CN101703398A - Method for detecting neural signal of spinal cord for long term and positioning exciting electrode - Google Patents
Method for detecting neural signal of spinal cord for long term and positioning exciting electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN101703398A CN101703398A CN200910185419A CN200910185419A CN101703398A CN 101703398 A CN101703398 A CN 101703398A CN 200910185419 A CN200910185419 A CN 200910185419A CN 200910185419 A CN200910185419 A CN 200910185419A CN 101703398 A CN101703398 A CN 101703398A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种脊髓神经信号长期探测与激励电极的定位方法：步骤a：采用专用的骨钻在脊椎骨上钻出按要求分布的孔，步骤b：利用微电极推进器将针灸电极通过各开孔插至待探测或激励的脊髓神经上，步骤c：在插入了针灸电极的孔中再插入圆锥形的牙胶尖，使针灸电极得到固定。与现有技术相比，本发明方法创伤小，操作简单，使用灵活且能实现任意要求的三维电极分布，电极截短后可大体与骨表面平，以便于掩埋在皮肤下，既不受碰撞，不损伤皮肤，也不损伤电极本身，安全可靠。
The invention discloses a positioning method for long-term detection and excitation electrodes of spinal cord nerve signals: step a: use a special bone drill to drill holes distributed according to requirements on the vertebrae; step b: use a microelectrode pusher to pass acupuncture electrodes through each The hole is inserted into the spinal nerve to be detected or stimulated. Step c: Insert a conical gutta-percha tip into the hole where the acupuncture electrode is inserted to fix the acupuncture electrode. Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has less trauma, simple operation, flexible use and can realize any required three-dimensional electrode distribution. , does not damage the skin, does not damage the electrode itself, safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of localization method that is used for vertebrates spinal nerves acquisition of signal or exciting electrode.Especially a kind of signal of spinal cord for long phase is surveyed positioning of electrode and the fixing means with the simple and flexible that encourages.
Background technology
Nerve electrode is as the detector and the activator of nerve signal, interface as bioinformation system and electronic information, having important scientific meaning and using value widely at aspects such as life science and function of nervous system's reconstructions, is crucial element.
Commercial at present array electrode has card skin (cuff) electrode and Utah (Utah) electrode etc.Card skin (cuff) electrode belongs to the neural external electrode of plane, and electrode points is made in flexible nontoxic polyimide surface, makes the back and is formed with a reel that cracks naturally.The electrod-array face that is positioned at the reel inwall during implantation is pressed close to epineurium.Advantage is that electrode does not destroy epineurium and nerve fibre bundle film, and is less to the nervous system invasive.Shortcoming is: 1) the signal component complexity of Jian Ceing is the summation of all neuron signals in the nervous tissue, poor signal to noise; 2) channel selecting of electrode is poor, when the neuron of needs excitations ad-hoc location or nerve fiber, will encourage all neurons or nerve fiber simultaneously inevitably; 3) function electric excitation voltage needs more than the 5V usually, and is incompatible with low-voltage and low-power consumption that biochip requires, and the integrated circuit of employing 3.3V voltage can produce the problem of underexcitation.And be difficult to neural channel to be detected and excitation is carried out meticulous location, the too high meeting of driving voltage causes damage to biological tissue.4) operation wound is big during implant electrode, 1cm nervous tissue how long need be separated fully and card skin electrode could be installed.Just when card skin electrode is used for the detection of spinal nerves signal or excitation, spinal nerves need be separated fully, this will block root and preceding root after the part of spinal cord inevitably, thus the transmission of interrupt unit sensory signal and motor message.
The Utah electrode is to name with the University of Utah of inventing such electrode, and characteristics are to be substrate with the silicon, form acicular electrod-array in the above, has been successfully applied to the corticocerebral nerve signal of record.Its advantage is: can realize that 1) multiple spot surveys simultaneously or stimulate; 2) selectivity is good.But have following shortcoming: 1) the electrode material main body is a semiconductor silicon, rather than the good conductor metal, and electrode and nerve tract contact impedance height motivate the acupuncture needle electrode that the needed voltage amplitude of action potential is higher than metal; 2) height of array position and pin is fixed, and can't realize " pin down of suiting the medicine to the illness "; Need laminectomy could place electrode equally when 3) implanting, operation wound is still too big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the location and the fixing means of a kind of signal of spinal cord for long phase detection and exciting electrode, the inventive method wound is little, and is simple to operate, the three-diemsnional electrode array that uses flexibly and can realize requiring arbitrarily, and make electrode be able to firm fixing, safe and reliable.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of signal of spinal cord for long phase is surveyed the localization method with exciting electrode:
Step a: adopt special-purpose bone drill on vertebrae, to get out the hole that distributes on request,
Step b: utilize the microelectrode propeller that the acupuncture electrode is inserted to by perforate on the spinal nerves of to be detected or excitation,
Step c: insert conical gutta percha point at the Kong Zhongzai that has inserted the acupuncture electrode, the acupuncture electrode is fixed.
The acupuncture electrode is that the basis processes with the medical needle acupuncture needle, keeps a bit most advanced and sophisticated and 0.5 centimetre of needle handle conduction, and all the other all are insulated layer and cover, and guarantee that insulating barrier has excellent biological compatibility.The diameter of acupuncture needle is the minimum diameter of technology permission, the one, in order to increase the selectivity of nerve signal; The 2nd, in order to reduce damage to nervous tissue.
In order to reach " pin down of suiting the medicine to the illness " effect, the present invention adopts new electrode form.As the supporting body of electrode, electrode of the present invention utilizes the vertebrae of animal to replace the blocking flexible polyimide of skin (cuff) electrode and the silicon of Utah electrode, has guaranteed biocompatibility.According to the needs of flexible formation electrod-array, and, form the special-purpose bone drill of process need of array according to the principle of minimally invasive medically.Bit diameter is 2-3 times of acupuncture electrode diameter approximately.Diameter is excessive, and wound is big, and electrode also is difficult for fixing; Diameter is too small, and electrode inconvenience is inserted.The hole array is neatly arranged by fixing array unlike existing electrode, but surveys as required or the location site of excitation is determined.Utilize the microelectrode propeller to insert the acupuncture electrode to the spinal nerves of to be detected or excitation in each hole.
Because biogum or dentistry the cement solidifies the time oversize, experiment also shows if reliability is not high under external force after cementitious with biogum or dentistry.So the present invention adopts conical gutta percha point (root canal plug tip) acupuncture electrode.Gutta percha point is the routine clinical solid canal filling material that is applied to tooth root-canal filling iatrotechnics of oral medicine, and its main component is gutta-percha, zinc oxide, barium sulfate and flexibilizer, has excellent biological compatibility, can keep somewhere in the human body for a long time.According to iso standard, according to the color identification different model at top.Gutta percha point be convenient to cut cut, filling and the resistance of X line penetrate, and is easy to confirm filling effect, and be hard and pliability arranged, about stir 30 degree and do not rupture.And arc is adopted in the gutta percha point tip, is difficult for Spinal Cord.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1) adopt special-purpose bone drill boring location, reach the purpose of minimally invasive, little to spinal cord injury.
2) can form three-diemsnional electrode and distribute, make " pin down of suiting the medicine to the illness " become possibility.
3) material of carrying electrode is the vertebrae of laboratory animal self, has definitely guaranteed its biocompatibility.
4) electrode among the present invention adopts that needle point and backshank expose, the needle body acupuncture needle through the insulant coating of biocompatibility, this electrode has only the minimum part of needle point to contact with nerve, therefore as exciting electrode the time, the selectivity of nerve fiber is good, the stimulus threshold that needs is little, and is little to neural tissue injury.
5) because needle body itself is made up of metal, the Utah electrode impedance of being made up of quasiconductor than needle body is little, more helps recording faint nerve signal when carrying out nerve signal detection.
6) adopt conical gutta-percha point, owing to form lateral pressure in gutta percha point inserts vertebral foramen, making has bigger contact surface between gutta percha point, acupuncture electrode, the vertebrae, reaches fixed effect.Can be used for secular nerve signal record and detection.
7) because gutta percha point is hard pliability arranged again, thus the employing gutta percha point fixedly the mode of acupuncture electrode be more suitable in the record or the excitation of the nerve signal of the spinal cord that microdisplacement is arranged in vertebra.
8), be convenient to gutta percha point and insert in the space because gutta percha point is conical, and the tip of gutta percha point is littler than the space; Because gutta percha point is conical, as long as its butt end is wideer than the space, can fixedly secure the acupuncture electrode although aperture diameter is slightly variant in the same old way; Because gutta percha point is conical, can easily single electrode be taken out when needed and relocate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrode fixation procedure sketch map: (a) bone drill boring, (b) insert acupuncture electrode, (c) gutta percha point fixed electrode.
The specific embodiment
A kind of signal of spinal cord for long phase is surveyed the localization method with exciting electrode:
Step a: adopt special-purpose bone drill on vertebrae 4, to get out the hole 1 that distributes on request,
Step b: utilize the microelectrode propeller that acupuncture electrode 2. is inserted to by perforate 1 on the spinal nerves 5 of to be detected or excitation,
Step c: in the hole .1. that has inserted acupuncture electrode .2., insert conical gutta percha point .3. again, acupuncture electrode .2. is fixed.In the present embodiment, the diameter of bone drill drill bit is 2～3 times of acupuncture electrode diameter.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated, implementation method is: at first distribute with special-purpose bone drill 1 hole that form to need 1 of holing on laboratory animal vertebrae 4, bit diameter is about 2～3 times of acupuncture electrode diameter.Hole 1 distributes and neatly arranges by fixing array unlike existing electrode, but survey as required or the location site of the spinal nerves 5 of excitation definite.Utilize the microelectrode propeller that acupuncture electrode 2 is inserted respectively in each hole 1, the degree of depth that each acupuncture electrode 2 inserts is determined by spinal nerves to be detected 5 back of the body abdomen direction depth locations.Acupuncture electrode 2 is inserted into the suitable degree of depth.Then, use fixedly acupuncture electrode 2 of gutta percha point 3.The tail end of clipping acupuncture electrode 2 forms the plane of a dimpling for vertebrae 4 to guarantee tail end, so that be connected with outside detection or exciting circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910185419A CN101703398A (en) | 2009-11-09 | 2009-11-09 | Method for detecting neural signal of spinal cord for long term and positioning exciting electrode |
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| CN200910185419A CN101703398A (en) | 2009-11-09 | 2009-11-09 | Method for detecting neural signal of spinal cord for long term and positioning exciting electrode |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103656851A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽瑞德埃克森医疗设备有限公司 | Three-node electrode for causing electric nerve block and electric nerve block system |
| CN106236072A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-21 | 北京中科富斯信息科技有限公司 | Nanometer resolution, the microelectrode thruster of micron order controlled motion and control system |
-
2009
- 2009-11-09 CN CN200910185419A patent/CN101703398A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103656851A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽瑞德埃克森医疗设备有限公司 | Three-node electrode for causing electric nerve block and electric nerve block system |
| CN103656851B (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽瑞德医疗设备制造有限公司 | Three node electrodes blocked for causing electric nerve and electric nerve retarding system |
| CN106236072A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-21 | 北京中科富斯信息科技有限公司 | Nanometer resolution, the microelectrode thruster of micron order controlled motion and control system |
| CN106236072B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-04-16 | 北京中科富斯信息科技有限公司 | Nanometer resolution, the microelectrode thruster of micron order controlled motion and control system |
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Open date: 20100512 |