CN101701974B - Method of restraining the influence of linear birefringence on full optical fiber current transformer - Google Patents
Method of restraining the influence of linear birefringence on full optical fiber current transformer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抑制线性双折射对全光纤电流互感器影响的方法，通过把传感光纤螺旋状绕在载流导体周围的圆箍上形成光纤螺线管，并选择合适的螺旋角和半径来准确控制传感环的圆双折射，引入满足式1的T＝178°持续存在的圆双折射，抑制线性双折射引入的误差；
The invention discloses a method for suppressing the influence of linear birefringence on an all-fiber-optic current transformer. A fiber-optic solenoid is formed by spirally winding a sensing fiber on a hoop around a current-carrying conductor, and selecting a suitable helix angle and The radius is used to accurately control the circular birefringence of the sensing ring, and the circular birefringence that satisfies the formula 1 of T=178° is introduced to suppress the error introduced by the linear birefringence;
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that suppresses linear birefrigence to the all-fiber current transformator influence, be used for improving the measuring accuracy and the stability of digital transformer substation all-fiber current transformator.
Background technology
Compare with traditional electromagnetic transformer, it is little, in light weight that photo-electricity mutual-inductor has a volume, and insulation system is simple; The measurement dynamic range is big, and precision is high, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong; Transient characterisitics are good, are convenient to advantages such as digitizing, and do not have problems such as magnetic saturation, ferroresonance and second open circuit.Optical current mutual inductor can be divided into magneto-optic glass formula and two types of full optical fiber by light channel structure.Magneto-optic glass formula current transformer systems is made up of discrete component, complex structure, and the anti-vibration ability connects with optics is gluing between optical element, and performance is very easily degenerated, long-time running poor stability, and each discrete optical element processing difficulties.Full optical fiber type current transformer utilizes optical fiber as the current sense material, and each element of system all is to be formed by connecting through fused fiber splice, no discrete component; Simple in structure, the anti-vibration ability is strong, connects reliable; And the system optics device is based on optical fiber fabrication; Technical maturity, high conformity is more pressed close to the on-the-spot requirement of using of electric system.Therefore, all-fiber current transformator is progressively accepted by market, has become the direction of current transformer manufacturer emphasis research and development at present.
What research was more at present is the all-fiber current transformator of reciprocity reflection interferometer structure; System adopts a catoptron to make light path symmetry fully; Great majority disturb as vibration waits owing to its good reciprocity is suppressed well; It then is nonreciprocal having only the phase shift that is directly proportional with electric current that produces in the Fibre Optical Sensor ring of Faraday effect around the Primary Conductor, thereby this optical fiber current mutual inductor can be got rid of most of interference and detects current information preferably.Yet the linear birefrigence meeting that exists in the sensor fibre ring is disturbed system's probe current information generating.The structure of sensor fibre inside is asymmetric, all can produce linear birefrigence like the ovality in optical fiber cross section and the nonconcentricity of covering fibre core, and the bending of sensor fibre around conductor receives tension force and outside asymmetric stress etc. and also can produce linear birefrigence.Thereby exist linear birefrigence in the sensor fibre inevitably.Theoretical and practical application shows that all the birefringent existence of sensor fibre neutral line meeting produces considerable influence to the precision of optical fiber current mutual inductor.In case and temperature change, linear birefrigence also changes thereupon, quantizes and eliminates very difficulty of linear birefrigence.Therefore, linear birefrigence not only influences the precision of all-fiber current transformator, and can influence its long-time stability.This also is the key point of decision all-fiber current transformator performance quality.
For reducing the birefringent influence of sensor fibre neutral line, that appears in the newspapers at present has a following several method:
1, sensor fibre is carried out annealing in process, eliminate stress in the hope of eliminating linear birefrigence as far as possible.But the sensor fibre after annealing in process becomes frangible, is easy to fracture, and its long-term practicality remains to be tested.
2, while fast rotational preform in the process of making drawing optical fibers is processed Spun fiber, introduces the influence that a large amount of circular birefringence suppress linear birefrigences.But the circular birefringence that this optical fiber is introduced has degradation phenomena in long-term use.Its long-time stability have to be solved.
Thereby 3, single-mode fiber is reversed along fiber axis introduce a large amount of circular birefringence, the problem that this method exists circular birefringence to degenerate in time equally.
List of references:
[1] the reflective sagnek interferometer all-fiber current transformator of utility model patent CN 2638071Y
[2]US?Patent?NO.5270791?Fibre?optic?measuring?device，rate?gyro，stabilizationsystem?and?magnetic?field?or?current?sensor
[3]K.Bohnert，P.Gabus，J.Nehring，H.
Temperature?and?VibrationInsensitive?Fiber-Optic?Current?Sensor.J.OF?Lightwave?Technology，Vol.20，NO.2，Febr.2002?pp267～276
[3] Jiang Zhongying, Zhang Chunxi, Xu Hongjie, the Wang Xia night, linear birefrigence is to research optical technology Vol.32 Suppl.2006 pp218 in August～223 of optical fiber current mutual inductor influence
[4] research Chinese journal of scientific instrument Vol.24 No.3 in the June, 2003 of the positive fibre-optic current Sagnac ring of Liu Bin Mr. Zhang, pp324～326
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of easier error approach that the birefringence of all-fiber current transformator Fibre Optical Sensor ring neutral line causes that suppresses reliably is provided, and the circular birefringence of in the Fibre Optical Sensor ring of optical fiber current mutual inductor, introducing the sustainable existence of the specific quantity that satisfies certain condition through fairly simple approach exactly suppresses the influence of linear birefrigence to the optical fiber current mutual inductor error.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of method that suppresses linear birefrigence to the all-fiber current transformator influence; Through sensor fibre is formed the optical fiber solenoid with the spiral fashion form on current circular boop on every side; And select suitable helix angle and radius to come the accurately circular birefringence of control sensing ring; T=178 ° of circular birefringence that continues to exist of formula 1 is satisfied in introducing, suppresses the error that linear birefrigence is introduced.
Wherein:
M is the damped oscillation function of circular birefringence T, has determined the errors of proportional factor size of optical fiber current mutual inductor; T is the circular birefringence (unit degree of being) that exists in the sensor fibre; Δ is the linear birefrigence (unit degree of being) that exists in the sensor fibre.
And satisfy formula 2 through helix angle and the radius of selecting the spiral pipe that sensor fibre processes, realize in the sensor fibre T=178 ° of introducing circular birefringence:
Wherein: θ is helix angle (a unit degree of being), and R is spiral pipe radius (unit is a rice), N
1It is fiber spiral pipeloop number; T is the circular birefringence of sensor fibre spiral pipe.
Wherein, when introducing T=178 ° of circular birefringence, sensor fibre on circular boop around number of turns N
1Less than 10 circles.
Wherein, the sensor fibre that is wrapped on the circular boop can be low birefringent fiber or general single mode fiber, and when adopting different fiber, the helix angle of fiber spiral pipe is the same with radius parameter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the circular birefringence that the present invention can simply control the Fibre Optical Sensor ring is exactly satisfied T=178 ° and is suppressed the error that linear birefrigence causes; Can improve the precision and the stability of optical fiber current mutual inductor effectively, avoid the complicacy and the unreliability of the method for other influence that suppresses linear birefrigence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the factor among the present invention
Function relation figure with linear birefrigence Δ and circular birefringence T variation; Among the figure: the linear birefrigence Δ/°, unit degree of being; Circular birefringence T/ ° expression, unit degree of being.
Fig. 2 is that the errors of proportional factor of all-fiber current transformator is when different linear birefrigence Δ and the function relation figure of circular birefringence T;
Among the figure: errors of proportional factor, unit are %; T/ ° of expression circular birefringence, unit degree of being.
Fig. 3 is for introducing the method synoptic diagram of the circular birefringence of controlled size at the Fibre Optical Sensor ring
Among the figure: the 20-spiral tube structure; The 21-current; 22-initiating terminal λ/4 wave plates; 23-fiber spiral pipe; The 24-end reflector; The 25-circular boop.
All-fiber current transformator errors of proportional factor and the temperature that Fig. 4 adopts additive method be variation diagram in time;
All-fiber current transformator errors of proportional factor and the temperature that Fig. 5 adopts the inventive method be variation diagram in time.
Among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: errors of proportional factor, unit are %; Temperature, unit is ℃; Time, unit is hour.
Embodiment
Do further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Can know by Fig. 1, linear birefrigence Δ one timing that in sensor fibre, exists, M is the damped oscillation function of circular birefringence T, and in linear birefringence changes in a big way, circular birefringence T one timing, M is all near 0.Thereby when circular birefringence T gets particular value, can suppress the influence of linear birefrigence.When M=0, can get corresponding three of circular birefringence T by formula 1 and separate and be about: T
1=178 ° of о, T
2=359 °, T
3=539.5 °, and in T>=700 °, when bigger linear birefrigence Δ (42 °), M is still near 0.
T
1, T
2, T
33 correspondences just like 3 pointed points of Fig. 2 circle, the circular birefringence of promptly introducing when the Fibre Optical Sensor ring is T
1=178 °, perhaps T
2=359 ° of о, or T
3In the time of=539.5 °, errors of proportional factor is about 0, and the error that linear birefrigence is introduced can be eliminated.And during in T >=700 °, when promptly introducing a large amount of circular birefringence, the error that linear birefrigence is introduced also can be eliminated basically.
During three of M=0 separate, T
1=178 ° are easy to realize.Reverse 6,7 circles to sensor fibre and can make T
1=178 °.Can make shown among Fig. 3 20 spiral tube structure to the sensor fibre ring and introduce circular birefringence.Sensitive zones is placed one and is processed circular boop 25 by non-conductive material such as plastics, glass etc. around the electrical conductor 21 in optical fiber current mutual inductor, and the sensor fibre helically is on this circular boop.For making road that light passes by around the electrical conductor, must make the end reflector 24 of the fiber spiral pipe 23 that twines on the circular boop approaching as far as possible with initiating terminal λ/4 wave plates, 22 positions through being closed.
Helix angle and radius through selecting the spiral pipe that sensor fibre processes satisfy formula 2, realize in the sensor fibre T=178 ° of introducing circular birefringence:
Wherein: θ is a helix angle, and R is the spiral pipe radius, N
1It is fiber spiral pipeloop number; T is the circular birefringence of sensor fibre spiral pipe.
Be easy to through selecting helix angle and spiral pipe radius, be implemented in and introduce T=178 ° of circular birefringence in the sensor fibre.Make the output of optical fiber current mutual inductor no longer receive the influence of linear birefrigence, improved its precision and stability.The circular birefringence that produces in this fiber spiral pipe can not change in time and degenerate, and its stability better.Obviously; Thisly form the optical fiber solenoid to optical fiber current mutual inductor sensing ring spiral fashion on the circular boop, and select suitable helix angle and radius to come the method for the accurately circular birefringence of control sensing ring also can realize introducing a large amount of circular birefringence (T >=700 °) thereby the influence of inhibition linear birefrigence.When adopting this method, sensor fibre being required to reduce, do not need the very special twisted fiber of performance, can be low birefringent fiber or general single mode fiber.Use general single mode fiber can reduce the cost of optical fiber current mutual inductor well.When adopting different fiber, though the linear birefrigence of introducing is different, as long as the same circular birefringence of satisfying introducing with radius parameter of the helix angle of fiber spiral pipe is T=178 °, then the linear birefrigence of different sizes all can be suppressed effectively.
The greatest problem that the optical fiber current mutual inductor through engineering approaches faces is that its precision is influenced by ambient temperature very big, and method provided by the invention can address this problem preferably.This for verifying through restraining the method for linear birefrigence raising optical fiber current mutual inductor precision; Earlier the sensor fibre of a unjacketed optical fiber current transformer (low birefringent fiber) at the nonconductor circular support; Be to turn to ring-type on the circular boop 25 promptly to make fiber spiral pipe 23, around live current-carrying (energising) conductor 21 around, owing to about the about 35cm of this circular support radius; The circular birefringence of introducing in the Fibre Optical Sensor ring is less, can not satisfy T=178 °.About 200A electric current in Primary Conductor, leading to; And control optical fiber current mutual inductor sensing ring temperature changes in-40 ℃～+ 50 ℃ scopes and carries out about 9 hours experiment; All-fiber current transformator errors of proportional factor (Scale Factor Error; Be also referred to as ratio) and temperature (Temperature) change like Fig. 4 in time.Visible light fiber current mutual inductor precision is bigger with temperature variation, has-3.5%～+ 3% approximately, can not satisfy the accuracy requirement of electric system.
If by method of the present invention; Be about the sensor fibre of a same unjacketed optical fiber current transformer on the circular boop 25 of 35cm at diameter; The fiber spiral pipe 23 of the about 5cm of optical fiber coiled radius, the number of turns is controlled at 8 circles, makes the circular birefringence of introducing in the Fibre Optical Sensor ring satisfy 178 ° of T ≈; About 200A electric current on then in Primary Conductor, leading to this moment; And control optical fiber current mutual inductor sensing ring temperature equally and in-40 ℃～+ 50 ℃ scopes, change, to test equally 9 hours, its errors of proportional factor and temperature change like Fig. 5 in time.This moment, the optical fiber current mutual inductor precision was very little with temperature variation, was about-0.15%～+ 0.15%, can satisfy the accuracy requirement of electric system well, and precision reaches the 0.2S level.It is thus clear that the said method of this patent can be improved the humid test result of all-fiber current transformator preferably, can clearly improve the precision and the stability of all-fiber current transformator.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101907650B (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Magneto-optical balance type optical fiber current transformator |
| CN103149405A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-12 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Sensing head of all-fiber current transformer |
| CN106950643B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2019-06-11 | 湖北工业大学 | A Novel Large-cladding Sensing Fiber and Its Fiber Sensing Ring |
| CN108254616A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-06 | 南京曦光信息科技有限公司 | A kind of solenoid type optics small electric current sensor with temperature-compensating |
| CN111948751B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-09-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Design method of optical fiber current transformer optical fiber sensing ring based on 650nm wave band |
| CN113252961A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | All-fiber current transformer sensing head for inhibiting linear birefringence |
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| CN101571556A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-04 | 上海新跃仪表厂 | Sagnac interferometer type all-fiber current transformator |
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| CN101571556A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-04 | 上海新跃仪表厂 | Sagnac interferometer type all-fiber current transformator |
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