CN101686150B - Installation method of network element, network element, DHCP server and network system - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation method of the network element in the embodiment of the present invention, sends a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; receives the DHCP server returned by the DHCP server A response message, wherein the DHCP server returns the DHCP server response message after passing the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; according to the DHCP server response message The carried configuration information and the installation of the network elements to be installed can realize simple, convenient, flexible, and low-cost one-time in-site network element installation, and can support one-time in-site network element installation in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

Description

A network element installation method, network element, DHCP server and network system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a network element installation method, a network element, a DHCP server and a network system.

Background technique

The installation of network elements is a very expensive part of the network construction process. In addition to the wiring of network elements completed by hardware personnel, it also includes the initial configuration of network elements completed by software personnel. Among them, the initial configuration of network elements is relatively complicated. At present, operators have requested that the installation of network elements can be completed in one stop. One stop means that one engineer can complete the installation of network elements once on site. Therefore, how to realize the automatic configuration and installation of network elements becomes the key to one-stop installation.

At present, most of the automatic configuration schemes adopted in the industry use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for interaction, and use the serial number (SerialNumber SN)/KEY for authentication. The network element sends a DHCP client request (DHCP client request) to the DHCP server through the service interface to request initial configuration. Here, the DHCP server is a logical concept. It can be integrated on other network elements, such as gateway network elements, or is a separate server. The DHCP client request may use the SN of the network element as the unique identifier, or may use the KEY input by the engineer on site as the unique identifier, and transmit it through the Option field in the DHCP Protocol Data Unit (DHCP Protocol Data Unit DHCP PDU). When the DHCP server After receiving the DHCP client request, the SN/KEY in the request is authenticated, and if the authentication is passed, the DHCP server response message (DHCP server response message) is returned to the network element.

At present, operators have various network structures, and it is required to support the access of some network elements through a third-party network and perform unified management. Access through a third-party network is a concept opposite to an ad-hoc network. An ad-hoc network means that all network elements, including to-be-installed network elements, gateway network elements, and DHCP servers, are within an operator network and are connected through a third-party network. Incoming means that when the network element to be installed is connected to the gateway network element of a certain operator's network, it needs to pass through the network of another operator, and the DHCP server is also located in the other operator's network. However, whether it is an ad hoc network or a third-party network, it can be a Layer 2 network, that is, packets are forwarded at Layer 2, or a Layer 3 network, that is, packets are forwarded at Layer 3.

During the research and practice of the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have found that the prior art has the following problems:

When there is a third-party network, since the Option field is user-defined, no public organization guarantees the uniqueness of its value. Therefore, in the case of a third-party network, it may be different from the value of other network elements. conflict. In addition, the above solution requires the network element to store a self-identifying SN number, or requires engineering personnel to input a KEY value on site, which increases the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the network element.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for installing a network element, a network element, a DHCP server, and a network system, which can realize simple, convenient, flexible, and low-cost installation of a network element once in the station, and can support passing through third-party network scenarios. One inbound network element installation.

A method for installing a network element provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

Send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

receiving the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein the DHCP server returns the DHCP server response message after passing the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed ;

Install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a network element, including:

A first sending module, configured to send a DHCP client request message to a DHCP server, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The first receiving module is configured to receive the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein, after the DHCP server passes the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed, return The DHCP server responds to the message;

An installation module, configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message.

The present invention also provides a DHCP server, including:

A receiving module, configured to receive a DHCP client request message sent by a network element to be installed, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

An authentication module, configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

A sending module, configured to send a DHCP server response message to the network element to be installed after the authentication module passes the authentication on the network element to be installed.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a network system, including a network element to be installed and a DHCP server,

The network element to be installed is configured to send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The DHCP server is configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed.

By applying the embodiment of the present invention, there is no need to require network elements to store additional SN numbers, and engineering personnel are not required to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing cost and installation cost of network elements. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a network element installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the packet encapsulation format for obtaining configuration information by sending a DHCP client request according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the format of the DHCP PDU of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a network element to be installed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a network shown in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram of communication data flow in a network element installation method shown in another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a network shown in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram of communication data flow in a network element installation method shown in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a network element provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a network element provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a DHCP server provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a DHCP server provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a network system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a network system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for installing a network element, a network element, and a network system, which send a DHCP client request message to a DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; receiving the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein the DHCP server returns the DHCP server response message after passing the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed ; According to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message, installing the network element to be installed can be simple, convenient, flexible, and low-cost to realize the installation of a network element at a station, and can support the pass-through of third-party network scenarios. One inbound network element installation.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, refer to FIG. 1 for detailed description, and FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of this embodiment.

Send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

After the network element to be installed is started, any available service interface can be selected to send a DHCP client request message to obtain configuration information. This message is a broadcast message. After the DHCP relay agent receives the broadcast message, it will The broadcast message is converted into a unicast message and sent to the DHCP server (DHCP server).

Figure 2 shows the packet encapsulation format for obtaining configuration information by sending a DHCP client request.

Among them, the destination address DMAC of the link layer protocol fills in the broadcast MAC, and the source address SMAC fills in the MAC of the service interface that sends the message. The format of the DHCP PDU is shown in Figure 3. The "Chaddr" field in the DHCP PDU is the client What is filled in the hardware address (client hardware address) field is the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed.

As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a schematic structural diagram of the network element to be installed, including a network management interface, n service interfaces, service modules and management modules. The service module processes the service through the service interface. Ideally, the network management is directly connected to the network element through the network management interface for management, that is, the management module is connected to the network management interface. However, since most of the network elements to be installed are geographically dispersed, it is generally necessary to transmit management packets through the service interface to manage the network elements, that is, the management module is connected to the service interface. In the embodiment of the present invention, the hardware address of the network management interface is filled in the "Chaddr" field. The hardware address of the network management interface may be the MAC address of the network management interface or other hardware addresses, which is not limited in the present invention. Since hardware address assignments are globally unique, it is guaranteed not to conflict with other addresses. When the management module of the network element shown in Figure 4 sends a DHCP client request through any service interface, the "Chaddr" field in the DHCP PDU is filled with the MAC address "MAC0" of the network management interface. Moreover, the DHCP server and the network management only need to store the hardware address of one network management interface, instead of storing the MAC address of each service interface, which also reduces the workload of authentication comparison. When there are many service interfaces on a network element to be installed , its beneficial effect is more significant, and the engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying the management information on any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation.

receiving the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein the DHCP server returns the DHCP server response message after passing the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed ;

The DHCP server stores the pre-planned network management interface hardware address and corresponding service interface configuration information. If the network element to be installed is connected to the gateway network element through a third-party network, in this case, the DHCP server is also located in the third-party network, and the DHCP server also stores configuration information required for the network element to be installed to pass through the third-party network.

After the DHCP server receives the DHCP client request message, it compares the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed carried in the "chaddr" field of the message, and compares the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed. The network element is authenticated. After the authentication is passed, the DHCP server response message is returned to the network element to be installed. The DHCP server response message carries the relevant configuration information of the DCN (Data Communication Network) and the gateway network element corresponding to the network element to be installed. IP address etc. If the network element to be installed is connected to the gateway network element through a third-party network, the DHCP server response message also carries configuration information required for the network element to be installed to pass through the third-party network. If the NE to be installed, the DHCP server, and the NE are in a Layer 3 ad hoc network or the NE to be installed is connected to the gateway NE through a Layer 3 third-party network, that is, the packet is forwarded through Layer 3, the DHCP server responds The message also carries the IP address of the service interface of the network element to be installed. The DHCP server response message has the same format as the DHCP client request message, and the information to be returned can be carried in the Options field of the DHCP PDU, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

The DHCP relay agent encapsulates the link layer destination address DMAC of the DHCP server response message according to the content of the client hardware address Chaddr field of the DHCP PDU, and is about to fill in the link layer destination address DMAC of the DHCP server response message as the network to be installed The hardware address of the network management interface of the element.

The network element to be installed receives a DHCP server response message through a service interface that sends a DHCP client request message;

Judging whether the link layer destination address of the DHCP server response message is the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; the service interface of the network element to be installed needs to identify the network management interface in addition to the MAC address of the interface. The hardware address of the interface to receive management packets entering from this interface. Specifically, the network management interface hardware address can be stored in the network element, or the network management interface hardware address can be directly read from the network management interface by the service interface. within range. By comparing the link layer destination address of the received DHCP server response message with the stored or read network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed, determine the link layer of the DHCP server response message Whether the destination address is the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed.

If so, forwarding the DHCP server response message to the management module of the network element to be installed; otherwise, discarding the DHCP server response message;

Install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message.

The network element to be installed is configured according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message, specifically, the management module of the network element to be installed can be configured according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message;

The network element to be installed sends a network management connection confirmation request message to the network manager. Specifically, after the network element to be installed completes configuration according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message, it sends a network management connection confirmation request message to the gateway network element ; After the gateway network element receives the network management connection confirmation request message of the network element to be installed, it applies to the network management for authentication;

The network management connection confirmation request message carries the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed. The network management connection confirmation request message can be an IP message, and the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed is carried in the payload area of the IP message, or it can be other messages. without limitation;

Instructing the network element to be installed to communicate with the network management system after receiving confirmation information that the network management unit passes the authentication according to the network management interface hardware address of the network management unit to be installed.

The pre-planned network element identification to be installed is stored on the network management system. In the embodiment of the present invention, the network management interface hardware address and corresponding authentication information are stored. Specifically, after the network management performs authentication according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed carried in the network management connection confirmation request message, it returns confirmation information to the gateway network element, and the gateway network element returns confirmation information to the network element to be installed. After the element receives the confirmation information from the gateway network element, it indicates in some way that it has connected with the network management unit, and the installation is successful. Indication methods include, but are not limited to, lighting up the panel indicator light, beeping the horn for indication, and indication through the liquid crystal display screen.

The method for installing a network element in the embodiment of the present invention does not require the network element to store an additional SN number, nor does it require engineering personnel to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the network element. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

As shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of a network shown in another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the network element to be installed at the remote end passes through a three-layer third-party network, which may be a third-party IP network or other three-layer third-party network. Three-party network, connected to the gateway network element. The pre-planned network element identification to be installed is stored on the DHCP server. The embodiment of the present invention is the hardware address of the network management interface, the configuration information and other configuration information required to pass through the third-party network with the network element, and the pre-planned network element is stored on the network management system. The identifier of the network element to be installed, the embodiment of the present invention is the hardware address of the network management interface, and the corresponding authentication information. After the network elements to be installed are installed and powered on, the communication data flow is shown in Figure 6:

After the network element to be installed is powered on, select any available service interface to send a DHCP client request message;

After the DHCP relay agent receives the broadcast request message, it converts the broadcast request message into a unicast message and sends it to the DHCP server;

After receiving the request message from the DHCP client, the DHCP server compares the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed carried in the "chaddr" field of the request message with the stored hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed, After the authentication is passed, a DHCP server response message is returned, and the DHCP server response message carries the IP address of the service interface of the network element to be installed, the configuration information for passing through the third-party network, the IP address of the gateway network element, and DCN related configuration information, etc.;

The DHCP relay agent returns the DHCP server response message to the network element to be installed;

After the network element to be installed completes the configuration according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message, it sends a network management connection confirmation request message to the gateway network element;

After the gateway network element receives the network management connection confirmation request message of the network element to be installed, it applies to the network management for authentication;

After the network management authenticates the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed carried in the message, it returns confirmation information to the gateway network element;

The gateway network element returns confirmation information to the network element to be installed.

If the network element to be installed receives the confirmation information from the gateway network element, it will indicate in some way that it has communicated with the network management, and the installation is successful. Indication methods include, but are not limited to, lighting up the panel indicator light, beeping the horn for indication, and indication through the liquid crystal display screen.

The method for installing a network element in the embodiment of the present invention does not require the network element to store an additional SN number, nor does it require engineering personnel to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the network element. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

As shown in FIG. 7 , it is a schematic diagram of a network according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a remote network element to be installed is connected to a gateway network element through an operator's Layer 2 ad hoc network. A pre-planned network element identifier to be installed is stored on the DHCP server. The embodiment of the present invention is a network management interface hardware address and configuration information, and a pre-planned network element identifier to be installed is stored on the network management. Interface hardware address, and corresponding authentication information. After the network elements to be installed are installed and powered on, the communication data flow is shown in Figure 8:

After the network element to be installed is powered on, select any available service interface to send a DHCP client request message;

After the DHCP relay agent receives the broadcast request message, it converts the broadcast request message into a unicast message and sends it to the DHCP server;

After receiving the request message from the DHCP client, the DHCP server compares the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed carried in the "chaddr" field of the request message with the stored hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed, After the authentication is passed, a DHCP server response message is returned, and the DHCP server response message carries the IP address of the gateway network element corresponding to the network element to be installed, DCN-related configuration information, etc.;

The DHCP relay agent returns the DHCP server response message to the network element to be installed;

After the network element to be installed completes the configuration according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message, it sends a network management connection confirmation request message to the gateway network element;

After the gateway network element receives the network management connection confirmation request message of the network element to be installed, it applies to the network management for authentication;

After the network management authenticates the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed carried in the message, it returns confirmation information to the gateway network element;

The gateway network element returns confirmation information to the network element to be installed.

If the network element to be installed receives the confirmation information from the gateway network element, it will indicate in some way that it has communicated with the network management, and the installation is successful. Indication methods include, but are not limited to, lighting up the panel indicator light, beeping the horn for indication, and indication through the liquid crystal display screen.

The method for installing a network element in the embodiment of the present invention does not require the network element to store an additional SN number, nor does it require engineering personnel to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the network element. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation.

As shown in FIG. 9, a network element provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

A first sending module, configured to send a DHCP client request message to a DHCP server, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The first receiving module is configured to receive the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein, after the DHCP server passes the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed, return The DHCP server responds to the message;

An installation module, configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message.

As shown in Figure 10, it is a network element provided by another embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the first sending module, the first receiving module, and the installation module included in the network element in the previous embodiment, the network element Meta also includes:

A judging module, configured to judge whether the link layer destination address of the DHCP server response message is the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The installing module is configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message when the judging result of the judging module is yes.

In the network elements of the above two embodiments, the installation module specifically includes:

A configuration module, configured to configure according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message;

The second sending module is configured to send a network management connection confirmation request message to the network management system, wherein the network management connection confirmation request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The second receiving module is configured to receive confirmation information that the network management has passed the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed;

The instructing module is configured to instruct the network element to be installed to communicate with the network management after the second receiving module receives the confirmation information.

For a network element in an embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of each module of the network element and the relevant description in the method embodiment belong to the same inventive concept, and reference may be made to the method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

A network element according to an embodiment of the present invention does not require the network element to store an additional SN number, and does not require engineering personnel to input KEY parameters on site, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the network element. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

As shown in Figure 11, a kind of DHCP server provided for the embodiment of the present invention includes:

A receiving module, configured to receive a DHCP client request message sent by a network element to be installed, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

An authentication module, configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

A sending module, configured to send a DHCP server response message to the network element to be installed after the authentication module passes the authentication on the network element to be installed.

As shown in Figure 12, it is a kind of DHCP server that another embodiment of the present invention provides, and this DHCP server is except comprising the receiving module that last embodiment DHCP server comprises, authentication module, sending module, and this DHCP server also comprises:

a storage module, configured to store the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed;

The authentication module is configured to compare the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed carried in the DHCP client request message with the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed stored in the storage module. NEs to be installed are authenticated.

For a DHCP server according to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of each module and the related description in the method embodiment belong to the same inventive concept, and reference may be made to the method embodiment, and no detailed description is given here.

A DHCP server according to an embodiment of the present invention does not require network elements to store additional SN numbers, nor does engineering personnel need to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing and installation costs of network elements. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

As shown in Figure 13, a network system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a network element to be installed and a DHCP server,

The network element to be installed is configured to send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The DHCP server is configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed.

As shown in Figure 14, it is a network system provided by another embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the network elements to be installed and the DHCP server included in the system of the previous embodiment, the system also includes a network manager,

The network element to be installed is also used to configure according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message after receiving the DHCP server response message sent after the DHCP server authentication is passed, and to report to the network management Sending a network management connection confirmation request message, the network management connection confirmation request message carrying the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed;

The network manager is configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed.

In a network system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of each module and the related description in the method embodiment belong to the same inventive concept, and reference may be made to the method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

A network system according to an embodiment of the present invention does not require network elements to store additional SN numbers, nor does engineering personnel need to input KEY parameters on site, which reduces the manufacturing and installation costs of network elements. In addition, engineering personnel can insert the communication line carrying management information into any service interface during installation, which also improves the flexibility of engineering installation. Moreover, it can support the installation of one inbound network element in the scenario of passing through a third-party network.

All or part of the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments can be realized by software programming, and the software program is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a hard disk, an optical disk or a floppy disk in a computer.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications to the specific embodiments or equivalent replacement of some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for installing a network element, comprising: Send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; receiving the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein the DHCP server returns the DHCP server response message after passing the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed ; Install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed is carried in the client hardware address Chaddr field in the DHCP client request message. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message, installing the network element to be installed is specifically: Judging whether the link layer destination address of the DHCP server response message is the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; If yes, install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message, installing the network element to be installed specifically comprises: Configure according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message; Sending a network management connection confirmation request message to the network manager, the network management connection confirmation request message carrying the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; Instructing the network element to be installed to communicate with the network management system after receiving confirmation information that the network management unit passes the authentication according to the network management interface hardware address of the network management unit to be installed. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, sending the network management connection confirmation request message to the network management is specifically: sending the network management connection confirmation request message to the network management through the gateway network element; If the network element to be installed is connected to the gateway network element through a third-party network, the content carried in the DHCP server response message includes the configuration information for passing through the third-party network and the IP address of the gateway network element; if the The network element to be installed, the DHCP server, and the gateway network element are in the ad hoc network, and the content carried in the DHCP server response message includes the IP address of the gateway network element corresponding to the network element to be installed. 6. A network element to be installed, characterized in that it comprises: A first sending module, configured to send a DHCP client request message to a DHCP server, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; The first receiving module is configured to receive the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein, after the DHCP server passes the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed, return The DHCP server responds to the message; An installation module, configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message. 7. The network element to be installed according to claim 6, wherein the network element to be installed further comprises: A judging module, configured to judge whether the link layer destination address of the DHCP server response message received by the first receiving module is the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; The installation module is configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message when the determination result of the determination module is yes. 8. The network element to be installed according to claim 6, wherein the installation module specifically comprises: A configuration module, configured to configure according to the configuration information in the DHCP server response message; The second sending module is configured to send a network management connection confirmation request message to the network management system, wherein the network management connection confirmation request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; The second receiving module is configured to receive confirmation information that the network management has passed the authentication of the network element to be installed according to the hardware address of the network management interface of the network element to be installed; The instructing module is configured to instruct the network element to be installed to communicate with the network management after the second receiving module receives the confirmation information. 9. A DHCP server, characterized in that, comprising: A receiving module, configured to receive a DHCP client request message sent by a network element to be installed, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; An authentication module, configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; A sending module, configured to send a DHCP server response message to the network element to be installed after the authentication module has passed the authentication of the network element to be installed; the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message is used for installation The network element to be installed. 10. A network system, characterized in that it includes a network element to be installed and a DHCP server, The network element to be installed includes: a first sending module, configured to send a DHCP client request message to the DHCP server, and the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; the first The receiving module is configured to receive the DHCP server response message returned by the DHCP server, wherein the DHCP server returns the A DHCP server response message; an installation module, configured to install the network element to be installed according to the configuration information carried in the DHCP server response message; The DHCP server includes: a receiving module configured to receive the DHCP client request message sent by the network element to be installed, wherein the DHCP client request message carries the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; authentication A module, configured to authenticate the network element to be installed according to the network management interface hardware address of the network element to be installed; a sending module, configured to send to the The network element to be installed sends the DHCP server response message.

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