CN101671004B

CN101671004B - Three-cavity series plasma vehicular hydrogen-rich gas generator

Info

Publication number: CN101671004B
Application number: CN2009100937297A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李兴虎; 马奎峰
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2009-10-15
Filing date: 2009-10-15
Publication date: 2011-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-15
Also published as: CN101671004A

Abstract

The present invention proposes an efficient, fast and portable three-cavity serial plasma vehicle-mounted hydrogen-rich gas generator. The device has a cylindrical appearance and is used for rapid production of vehicle-mounted hydrogen-rich gas. The generator mainly includes a plasma reaction part and a plasma generation part. The plasma generation part is composed of three evenly distributed generation chambers in series, the shape of the cross section of the generation chamber is 120° sector, and the radius of the generation chamber is 6-8mm. The reaction part is the reaction chamber, which is cylindrical in shape. The device uses the electrode installed in the center of the fan-shaped corner as the positive pole, the arc-shaped side wall of the base as the negative pole, and the on-board battery as the power supply. The discharge control device discharges between the positive and negative electrodes to generate plasma. When the hydrocarbon fuel or the mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and air enters the generating chamber from the bottom air inlet, the reactant generates plasma through spark discharge. Afterwards, the reactant enters the reaction chamber for partial oxidation reaction, quickly becomes hydrogen-rich gas, and is discharged from the upper outlet.

Description

Three-cavity series plasma vehicular hydrogen-rich gas generator

Technical field

Patent of the present invention belongs to new energy field, the effect of this device be make hydrocarbon fuel at normal temperatures and pressures apace with air generation partial oxidation reaction, produce hydrogen-rich gas rapidly.For engine provides hydrogen-rich fuel, improve flame propagation velocity, improve combustion in IC engine; Also can be used as the reducing gas of automobile catalytic cleaner, improve reduction efficiency, reduce the NO discharging; After the hydrogen-rich gas that produces is through further the purification, also can be used as the hydrogen manufacturing equipment of fuel cell car or fuel cell.

Background technology

Energy dilemma and environmental pollution have become serious day by day global problem.The petroleum resources of automobile consumption are more and more, and its expellant gas pollutent, particulate pollutant etc. have also become the principal element of urban air pollution.Therefore, improve internal-combustion engines vehicle energy conversion efficiency, reduce its noxious emission and exploitation cleaning, cheap New-type fuel and become the urgent task of automotive industry.

The combustion of hydrogen product is a water, and unique noxious emission is NOx, thereby is considered to the ideal automotive fuel.Because pure hydrogen preparation cost height, and there are the factors such as storage, transportation and safety of hydrogen jar, so be difficult to obtain large-scale practical application at present.And utilize the traditional fuel that carries with car to adopt scheme to overcome the above problems with car hydrogen manufacturing, therefore, vehicle-mounted hydrogen production is considered to one of best selection.At present, the method for vehicle-mounted hydrogen production mainly contains two kinds of traditional chemical reforming process and reforming plasma methods.

(1) chemical reforming process

Chemistry reformation ratio juris is under the effect of catalyzer, makes hydrocarbon fuel generation chemical transformation produce hydrogen, and can be divided into 3 kinds according to the difference of reformation part heat-supplying mode: external-heat steam reforming, partial oxidation are reformed, self-heating recapitalization.It is higher that the external-heat vapor reforming hydrogen production produces the hydrogen rate, but reaction process needs outside heat supply, and temperature of reaction is higher, thus system complicated, start slowly, difference in response and thermo-efficiency is low.The partial oxidation reformation hydrogen production is the technology of comparative maturity, and its product hydrogen rate is lower than the steam reforming, but because this reaction is thermopositive reaction, so do not need extra heat supply, system is simple relatively and thermo-efficiency is higher, and start time while is short, dynamic response is very fast.Self-heating recapitalization is steam reforming and partial oxidation to be reformed combine, the response of this reformation mode very fast and produce the hydrogen rate and capacity usage ratio higher, but, make hydrogen produce hydrogen rate and transformation efficiency reduction because the local superheating phenomenon appears in the imbalance of heat absorption and heat release easily.

(2) reforming plasma method

Plasma method hydrogen manufacturing be a kind ofly develop, continuous perfect novel method, the problem that it can solve or avoid the traditional chemical catforming to run into.Hydrogen manufacturing chemical principle with plasma exciatiaon roughly is identical with traditional principle, and different is to excite Activity of Chemical Reaction material difference.The active substance of traditional method is a catalyzer, and the active substance of plasma method is high-energy electron and free radical.Because what reforming plasma used is electricity, so reaction has controllability highly, can be on a large scale adjustments of gas speed and composition, reach the optimization of reaction.By means of highly active particle image electronics, ion, excited state material, the plasma physical efficiency improves chemical reaction velocity greatly, perhaps for thermo-negative reaction provides the energy, and avoids using heterogeneous catalyst.These advantages with and high-energy-density and reaction times of causing thus reduce, for hydrogen-manufacturing reactor minification, weight reduction provide may.Plasma-converted hydrogen manufacturing is not high to ingredient requirement in addition, so long as hydrogenous material, can become the raw material of plasma method hydrogen manufacturing as Sweet natural gas, alcohols, biofuel etc.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is: proposed a kind of three-cavity series plasma vehicular hydrogen-rich gas generator, be used for the producing fast of car hydrogen-rich gas, the solution that reduces energy source of car consumption and hazardous emission and Hydrogen Sources of Fuel Cell Vehicles is provided is with reference to approach.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: this producer comprises that mainly part (2) takes place for plasma reaction part (1) and plasma body.Plasma reaction part (1) is a plasm reaction cavity, and this partial shape is cylindrical, and inside is partly isolated reaction chamber and generation cavity by insulation gland (4); Part (2) takes place in plasma body, and this part is composed in series by three uniform generation cavities that metab (6), insulation gland (4) and ceramic urceolus (5) form, the generation cavity cross section be shaped as 120 ° fan-shaped, the radius of generation cavity is 6-8mm.Inlet mouth (7) is positioned at the bottom, makes progress vertically, and reactant enters top reaction chamber through three fan-shaped generation cavities of series connection, is flowed out by air outlet, top (11) at last.This device is a positive pole with the electrode (3) that is installed in the fan angle center of circle, is negative pole with the curved wall (15) of base, and Vehicular accumulator cell is a power supply, discharges between positive and negative electrode through discharge control (12) device.When hydrocarbon fuel or hydrocarbon fuel and AIR MIXTURES enter generation cavity, make reactant produce plasma body through spark discharge.Afterwards, reactant enters reaction chamber (1) and carries out partial oxidation reaction, becomes hydrogen-rich gas rapidly.What reforming process was used is electricity, and reaction has the controllability of height, can be on a large scale adjustments of gas speed and composition, reach the optimization of reaction.

Advantage of the present invention is: adopt the placed in-line structure in three chambeies, utilize the reforming plasma method that hydrocarbon fuel is carried out reformation hydrogen production, advantage such as that this reactor has is efficient, rapid, light, easy realization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vehicular hydrogen-rich gas generator exploded view.

Fig. 2 is the application synoptic diagram of vehicular hydrogen-rich gas generator.

The number in the figure explanation

The 1-reactive moieties; Part takes place in 2-; The 3-positive pole; The 4-gland that insulate; 5-pottery urceolus; The 6-reactor base; The 7-inlet mouth; The anodal open holes of 8-; The 9-platen; 10-reactor end cap; The 11-air outlet; The 12-control unit that discharges; The 13-refining plant; 14-hydrogen-rich gas using appts; 15-negative pole (bonding)

Embodiment

The structure of this vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as shown in Figure 1.Hydrocarbon fuel or hydrocarbon fuel and AIR MIXTURES enter generation cavity 2 from inlet mouth 7, make reactant produce plasma body through spark discharge.Afterwards, reactant enters reaction chamber 1 and carries out sufficient oxidizing reaction, obtains hydrogen-rich gas rapidly.Reacted hydrogen-rich gas is discharged by air outlet 11.Adopt three placed in-line structures of generation cavity, the duration of contact of gas and electric arc and contact probability are increased, and reaction is more abundant, can obtain the hydrogen-rich gas of higher hydrogen content.

Can be designed to on-board hydrogen generation system as shown in Figure 2 in actual applications.By the isoionic generation of discharge control device 12 controls, enter cleaner 13 through ionization and abundant reacted hydrogen-rich gas, enter hydrogen-rich gas using appts 14 after the processing.Can several producers in parallel according to the actual flow needs.

This generating means has been used for the reforming plasma hydrogen manufacturing test of dimethyl ether, and the volumn concentration of hydrogen reaches 30% in the hydrogen-rich gas that obtains, and the hydrogen productive rate reaches 40%. This device can be used for the reforming plasma hydrogen-rich gas preparation of multiple hydrocarbon fuel (liquid fuels such as the gasoline after natural gas, oil liquefied gas and the vaporization and diesel oil). Experiment results shows, the advantage such as that this device has is efficient, rapid, light, easy realization.

Claims

1. A three-cavity series plasma vehicle-mounted hydrogen-rich gas generator, comprising: a plasma reaction part (1) is a plasma reaction chamber, the part is cylindrical in shape, and the reaction chamber is enclosed by an insulating gland (4) inside. Partially isolated from the generating cavity;

The plasma generation part (2), which is composed of three evenly distributed generation chambers formed by the metal base (6), insulating gland (4) and ceramic outer cylinder (5) in series, the shape of the cross-section of a single generation chamber It is 120° fan-shaped, and the adjustment range of the fan-shaped radius is 6-8mm. The electrode (3) installed at the center of the fan-shaped corner is used as the positive pole, and the arc-shaped side wall (15) of the base is used as the negative pole. The air inlet (7) is located at the bottom , go upward in the axial direction, pass through three series fan-shaped generating chambers and enter the upper reaction chamber, and finally flow out from the upper gas outlet (11).