CN101707271B - Equal phase differential multi-path composite phase shifter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an equiphase differential multi-path composite phase shifter, which comprises a plurality of phase shifter subunits, a plurality of power divider subunits, a metal reflecting plate, a sliding device and a positioning device for limiting sliding travel, wherein the phase shifter subunits are connected with a main path of the power divider subunits in series; the sliding device connects and fixes a plurality of slidable transmission lines together and ensures synchronous movement of the slidable transmission lines. The invention has the advantages that: the phase shifter and the power distribution network are designed comprehensively, the integration degree is high, the insulating medium or the air microstrip line or the strip line structure is relatively simple, the assembly and the realization are easy in engineering, and the phase shifter is particularly suitable for being applied to multi-array electrically-regulated intelligent antennas.

Description

Equiphase Differential Multiplexed Composite Phase Shifter

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to an electrically adjustable antenna phase shifter for a mobile communication base station. the

【technical background】

The mobile communication system is a combination of wired and wireless. It is a complex in which the mobile network connects the mobile station with the base station through the air interface (antenna) within its coverage area, and then connects with the mobile switch. Therefore, the antenna is very important for mobile communication. For the network, it plays a decisive role. If the antenna selection (type, location) is not good or the parameters of the antenna are not set properly, it will directly affect the operation quality of the entire mobile communication network. Especially in areas with a large number of base stations, small station distances, and high traffic areas with a large number of carrier frequencies, coupled with the multiple reflections and occlusions of radio waves caused by the surrounding environment, cross-area coverage, pilot interference and multiple The path effect is becoming more and more serious, and at the same time, it also greatly affects the coverage rate and service quality of the entire network. The introduction of electronically adjustable antennas can properly solve this problem. The principle of electronic downtilt is to change the phase of the collinear array antenna oscillator, change the amplitude of the vertical component and horizontal component, and change the field strength of the composite component, so that the vertical directivity diagram of the antenna is downtilted. Since the field strength in all directions of the antenna increases and decreases at the same time, it is ensured that the antenna pattern does not change much after changing the inclination angle, so that the coverage distance in the main lobe direction is shortened, and at the same time, the coverage of the entire pattern in the service cell sector is reduced area without interfering. Therefore, the electrically adjustable antenna can effectively control the coverage area of the base station and reduce the mutual interference between the base stations. the

The phase shifter is the core component of the electric antenna. A phase shifter disclosed before (Chinese patent application number: 200520065549.5) includes a metal shell, and two metal conductor tubes on the left and right are installed in the metal shell. The conductor Cables are respectively connected to the tubes, and U-shaped metal rods are nested in the conductor tubes, and the actual length of the transmission path is changed by moving the metal rods to realize the phase change of the signal. However, due to the limitation of its own structure, it is difficult to combine multiple such phase shifters into one, and the integration degree is not high, so the product is difficult to be applied and produced on a large scale.

【Content of invention】

The invention discloses an equal-phase differential multiplex composite phase shifter. The purpose of the invention is to provide an equal-phase differential multiplex composite phase shifter with high degree of integration, relatively simple structure, and easy assembly and realization in engineering. the

The equal-phase differential multiplex composite phase shifter of the present invention includes several phase shifter subunits, several power divider subunits, metal reflectors, a sliding device and a positioning device for positioning the sliding of the sliding device. The phase shifter subunit is connected in series with the main circuit of the power distribution subunit, and the phase shifter subunit is composed of a fixed transmission line, that is, a fixed microstrip transmission line or a fixed stripline transmission line, and a slidable transmission line relative to the fixed transmission line, that is, a sliding microstrip line transmission line Or the sliding stripline transmission line is composed of two parts, which couple electric signals with each other; the sliding device connects and fixes several slidable transmission lines together and ensures their synchronous movement. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase differential multiplex compound phase shifter is characterized in that: the filling substrate constituting the microstrip line or stripline can be a low-loss microwave dielectric material (including air) or a common PCB dielectric material such as FR4. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase differential multiplex compound phase shifter is characterized in that: the fixed transmission line and the sliding transmission line are separated by a medium with a thin thickness, and electric signals are coupled to each other, and the transmission line is changed by changing their relative positions. Physical length, and then achieve the purpose of changing the phase of the electrical signal. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase-differential multiplex composite phase shifter is characterized in that: the fixed transmission line is a pair of open-circuit stubs, and the sliding transmission line is a U-shaped so that the signal forms a loop. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase differential multiplex compound phase shifter is characterized in that: the plurality of phase shifter subunits are all the same, so as to form an equal difference phase change in turn; the power divider subunits can be the same or different Similarly, the specific design depends on the required signal output strength; the fixed transmission line part of the phase shifter subunit and the power divider subunit are located on the same plane, and are alternately connected in series with each other. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase differential multiplex compound phase shifter is characterized in that: the sliding transmission line part of each phase shifter subunit is fixed to the corresponding sliding device, and each sliding device is connected in series through a pull rod, so as to realize synchronous movement. the

The above-mentioned equal-phase differential multi-channel compound phase shifter is characterized in that: the positioning device is a stroke chute that limits the sliding range of the sliding transmission line set on the dielectric substrate of the fixed transmission line and is set on each insulating elastic pressing block for insertion into the chute. Guide column. the

The present invention has the advantages of comprehensive design of phase shifter and power distribution network, high degree of integration, insulating medium or air microstrip line or stripline structure, relatively simple structure, easy assembly and realization in engineering, and is especially suitable for multi-array power grids. Tune the smart antenna application. the

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is one of structural decomposition schematic diagrams when the equal-phase differential multi-channel composite phase shifter of the present invention is a microstrip line structure;

Fig. 2 is the structural decomposition schematic diagram two when the equal-phase differential multi-channel compound phase shifter of the present invention is a microstrip line structure;

Fig. 3 is the third schematic diagram of structural decomposition when the equal-phase differential multiplex composite phase shifter of the present invention is a microstrip line structure;

Fig. 4 is the structural cross-sectional view when the equal-phase differential multi-channel compound phase shifter of the present invention is a microstrip line structure

5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a sliding transmission line of one of the equiphase differential multiplex compound phase shifter components of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equal-phase differential multi-channel compound phase shifter used for feeding a dual-polarized electrically adjustable antenna array according to the present invention. the

【Detailed ways】

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention is the equal-phase differential multiplex composite phase shifter that is made up of four phase shifter subunits. The dielectric substrate 15 is placed flat on the lower reflection plate 02, and the front of the substrate 15 is covered with a metal material with good conductivity and a certain regular shape, such as copper, aluminum, etc., and its thickness depends on the initial specific requirements of the designer. It is fixed, generally ranging from 0.03mm to 2mm. The metal material includes the power divider subunit 04 and the fixed transmission lines 05, 06, which are distributed on the dielectric substrate 15 according to a certain regular shape, and are completely symmetrical in the longitudinal direction, such as 05a, 06a and 05a', 06a'. The phase shifter subunit and the main circuit of the power distribution subunit are connected in series to form a phase shifting power distribution network together. the

A sliding transmission line 03 is placed on the fixed transmission lines 05 and 06. The sliding transmission line 03 adopts a microstrip or stripline structure, and a U-shaped metal conductor strip 18 is etched on a dielectric substrate, as shown in FIG. 5 . The surface of the U-shaped metal conductor strip 18 and the open-circuit stub conductor strip bodies of the fixed transmission lines 05 and 06 are all coated with insulating materials with low friction coefficient such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The sliding transmission line 03 is installed on the sliding device 22, as shown in Fig. 22 to move together, each insulating elastic pressing block 14 is provided with a guide post 23 . All four sets of sliding transmission lines 03a, 03b, 03c, and 03d are respectively fixed on the corresponding four sets of elastic pressing blocks 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d, and the above-mentioned devices are fixed on the lower reflection plate 02. For microstrip transmission lines, The upper reflective plate 01 acts as a shield, and for the stripline, it is the upper ground plate 01. the

The U-shaped conduction band on the sliding transmission line 03 and the conduction bands of the fixed transmission lines 05 and 06 are capacitively coupled to make the open branch of the fixed transmission line form a closed loop. The sliding transmission line 03 is within its effective moving range, and the phase shifter presents good frequency band characteristics, thus completing efficient transmission of signals. the

When the pull rod 17 is forced to move, the sliding transmission line 03 and the sliding device 22 move synchronously, and the physical length of the transmission line is changed by changing the relative positions of the sliding transmission line 03 and the fixed transmission lines 05 and 06 of each phase shifter subunit, thereby achieving a change in electrical purpose of the signal phase. the

When the signal is input from the input port 07 or 07', 08, 09, 11, 12 or 08', 09', 11', 12' all have signal output, and the power of the input port is equal to the sum of the power of all output ports (not considering the insertion Loss), when the sliding transmission line 03 moves to the right, the output port 09 (09') variable lead signal and the output port 11 (11') variable delay signal change amount are equal. Similarly, the variable lead signal at the output port 08 (08') and the variable delay signal phase change at the output port 12 (12') are also equal. Compared with output port 08 (08') and output port 12 (12'), the signal phase change amount of output port 09 (09') and output port 11 (11') is always doubled. the

The dielectric substrate 15 corresponds to the elliptical chute 13 (13a, 13b, 13c and 13d) and the lower reflector 02 corresponds to the elliptical chute 16 (16a, 16b, 16c and 16d) for guiding The column 23 is inserted and slides to limit the movement of the sliding device 22. The chute 16 and the guide column 23 together constitute a positioning device. Each group of phase-shifting units corresponds to a chute 13 to control the start and end positions of each group of phase-shifting units respectively. , when the sliding device 22 composed of the insulating elastic pressing block 14, the sliding transmission line 03, and the pull rod 17 moves, the amount of change in the displacement of the guide column 23 relative to the slide grooves 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d is completely equal. the

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the antenna comprising the phase difference multi-channel composite phase shifter, consisting of 5 basic antenna elements and 4 groups of phase shifter subunits, 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and 19e are five dipoles The sub-antennas are arranged in a line array in the vertical direction (only single-polarized antenna units are shown in the figure for convenience). 21a, 21b and 21c are power splitters with a certain power distribution relationship respectively, and the phase shifter 20 respectively controls the remaining units of the corresponding dipole 19 except 19C, when the relative positions of the fixed transmission line and the sliding transmission line of the phase shifter 20 are When the relationship changes, the phase of the input signal of the corresponding dipole 19 changes accordingly, so as to achieve the purpose of electric downtilt of the antenna beam. the

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, combinations, substitutions, etc. that do not deviate from the principle of the present invention all belong to the requirements of the claims of the present invention. within the scope of protection. the

Claims (1)

1. Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifter; The positioner that comprises several phase shifter subelements, several power divider subelements, metallic reflection plate, carriage and limit slippage stroke; The main road of phase shifter subelement and power divider subelement is connected in series; The phase shifter subelement is made up of slidably transmission line two parts of fixed transmission lines and relative fixed transmission line; The signal of telecommunication that intercouples each other, said fixed transmission lines is fixedly microstrip transmission line or fixedly strip line transmission line, said slidably transmission line is slip microstrip transmission lines or slip strip line transmission line; Said carriage is made up of pull bar and several insulation elastic press two parts, and said slip transmission line is separately fixed on the corresponding insulation elastic press, and several insulation elastic press are fixed on the said pull bar on request again.

2.According to the described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifter of claim l, it is characterized in that: the packing material that constitutes microstrip line or strip line is the low-loss microwave dielectric material.

3. according to claim l or 2 described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifters; It is characterized in that: separate by the meagre dielectric material of thickness between described fixed transmission lines and the slip transmission line; Coupled electrical signal each other; And through changing the physical length that its relative position changes transmission line, and then reach the purpose that changes electrical signal phase.

4. according to claim l or 2 described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifters, it is characterized in that: described fixed transmission lines is a pair of open circuit minor matters, and described slip transmission line is a U font, so that make signal form the loop.

5. according to claim l or 2 described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifters, it is characterized in that: said several phase shifter subelements are all identical, so that constitute equal difference phase change successively; Described power divider subelement is identical or have nothing in common with each other; The fixed transmission lines part that said phase shifter moves the unit is positioned at same plane with the power divider subelement and alternately arranges, and is connected in series each other between the fixed transmission lines of said phase shifter subelement and the power divider subelement.

6. according to claim l or 2 described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifters; It is characterized in that: said several phase shifter subelements and several power divider subelements constitute the phase shift power division network jointly, and the subelement quantity that the phase shift power division network is comprised is unrestricted.

7. Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifter according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the phase shift power division network that coplane repeats to be set up in parallel is used for the dual polarization electricity and transfers the array antenna feed, and its slip transmission line conduction band body is etched on the same media substrate.

8. Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: positioner is that the dielectric substrate (15) of fixed transmission lines is gone up the stroke chute of the limit slippage transmission line sliding scale that is provided with and is arranged on the leading post (23) that is used for inserting chute on the elastic press that respectively insulate.

9. according to the described Equiphase differential multiplexed phase shifter of claim l; It is characterized in that: said metallic reflection plate divides goes up reflecting plate and following reflecting plate (01,02) two parts; Between the metallic reflection plate, they constituted transmission line jointly about the conductor belt part of fixed transmission lines was fixed in through medium.

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