. For example, if step S301 is the RLC rate, it is necessary to consider the overhead ratio from RLC to MAC, and the rate after deducting this ratio is the MAC layer rate, which can be converted according to the MAC layer rate to obtain the transmission time interval (Transmission Time Interval, referred to as TTI) of each time slot. TBsize within;

Step S303: Configure the number of available RBs according to the service type of the edge user equipment, for example, the Voip service configures 2 RBs, and the full buffer service can configure the maximum number of RBs;

Step S304: Calculate the overhead ratio of LTE downlink channels such as RS/BCH/PDCCH according to the operating frequency band of the system, and calculate the total overhead ratio;

Step S305: Determine whether the number of RBs determined in step S303 is less than a given threshold (for example, 5 RBs), if yes, execute step S306, otherwise execute step S307;

Step S306: Set the total overhead ratio in step S304 as the sum of RS overhead ratios, that is, do not consider the occupation of resources by downlink channel overhead such as BCH/PDCCH;

Step S307: Determine whether the system adopts MIMO (including MU-MIMO and SU-MIMO) dual-stream mode for downlink transmission, if so, execute step S308, otherwise execute step S309;

Step S308: Decrease the MAC layer rate requirement determined in step S301/302, and determine that the user equipment is on a tributary with a lower space division channel level or a higher tributary through the wireless environment simulated by the system. According to this level, the MAC layer rate requirement determined in step S301/302 is reduced, that is, the MAC layer rate on the dual-stream is converted to the MAC layer TBsize target requirement on the single-user single-stream. If the user is at a high level, the weight of TBsize is larger, and vice versa at a low level, and then step S310 is executed;

Step S309: Increase Tx Diversity gain 2～3Db in the link gain (the reference value is provided by the simulation result), then execute step S310;

Step S310: According to the MAC layer rate (initial TBsize size) determined in step S301/302/308, divide by the overhead ratio determined in step S304 (ie MAC layer rate/(1-overhead ratio)), and then divide by step S303 The number of RBs allocated to the user equipment determined in , that is, the TBsize that needs to be carried on each RB;

Step S311: According to the TBsize value determined in step S310, after deducting the total overhead of various common channels and control channels calculated in steps S304-306, check the link simulation curve to obtain the corresponding SINR value and modulation and coding format. This SINR value is the corresponding SINR target value after satisfying the MAC layer rate of the downlink user, considering overhead occupation, and considering resource allocation. Execute step S312 afterwards;

The above step S301-step S311 is equivalent to step S101 in FIG. 1 .

Step S312: According to the link simulation result, the RB block determined in step S303, and the modulation and coding format determined in step S311, determine the fallback value of the downlink transmission power of the base station, and then execute step S313;

Step S313: Calculate the thermal noise in these RB resources according to the number of RBs determined in step S303;

Step S314: Determine the downlink transmission power and conventional losses on the link (such as feeder loss, human body loss, antenna gain, noise figure, etc.), and calculate the necessary parameters required for downlink coverage link budget design such as receiver sensitivity;

The above step S312-step S314 is equivalent to step S103 in FIG. 1 .

Step S315: Determine the gain or attenuation value of each link in the downlink through the conventional link budget method, obtain the maximum path loss value in the air, and finally calculate the downlink coverage distance. This step is equivalent to step S105 and step S107 in Figure 1 .

Through this embodiment, the downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system can be obtained.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for acquiring uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system is also provided.

4 is a structural block diagram of an acquisition device for an uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the acquisition device for an uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes : a first determination module 41 , a second determination module 43 , a third determination module 45 and a fourth determination module 47 . Wherein, the first determining module 41 is configured to determine the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the predetermined factors include: the medium access control MAC layer rate of the user equipment, the resource blocks configured for the user equipment Quantity, overhead of each uplink/downlink channel; the second determination module 43 is connected to the first determination module 41, and is used to determine the received The receiver sensitivity of the side; the third determination module 45 is connected with the second determination module 43, and is used to determine the uplink/downlink according to the transmission power of the transmitting end, the power fallback value, the receiver sensitivity, the interference margin and the receiver antenna gain Path loss; the fourth determination module 47 is connected to the third determination module 45 and is used to determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss determined by the third determination module 45 .

According to the above device in the embodiment of the present invention, the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of the LTE system can be determined flexibly and quickly.

As mentioned above, with the help of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the SINR is determined through the MAC layer rate of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell and the number of RBs configured for the user equipment, and the receiver on the receiving side is determined using the SINR and the number of RBs. Sensitivity, at the same time comprehensively consider factors such as MIMO or receive diversity gain to the uplink/downlink, receiver noise floor, interference coordination algorithm gain, etc., calculate the uplink/downlink path loss, and then calculate the LTE uplink through the conventional coverage design budget method The coverage distance can provide a flexible and fast budgeting method, which can improve the speed and efficiency of LTE network planning, and can ensure certain accuracy.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an acquisition method of uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system, characterized in that, comprising: Determine the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the predetermined factors include: the medium access control MAC layer rate of the user equipment, the number of resource blocks configured for the user equipment, uplink/ The overhead of each downlink channel; determining the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks and the signal-to-interference-noise ratio; Determine the uplink/downlink path loss according to the transmit power of the transmitter, the power backoff value, the receiver sensitivity, the interference margin and the receiver antenna gain; Determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said determining the SINR specifically comprises: Determine the MAC layer rate of the user equipment according to the uplink/downlink coverage target; Configuring the number of available resource blocks for the user equipment according to the service type of the user equipment; Obtain the overhead ratio of each channel according to the working bandwidth of the uplink/downlink system; Acquire the SINR according to the MAC layer rate, the number of resource blocks, and the overhead ratio. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining the MAC layer rate of the user equipment specifically comprises: Acquire the user service rate of the user equipment according to the uplink/downlink coverage target, and convert the user service rate to the MAC layer rate if the user service rate is not the MAC layer rate. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, according to the MAC layer rate, the resource block quantity and the overhead ratio, obtaining the SINR specifically comprises: Determine the size of a transport block carried by each resource block according to the MAC layer rate, the number of resource blocks, and the overhead ratio; If the uplink/downlink antenna is configured as multi-user multiple-input multiple-output, determine the current wireless environment level of the user equipment, and use the wireless environment level to correct the transmission block size; Acquiring a signal-to-interference-noise ratio corresponding to the corrected transmission block size according to the preset correspondence between the transmission block size and the signal-to-interference-noise ratio; If the uplink/downlink antenna configuration is not multi-user multiple-input multiple-output, the signal-to-interference-noise ratio corresponding to the determined transmission block size is obtained according to the preset correspondence between the transmission block size and the SINR. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining the current wireless environment level of the user equipment specifically comprises: The system is simulated, and the current wireless environment level of the user equipment is determined according to the simulation result. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks and the SINR specifically comprises: Acquiring the receiver noise floor of the user equipment on the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks; The receiver sensitivity is obtained by subtracting the SINR from the noise floor of the receiver. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said determining the uplink/downlink path loss specifically comprises: Determining the power backoff value caused by the peak-to-average ratio of single-carrier OFDM transmission through system simulation; determining the receiver antenna gain according to the type of uplink/downlink antenna configuration; Obtain the transmit power of the transmitting end, and determine the path loss by the following formula: Path loss Pathloss = transmit power at the transmitting end - power backoff value - receiver sensitivity - interference margin + receiver antenna gain + other attenuation or gain, wherein the other attenuation or gain is the gain or attenuation of each link in the uplink . 8. An acquisition device for an uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance of an LTE system, characterized in that it comprises: The first determining module is configured to determine the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the user equipment located at the edge of the cell according to predetermined factors, wherein the predetermined factors include: the rate of the medium access control MAC layer of the user equipment, the configuration of the user equipment The number of resource blocks, the overhead of each uplink/downlink channel; A second determining module, configured to determine the receiver sensitivity of the receiving side according to the number of resource blocks and the signal-to-interference-noise ratio determined by the first determining module; The third determination module is used to determine the uplink/downlink path loss according to the transmit power of the transmitting end, the power back-off value, the receiver sensitivity, the interference margin and the receiver antenna gain; A fourth determining module, configured to determine the uplink/downlink wireless coverage distance according to the path loss determined by the third determining module.

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