CN101703075A - Botanical plant-protecting agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a botanical plant protection agent and a preparation method thereof. The plant protection agent is composed of salicylic acid, cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil, solvent, surfactant and water, and the mass-volume ratio of each component is: salicylic acid : cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil: solvent: surfactant: water=0.5～1.5: 2.0～6.0: 5.0～15.0: 0.5～1.5: 80～220; its preparation method is at room temperature or 25～35 ℃ of water bath conditions Dissolve salicylic acid in an organic solvent to obtain a salicylic acid solution, add an appropriate amount of cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid solution, stir and mix evenly, and use distilled water or tap water to make the surfactant into a volume ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 % of the emulsion, add the resulting mixture into the resulting emulsion, stir, and mix evenly to obtain the plant protection agent; the plant protection agent is a green and environmentally friendly plant protection agent, which has the ability to induce disease resistance in fruits and vegetables, And it has a certain bactericidal effect; the preparation process of the agent is simple, the cost is low, it is safe for crops, human and animal husbandry, and the pathogenic bacteria are not easy to produce drug resistance after use.

Description

A kind of botanical plant protection agent and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a plant protection agent, in particular to a plant-derived plant protection agent which is green and environment-friendly, improves the disease resistance of fruits and vegetables, and improves the appearance and quality of fruits and vegetables and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of crop disease prevention and control.

Background technique

The warm and humid weather in southern my country is often conducive to the breeding of pathogenic bacteria. In order to reduce the occurrence of crop diseases, farmers frequently apply chemical pesticides in large quantities. Avoid land pesticide residues and food safety issues. Fruits and vegetables are indispensable food sources in people's daily life, and they are also the crops with the most serious pesticide residues. Food safety incidents occur from time to time. At the same time, fruits and vegetables are an important source of income for farmers in our country. Due to excessive pesticide residues, the export of fruit and vegetable products is restricted, and the phenomenon of unsalable products and farmers increasing production but not increasing income is very common. Therefore, finding a green and environmentally friendly plant protective agent, reducing the amount of chemical pesticides used in fruits and vegetables, and improving the quality of fruit and vegetable products will not only help ensure food safety, but also help increase export earnings and increase farmers' income.

Plants are a natural treasure house of biologically active compounds. Many secondary biochemical substances have biological activities such as insecticidal or antibacterial, and are environmentally friendly and diverse in activity. They have important research and utilization values in agriculture and medicine. Salicylic acid (SaLicyLicacid, SA) is a phenolic compound that widely exists in the plant kingdom and is an important signal molecule of plant disease resistance. In recent years, the role of salicylic acid in inducing plant disease resistance has attracted more and more attention. Using exogenous salicylic acid as an inducer can induce local and systemic resistance to fungal, bacterial and viral diseases in crops such as tobacco, potato, cucumber and rice.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia PresL) is an important Chinese herbal medicine. It has the functions of tonifying fire and supporting yang, dispelling cold and relieving pain, and warming meridian. , Diarrhea in children, colic in children, arthralgia, etc. my country's cinnamon production accounts for more than 80% of the world's cinnamon production, while Guangdong and Guangxi provinces account for more than 95% of my country's cinnamon production. At present, the research on cinnamon mainly focuses on medical pharmacology. In addition to some carbohydrates, cinnamon is also rich in cinnamon oil, and its main component is cinnamaldehyde, which has a strong inhibitory activity on pathogenic microorganisms (especially fungi), and is widely used in the development of botanical fungicides and disease resistance. It has important research and application value in governance.

From the perspective of integrated pest management, there are three main measures to avoid and reduce the damage of pathogens. One is to increase the resistance of crops, the other is to reduce the source of disease, and the third is to create an environment that is not conducive to the prevalence of diseases. In the prevention and control of diseases, if the two aspects of improving the resistance of crops and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria are considered at the same time, the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort may be achieved. The plant-derived active substances salicylic acid and cinnamaldehyde have the effects of inducing crop resistance and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria respectively, but there is no report on the joint development of plant protection agents with salicylic acid and cinnamaldehyde.

Contents of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a plant protection agent which is green and environment-friendly, can induce disease resistance of fruits and vegetables, and has a certain bactericidal effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the plant protection agent.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of green and environment-friendly plant protection agent, is made up of salicylic acid, cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil, solvent, surfactant and water, and the mass volume ratio of each component is: salicylic acid: cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil: solvent: Surfactant: water = 0.5-1.5: 2.0-6.0: 5.0-15.0: 0.5-1.5: 80-220 (except that 1 part of salicylic acid is 1 g, the others are volume ratios, that is, 1 part is 1 mL).

The salicylic acid is analytically pure, produced by Guangdong Guanghua Chemical Factory Co., Ltd.

Described solvent is ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate. 95% ethanol (analytical grade) is preferred.

The cinnamaldehyde content is 98%, produced by Wuhan Yuancheng Technology Development Co., Ltd. Cinnamon oil is obtained from cinnamon bark as raw material, extracted by diethyl ether after steam distillation, or separated by conventional column chromatography after leaching with 95% ethanol.

Described water is distilled water, tap water or well water.

The surfactant can be Tween 80, Nongru 600#, etc.

The present invention provides the preparation method of described plant protection agent simultaneously, and specific preparation method is:

(1). Salicylic acid is dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a salicylic acid solution. (2). Add an appropriate amount of cinnamaldehyde (or cinnamon oil) to the salicylic acid solution, stir and mix well. (3). Distilled water or tap water is used to prepare the surfactant into an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5-1.0%. (4). Add 0.5% to 1.0% of the emulsified liquid into the mixed liquid obtained in step (2), stir and mix evenly.

The preparation methods are all carried out at room temperature, and can also be carried out in a water bath (25-35° C.).

The plant protection agent provided by the invention takes into account both internal and external aspects, and has the functions of inducing disease resistance and directly sterilizing bacteria. After the plant protection agent is applied to fruits and vegetables, diseases are significantly reduced, and the appearance and quality of fruit and vegetable products are significantly improved. At the same time, the preparation also has the following advantages:

1. The preparation process of the drug is simple, and it can be mixed in conventional containers.

2. It is convenient to obtain materials (cinnamaldehyde and salicylic acid have been industrially produced), and the cost is low.

3. The preparation is safe for crops, humans and livestock.

4. Pathogenic bacteria are not easy to develop drug resistance.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below through the following examples completed according to the above technical solutions, but not limited to these examples.

Example 1

Cut the cinnamon bark into pieces, dry it, and extract it by steam distillation to obtain an oil-water mixture. The layers were allowed to stand, the oil layer was separated, the aqueous phase was extracted three times with ether, the extracts were combined, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the ether was evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain a volatile oil. Or soak the cinnamon bark powder in 95% ethanol for 3 times, each time for 3 days, combine the filtrates, spin and concentrate under reduced pressure to form a paste, put it on a silica gel column, elute with petroleum ether, evaporate the petroleum ether to obtain volatile oil. The methods used are conventional methods in the art.

Example 2

(1) Dissolve 0.5 g of salicylic acid with 5 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 6 mL of cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix well. (3). 0.5 mL of Tween 80 was mixed with 100 mL of tap water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5%. (4). Slowly add 100mL of 0.5% emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain Preparation 1.

Example 3

(1). 0.5 g of salicylic acid was dissolved with 5 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2). Add 5 mL of cinnamaldehyde to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix. (3). Mix 0.5 mL Tween 80 with 100 mL distilled water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5%. (4). Slowly add 100mL of 0.5% emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) while stirring, mix well to obtain preparation 2.

Example 4

(1) 1.0 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 10 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 5 mL of cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix well. (3) Mix 0.5mL Tween 80 with 100mL well water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5%. (4) Slowly add 100mL of 0.5% emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain preparation 3.

Example 5

(1) 1.0 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 10 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 4 mL of cinnamaldehyde to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix. (3) Mix 0.5mL Tween 80 with 100mL tap water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5%. (4) Slowly add 100mL of 0.5% emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain preparation 4.

Example 6

(1) 1.0 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 10 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 4 mL of cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix well. (3) Mix 1.0 mL of Tween 80 with 100 mL of tap water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 1.0%. (4) Slowly add 100 mL of 1.0% emulsion to the mixture obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain Preparation 5.

Example 7

(1) 1.0 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 10 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 3 mL of cinnamaldehyde to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix well. (3) Distill 1.0 mL of Tween 80 with 100 mL to form an emulsion with a volume ratio of 1.0%. (4) Slowly add 100 mL of 1.0% emulsion to the mixture obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain preparation 6.

Example 8

(1) 1.5 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 3 mL of cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix well. (3) Mix 1.5mL Tween 80 with 150mL well water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 1.0%. (4) Slowly add 150 mL of 1.0% emulsion to the mixture obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain preparation 7.

Example 9

(1) 1.5 g of salicylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of 95% ethanol to obtain a salicylic acid ethanol solution. (2) Add 2 mL of cinnamaldehyde to the salicylic acid ethanol solution, stir and mix. (3) 1.5 mL of Tween 80 was mixed with 150 mL of tap water to make an emulsion with a volume ratio of 1.0%. (4) Slowly add 150 mL of 1.0% emulsion to the mixture obtained in step (2) while stirring, and mix well to obtain preparation 8.

Example 10

The above-mentioned preparations 1-8 are diluted 100 times with 0.5% emulsion, and when two true leaves appear in the Chinese cabbage, the vegetable garden is sprayed, and the control is sprayed with water. Continuous spray treatment was performed twice with an interval of 1 week. The incidence and disease index of downy mildew were investigated 2 days before the harvest of Chinese cabbage, and the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C were determined.

The test results showed that the incidence and disease index of downy mildew were significantly lower than that of the control, and the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C in the stem juice were significantly higher than that of the control.

Example 11

The above-mentioned preparations 1-8 were diluted 100 times with 0.5% emulsion, and one week after the mango faded, the crown of the tree was sprayed, and the control was sprayed with water. Continuous spray treatment was performed 3 times with an interval of 1 week. The incidence and disease index of mango anthracnose were investigated one week before mango harvesting, and the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C were determined.

The test results showed that the incidence and disease index of mango anthracnose were significantly lower than that of the control, and the control effect was equivalent to that of thiophanate-methyl; the soluble sugar and vitamin C content of the pulp were significantly higher than that of the control, and the rotten fruit rate during storage was significantly reduced.

Claims (7)

1. A botanical plant protection agent is characterized in that: the plant protection agent is made up of salicylic acid, cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil, solvent, surfactant and water, and the mass-to-volume ratio of each component is: salicylic acid: Cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil: solvent: surfactant: water = 0.5~1.5: 2.0~6.0: 5.0~15.0: 0.5~1.5: 80~220, 1 part of salicylic acid is 1 g, others are volume ratio, 1 part to 1 mL. 2. The botanical plant protection agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solvent is ethanol, methanol, acetone or ethyl acetate, preferably 95% ethanol. 3. The botanical plant protection agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cinnamon oil is obtained by extraction with diethyl ether after steam distillation and extraction, or with a conventional column after leaching with 95% ethanol, using cinnamon bark as raw material. Chromatographic separation. 4. The botanical plant protection agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: said surfactant is Tween 80 or Nongru 600 ^# . 5. A botanical plant protection agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: said water is distilled water, tap water or well water. 6. A method for preparing the botanical plant protection agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising the steps of: (1) dissolving salicylic acid with an organic solvent to obtain a salicylic acid solution; (2) Add an appropriate amount of cinnamaldehyde or cinnamon oil to the salicylic acid solution, stir and mix evenly; (3) The surfactant is made into an emulsion with a volume ratio of 0.5 to 1.0% with water; (4) Add the mixed solution obtained in step (2) into the emulsion obtained in step (3), stir and mix evenly; 7. The preparation method of a botanical plant protection agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: the above preparation methods are all carried out at room temperature or in a water bath at 25-35°C.