A kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter, output short circuit protection circuit, particularly a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter that has output short circuit protection circuit.
Background technology
Because non-isolated DC converter wants cube more and more littler, power density is increasing, and is therefore more and more higher to the requirement of output short circuit protection, requires the internal loss of converter littler under the situation of output short-circuit.This just needs to increase the output short circuit protection that peripheral circuit is realized DC converter.Realize at present some scheme comparative maturity of the circuit of this function, but that its shortcoming is a peripheral cell is many, has increased development cost simultaneously.And, for the supply convertor of small size, can increase the difficulty of development and Design undoubtedly greatly.
Common short-circuit protection circuit is to detect electric current on the power major loop, and when short circuit took place, the electric current of major loop was bound to increase, and when electric current increases to a certain degree, assert that short circuit takes place, then trigger protection.And, then need constantly start-up circuit to come " test " short-circuit conditions whether to cancel in order to realize that short-circuit protection recovers automatically, if short-circuit conditions has been cancelled, then restart circuit successfully; If short-circuit conditions still exists, then the electric current of circuit then also can increase to the intensity of assert that short circuit takes place, triggers short-circuit protection once more.This protected mode is commonly called as " having the hiccups " protected mode, its circuit complexity, and sustained short-circuit when taking place power loss bigger.
In existing non-isolated DC converter, drive in loop in its feedback and to be provided with PWM (pulse width modulation) control module, the work of the converter that drives by the PWM chip controls.Have the built-in function block diagram of PWM (pulse width modulation) chip of general band Enable Pin now, as shown in Figure 1.By two divider resistances converter output voltage V o sampling is obtained feedback voltage FB, after feedback voltage FB input chip internal is used for degenerative amplifier and reference voltage and compares, from signal of amplifier output Comp pin output.The Comp pin is drawn out to outside the chip usually, can be used to connect various compensation taches.The output signal of Comp pin is imported the negative terminal of a comparator again, obtains square-wave signal with the inside of comparator anode or exterior ramp signal after relatively and exports drive circuit to, makes drive controlling outward by being drawn out to chip behind the drive circuit at last.By the work of the converter of this PWM chip controls whether in addition, the PWM chip has an Enable Pin, and its input by outside high-low level comes whether output drive signal of control chip, controlled indirectly.The Enable Pin of PWM chip shown in Figure 1 is that the employing control Driver Circuit realizes, also has plenty of the control of employing comparator or the realization of control amplifier.That in a word, can realize closing chip drives output can be set to Enable Pin Anywhere.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter, its short-circuit protection circuit peripheral cell is many, and power loss was little when sustained short-circuit took place.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter, its FEEDBACK CONTROL drives in the loop and is provided with the PWM control module, it is characterized in that, also include output short circuit protection circuit, the input of described protective circuit is connected with the output voltage terminal of non-isolation type direct-current converter, and the output of protective circuit connects the amplifier output Comp pin in the PWM control module or triggers Enable Pin EN pin; The voltage sample input of described PWM control module is connected with the output voltage terminal of non-isolation type direct-current converter, and the drive control signal output of PWM control module is connected with the driving signal input of non-isolation DC/DC converter.When output short-circuit, output voltage is pulled down to zero, and protective circuit detects this variation, then by dragging down PWM chip amplifier output Comp pin or triggering Enable Pin EN pin, makes the PWM chip stop output drive signal, reaches the function of short-circuit protection.
Described protective circuit comprises PNP transistor Q1, resistance R 1, loop compensation capacitor C 1; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to the emitter of described transistor Q1 by described resistance R 1, the base stage of described transistor Q1 directly connects the output voltage terminal of converter, the grounded collector of described transistor Q1, described loop compensation capacitor C 1 is parallel to the collector and emitter two ends of described transistor Q1.
Described protective circuit comprises resistance R 1, capacitor C 1, diode D1; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to the anode of described diode D1 by described resistance R 1, and the negative electrode of described diode D1 is connected with the output voltage terminal of converter, described capacitor C 1 be connected and diode anode between.
Described protective circuit comprises resistance R 1, resistance R 5, loop compensation capacitor C 1, charging capacitor C2, diode D1 and MOSFET pipe Q3; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 1 of described resistance R 1 series connection; The anode of described diode D1 is connected between described resistance R 1 and the described capacitor C 1, and described diode D1 negative electrode links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter; Output is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 2 of described resistance R 5 series connection; The grid of described MOSFETQ3 is connected between described resistance R 5 and the described capacitor C 2, and the source electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter, and the drain electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with Enable Pin EN pin.
Described protective circuit comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 5, loop compensation capacitor C 1, charging capacitor C2, diode D1 and MOSFET pipe Q3; Described Enable Pin EN pin is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 1 of described resistance R 6 series connection; The anode of described diode D1 is connected between described resistance R 6 and the described capacitor C 1, and described diode D1 negative electrode links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter; The output voltage terminal output of converter is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 2 of described resistance R 5 series connection; The grid of described MOSFETQ3 is connected between described resistance R 5 and the described capacitor C 2, and the source electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter, and the drain electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with Enable Pin EN pin.
The present invention can also realize by following technical measures, a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter, its FEEDBACK CONTROL drives in the loop and is provided with the PWM control module, it is characterized in that, also include protective circuit and PWM control module, described protective circuit is connected in the amplifier output Comp pin in the PWM control module and triggers between the Enable Pin EN pin; The voltage sample input of described PWM control module is connected with the output voltage terminal of non-isolation type direct-current converter, and the drive control signal output of PWM control module is connected with the driving signal input of non-isolation DC/DC converter.
Described protective circuit comprises divider resistance R3, resistance R 4 and NPN transistor Q2; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to ground after by resistance R 3 series resistance R4; Described transistor Q2 base stage is connected between described resistance R 3 and the described resistance R 4, and described transistor Q2 collector electrode is connected with the Enable Pin EN pin of described PWM chip, and described transistor Q2 emitter is directly connected to ground.
The present invention has the following advantages with respect to " have the hiccups " converter of protected mode of tradition band:
1. do not need current sampling circuit, the efficient when having improved the circuit operate as normal;
2. the components and parts of the protective circuit composition that adopts are few, the circuit simple and flexible;
3. when taking place owing to short-circuit protection, power inverter is not worked, so sustained short-circuit does not almost have short-circuit dissipation when taking place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inside theory diagram of existing general PWM module;
Fig. 2 is a converter work block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is protective circuit embodiment one circuit theory diagrams among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is protective circuit embodiment two circuit theory diagrams among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is protective circuit embodiment three-circuit schematic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is protective circuit embodiment four circuit theory diagrams among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is protective circuit embodiment five circuit theory diagrams among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the output short circuit protection circuit of a kind of non-isolation type direct-current converter of the present invention is further set forth.
As shown in Figure 2, the output of non-isolation type direct-current converter is provided with output short circuit protection circuit, and protective circuit is connected to the PWM control module in its FEEDBACK CONTROL driving loop.The input of protective circuit is connected with the output voltage terminal of non-isolation type direct-current converter, and the output of protective circuit connects the amplifier output Comp pin in the PWM control module or triggers Enable Pin EN pin; The voltage sample input of PWM control module is connected with the output voltage terminal of non-isolation type direct-current converter, and the drive control signal output of PWM control module is connected with the driving signal input of non-isolation DC/DC converter.When output short-circuit, output voltage is pulled down to zero, and protective circuit detects this variation, then by dragging down PWM chip amplifier output Comp pin or triggering Enable Pin EN pin, makes the PWM chip stop output drive signal, reaches the function of short-circuit protection.
As shown in Figure 3, protective circuit embodiment one circuit theory diagrams in the invention, protective circuit comprises PNP transistor Q1, resistance R 1, loop compensation capacitor C 1; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to the emitter of described transistor Q1 by described resistance R 1, the base stage of described transistor Q1 directly connects the output voltage terminal of converter, the grounded collector of described transistor Q1, described loop compensation capacitor C 1 is parallel to the collector and emitter two ends of described transistor Q1.
Include divider resistance Rsense1 and Rsense2, operational amplifier OP, comparator C P, drive circuit in the PWM chip commonly used.Sampling obtains feedback voltage to output voltage V o by two divider resistance Rsense1 and Rsense2, after feedback voltage input inside is used for degenerative amplifier and reference voltage and compares, from signal of amplifier output Comp pin output.The output signal of Comp pin is imported the anode of a comparator on the one hand again, obtains square-wave signal with the inside of comparator negative terminal or exterior ramp signal after relatively and exports drive circuit to, at last by being drawn out to outside the chip behind the drive circuit.
When converter was normally exported, the voltage of its converter output terminal was higher, and transistor Q1 emitter is anti-inclined to one side, not conducting.When short circuit appears in converter output terminal; the output end voltage vanishing; it is the vanishing of transistor Q1 base voltage; and the output voltage of Comp pin offers the emitter voltage of transistor Q1 by resistance R 1; therefore transistor Q1 conducting; make the PWM chip stop output drive signal thereby the voltage of Comp pin is pulled low to, reach the function of short-circuit protection.
The embodiment of the invention two circuit theory diagrams and the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3 one circuit theory diagrams are basic identical as shown in Figure 4, difference is among the embodiment one to make the PWM chip stop output drive signal by transistor Q1 conducting is pulled low to the voltage of Comp pin, and is to adopt diode D1 to replace transistor Q1 to realize identical function among the embodiment two.This protective circuit comprises resistance R 1, capacitor C 1, diode D1; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to the anode of described diode D1 by described resistance R 1, and the negative electrode of described diode D1 is connected with the output voltage terminal of converter, described capacitor C 1 be connected in parallel on the diode anode two ends.
When module was normally exported, the voltage of output was higher, and diode D1 oppositely ends not conducting.When short circuit appearred in output, the output end voltage vanishing made diode D1 conducting, drags down Comp pin voltage with this, makes the PWM chip stop output drive signal, reaches the function of short-circuit protection.
In the embodiment of the invention three-circuit schematic diagram, protective circuit is connected between the amplifier output Comp pin and Enable Pin EN of PWM chip as shown in Figure 5, and protective circuit comprises divider resistance R3, resistance R 4 and NPN transistor Q2; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to ground after by resistance R 3 series resistance R4; Described transistor Q2 base stage is connected between described resistance R 3 and the described resistance R 4, and described transistor Q2 collector electrode is connected with the Enable Pin EN pin of described PWM chip, and described transistor Q2 emitter is directly connected to ground.。
When module is normally exported,, make the voltage of this moment on the resistance R 4 less than the conducting voltage of transistor Q2, not conducting of transistor Q2 by setting to divider resistance R3, R4 size.When short circuit appears in output; the output end voltage vanishing; the output voltage of Comp pin reaches maximum; voltage also raises relatively on the resistance R 4, as long as resistance R 3, that the R4 size is selected is suitable, just can make voltage on the resistance R 4 at this moment be higher than the conducting voltage of transistor Q2; make transistor Q2 conducting; drag down Enable Pin EN with this, make the PWM chip stop output drive signal, reach the function of short-circuit protection.
In the embodiment of the invention four circuit theory diagrams, protective circuit comprises resistance R 1 as shown in Figure 6, resistance R 5, loop compensation capacitor C 1, charging capacitor C2, diode D1 and MOSFET pipe Q3; Described amplifier output Comp pin is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 1 of described resistance R 1 series connection; The anode of described diode D1 is connected between described resistance R 1 and the described capacitor C 1, and described diode D1 negative electrode links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter; Output is connected to ground after by the described capacitor C 2 of described resistance R 5 series connection; The grid of described MOSFETQ3 is connected between described resistance R 5 and the described capacitor C 2, and the source electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with the output voltage terminal of converter, and the drain electrode of MOSFETQ3 links to each other with Enable Pin EN pin.
When module was normally exported, output voltage was capacitor C 2 chargings by resistance R 5, and making the voltage swing on the capacitor C 2 is the output end voltage size; And because the voltage of output is higher, diode D1 oppositely ends not conducting.When short circuit appears in output, output end voltage vanishing, the i.e. vanishing of MOSFET pipe Q3 grid voltage, and the voltage on the C2 provides grid voltage for MOSFET pipe Q3, therefore MOSFET pipe Q3 conducting drags down Enable Pin EN, makes the PWM chip stop output drive signal fast.Simultaneously, diode D1 is because output voltage vanishing and forward conduction drags down Comp pin voltage with this makes the PWM chip continue to stop output drive signal.Therefore, adopt this embodiment can realize reaching fast the sustained short-circuit protection.
The embodiment of the invention five circuit theory diagrams and the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 6 four circuit theory diagrams are basic identical as shown in Figure 7, difference is among the embodiment four by diode D1 conducting is dragged down the voltage of Comp pin, make the PWM chip continue to stop output drive signal, and be to realize identical function among the embodiment five by diode D1 conducting is dragged down Enable Pin EN pin.And to realize this function, and only needing that amplifier output Comp pin among the embodiment five is replaced by Enable Pin EN pin after by resistance R 1 series capacitance C1 with being connected to and be connected to ground after by R6 series connection C1, all the other connected modes and components and parts are not all done variation.
When module was normally exported, output voltage was capacitor C 2 chargings by resistance R 5, and making the voltage swing on the capacitor C 2 is the output end voltage size; And because the voltage of output is higher, diode D1 oppositely ends not conducting.When short circuit appears in output, output end voltage vanishing, the i.e. vanishing of MOSFET pipe Q3 grid voltage, and the voltage on the capacitor C 2 provides grid voltage for MOSFET pipe Q3, therefore MOSFET pipe Q3 conducting drags down Enable Pin EN, makes the PWM chip stop output drive signal fast.Simultaneously, diode D1 is because output voltage vanishing and forward conduction drags down EN pin voltage with this makes the PWM chip continue to stop output drive signal.Therefore, adopt this embodiment can realize reaching fast the sustained short-circuit protection equally.
Because the object of using is non-isolations DC/DC converter, the PWM chip can and output common ground, so this protection scheme of the present invention's proposition can have a variety of embodiment flexibly.According to foregoing of the present invention, ordinary skill knowledge and customary means according to this area, do not breaking away under the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention prerequisite, the present invention can also make equivalent modifications, replacement or the change of other various ways, all can realize the object of the invention.