CN101709444B - Thermal treatment method for lead-free aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Thermal treatment method for lead-free aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101709444B CN101709444B CN200910243382XA CN200910243382A CN101709444B CN 101709444 B CN101709444 B CN 101709444B CN 200910243382X A CN200910243382X A CN 200910243382XA CN 200910243382 A CN200910243382 A CN 200910243382A CN 101709444 B CN101709444 B CN 101709444B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a thermal treatment method for lead-free aluminum alloy, and relates to a thermal treatment method for wrought aluminum alloy which contains Sn, Bi and does not contain Pb. The lead-free aluminum alloy uses bismuth, tin, copper, silicon and chromium as alloy elements, and uses aluminum as substrate. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) carrying out solution heat treatment on an alloy ingot in a thermal treatment furnace at a temperature of 535+/-2 DEG C for 60 minutes; (2) carrying out water quenching on the alloy ingot which is subjected to the solution heat treatment at room temperature; (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy ingot which is subjected to water quenching at the temperature of 165+/-2 DEG C for 10 hours; and (4) air cooling the alloy to room temperature after the reactant is discharged and cooled, and carrying out cold machining (cold-drawing) with cold machining deflection of between 0 an 4 percent. The method can greatly improve the mechanical performance of the wrought alloy, and further improve the alloy strength through cold machining.
Description
Technical field
A kind of heat treating method of lead-free aluminum alloy relates to a kind of Sn of containing, Bi, does not contain the heat treating method of the wrought aluminium alloy of Pb.
Background technology
Plumbous a kind of alloying element as aluminium alloy, being mainly used in 2XXX and 6XXX is alloy, to improve the workability of alloy, but problem because the waste material that Lead contamination brings is returned, make that since Chinalco's unleaded easy processing aluminium alloy that begins one's study of some developed countries of nineteen nineties investigators study and adopt other alloying element to come lead in the substitution of Al alloy, these substitute element comprise Si, Mn, Fe and Ni etc.Adopt Sn to substitute Pb in 6262 as Kaiser markets, having designed its inner trade mark is the KA62 alloy, and with 6262 alloy phases ratio, the physicals of this alloy and processing characteristics are the B level.Reynolds then adopts Pb and the Bi in In and alternative 6262 alloys of Sn, and these alloying elements have formed desired low melting point eutectic phase in aluminium alloy, and processing characteristics increases than 6262; Kobe Steel company then mainly adopts and adjusts the conventional alloys element, especially Si, Mn, the content of Fe and Ni improves processing characteristics, result of study shows, the Si content of alloy reduces can improve the processing characteristics of alloy, and changes 2017 and 6061 Si content on this basis and designed KE2 and KE6 respectively.The Reynolds metal company has been studied and has been added Ti and In and replace Bi and Pb in the AA6262 alloy, has obtained the suitable alloy materials of processing characteristics and tradition 6262, and company studies again and to add Bi and In replaces Pb subsequently, and has applied for United States Patent (USP) in calendar year 2001.
For the lead-free aluminum alloy performance is reached or with 2XXX or 6XXX be that alloy property is suitable, need carry out suitable thermal treatment to this new alloy, at present, the lead-free aluminum alloy of the extraordinary composition of using for maturation has special heat treatment process parameter all to be in confidential state, does not have the production of industrialized lead-free aluminum alloy and thermal treatment process to disclose.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists at above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of effectively heat treating method of the lead-free aluminum alloy of the mechanical property of alloy is provided.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of heat treating method of lead-free aluminum alloy, its lead-free aluminum alloy be with bismuth, tin, and copper, silicon and chromium are alloying element, and aluminium is matrix, and the mass percent of its alloy is formed and is included as: Si:0.4%-0.8%; Cu:0.15%-0.40%; Mg:0.8%-1.2%; Sn:0.4%-0.9%; Bi:0.4%-0.9%; Cr:0.04%-0.142%; Zn :≤0.25%; Mn :≤0.15%; Ti :≤0.10%, surplus is aluminium and unavoidable impurities element; The step that it is characterized in that its heat treatment process comprises:
(1) with alloy pig in heat treatment furnace, under 535 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, the insulation 60min, carry out solution heat treatment;
(2) alloy pig after the solution heat treatment is carried out the room temperature shrend;
(3) with the alloy pig after the shrend under 165 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, the insulation 10h, carry out ageing treatment;
(4) come out of the stove the cooling after, air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out cold working (cold-drawn) again, it is 0-4% that deflection is pulled out in cold working.
Method of the present invention, the purpose of high temperature solid solution are that Cu and Mg are dissolved in the aluminum substrate effectively, for the artificial aging of back creates conditions.Therefore selecting the high temperature solid solution temperature in the present invention is 535 ± 2 ℃, insulation 60min, if temperature is lower than this temperature, Cu and Mg can not dissolve in the base aluminum to greatest extent, do not reach maximum strengthening effect,, make original grain grow up fast on the one hand if temperature is higher than this temperature or soaking time is oversize, may cause burning not on the one hand, this two aspect all can reduce solid solution strengthening effect.
For oversaturated Al-Cu-Mg alloy, the timeliness sequence in ag(e)ing process is GP district---needle-like Mg
2Si non-equilibrium phase---sheet Mg
2The Si equilibrium phase, in the isothermal aging process, the quantity of precipitated phase increases with the prolongation of timeliness time.Aging technique of the present invention is: aging temp: 165 ± 2 ℃, and insulation 10h.If temperature is lower than this temperature, Al-Cu-Mg compound and Mg
2Si can not all separate out mutually, if instead temperature is higher than this temperature, can make the Al-Cu-Mg compound and the Mg that separate out
2Si grows up mutually, has increased the room in the alloy, has reduced the ageing strengthening effect; The timeliness soaking time is too short, and precipitated phase quantity is reduced, and the insulation timeliness surpasses 10 hours, and the increase of precipitated phase is not obvious, but energy consumption increases the product cost rising.
Alloy after the timeliness carries out cold working, and extruding back dimensional accuracy of products is improved, and has further improved the mechanical property of deforming alloy on the other hand.
The advantage of method of the present invention is: 1, through the alloy after the thermal treatment of the present invention, have excellent mechanical property and excellent erosion resistance and weldability; 2, through the alloy after the cold working, the dimensional precision height, mechanical property gets a greater increase; 3, heat treatment process less energy consumption, production cost is low.
This type of heat treatment of alloy comprises that mainly solution treatment and timeliness separate out two stages, and the purpose of solution treatment is to make alloying element dissolve in aluminum substrate to greatest extent, and the purpose of ageing treatment is that alloying element is separated out with tiny and uniform strengthening phase as much as possible.
Effect of the present invention: through the wrought aluminium alloy after the thermal treatment of the present invention, be greatly improved than the mechanical property of alloy before the thermal treatment, reduced the unrelieved stress of alloy simultaneously, the erosion resistance of alloy and weldability ought with 6262 alloy phases that contain Pb; Through the alloy after the cold working, the dimensional precision height, mechanical property gets a greater increase; Invent described thermal treatment process less energy consumption, production cost is low, has stronger industrial operability.
Embodiment
A kind of heat treating method of lead-free aluminum alloy, this lead-free aluminum alloy is with magnesium, bismuth, tin, copper, silicon and chromium are main alloy element, and contain other unavoidable impurities element.It basic composition is: Si:0.4-0.8%; Cu:0.15-0.40%; Mg:0.8-1.2%; Sn:0.4-0.9%; Bi:0.4-0.9%; Cr:0.04-0.142%; Zn :≤0.25%; Mn :≤0.15%; Ti :≤0.10%, surplus is an aluminium; For improving the intensity of alloy, alloy is heat-treated, its thermal treatment process flow process is that heat treatment furnace is warmed up to design temperature---shove charge---solution treatment (heat up---insulation)---quenching---ageing treatment (to warm shove charge, heat up---insulation)---air cooling of coming out of the stove---cold working.Its solid solubility temperature is 535 ± 2 ℃, insulation 60min, shrend; Aging temp is 165 ± 2 ℃, insulation 10h, air cooling; Cold deformation amount 0-4%.
Embodiment 1
Carry out cold working after the alloy thermal treatment after the extruding.Concrete technical process is: heat treatment furnace is warmed up to design temperature (535 ± 2 ℃)---shove charge---solution treatment (10 ℃/min heats up---insulation 60min)---quench (5-10s transfer time quenches)---ageing treatment (to warm shove charge, 3 ℃/min heats up---insulation 10h)---air cooling of coming out of the stove.
Embodiment 2
Carry out cold working after the alloy thermal treatment after the extruding.Concrete technical process is: heat treatment furnace is warmed up to design temperature (535 ± 2 ℃)---shove charge---solution treatment (10 ℃/min heats up---insulation 60min)---quench (5-10s transfer time quenches)---and ageing treatment (to warm shove charge, 3 ℃/min heats up---insulation 10h) and---air cooling of coming out of the stove---cold working (deflection 0.5%).
Embodiment 3
Carry out cold working after the alloy thermal treatment after the extruding.Concrete technical process is: heat treatment furnace is warmed up to design temperature (535 ± 2 ℃)---shove charge---solution treatment (10 ℃/min heats up---insulation 60min)---quench (5-10s transfer time quenches)---and ageing treatment (to warm shove charge, 3 ℃/min heats up---insulation 10h) and---air cooling of coming out of the stove---cold working (deflection 3.0%).
Embodiment 4
Carry out cold working after the alloy thermal treatment after the extruding.Concrete technical process is: heat treatment furnace is warmed up to design temperature (535 ± 2 ℃)---shove charge---solution treatment (10 ℃/min heats up---insulation 60min)---quench (5-10s transfer time quenches)---and ageing treatment (to warm shove charge, 3 ℃/min heats up---insulation 10h) and---air cooling of coming out of the stove---cold working (deflection 4.0%).
Table 1 mechanical property
Claims (2)
1. the heat treating method of a lead-free aluminum alloy, its lead-free aluminum alloy is an alloying element with bismuth, tin, copper, magnesium, silicon and chromium, and aluminium is matrix, and the mass percent of its alloy consists of: Si:0.4%-0.8%; Cu:0.15%-0.40%; Mg:0.8%-1.2%; Sn:0.4%-0.9%; Bi:0.4%-0.9%; Cr:0.04%-0.142%; Zn :≤0.25%; Mn :≤0.15%; Ti :≤0.10%, surplus is aluminium and unavoidable impurities element; The step that it is characterized in that its heat treatment process comprises:
(1) with alloy pig in heat treatment furnace, under 535 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, the insulation 60min, carry out solution heat treatment;
(2) alloy pig after the solution heat treatment is carried out the room temperature shrend;
(3) with the alloy pig after the shrend under 165 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, the insulation 10h, carry out ageing treatment;
(4) come out of the stove the cooling after, air cooling is to room temperature.
2. the heat treating method of a kind of lead-free aluminum alloy according to claim 1, after the cooling that it is characterized in that coming out of the stove, air cooling carries out cold-drawn processing again to room temperature, and cold-drawn machining deformation amount is 0.5%-4%.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102634745A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 烟台路通精密铝业有限公司 | Heat processing technology of aluminum alloy castings |
| CN105316605A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-10 | 亚太轻合金(南通)科技有限公司 | Thermal-treatment method for preventing formation of water stains on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN104561850B (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽四翔铝业有限公司 | A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of corrosion resistance aluminium alloy |
| CN104451480A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Solid solution quenching method for aluminum alloy plates |
| CN105624482B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏富尔达机械有限公司 | aluminium forging water meter |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1137807A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-12-11 | 美国铝公司 | Lead-free 6XXX aluminium alloy |
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| US5803994A (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 1998-09-08 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Aluminum-copper alloy |
| CN101158000A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-04-09 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | Leadless easy-cutting aluminum alloy |
| CN101205577A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-25 | 广东凤铝铝业有限公司 | Leadless easy-cutting aluminium alloy and manufacturing technology thereof |
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2009
- 2009-12-18 CN CN200910243382XA patent/CN101709444B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5803994A (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 1998-09-08 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Aluminum-copper alloy |
| CN1137807A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-12-11 | 美国铝公司 | Lead-free 6XXX aluminium alloy |
| EP0828008A2 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1998-03-11 | Alusuisse Technology & Management AG | Aluminium alloy with good machinability |
| CN101205577A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-25 | 广东凤铝铝业有限公司 | Leadless easy-cutting aluminium alloy and manufacturing technology thereof |
| CN101158000A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-04-09 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | Leadless easy-cutting aluminum alloy |
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